北京市2019年高考冲刺卷(十)英语试题

2019年北京市高考英语冲刺卷（十）本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。全卷满分120分，考试用时120分钟。注意事项：答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、年级、班级、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹签字笔填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的准考证号、姓名，在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区”贴好条形码。本次考试所有答题均在答题卡上完成。选择题必须使用2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各小题对应选项涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦除干净后再选涂其它选项。非选择题必须使用标准黑色字迹签字笔书写，要求字体工整、字迹清楚。请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试卷、草稿纸上答题无效。请保持答题卡卡面清洁，不要装订、不要折叠、不要破损。笔试（共三部分120分）

第一部分知识运用（共两节45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AIoftenhelpmymomcookandbakedchickenismyfavoritethingtomake.Oneday，whenmomwassick，Itriedtomakethechickenallbymyself.Iwashedthechickenandputitinapanintheoven」（bake）.Whenthebellrangtotellmethechickenwasdone,Iopenedtheovendoor.Guesswhat?Thechickenwasnotcooked!Istartedtolaugh.Iforgottoturn2theoven!DidyouknowwhatIdidnext?I3(order)pizza.MomwashappyI“cooked”bymyselfandwecouldeatthepizzatogether.BFoodisoneofthemostbasicandimportantdailyneeds.Itgivesusthestrengthandenergyweneed4_(work)andplay.Foodalsoplaysaroleinoursocialinteractions.Whetherwe5(celebrate)importantoccasionsorjustrelaxingwithfriends,eatingisanimportantsocialpastime.Itisalsoanimportantpartofourculture.6aparticularpeopleliketoeatcantellusalot7acountry'sgeography,historyandtraditions.CGoingtomuseumshasbecomeatrendythingtododuringtheholidaysinChina.ApopularchoicethisSpringFestivalwasthePalaceMuseum,8aspecialexhibitionwasstagedtoprovideavirtualroyalexperienceforvisitors.Theentiremuseum9(decorate)withnewly-restoredancientroyallanternsandspringcouplets,includingasetoftheChinesecharacter“Fu"10(write)byfiveQingDynastyemperors.第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Thefirsttime10-year-oldJordieRowlandcameintothebarbershop,itwasadisaster.Jordie,whohasautism(自闭症),___11___withhisparentstorunoutsidethemomentheenteredtheshop.Iendedup___12___aroundtheshopwithhimthatday.Igotinafewcuts___13___stoppedthehaircutwhenIsawJordiewas___14___.Cuttinghaircanbe___15___forsomechildrenwithautism.Jordiewasnodifferent.IfeltI'd___16___anditmademe___17___tolearnmoreaboutautismsoIcouldconnectwithhimandtakeawayhis___18___.Afterthefirst___19___haircut,IsuggestedtoJordie'sparentstheybringhimbackeverytwoweeksatclosingtime.Thatwentonforafewmonths.Hishairwaslong.Icould___20___cutitproperly.I'dgetacoupleofcutsin,andthenhe'djustgocrazy.Thatwasareallyofcutsin,andthenhe'djustgocrazy.Thatwasareally___21___time.ButIknewwehadtojustkeepgoing.Ievenwenttohishousetogiveitatry.No___22___.Thentheownerofthebarbershop___23___meforallowingacustomertocomeinafterclosingtime.Discouraged,I___24___thatjob,andsoonopenedmyownshop.Everytwoweeks,Jordiewould___25___myshopafteritwasclosed.Thislastedabouteightmonths.Afewweeksago,wemade___26___.Isang“TheWheelsontheBus”tohim.Ididn'tknowhewas___27___nurseryrhymes（儿歌）.Iwasjusttryingto___28___him.Helookedatmeasifheweremesmerized（迷住）.Igavehimafullhaircutforthefirsttime.Irealizedourslow,two-yearefforthad___29___.Twoweekslater,Jordieletmedoitagain.Ioftendon'tchargethemthecostofthehaircut.MaybethereasonIdosomethinglikethisistoincreasemy__30___ofthekidslikehim.11.A.struggledB.agreedC.talkedD.played12.A.jumpingB.walkingC.seeingD.rushing13.A.beforeB.orC.soD.but14.A.curiousB.nervousC.excitedD.surprised15.A.painfulB.pleasantC.interestingD.harmful16.A.finishedB.changedC.failedD.tried17.A.refuseB.wantC.manageD.regret18.A.excitementB.sadnessC.fearD.shame19.A.unusualB.uncertainC.unbelievableD.unsuccessful20.A.everB.stillC.neverD.often21.A.hardB.quietC.shortD.great22.A.funB.problemC.patienceD.luck23.A.punishedB.praisedC.thankedD.excused24.A.tookB.leftC.keptD.offered25.A.lookforB.shutupC.comebyD.passby26.A.progressB.moneyC.decisionsD.differences27.A.againstB.overC.withD.into28.A.orderBconfuseC.calmD.wake29.A.gonebackB.paidoffC.runoutD.turnedup30.A.expectationsB.trustC.requirementsD.understanding第二部分阅读理解（共两节40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASatrosphereScienceCentreAtSatrosphere，Scotland'sfirstscienceanddiscoverycentre，weengageourvisitorswithhands-onexhibits，livescienceshowsanddemonstrations，tohelpthemexploreanddiscovermoreabouttheworld．AvisittoSatrospherewillnotonlyinspirethescientistwithin，butentertainthewholefamily．ScienceinaSportsKitExplorethescienceyoufindinsportskits!Seethedifferencetechnologyhasmadetosportingequipmentandtheimpactthishashadonsportingperformance；discoverhowyourjointsworkandwhyit'simportanttowarmupandstretchyourmuscles；findoutwhatittakestobeahighperformanceathlete．PlanetariumShow“BacktotheMoonforGood”asksifthehumanracewillreturntothemoonbylookingattheGoogleLunarCC.getaspecialgiftD.meetafamousathleteCC.getaspecialgiftD.meetafamousathleteXPRIZE．Thischallengesteamstobuildrobotstoperformalunarlandingwithoutgovernmentfunding．Absorbyourselfinthenewspaceracethat'susheringinaneweraoflunarexploration!CelebrateSTEMBirthdayPartiesWehostbirthdaypartieseverydayoftheweek．Partiesincludeaworkshop，livesciencedemonstrations，timetoexploretheexhibitionfloor，partyfoodandapartybagforeveryguest，plusaspecialgiftforthebirthdaychild．HowtofindusSatrosphereisa10-minutewalkfromAberdeenCity．Freeparkingisavailable.Thenumber15busstopsoutside．179ConstitutionStreet丨Aberdeen丨AB245TUT：01224640340E：info@W：PricesAdult：£5.75,Child：£4.50,under4sarefreeWhicheventwillavisitorattendtolearnmoreabouthisbody?ScienceinaSportsKitB.PlanetariumShowC.GoogleLunarXPRIZED.CelebrateSTEMBirthdayPartiesIfyourbirthdaypartyisheldatthecenter,youwill.enjoylivescienceshowsB.getapartybag33．Whichofthefollowingistrue?A．SatrospereisEngland'sfirstscienceanddiscoverycentre．B．Avisitorcanperforma1andonmoonatPlanetariumShow．C．AvisitorcantakeabustoSatrophereScienceCenter．D．ThestudentsinhighschoolsarefreetoSatrophere．BWhenourdaughter,Sandy,belongedtotheSt.MarkEvangelicalLutheranGirlPioneersinsixthgrade,theleadersthoughtitwouldbeniceifthegirlsmadepineconewreaths（花环）fortheirfamiliesasChristmasgifts.Sothegroupgatheredpinecones,puttheminwaterandboughtwirewreathframesandadhesive（黏合剂）toholdeverythinginplace.AfewdaysbeforeChristmas,theyandtheirleadersdeliveredthefinishedhandiwork.Throughtheyears,weproudlyhungupherwreatheachChristmas.In1986,thewreathwashangingonourdoorasusualwhenthetemperatureonChristmasDayreached80degrees.Theadhesivebegantobreakdownandthepineconesstartedfallingalloverourfrontporch.Wetookthewreathdown,planningtorepairit,andgatheredupthepinecones.Thatspring,asmyhusband,Don,wasweedingtheflowerbedinfrontofourhouse,hewassurprisedtodiscoverasmallevergreenplant.Wedecidedtoleaveitalone.Thedeterminedtreekeptgrowing,makingitrightthroughthelongwinter.Whenitgottoobigfortheflowerbedwemovedittothebackofourlot.Asthetreegrew,sodidourfamily,includingfourgrandchildren.Onedaythemenfromtheelectriccompanycametotrim（修剪）ourtrees.Oneofthemsaiditwasashamethatsomedayourniceevergreenwouldhavetobecutdown.Wejustcouldn'tletthathappentoourfaithful—ifaccidental—Christmastree.Wedecidedtomoveitagain,thistimetoSandyandherhusbandJoel'snewhouseinthecountry.MyhusbandhelpedJoeldigtheevergreenout.Itwasn'treadytoletgowithoutafight.Finally,fivehourslater,thetreecameloose.TheywrappedtherootsasbestastheycouldandputthewholethinginJoel'struck.Afteranhour'sdrivetheyplantedthetree.I'mhappytoreportthatourbraveevergreenisstillgrowing,nowproducingpineconesofitsown.

WhatwasaChristmastraditionforthefamily?Makingdisheswithpinecones.MakingwreathstogetherwithSandy.HangingSandy'shandiworkonthedoor.D.DecoratingtheChristmastreetogether.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?Whatthegoodolddayswerelike.Howthefamilytookcareofthewreaths.WhattheirattitudetowardChristmaswas.Howthefamily"treasure"cameintobeing.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inParagraph3mean?Cuttingdowntheevergreen.C.Theman'sjudgingthefamily.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?Cuttingdowntheevergreen.C.Theman'sjudgingthefamily.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?MyfamilytraditionC.AbelovedChristmastreeLeavingtheevergreenalone.D.Havingtheevergreentrimmedagain.Mydaughter'sgrowthD.AspecialpineconewreathCLikemanyotherpeoplewhospeakmorethanonelanguage,IoftenhavethesensethatI'maslightlydifferentpersonineachofmylanguages—moreconfidentinEnglish,morerelaxedinFrench,moreemotionalinCzech.Isitpossiblethat,alongwiththesedifferences,mymoralcompass（指南针）alsopointsinsomewhatdifferentdirectionsdependingonthelanguageI'musingatthetime?Psychologistswhostudymoraljudgmentshavebecomeveryinterestedinthisquestion.Thefindingsofseveralrecentstudiessuggestthatwhenpeoplearefacedwithmoraldilemmas（困境）,theydoindeedresponddifferentlywhenconsideringtheminaforeignlanguagethanwhenusingtheirnativetongue.Ina2014paperledbyAlbertCosta,volunteerswerepresentedwithamoraldilemmaknownasthe“trolleyproblem”:imaginethatarunawaytrolleyismovingquicklytowardagroupoffivepeoplestandingonthetracks,unabletomove.Youarenexttoaswitchthatcanmovethetrolleytoadifferentsetoftracks,thereforesparingthefivepeople,butresultinginthedeathofonewhoisstandingonthesidetracks.Doyoupulltheswitch?Mostpeopleagreethattheywould.Butwhatiftheonlywaytostopthetrolleyisbypushingalargestrangeroffafootbridgeintoitspath?Peopletendtobeveryhesitanttosaytheywoulddothis,eventhoughinbothsituations,onepersonissacrificedtosavefive.ButCostaandhiscolleaguesfoundthatpresentingthedilemmainalanguagethatvolunteershadlearnedasaforeigntonguedramaticallyincreasedtheirstatedwillingnesstopushthesacrificialpersonoffthefootbridge,fromfewerthan20%ofrespondentsworkingintheirnativelanguagetoabout50%ofthoseusingtheforeignone.Whydoesitmatterwhetherwejudgemoralityinournativelanguageoraforeignone?Accordingtooneexplanation,suchjudgmentsinvolvetwoseparateandcompetingwaysofthinking—oneofthese,aquick,natural“feeling,"andtheother,carefuldeliberationaboutthegreatestgoodforthegreatestnumber.Whenweuseaforeignlanguage,weunconsciouslysinkintothemorecarefulwaysimplybecausetheeffortofoperatinginournon-nativelanguagesignalsourcognitive（认知的）systemtopreparefordifficultactivity.Analternativeexplanationisthatdifferencesarisebetweennativeandforeigntonguesbecauseourchildhoodlanguagesarefilledwithgreateremotionsthanarethoselearnedinmoreacademicsettings.Asaresult,moraljudgmentsmadeinaforeignlanguagearelessfilledwiththeemotionalreactionsthatsurfacewhenweusealanguagelearnedinchildhood.There'sstrongevidencethatmemoryconnectsalanguagewiththeexperiencesandinteractionsthroughwhichthatlanguagewaslearned.Forexample,peoplewhoarebilingual（双语的）aremorelikelytorecallanexperienceifremindedinthelanguageinwhichthateventoccurred.Ourchildhoodlanguages,learnedinthemiddleofpassionateemotion,becomefilledwithdeepfeeling.Bycomparison,languagesacquiredlateinlife,especiallyiftheyarelearnedthroughlimitedinteractionsintheclassroomordullydeliveredovercomputerscreensandheadphones,enterourmindslackingtheemotionalitythatispresentfortheirnativespeakers.Whatdoes“thisquestion”inParagraph2referto?A.Whatcontributestoone'slanguageimprovements?Isitnecessarytolearnmorethanoneforeignlanguage?Doesthelanguageoneusesinfluenceone'smoraljudgments?D.Howdopeopledealwithmoraldilemmasinaforeignlanguage?Whenthe“trolleyproblem”waspresentedinaforeignlanguage,volunteersweremorelikelytocarelessaboutthefivepeoplepulltheswitchtothesidetracksremainhesitantaboutwhattodosacrificethestrangeronthefootbridgeTheunderlinedwordinParagraph5isclosestinmeaningto.considerationB.guidanceC.selectionD.arrangementWhatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?Bilingualpeoplearelessemotionalthanothers.Nativelanguagelearninginvolvesgreateremotions.Childhoodmemorieslimitforeignlanguagelearning.Academicsettingspromoteforeignlanguagelearning.DWetalkcontinuouslyabouthowtomakechildrenmore“resilient（有恢复力的）”,butwhateverwe'redoing,it'snotworking.Ratesofanxietydisordersanddepressionarerisingrapidlyamongteenagers.Whatarewedoingwrong?NassimTalebinventedtheword“antifragile”andusedittodescribeasmallbutveryimportantclassofsystemsthatgainfromshocks,challenges,anddisorder.Theimmune（免疫的）systemisoneofthem:itrequiresexposuretocertainkindsofbacteriaandpotentialallergens（过敏原）inchildhoodinordertodeveloptoitsfullability.Children'ssocialandemotionalabilitiesareasantifragileastheirimmunesystems.Ifweoverprotectkidsandkeepthem“safe”fromunpleasantsocialsituationsandnegativeemotions,wedeprive（剥夺）themofthechallengesandopportunitiesforskill-buildingtheyneedtogrowstrong.Suchchildrenarelikelytosuffermorewhenexposedlatertootherunpleasantbutordinarylifeevents,suchasteasingandsocialrejection.It'snotthekids'fault.IntheUK,asintheUS,parentsbecamemuchmorefearfulinthe1980sand1990sascableTVandlatertheInternetexposedeveryone,moreandmore,tothoserareoccurrencesofcrimesandaccidentsthatnowoccurlessandless.Outdoorplayandindependentmobilitywentdown;screentimeandadult-monitoredactivitieswentup.Yetfreeplayinwhichkidsworkouttheirownrulesofengagement,takesmallrisks,andlearntomastersmalldangersturnsouttobevitalforthedevelopmentofadultsocialandevenphysicalcompetence.Deprivingthemoffreeplaypreventstheirsocial-emotionalgrowth.NorwegianplayresearchersEllenSandseterandLeifKennairwarned:“Wemayobserveanincreasedanxietyormentaldisordersinsocietyifchildrenareforbiddenfromparticipatinginageadequateriskyplay.”Theywrotethosewordsin2011.Overthefollowingfewyears,theirpredictioncametrue.Kidsbornafter1994aresufferingfrommuchhigherratesofanxietydisordersanddepressionthandidthepreviousgeneration.Besides,thereisalsoariseintherateatwhichteenagegirlsareadmittedtohospitalfordeliberatelyharmingthemselves.Whatcanwedotochangethesetrends?Howcanweraisekidsstrongenoughtohandletheordinaryandextraordinarychallengesoflife?Wecan'tguaranteethatgivingprimaryschoolchildrenmoreindependencetodaywillbringdowntherateofteenagesuicidetomorrow.Thelinksbetweenchildhoodoverprotectionandteenagementalillnessaresuggestivebutnotclear-cut.Yettherearegoodreasonstosuspectthatbydeprivingournaturallyantifragilekidsofthewiderangeofexperiencestheyneedtobecomestrong,wearesystematicallypreventingtheirgrowth.Weshouldletgo—andletthemgrow.WhydoestheauthormentiontheimmunesysteminParagraph2?Tostressitsimportance.Toanalyzethecauseofanxiety.Toquestionthelatestdiscovery.Tohelpunderstandanewword.Parentsoverprotectchildrenbecause.A.theyareconcernedabouttheirchildren'ssafetytheywanttokeepchildrenfrombeingteasedparent-monitoredactivitiesareamustchildrenarenotindependentenoughAccordingtotheauthor,freeplaycan.A.promotechildren'sresilienceB.strengthenchildren'sfriendshipreducechildren'sriskybehaviordevelopchildren'sleadershipskillsWhichofthefollowingdoestheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Stoptryingtoperfectyourchild.Ittakesgreatcouragetoraisechildren.Preparethechildfortheroad,nottheroadforthechild.Whilewetrytoteachourchildrenallaboutlife,ourchildrenteachuswhatlifeisallabout.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。don't,it'stimetomakeachangenow.Becausewritejustafewparagraphseverydayaboutyourexperiences,hopes,memoriesandfeelings,youwillimmediatelybegintoexperiencebenefitstoyourpersonalgrowthandpotential.Youwillgraduallybecomebetteratexpressingyourself.46However,whenyoubecomelazywithwords,youfinditismoredifficulttodescribefeelings,shareexperiencesandmakeyourselfunderstood.47Asyouwriteaboutmemories,itislikeopeninganoldphotoalbum.Yourpenbeginstoexplorefeelingsanddetailsyouhaveforgottenanddreamsyouhaveleftbehind.Yousuddenlyrememberpeopleyouwouldliketocontactagain.Writingisanactivitythatavoidsdistraction（使人分心的事物）longenoughforyoutoexplorethosewonderfulmomentsofthepast.Sometimestheyarefrightening.48Writingaboutdailyexperiencesandfeelingsprovidesarecordedhistorythatwillinfluencehowyoumakefuturedecisions.49Theylearnedfromwhathadhappenedbefore.Yourhistoryisimportant.Don'tletitbeforgotten.Writingremindsyouofyourdreamsandkeepsyoumovingtowardthem.Itisameansofkeepingtrackofyourpurposeandthegoalsthatwillleadyoutoachievethem.50Itshowswhenyouhavebeendistractedandmayneedtogiveallyourattentionagaintoyourwriting.Writingalittleeverydaycouldprovidethematerialthatsomedaybecomesapublishedbook.WhenIwroteaboutmydepressionandmyfour-year-oldgranddaughterwhogotlostinthemountains,Ineverdreameditwouldbeinabook.Youwillrememberthingslongforgotten.Writingkeepsyouenergeticandfullofimaginationallthetime.Sometimestheyarewonderfulandalmostalwaystheyarehelpful.Soonerorlater,youaresurelytobecomeagreatprofessionalwriter.Reviewingwhatyouhavewrittenisaperfectwaytoseeyourprogress.There'sareasonthatthegreatestleadersinhistorywerestudentsofhistory.Whenyouwritedaily,youcanalwaysbeamazedathowquicklyyourwritingskillsimprove.第三部分书面表达（共两节35分）第一节（15分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的美国笔友Jim对中华传统文化很感兴趣，经常与你讨论这方面的话题最近你参加了一次相关活动，请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：介绍这次活动；说明参加的理由；表达参加后的感受。注意：1.词数不少于50；2.邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,Yours,LiHua第二节（20分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序,写一篇英文周记,记录你在上周末爸爸出差期间，为家里拼搭花架的经历。注意：词数不少