Unit 4 单元易错综合练习 【建构迁移+拓展提升】 高一英语 必修第一册 单元重难点突破培优（人教版2019）

试卷第=page99页，共=sectionpages99页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页Unit4单元易错综合练习（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共30分，略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A（2022·云南·昆明一中高一期中）AppstoHelpinaDisasterDisastersalmostalwaysarriveunexpectedly.Buttherearecomputerappstohelppeoplepreparefordisasters.Someappswarnuserswhenadisasterhastakenplace.SirenGPSMobileThefreeSirenGPSMobileappconnectsuserstoemergency(紧急事件)servicesatthetapofthescreen.Theappwillletemergencyworkersknowwherethepersoninneedis.Theappworksovercellphonenetworks.ButitalsoworksonWi-Fiifcellphonenetworksaredownafteranemergency.Userscancreateapersonalhealthreportontheapptosharewithemergencyservices.Thiswillprovideinformationaboutmedicinesthatuserstake,allergies(过敏反应)theymighthaveandothermedicalinformationimportanttotreatmentdecisions.Life360TheLife360appprovidesaservicetokeepthelovedonesconnected.Userscansetupanetworkofpeopletosharetheirlocation,chatandgetinformedwhentheyarenearsomeoneintheirnetwork.PeopleinthesamenetworkcanusetheapponiPhoneandAndroiddevices.Theapphelpsuserscommunicatewhentheyareindanger.Thelocationsharingfunctioncanbesuspended(暂停)whendesired.TheLife360appisfree,withsomeservicesavailableforafee.RedPanicButtonWhenapersonisindanger,theRedPanicButtonappmighthelp.Thisappcansendatextmessagetochosencontactsprovidingtheuser’slocation.Youcanalsoaddavoiceorvideomessageorphototoyourtextandemail.Thisappcanalsobeusedtocontactemergencyservices.RedPanicButtonisfree,butextrafeaturesareavailableforafee*FirstAidbyAmericanRedCrossThefreeFirstAidappbytheAmericanRedCrosshelpsguideusersingivingfirstaidtotheinjuredpeople.Theappcanalsohelpwithinformationtohelpplanfordroughts,floods,stormsandmore.Watchvideosandtaketestswithintheapp.UserscanswitchtheappfromEnglishtoSpanish.1．WhichisnotthefeatureoftheSirenGPSMobileapp?A．Itconnectsuserstoemergencyservices.B．Itisuselessifyourcellphonenetworkisdown.C．Rescuerscangetyourhealthinformationthroughit.D．Rescueworkerscanknowwheretheinjuredpersonis.2．WhatcanyoudoifyouhavetheLife360app?A．Watchoveryourlovedones’movements.B．Keepconnectedwiththoseinyournetwork.C．Shareyourhealthinformationwithdoctorsdirectly.D．Gethospitalinformationimmediatelywhenindanger.3．Whatmaybethebestchoiceifyouwanttogetinformationaboutdisastersinadvance?A．SirenGPSMobile. B．Life360.C．RedPanicButton. D．FirstAidbyAmericanRedCross.B（2022·青海玉树·高一期末）AgreatearthquakehappenedinsouthwesternChinaonMay12,2008,killingthousandsofpeople.ThequakestruckWenchuanandotherpartsofSichuanProvinceinthemiddleoftheafternoonandanumberofschoolbuildings,shopsandhomesweredestroyed.Thenumberofthedeadandmissingroseasrescueworkersdugthroughflattened(夷为平地的)schoolsandhomestofindsurvivors.ItwasreportedthatmanypeoplewerestillburiedundertheruinsinandaroundMianyang,acityabout60mileseastoftheepicenter(震中).Peopletherespentasecondnightsleepingoutsideintherain.Thegovernmentorderedpeoplenottoreturntotheirhomesforsafetyconcerns.Fewlightswereoninthecity,andpeopleateandchattedbycandlelight.RescueteamsbroughtpeopletoMianyang'sstadiumforfoodandshelter.Outsidetherailwaystation,thepoliceshoutedinmegaphones(扩音器)tellingpeoplewheretheycouldgetfreefood.BusescarryingsurvivorsleftBeichuan,whichisinthenortheastoftheepicenterandwasalsoflattenedbythequake.1,000studentsandteacherswerekilledormissingatafallenhighschoolinBeichuanCounty.AtanotherschoolinthetownofJuyuan,900studentswereburiedundertheruins.Therewaslittlehopethatmanysurvivorswouldbefoundundertherubble.Butofficialsaskedthepeoplenottogiveuphope.20,000soldiersarrivedinthedisasterareaonthewaybyplane,trainandtruckandevenonfoot.Thirty-oneBritishtouristswhowerepanda-watchinginWolongNationalNatureReserveweresafe.Andthepandaswerereportedsafe,too.4．WhatwastheweatherlikeafterthegreatearthquakeinMianyang?A．Rainy. B．Windy. C．Sunny. D．Cloudy.5．Fromthetext,wecanknowthat______A．manypeoplewentbackhometogetsomeclothesandfoodB．BeichuanCountyisinthesoutheastoftheepicenterC．somepeoplewerebroughttoastadiuminMianyangD．thegovernmentsaidpeoplecouldreturnhome6．AlltheseplacesarementionedEXCEPT______A．Beichuan B．Juyuan C．Mianyang D．Pingwu7．Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A．Howmanypeoplediedintheearthquake. B．TheearthquakethathappenedinChina.C．Theplaceswhichweredamaged. D．Howtheearthquakehappened.C（2022·云南·西南联大附属学校高一期末）Typhoonsinthenorthernpartoftheworldhavegirls’names.Sometimestheyhaveverybeautifulnames.RoseisaprettynamebuttherewasnothingprettyaboutTyphoonRose.ItwastheworsttyphoontohitHongKonginmorethanthirtyyears.ItbegantorainearlyonthemorningofMonday,August16th,1971.Atteno’clockinthemorning,TyphoonRosewasstill130milesawaybutalreadythewindwasblowingpeople’sumbrellasaway.Thewindbecamestrongerandstronger.Thetyphoonshelters(避风港)weresoonfullofboats.Shipsthatweretoobigtogoinsidethesheltersputdownmoreanchors(锚).Someverybigshipswentouttosea.Itissaferforabigshiptobeatseainatyphoonbecausethenitcannotbeblownontorocks.KaiTakAirportclosed.Noplaneswereabletotakeofforland.At9:00intheevening,alllightswentout.Noonesleptwellthatnight.Itisdifficulttosleepinsuchbadweather.InTyphoonRose,morethanonehundredpeopledied.229peoplewereinjuredand66ofthesehadtogotohospital.1,500peoplelosttheirhomes.ThepeopleofHongKongwillnoquicklyforgetTyphoonRose!8．TyphoonRosecametoHongKong_______.A．earlyinthemorning B．onasummerdayC．intheautumnof1971 D．onacoldMonday9．Theboatswentinsidethesheltersbecause_______.A．shelterswerefullofboats B．peopleintheboatscouldgohomeC．itwassafertostaythere D．alllightswentout10．HowmanypeoplediedinTyphoonRose?A．66. B．1,500. C．229. D．Over100.11．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．TyphoonRose B．TheShipsintheTyphoonC．ThePeopleintheTyphoon D．TheTyphoonSheltersD（2022·陕西·绥德中学高一期中）Keepyoureyesonthesky—itlookslikethisyearwillbeabigyearfortornadoes(飓风).AsofthefirstweekinApril,therehavealreadybeen445tornadoesintheUnitedStates.Lastyear,therewereonly96tornadoesbythebeginningofApril.AccordingtotheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration(NOAA),agovernmentagencythatstudiestheenvironment,thismarksthestrongesttornadoactivityinthefirstthreemonthsofanyyearsince1999.Previousyearswithabusystarthaveproducedhighnumbersoftornadoesthroughouttheyear.Forthoselivingin“TornadoAlley”fromwestTexasallthewayuptoNorthDakota,springtimeistornadotime.Whatexactlycausesatornado?Tornadoesformwhenwetandwarmairiscaughtunderdryandcoolair.Whenthewarmairrises,itupsetsthecoolair,spinningtheairintoafunnel-likeshape(漏斗形).Thespinningairisofficiallycalledatornadoonceittouchestheground.Thesetornadoescanreachextremelyhighspeeds,sometimesmorethan250milesperhour!ScientiststrytomeasurethespeedanddamageoftornadoesusingwhatiscalledtheFujitaScale,orF-scale.ThescalerangesfromF0,withwindsunder73mph,toF5,withwindsbetween261and318mph.ViolenttornadoesintheF4andF5gradessometimeslastmorethananhour,andcausetremendousdamage,oftendestroyingeverythingforhundredsofmils.Fortunately,theseaccountforlessthan1percentofalltornadoes.Ifthefirstthreemonthsofthisyearareanyindication,therearemoretornadoestocome.Remember,thebestwaytostaysafeduringatornadoistofindshelterinthebasement(地下室)ofastrongbuilding,avoidingwindows.Expertswarnagainsttryingtoescapeatornadoinacar.12．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．Howatornadoisformed. B．Whatdamagetornadoescause.C．Whataffectstornadotime. D．Howfasttornadoesmove.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tremendous”inparagraph3probablymean?A．Regular. B．Limited. C．Huge. D．Similar.14．Whatshallwedotokeepsafeduringatornado?A．Hideinacar. B．Keepwindowsopen.C．Stayinabasement. D．Situnderatree.15．Whatcanbelearnedfromthetext?A．NOAAismainlyresponsiblefordisasterrelief.B．Tornadoactivityisstillcompletelyunknown.C．Yearswithwarmerweathersawfewtornadoes.D．Tornadoeswillhappenmorefrequentlythisyear.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（2022·贵州毕节·高一期末）Earthquakeshappenwithoutwarning(前兆).Theycanhappenanytimeofaday,atanypointduringtheyear.Butdon’tworrybecausemostaresoweakthattheycannotbefelt.____16____However,it’simportanttoknowwhattodowhenanearthquakeishappening.____17____Youcouldgetinjuredfromfallingglassorpartsofbuildings.Ifyouareoutside,stayawayfrombuildingsandpowerlines(输电线).Stayunderadesk,table,orotherstrongfurniture.Holdontoit.Orstayinacornerofthebuilding.Coveryourfaceandheadwithyourarmsandcoveryourmouthwithatowelorclothing.____18____Alsokeepawayfromafire.____19____Ifyouaredrivingwhenanearthquakehappens,stopthecarifit’ssafe.Stayinsideyourcaruntiltheearthquakestops,anddon’tdrivenearbridges.Trynottostopbypowerlinesortrees.____20____A．Donotgooutside.B．Thesecouldfallandhurtyou.C．Onlyafewbigoneshurtpeople.D．Everyearthquakecancausedisaster.E．Youcouldfalldownandburnyourselfonthefire.F．Stayinsideuntilshakingstopsanditissafetogooutside.G．Mostpeoplegetinjuredbyfallingthingsinanearthquake,notbytheshakingitself.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（2022·全国·高一）Theearthquake（地震）wasoverandthecitywasinruins.Ihadnochoicebuttowalkhomewhenallthe____21____hadstoppedasaresultofthequake.OnmywayhomeI____22____anoldladyatabakeryshopgivingoutfreebread,whichmademyheart____23____.Amanwasholdingasignsaying,"Pleaseuseour____24____."Hewas____25____hishouseforpeopletogotothebathroom.Myfriend,whowantedtobeofhelptoothers,stoodinthecoldwithasign"Ifyoudon't____26____acar,I'llbegladtodriveyouhome."AndthenIsawhimpickupanoldmananddrivehimallthewaytoafarawayplace!ThennextdayIdrovetohavemycarfilledup.Therewasnotenough____27____nowandmanygasstationswereeitherclosedorhavevery____28____lines.Igotworried,sinceIwasbehindfifteencars.Finally,whenmyturncame,themansmiledandsaid,"____29____thisterribleearthquake,weareonlygiving$30worthgasperperson.Isthatalright?""_____30_____.It'snicethatweareallabletoshare,"Isaid.Hissmilegavemesomuchcomfort.AttheescapecentreIsawaman_____31_____whenpeoplebroughtfoodtohim.Itwasthefirsttimeinthreedaysthatfoodhadbeenbroughttotheircentre.However,afterhecleanedupthetears,hisnext_____32_____surprisedme."Iamvery_____33_____thatweareprovidedwithfood.Butpeopleinthecitynexttoushaven't_____34_____anyfoodatall.Pleasegotothatcentreaswell."Hearingthat,Ibelievedtherewasabrightfutureontheothersideofthis_____35_____.21．A．life B．business C．rescue D．traffic22．A．noticed B．missed C．ignored D．told23．A．kind B．broken C．warm D．empty24．A．hotel B．toilet C．hospital D．car25．A．opening B．selling C．repairing D．building26．A．buy B．care C．matter D．have27．A．gas B．information C．food D．water28．A．direct B．fine C．long D．thin29．A．Exceptfor B．Togetherwith C．Insteadof D．Becauseof30．A．Notatall B．Ofcourse C．Noway D．Nevermind31．A．crying B．eating C．smiling D．singing32．A．ways B．roles C．words D．promises33．A．sure B．grateful C．surprised D．proud34．A．bought B．wasted C．prepared D．received35．A．disaster B．chance C．city D．centre第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分）（2022·全国·高一专题练习）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。StrangethingswerehappeninginTangshan.Forafewdays,thewaterinthewellsroseandfell.Fromthecracksinthewellwalls,somesmellygascameout.Mice,chickensandpigsbecamenervous.____36____peopledidn'trealizethatoneofthedeadlyearthquakeswasontheway.Theearthquakewhichdestroyedthecity____37____(shock)thepeople.At3:42am,everythingbegantoshake.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingto____38____end.Inlessthanoneminute,thecitylayinruins.Twothirdsofthepeoplediedorwere____39____(injure).Then,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakeshookTangshan.However,hopewasnotlost.Soonafterthequakes,soldiersweresent____40____(rescue)thepeople.Theydugoutthosewho____41____(trap)andburiedthedead.Morethan10,000doctorsandnursescametoprovidemedicalcare.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivors____42____homeshadbeendestroyed.____43____(slow),thecitybegantobreatheagain.Withstrongsupportfromthegovernment,anewTangshanwasbuiltupontheearthquakeruins.Thecityhasproved____44____Chinaandtherestoftheworldthatintimesofdisaster,peoplemustunifyandshowthe_____45_____(wise)tostaypositiveandrebuildforabrighterfuture.第四部分写作（共两节,满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46．（2022·辽宁葫芦岛·高一阶段练习）假定你是李华，你校将举办一场以“Howtosurviveanearthquake”为主题的讲座。请你写封邮件邀请你的外国朋友George参加，内容包括：1.邮件的目的；2.讲座的主要内容；3.讲座的时间和地点。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearGeorge,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）47．（2022·山东省郓城第一中学高一期中）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。EveryoneinmydramaclasssawthepaperinmyhandsshakingwhenIstooduptotryoutforaleadroleintheyearlyschoolThanksgivingplay.Iwastherebecausetheteacherwantedeveryonetotryoutforapart.Beingshyandnotconfident,Ibegannervouslyreadingthepartforthemaincharacter,Star.Shehadnoparents.Feelingsosorryforher,Ifinishedreading.Laterwhenreadingthenamelist,theteacherlookedatmeandannounced,“Patty,youplayStar.Comeandgetyourscript(剧本).”Iwasshocked.Jim,anexcellentboy,wasplayingtheotherlead.Tolearnmylines,Ipracticedeverydayandfinallymemorizedthem.Ibecamemoreconfidentandhappier.Thenwestartedpractisingacting.Jimplayedthecharacter,aScrooge(吝啬鬼),whoisunwillingtoputacandleinhiswindowsothatthelightwillshowpassers-bytheslipperyiceonthepathbelow.OntheThanksgivingday,Starcomesalong,fallsontheiceandgetsinjured.Finallyfeelingbad,theScroogehelpsherup.Tothankhim,Starkisseshishand.Oneday,beforeourdramaclassstarted,Isawaterribledrawingofmeontheblackboardwithwords:FallingStar.Iwaslaughedatbysomeone.Theteacherasked,“Whodidthis?”Nobodyknew.Westartedrehearsing(排练),butmyheartwasn’tinit.Theteachertoldmenottocareaboutthesillytrick;itwouldn’thappenagain.ButIwassadandanxious,wantingtoquit.FinallyImovedonandcontinuallyworkedhardfortheplay.Soonitwasthedaybeforetheshow.Itwastimeforthedressrehearsal.Iwasexcited.EverythingwentsmoothlyatthedressrehearsaluntilthescenewhereIslippedontheiceandtheScroogehelpedmeup.WhenIkissedhishand,aterriblenoiseandlaughtersoundedfrombehindtheset.Iquicklyleftthestageandhurriedintoanemptyroom.Withtears,Isaid,“Ican’tdoit.Pleasegetsomeoneelse!”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式作答。Suddenly,Ifeltagentlehandonmyshoulder.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ThefollowingThanksgivingday,wewerereadyfortheplay.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page1919页，共=sectionpages1010页参考答案：1．B2．B3．D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了在灾难时有帮助的几款应用程序。1．细节理解题。根据SirenGPSMobile下列第二段中“ButitalsoworksonWi-Fiifcellphonenetworksaredownafteranemergency.(但如果紧急情况下手机网络中断，它也可以在Wi-Fi上运行。)”可知，选项B“如果你的手机网络坏了，它就没用了。”不是SirenGPSMobile应用程序的特点。故选B项。2．细节理解题。根据Life360下列第一段中“TheLife360appprovidesaservicetokeepthelovedonesconnected.(Life360应用程序提供了一种让亲人保持联系的服务。)”可知，如果你有Life360应用程序，你能和你社交圈里的人保持联系。故选B项。3．推理判断题。根据FirstAidbyAmericanRedCross下列段落中“Theappcanalsohelpwithinformationtohelpplanfordroughts,floods,stormsandmore.(该应用程序还可以提供信息，有助于对干旱、洪水、风暴等做出计划。)”可知，如果你想提前获得灾难的信息，最好的选择是FirstAidbyAmericanRedCross。故选D项。4．A5．C6．D7．B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要描写四川汶川大地震的情况。4．细节理解题。根据第一段“Peopletherespentasecondnightsleepingoutsideintherain.”（那里的人们在雨中度过了第二个晚上。）可知，地震后的绵阳是在下雨。故选A。5．细节理解题。根据第二段“RescueteamsbroughtpeopletoMianyang'sstadiumforfoodandshelter.”（救援队将人们带到绵阳体育馆，寻找食物和住所。）可知，一些灾民被送到了体育馆。故选C。6．细节理解题。根据第二段“Beichuan(北川)”，“Juyuan(聚源)”以及“Mianyang(绵阳)”可知，只有D项“Pingwu(平武)”未提及。故选D。7．主旨大意题。根据第一段“AgreatearthquakehappenedinsouthwesternChinaonMay12,2008,killingthousandsofpeople.ThequakestruckWenchuanandotherpartsofSichuanProvinceinthemiddleoftheafternoonandanumberofschoolbuildings,shopsandhomesweredestroyed.”（2008年5月12日，中国西南部发生大地震，数千人死亡。地震于下午三点左右袭击了汶川和四川省其他地区，一些校舍、商店和房屋被毁。）可知，这篇文章主要描写四川汶川大地震的情况。故选B。8．B9．C10．D11．A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了香港最严重的一次台风——“玫瑰”，及其给香港造成的损失和伤害。8．细节理解题。根据第二段“ItbegantorainearlyonthemorningofMonday,August16th,1971.Atteno’clockinthemorning,TyphoonRosewasstill130milesawaybutalreadythewindwasblowingpeople’sumbrellasaway.Thewindbecamestrongerandstronger.(1971年8月16日，星期一，清晨开始下雨。上午十点，台风玫瑰仍在130英里外，但风已经把人们的雨伞吹走了。风越来越大了)”可知，台风玫瑰在八月的一天登录香港，即在夏天的一天。故选B项。9．推理判断题。根据第二段“Thetyphoonshelters(避风港)weresoonfullofboats.Shipsthatweretoobigtogoinsidethesheltersputdownmoreanchors(锚).Someverybigshipswentouttosea.Itissaferforabigshiptobeatseainatyphoonbecausethenitcannotbeblownontorocks.(避风港很快就挤满了船只。那些太大而无法进入避风港的船会放下更多的锚。一些非常大的船出海。大船在台风中出海更安全，因为这样它就不会被吹到岩石上)”并结合常识可推知，小船体积小，重量轻，所以台风来时，停在避风港更安全。故选C项。10．细节理解题。根据最后一段“InTyphoonRose,morethanonehundredpeopledied.(在台风玫瑰中，一百多人死亡)”可知，有超过100人死亡。故选D项。11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“RoseisaprettynamebuttherewasnothingprettyaboutTyphoonRose.ItwastheworsttyphoontohitHongKonginmorethanthirtyyears.(玫瑰是一个美丽的名字，但台风玫瑰一点也不美丽。这是三十多年来袭击香港最严重的台风)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了香港三十多年来最严重的台风“玫瑰”，所以“台风玫瑰”可以作为文章标题。故选A项。12．A13．C14．C15．D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了龙卷风的形成，特点及遇到龙卷风时应采取的措施。12．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Whatexactlycausesatornado?(究竟是什么导致了龙卷风)”可知，本段主要讲述龙卷风的形成原因。故选A。13．词句猜测题。根据第三段“ViolenttornadoesintheF4andF5gradessometimeslastmorethananhour(F4和F5级的猛烈龙卷风有时持续一个多小时)”以及“oftendestroyingeverythingforhundredsofmils(常常摧毁数百公里内一切)”可知，此处F4及F5级龙卷风很猛烈，持续时间长，能摧毁数百公里内的一切，因此，它的破坏力是非常巨大的，所以划线单词的含义可以推断是“巨大的”。故选C。14．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Remember,thebestwaytostaysafeduringatornadoistofindshelterinthebasement(地下室)ofastrongbuilding,avoidingwindows.Expertswarnagainsttryingtoescapeatornadoinacar.(记住,在龙卷风中保持安全的最好方法是找到住所在地下室强大的建筑,远离窗口。专家警告说，不要试图乘坐汽车逃离龙卷风)”可知，面对龙卷风时，专家建议到地下室去，远离窗口，不要乘坐汽车。故选C。15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ifthefirstthreemonthsofthisyearareanyindication,therearemoretornadoestocome(如果今年前三个月有什么预兆的话，那就是更多的龙卷风即将来临)”可知，今年前三个月，会有更多地龙卷风来临。故选D。16．C17．A18．F19．E20．B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述了地震发生时应该怎么做。16．根据空前一句“Butdon’tworrybecausemostaresoweakthattheycannotbefelt.(但不用担心，因为大多数地震都很微弱，感觉不到)”可知，大部分地震是小地震，没什么伤害，C项“只有少数大地震会伤害到人。”承接前文，与前面形成对比。故选C项。17．根据空后“Youcouldgetinjuredfromfallingglassorpartsofbuildings.(你可能会因为掉落的玻璃或建筑物的一部分而受伤)”可知，如果在外面会因为掉落的建筑物而受伤，所以空处应是建议A项“不要去室外。”故选A项。18．空前两句“Orstayinacornerofthebuilding.Coveryourfaceandheadwithyourarmsandcoveryourmouthwithatowelorclothing.(或者躲在大楼的角落里。用胳膊遮住脸和头，用毛巾或衣服遮住嘴)”讲述地震发生时在室内要采取的措施，F项“在晃动停止并确认外出安全后，方可离开室内”承接前文，符合语境，故选F项。19．根据空前一句“Alsokeepawayfromafire.(也要远离火源)”可知，此处讲述地震发生时要远离火，E项“你可能跌倒，被火烧伤。”符合语境，故选E项。20．根据空前一句“Trynottostopbypowerlinesortrees.(尽量不要停留在电线或或树木旁边)”可知，B项“这些可能掉落下来伤到你”讲述原因，故选B项。21．D22．A23．C24．B25．A26．D27．A28．C29．D30．B31．A32．C33．B34．D35．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者所生活的城市遭受了地震，很多人的无私援助让作者感到温暖，而一些受灾群众的举动也让作者感到这个城市会有光明的未来。21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我别无选择，只能步行回家，因为所有的交通都因为地震而停运了。A.life生活；B.business生意；C.rescue救援；D.traffic交通。根据“Ihadnochoicebuttowalkhome”可知，地震使得交通瘫痪，作者只能步行回家，故选D。22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在回家的路上，我注意到一位面包店的老太太在免费分发面包，这让我感到很温暖。A.noticed注意到；B.missed想念；C.ignored忽视；D.told告诉。下文“anoldladyatabakeryshopgivingoutfreebread”是作者在回家的路上看到的暖心一幕，故选A。23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.kind善良的；B.broken破碎的；C.warm温暖的；D.empty空的。根据语境，地震后老太太免费分发面包的一幕让作者感到很温暖，故选C。24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一名男子举着一块牌子，上面写着：“请用我们的卫生间。”A.hotel酒店；B.toilet卫生间；C.hospital医院；D.car轿车。根据下文“thebathroom”可知此处指“卫生间”，故选B。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他打开家门让人们使用卫生间。A.opening打开、开放；B.selling销售；C.repairing修理；D.building建造。根据“hishouseforpeopletogotothebathroom.”可知，他打开家门让人们使用卫生间，故选A。26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友想帮助别人，他冒着严寒站在那里，举着一个牌子：“如果你没有车，我很乐意开车送你回家”。A.buy买；B.care在乎；C.matter要紧；D.have有。根据“I'llbegladtodriveyouhome.”可知，他主动提出开车送没有车的人回家，故选D。27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在没有足够的汽油，许多加油站要么关闭，要么排很长的队。A.gas汽油；B.information信息；C.food食物；D.water水。根据下文“gasstations”可知此处指汽油供应不足，故选A。28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.direct直接的；B.fine好的；C.long长的；D.thin瘦的。根据语境和常识，由于汽油供应不足，加油需要排很长的队，故选C。29．考查介词短语辨析。句意：最后，轮到我的时候，那个人笑着说：“由于这场大地震，我们每人只提供价值30美元的汽油，可以么？”A.Exceptfor除了；B.Togetherwith和、与……一起；C.Insteadof而不是；D.Becauseof由于。根据语境，地震是造成汽油供应不足的原因，故选D。30．考查固定短语辨析。句意：当然（可以）。A.Notatall没关系；B.Ofcourse当然；C.Noway不可能；D.Nevermind不客气。根据“It'snicethatweareallabletoshare”可知，作者同意工作人员的说法，故选B。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在紧急避难中心，我看到一个人在别人给他送食物时哭了。A.crying哭；B.eating吃；C.smiling微笑；D.singing歌唱。根据下文“afterhecleanedupthetears”可知，他感动得哭了，故选A。32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他擦干眼泪后，他接下来的话让我吃惊。A.ways方法；B.roles角色；C.words话语；D.promises承诺。下文引号里的内容是那个人说的话，故选C。33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激我们有食物吃。但在我们隔壁的城市里，人们根本没有收到任何食物。请也去那个避难中心（送食物）。A.sure确定的；B.grateful感激的；C.surprised惊讶的；D.proud骄傲的。根据语境和常识，在地震后得到食物应该是非常感激的，故选B。34．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.bought买；B.wasted浪费；C.prepared准备；D.received收到。根据转折连词But及下文“Pleasegotothatcentreaswell.”可知，隔壁城市的受灾群众根本没有收到任何食物，故选D。35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：听到这些，我相信在这个城市有一个光明的未来。A.disaster灾难；B.chance机会；C.city城市；D.centre中心。根据文章开头“thecitywasinruins”可知，作者相信在这个城市有一个光明的未来，故选C。36．But37．shocked38．an39．injured40．torescue41．weretrapped42．whose43．Slowly44．to45．wisdom【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了二十世纪发生在中国的唐山大地震；其中包括震前的征兆；地震发生的具体时间；地震造成的破坏程度以及伤亡人数；地震的救援情况等。36．考查连词。句意：老鼠，鸡和猪变得紧张。但是人们没有意识到一场致命的地震即将来临。前后内容是转折关系，应用but，句首单词首字母要大写。故填But。37．考查时态。句意：摧毁这座城市的地震震惊了人们。描述过去发生的事件，用一般过去时，故填shocked。38．考查冠词。句意：似乎世界末日就要来了。结合句意表示“结束”短语为cometoanend。故填an。39．考查时态语态。句意：三分之二的人死亡或受伤。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据空前were可知为一般过去时的被动语态，故填injured。40．考查非谓语动词。句意：地震发生后不久，士兵们被派去营救人们。分析句子结构可知rescue在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处不定式作目的状语，故填torescue。41．考查时态语态。句意：他们挖出了被困的人，埋葬了死者。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语与先行词those保持一致，用复数。故填weretrapped。42．考查定语从句。句意：工作人员为家园被毁的幸存者建造庇护所。此处为定语从句修饰先行词survivors，在从句中作定语，故填whose。43．考查副词。句意：慢慢地城市开始恢复生机。修饰后文整个句子应用副词slowly，作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Slowly。44．考查介词。句意：这座城市向中国和世界证明了人们必须团结起来，展示智慧，保持乐观，重建美好的未来。结合句意表示“向……证明”短语为proveto。故填to。45．考查名词。句意：这座城市向中国和世界证明了人们必须团结起来，展示智慧，保持乐观，重建美好的未来。此处作宾语，表示“智慧”应用名词wisdom，表抽象概念，不可数。故填wisdom。46．DearGeorge,I’mwritingtoinviteyoutoattendalectureabout“Howtosurviveanearthquake”,whichwillbeheldinourschoolhallnextMonday.Therelevantdetailsareasfollows.Tobeginwith,anearthquakevideowillbepresented,makingusknowthehorribleresultofanearthquake.Thenthespecialistwillgiveus