六级翻译真题及答案

中国的丝绸贸易丝绸上的贸易南亚欧洲和中东文明发展中发挥了重要作用。通过丝绸出口各种商品和植物，满足的需要。Theworld-renownedSilkRoadisaseriesofroutesconnectingtheEastandtheWest.Itextendedmorethan6,000kilometers.TheSilkRoadwasnamedafterancientChina’ssilktradewhichplayedanimportantroleinthecivilizationdevelopmentofChina,SouthAsia,EuropeandtheMiddleEast.ItwasthroughtheSilkRoadthatpapermaking,gunpowder,compassandprintingofthefourgreatinventionsofancientChinawereintroducedaroundtheworld.Similarly,Chinesesilk,teaandporcelainspreadallovertheworld.EuropealsoexportedvariousgoodsandplantsthroughtheSilkRoadtomeettheneedsoftheChinesemarket.的大型花园也包括学者商人和卸任的为摆脱嘈杂的外部世界而建造的花园。围墙，园内有、假山、树木、花草以及各种各样由蜿蜒的小路和走廊连接的建筑。After3,000yearsofevolvement,Chinesegardenshave eauniquelandscape.Thisincludesbothlargegardensbuiltasentertainmentvenuesforroyalfamily,andprivategardensbuiltassecludedretreatsforscholars,merchantsandretiredernmentofficials.Thesegardenshaveconstitutedaminiaturethatisdesignedinpraiseoftheharmonybetweenmanandnature.AtypicalChinesegardenissurroundedbywallsandconsistsofvariousbuildingslinkedbywindingtrailsandcorridors,withponds,rockeries,trees,andflowersscatteredinit.Wanderinginsuchawell-designedgarden,peoplemayfeelthattheyarewalkinginalandscapepainting.在家庭聚会上。传统的月饼上带有“寿”(longevity)、“福”或“和”等字样。Sinceancienttimes,theChinesepeopleusuallycelebrateharvestintheMid-Autumn,whichissimilartothecustomofcelebratingThanksgivingintheNorthAmerica.ThetraditionofcelebratingMid-AutumnfestivalbecamepopularthroughoutChinaintheearlyTangdynasty.ThelunarAugust15isadayforpeopleworshithemoon.Onthisday,underthedazzlingbrightmoon,familiesreuniteandenjoythemoon’sbeauty.In2006,Mid-AutumnfestivalwaslistedasoneofChina'sculturalheritage,andin2008,itwasclassifiedasapublicholiday.Mooncakes,asindispensabledeliciousfoodofthefestival,weregiftspeoplesenttofamiliesandfriendsduringthefestivalandusuallyeatenonfamilygatherings.Therearecharactersof“longevity”,“goodfortune”and“harmony”ontheTraditionalmooncakes.500万辆机动车的尾气排放、周边地区燃煤、来自北方的沙尘暴和本地的建筑灰尘，另外850亿元用于新建或升级城市处理和污水处理设施，加上300亿元投资未来三年的植树造林。市还计划建造一批水循环利用工厂，并制止违章建筑，以改善环境。另外，还将更严厉地处罚减排规定的行为。Beijingisgoingtoinvest760billionyuantocurbenvironmentalpollutioninthenextthreeyears,startingfromreducingtheemissionsofpm2.5emissions.Thenewlyannouncedplanisintendedtoreducethefourmajorsourcesofpollution,includingemissionsof5millionmotorvehicles,coal-burninginsurroundingareas,sandstormsfromthenorthandconstructiondustinthelocality.Another85billionyuanisusedforestablishingorupgradingthefacilitiesofmunicipalwastetreatmentandsewagetreatment.Besides,30billionyuaninveststotheafforestationprograminthenextthreeyears.Inordertoimprovetheenvironment,themunicipalernmentalsoplanstobuildagoodnumberofplantswhichcanuserecycledwaterandtostopillegalconstruction.Inaddition,Beijingwillpunishthosepeoplewhoviolatetheregulationsofemission-reductionmore中文热词通常反映社会变化和文化，有些在外国上愈来愈流行。例如，土豪和大妈都是老词，但已获取了新的意义。土豪以前指欺压佃户和仆人的乡村，现在用于指花钱如流水或喜欢炫耀的人，也就是说，土豪有钱，但是没有品位。大妈是对中年妇女的称呼，但是现在特指不久前金价时大量黄金的中国妇女土豪和大妈可能会被收入新版的（Oxford）120Chinesehotwordsareusuallybeenregardedasareflectionofthesocialchangeandareflectionofsomecertainculturephenomena,someofwhicharequitepopularintheforeignmedia.Tuhaoanddama,forexample,arebotholdwords,butinnowadays,theyhavegainedthenewmeanings.TuhaowasusedtorefertoLocaltyrantsorvillagelandlordswhooppressedtenantsandservantsbefore,butnow,thewordisusedtoreferthepeoplewhospendmoneylikewaterorthepeoplewholiketoshowofftheirwealth.ItmeansthatTuhaosarerich,buttheyhavenotaste.Damaistheappellationformiddle-agedwoman,butnowitisusedtodescribetheChinesewomenwhorushedtopurchasegoldwhenthegoldpricedplungedsharplynotlongago.TuhaoanddamaarelikelytobeincludedintotheneweditionofOxfordDictionary.Uptonow,about120ChinesewordshavebeenincludedintoOxfordDictionary,andthesewordshavewoventhemselvesintothetextureoftheEnglishlanguage.最近中国了关于其科学发展与未来一年展望的年度系列报告该报告包括三关注的问题第二份报告公布了一些应用科学研究的热门领域如3D打印和人造研究。第三份报告呼吁加强顶层设计，以消除工业升级中的结构性，并促进节能减排。RecentlyChineseAcademyofSciencepublishedannualreportonthelatestdevelopmentandtheexpectationsforthecomingyearinaseries.Thereportiscomposedofthreeparts:scientificdevelopmentreport、high-techdevelopmentreportandChinesesustainablestrategyreport.ThefirstreportincludesChinesescientists’recentdiscoveries,suchasthebreakthroughintheresearchfieldofnewparticleandH7N9.Italsoemphasizestheissuesweneedtopayattentioninthenextyears.Thesecondreportannouncessomehotareasinappliedscientificstudy,like3Dprintingandartificialorgan.Thethirdreportappealstostrengthenthetop-leveldesignsoastoeliminatestructuralobstacleinindustrialupgradingandpromoteenergy-savingandemission-reduction.反映在艺术和文学中的乡村生活理想文明的重要特征这在很大程度上归功于道家对画。这两个可以分别代表儒家和道家的生活理想。TheidealrurallifestylereflectedintheartandliteratureisagreatcharacteristicinChinesecivilization.ItislargelyattributedtotheTaoismaffectiontonature.TherearetwomostpreferredtopicsintraditionalChinesepaintings.Onekinddepictsvarioushappyscenesoffamilylifeinwhichtheelderlyplaychessanddrinktea,youngmenfarmandharvestinthefield,womenweaveorsewclothesandkidsplayintheoutside.Theotherdepictstherecreationsofrurallife.Inthesepaintings,fishermenfishonthelake,famersheworcollectherbsonthehillsandscholarscomposepoemsorpaintingsunderpinetrees.ThesetwothemesrespectivelyrepresenttheideallifeofConfucianismandTaoism.中国将努力确保到2015年就业者接受过平均13.3年的教育。如果这一目标得以实现，今后地区学生的营养，并为外来务工人员的提供在城市接受教育的同等机会。Chinawillendeavortoensureeveryemployeetohaveaverage13.3yearsofeducation.Ifthegoalisachieved,amajorityofpeopleenteringthelabormarketwillbehavingBachelor’sdegree.Inthenextfewyears,Chinawillincreasethenumberofpeopleinvocationalcollege.Exceptfocusingonthehighereducation,theernmentwillfindabreakthroughpointtoensurethejusticeofeducation.Chinaistryingtooptimizeeducationresourcesand,accordingly,thecountrysideaswellasthelessdevelopedareaswillreceivemoresupport.Inaddition,theeducationministrydecidestoimprovethenutritionofstudentsinlessdevelopedareasandprovidesequalopportunitiesforthechildrenofworkersfromoutoftowntoreceiveeducationinthecity.。自从1978启动以来，中国已从计划经济转为以市场为基础的经济，经历了经济和会的快速发展。平均10%的P增长已使五亿多人脱贫。的“千年(millnnu)发展目标”均已达到或即将达到。目前，中国的第十二个五年规划强调发展服务业和解决环境及社会不平衡的问题已设定目标减少污染提高能源效率改善得到教育和医的机会并扩大社会保障中国现在7%的经年增长目标表明是在重视生活质量而是增长速度。。Sincethereformin1978,withtherapiddevelopmentofeconomyandsociety,Chineseeconomyhastransferredintomarketeconomyfromcommandeconomy.Theaverage10%growthofGDPhasliftedmorethan500millionpeopleoutofpoverty.TheMillenniumGoaloftheU.N.hasbeenfullyorpartiallyachievedthroughoutChina.Atpresent,the12thFive-yearPlaninChinaemphasizesthedevelopmentofserviceindustryandthesolutionofimbalanceofenvironmentandsociety.Theernmenthassetgoalstoreducepollution,enhanceenergyefficiency,improveeducationalopportunitiesandmedicalinsuranceandexpandsocialsecurity.The7%growthannualgoaldemonstratesthattheernmentisconcentratingonthequalityofliferatherthanthespeedofgrowth.此牛排上桌也不少见沙拉也已流行起来尽管传统上一般不吃任何烹饪的菜肴ThetraditionalChinesehospitalityrequiresfooddiversity,sothatguestswillbefullbeforeeatingupallthedishes.AtypicalChinesebanquet includescolddishesservedatthebeginning,followedbyhotdishes,suchasmeat,poultry,vegetables,etc.Atmostbanquets,thewholefishisconsideredtobeessential,unlessvariouskindsofseafoodhavebeenservedalready.Today,ChinesepeoplewouldliketocombineWesternspecialtieswithtraditionalChinesedishes.Therefore,itisnotraretoseesteakbeingservedaswell.Saladisgainingpopularity,althoughtraditionallytheChinesepeoplegenerallydonoteatanyfoodwithoutcooking.Thereisusuallyatleastabowlofsoup,servedatthebeginningorintheendofthedinnerparty.Dessertsandfruitusuallymarktheendofthefeast.2011 203.5亿农村人口将移居城市。如此规模的城市发展对城市交通来说The2011isahistoricmomentinChineseurbanizationprocess,whentheurbanpopulationsurpassedtheruralpopulationforthefirsttime.Duringthenext20years,itisestimatedthat350millionruralpopulationwillmovetocities.Suchlarge-scaleofurbanizationisbothachallengeandanopportunitytotheurbantraffic.TheChineseernmenthasalwaysbeenadvocating“people-oriented”develoconcept,emphasizingthatpeopleshouldtravelbybusesinsteadofbyprivatecars.Italsocallsfortheconstructionof“resourcesavingandenvironmentfriendly”society.Withthisexplicitgoal,Chinacanhaveabetter-plannedurbanizationprocess,andthereforedivertmoreinvestmenttothedevelopmentofsafe,cleanandeconomicaltransportationsystem.敞开大门对外贸易兴旺汉朝开拓的丝绸通向了中西亚乃至罗马各类艺术一派繁荣，测量的仪器。汉朝经历了四百年，但者的导致了它的。TheHanDynastyisoneofthemostsignificantdynastiesinthehistoryofChinaanditattainedlotsofremarkableachievementsduringthereign.TheHanDynastyisthefirstinopeningitsdoortoothercultures,withtheforeigntradeprosperous.TheSilkRoadexploitedinHanDynastyleadtothecentralandwestpartofAsia,evenRome.Theschoolsofartalsopresentastateofflourish,springinguplotsofmonumentalworksinliterature,historyandphilosophy.ThefirstdictionaryinChinawascompiledandfinishedin100A.D.,whichnotonlycontainsninethousandChinesecharacters,butalsooffersparaphrasesandexamplesofdifferentwritingskills.Scienceandtechnologyalsomademuchprogressduringthisperiod.Peopleinventedwaterclock,sundialsandtheinstrumentsthatcanpredicttheearthquake.TheHanDynastywitnessedfourhundredyearsandwenttodoombecauseofernors’decadent.在帮助国际社会于2030年前消除贫困过程中，中国正扮演着越来越重要的角色。自20世纪70年代末实施开放以来，中国已使多达四亿人摆脱了贫困。在未来五年中，中国Duringtheprocessofheltheinternationalcommunitytoeradicateextremepovertybefore2030,Chinaisplayinganincreasinglycrucialrole.Chinahasalreadyridasmanyas400millionpeopleofpovertysincetheimplementationofreformandopeningupinthelate1970s.Inthenext5years,Chinawillprovideotherdevelocountrieswithassistancewithrespecttothepovertyreduction,educationdevelopment,agriculturalmodernization,environmentalprotection,healthcareandsoon.Chinahasachievedsignificantprogressintermsofreducingpovertyandmadeunremittingendeavorwithrespecttopromotingeconomicgrowth,whichwillencourageotherpoorcountriestocopewiththechallengesinthecourseoftheirowndevelopment.ThesenationscanlearnfromtheexperienceofChinawhenseekingdevelopmentroadswiththeirowntraits.的出产国名。很有可能这件商品造的。Recently,theChineseernmentdecidedtoupgradeitsindustry.Chinaisnowinvolvedintheconstructionofhigh-speedtrains,ocean-goingvessels,robots,andevenaircrafts.Notlongago,Chinaobtainedthecontractforconstructionofahigh-speedrailinIndonesia.IthasalsosignedacontractwithMalaysiatoprovidehigh-speedtrains.ThisprovesthatpeoplehavefaithinChina-madeproducts.China-madeproductsaregainingpopularity,forwhichChinahaspaidaprice.However,itdoescontributetotheeradicationofpovertyandalso,intheme ,provideemploymentopportunitiesforpeoplearoundtheworld.Thisisagooddeedwhichiscommendable.Youmaywanttotakealookatthepurchasedgoodsforthenameoftheproducingcountrynexttimeyougotothestore.MostprobablytheproductismadeinChina.何平衡父母与间的关系。ParentsinChinaarealwaystryingtohelptheirchildren,eventomakethemostimportantdecisionforthem,regardlessofwhatthechildrenreallywant,becauseparentsbelieveit’sallforthebenefitoftheirchildren.Thishasledtotheresultthatthechildren’sgrowthandeducationtendtogivewaytotheirparents’wishes.Oncetheparentsdecidetosignupanafterschoolclassfortheirchildreninordertoincreasetheirchanceofbeingadmittedtoagoodschool,theywillstickontheirdecision,eventheirchildrenhavenointerestinitatall.InAmerica,however,parentstendtorespecttheirchildren,especiallywhenmakingdecisions.PerhapsitiscommendablethatChineseparentslaymuchimportanceoneducation,butChineseparentsstillneedtokeepthebalancebetweentheparentsandchildrenintheofeducationastheAmericanparentsChina'sinnovationisflourishingfasterthaneverbefore.Inordertosurpassdevelopedcountriesonscienceandtechnologyassoonaspossible,Chinahassharplyincreasedresearchanddevelopmentfund.Chineseuniversitiesandinstitutesareactivelynginnovativeresearches,coveringvariousfieldsofhightechnology,frombigdatatobiochemistry,andfromnewenergytorobots.Theyarealsocooperatingwithscienceandtechnologyparksindifferentplaces,soastocommercializetheirfruitsofinnovation.Intheme ,toadapttothechangingforeignanddomesticmarket,andtosatisfythegrowingdemand,Chineseentrepreneursarealsomakingpioneeringeffortstoinnovatetheirproductsandbusinessmodels.旗袍(qipao)是一种雅致的中国服装,源于中国的(ManchuNationality)。在清代,旗袍是王旗袍作为结婚礼服。一些有影响的甚至建议将旗袍作为中国女性的民族服饰。Qipao,anexquisiteChineseclothing,originatesfromChina’sManchuNat