上海高考英语知识点汇总

英语英语上海高考英语知识点汇总，考试终于不用发愁啦小优寄语Astheproverbgoesfailureisthemotherofsuccess.Therefore,wehavetocopewithalargevarietyoftough.Onlyinthiswaycanwemakeselfbecomemoreandmorepowerful.正如谚语所说，失败是成功之母，因此，我们必须应对各种各样的困难，只有这样我们才能使自己变得越来越强大。高考考前知识清单语法部分冠词：能在300字左右的文章中，理解，辨析应填入的部分为不定冠词，定冠词。一般语法部分会考一个冠词题目。——后为一名词，且后面部分句子结构完整。3．此空格技巧为填不出单词的情况去分析有无特指。代词：能在整篇文章中去分析句子中缺少相应的指代词。.一般考察对象为形容词性物主代词。.前后有相应的提示词，如him,人名等。It句型的考察，一般考察强调句，以及it指代前文单词。形容词：能在句子中进行分析，通过前后句子辨别空格为比较级或者最高级。考察最高级一般____前有the.比较级的考察要注意前后两个句子的中文意思。And,or等词前后一致。后面有than提醒。副词：能在文章中去理解此空格需要一个副词。一般位于句首，句末。副词修饰句子，副词，句子。句末副词修饰前文中有一定距离的动词。情态动词：能在300字的文章中，分析出作者的感情色彩。能对文章中作者语气的揣测。（想了解更多教育资讯，马上点标题下方蓝字关注。每日与您不见不散！）一般前面为主语，后面为动词，后者副词加动词。Couldhavedone,shouldhavedone等的考察。Haveto等加强语气的掌握。非谓语动词现在分词：能对高考常见固定搭配的再现。现在分词作伴随状语的运用。表示主动，后置定语的运用。做主语的掌握。.分词作状语句型为：——，———（动词原形）。.后置定语考察一般为：主语为人，单个单词放后面表示主动。.句子开头为动词时，装换为ing放句首做主语。.高考常见接ing的搭配总结：admit承认advise建议allow允许appreciate感激avoid避免consider考虑delay推迟deny否认discuss讨论dislike不喜欢enjoy喜爱escape逃脱excuse原谅fancy设想finish完成forbid禁止forgive原谅giveup放弃imagine想像keep保持mention提及mind介意miss没赶上pardon原谅permit允许practise练习prevent阻止prohibit禁止putoff推迟report报告risk冒险stop停止suggest建议understand理解endup结束devoteto致力于过去分词：能在短文中去分析，理解，辨认出过去分词作被动的用法。能在文章中理解过去分词的一些固定搭配。考察一般为___前面主语为物，后面接过去分词表示被动意义过去分词还表示完成意义。常见的固定搭配：Havesthdone、Makesthdone、Letsthdone、Needsthdone不定式：能在文章中再现不定式的搭配。能在文章中去理解不定式做主语的用法。能在文章中对不定式表示将来的掌握。不定式放句首做主语。一般用ing形式代替。不定式放在名词，代词后面表示将来要完成的动作。不定式放在动词后面表示目的。接不定式做宾语的常见搭配：affordtodosth.负担得起做某事agreetodosth.同意做某事arrangetodosth.安排做某事asktodosth.要求做某事begtodosth.请求做某事caretodosth.想要做某事choosetodosth.决定做某事decidetodosth.决定做某事demandtodosth.要求做某事determinetodosth.决心做某expecttodosth.期待做某事feartodosth.害怕做某事helptodosth.帮助做某事hopetodosth.希望做某事learntodosth.学习做某事managetodosth.设法做某事offertodosth.主动提出做某plantodosth.计划做某事preparetodosth.准备做某事pretendtodosth.假装做某事promisetodosth.答应做某事refusetodosth.拒绝做某事wanttodosth.想要做某事wishtodosth.希望做某事aimtodosth.打算做某事failtodosth.未能做某事longtodosth.渴望做某事happentodosth.碰巧做某事hesitatetodosth.犹豫做某事struggletodosth.努力做某事时态.现在完成时考察通常有recently,nowadays等时间词。.过去完成时的考察，主要是在从句中，主句为过去时，从句动作发生在主句之前，应用过去完成时。在主将从现的句子中，出现before,after,assoonas,when等被动语态：能在300字的文章中理解被动意义。1.一般后面有by+主语。2.句子的主语为物，且无生命。3.容易与过去分词表被动混淆。固定搭配：能再现高考考纲中的一些常见的固定搭配。固定搭配的考察一般后面有介词出现。语感读出来的固定搭配。常考的固定搭配：举例：（具体见考纲后面单词）havetheabilitytodosth.有能力做某事aboveallbeabsorbedintake，・・intoaccountinadvanceadduptoafterallallthewayaskforsth介词：考察介词最基本的意义。考察介词引起的固定搭配。基本意义如：off表示关。On表示开。固定词组见考纲。如：atthespeedof连词简单连词：考察作者前后句之间的衔接所需要的关系。一般后面的句子为完整的句子。技巧为：翻译前后两个句子，理解前后两个句子的语义。有些固定句型：Itis+时间段+beforeNotuntil2复杂连词：对两个单词引起的复杂连词的再现。1.常见的两个，三个单词引起的复杂连词.IncaseofNomatterwhatAsifAsthoughEventhoughEvenifBecauseofNotonlybutalsoAswellasNotbutNosoonerthanHardlywhenSothatAslongasAccordingtoNeithernorBothandEitheror从句定语从句通常前面为名词或者物。若人为who,若物为which宾语从句通常前面为动词或者介词。有时还考察whom.同位语从句前面一半有thefact,等表示笼统概念的词语。表语从句前面为is/21。，后面通常填that.状语从句时间状语从句的运用1.通常从句子的时态去判断。2.固定句型如主将从现。3.分析两个句子之间的动作顺序。条件状语从句1.经常考察if,unless,assoonas等单词。2.条件状语从句中时态的运用。会结合现在时，过去完成时一起考察。强调句：强调句固定句型的记忆Itis+强调的部分+that/who虚拟语气：考察虚拟语气与名词性从句的结合。虚拟语气省略。一些固定单词虚拟语气运用。.常见的接shoulddo的单词：Suggest,advice,request,order,Insist,ask,determine,commond,Demand,desire,intend,Recommend,require.Were,should,等提前。其他1.With,without引起的独立主格。1.Without表示没有。2.经常的搭配：With+名词短语。2.倒装：全部倒装、部分倒装全部倒装的：1.副词here开头2.Therebe句型3.谓语动词为come,go,be.4.副词now,then.部分倒装：Only,so开头频度状语，地点状语，时间状语开头。So,neither句型。祝愿句型。Therebe句型较简单。词汇前缀1.十一选十的文章中对词性的判断。1.常见的前缀：anti-==againstauto-==self;personallyco-==togetherdis-==不、无、相反dis-==取消、除去、毁dis-==加在含有“分开”、“否定”等意义的单词前，作加强意义dis-==分开、离、散dis-==有时作di-,en-==表示“置于..之中”、“登上…”、“使上..."en-==makeorcausetobe,“使成某种状态”、“致使…”、“使之如…”、“作成…"en-=='用…来做某事'、“饰以…”、“配以…"en-==家在动词之前，表示“in”，或只作加强意义il-==（用在l之前）不、无、非il-==（用在l之前）加强或引伸意义im-==（用在b,p,m之前）intoim-==（用在b,p,m之前）不、无、非im-==（用在b,p,m之前）加强意义，或表示“使成…”、“饰以…”、“加以…"in-==不、无、非in-==内、入in-==加强意义，或表示“使…”、“作…”inter-==在…之间、…之际inter-==相互mis-==wrong;wrongly;unfavorablemulti-==manynon-==非non-==不non-==无out-==夕卜、出out-==胜过、超过out-==过度、太甚out-==除去over-==过度、太甚over-==在上、在外、从上、越过over-==颠倒、反转post-==afterpre-==前pre-==预先re-==回、向后re-==再、重复、重新re-==相反、反对sub-==下sub-==次、亚、准sub-==稍、略、微sub-==副、分支、下级sub-==接近sub-==更进一层、再sub-==用于化学名词，表示化合物成分含量少的super-==超super-==上super-==过度、过多tele-=远距离的，远的un-==相反动作、取消、除去un-==不un-==无un-==非un-==未un-==由…中弄出后缀1.十一选十中对后缀的判断，以确定空格处填的单词词性。1.名词后缀：-ability,-ibility表”能，性质”-al.n.==theactionof,thepersonof表动作，人，事物-an,-ian,-arian表各种年龄，派别，主义，职业的人-ee.n.==onewhoreceives表动作的承受者-er/-ar/-ur/-eer/-ier.n.==doer;devicefor-hood.n.==condition;state表身份，状况，性质-ion/ation.n.==actionof;processof-ism.n.==doctrine;belief表示主义，行为，学，派-ist.n.==1)believerin.2)expertof从事……工作的人-ityn.==表行为，性质，状态(想了解更多教育资讯，马上点标题下方蓝字关注。每日与您不见不散！)-ty.n.==conditionofbeing-ment.n.==1)resultof.2)agencyof.3)stateof表行为，状态，性质-ness.n.==conditionorqualityofbeing表状态，性质-logy/-ology.n.==studyof-ship.n.==stateof表状态，状况，身份，技艺，技能-sion,-ssion.n.==-ure.n.==1)actorfactof.2)resultofbeing动词后缀env.==使变成-fy.v.==make;reinforce使成…，使…化-ize.v.==makeorcausetobecome以・••方式对待，•一化realize实现形容词后缀able.a.==inclinedtobe;likelytobedone可的，能的-al.a.==inclinedtobe;connectedwith;pertainingto具有性质的-ant,-ent.a.==表“…的”-ful.a.==fullof-ic/ical.a.==relatingto;resembling-ish.a.==havingthequalityof-ive.a.==inclinedto;havingthequalityof有…性质的，有…作用的-less.a.==without没有的-like.a.==havingthequalityof有性质的，像的-lya.==如的，有特性的-ous/-ious.a.havingthequalityof-some.a.==fullof-warda.==-y.a.==fullof充满，包含副词后缀lyad.==-ward,-wardsad.==表方向其他ing.a.==havingthequalityof-ed.［过去分词作定语］==1)filledwith;havingthecharacteristicsof.2)doneby翻译常考题型1.动名词，不定式做主语、形式主语的句型2.形式宾语：心里的词语+it+adj+todosth3.成语翻译：直译、意译4.倒装句翻译：部分倒装5.从句翻译：定语从句、宾语从句6.固定句型与搭配的考察7.强调句的翻译8.同位语从句翻译9.非限制性定语从句翻译高考翻译常考句型一览表：1.Asisknown(tousall),・・・2.Itseemsthatsb./sth....3.It(so)happenedthatsb./sth….4.Thereseemstobe...5.It(suddenly)occurredtosbthat…6.Itissaid/reportedthatsb./sth….7.Itisnogood/usedoing…8.Itishardtoimagine/say/believe…9.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.10.When/Wheneveritcomestosb./sth/doingsth,...11.It(still)remainsaquestionwhether...12.Itmattersalot/littlewhether/who/how...13.Youmakeitaruletodo/that.14.keep/bearsthinmind15.takesth.forgranted16.seetosth.17.Iwouldappreciateit(verymuch)ifyoucoulddosth.18.Itwon'tbelongbefore・・・19.Itisuptosb.todosth.20.Itwas+强调部分+that・・・21.not・・・until直至1」才22.Thefirsttime+从句・・・23.nosooner…than/hardly…when24.n./adj./adv.+as/though+S+V25.However/Nomatterhow+adj./adv.+S+V,…26.Themore…themore…27.Thereisno/notmuchpointindoing・・・28.Chancesarethat・・・可能29.since/nowthat既然30.Itis/hasbeensometimesince…(过去式)31.Thosewho…32.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohaspassedtheexam33.倒装①全部倒装②部分倒装Only+状语(短语/从句)34.祈使句，and/or+陈述句35.not…but•…36.Wordcamethat・・・37.Thereasonwhy/for^was/isthat…38.Whatimpressed/struckusmostwasthat^Whatmatters(tosb.)isthat…39.Withthedevelopment/improvement/rise/increase/advance/helpof…40.Contrarytoone’swish/expectation/whatpeople(had)expected/thought41.cannot/never・・・too/can't…enough---怎样也不过分---42.notnecessarily未必---43.take…intoconsideration/account作文开头开头常见模板：.表达观点型：Thediscussionabout__isaverycontroversialone.Thosewhocriticize(/oppose/objectto/areagainst)contend(/argue/hold)that,butpeoplewhoadvocate(/favor/arefor),ontheotherhand,maintain(/assert/claim)that.Fromthepersonalperspective,Imaintain(/hold/believe)that.赞同不赞同型：Whenitrefersto,thediscussionofthisissueamongindividualsandinsocietyasawholehascomeintovogueduringthelastdecade.Itiscommonlyacceptedthat;however,Idisagreewiththestatement.Imaintain(/hold/believe)that.(Ipartlyapprovethisclaimandthereareseveralreasonsandinstanceasfollowssupportingmyview.)优点缺点型：Justafewyearsago,theideaofseemedfar-reachingformostChinese.Now,however,weareallawarethateverythinghastwosides.isnoexceptioninitsdevelopment.Withtheadvertandpopularityof,itsadvantagesanddisadvantageshavebeenasubjectofdiscussion.4.讨论双方观点型：_nowplayssuchanimportantroleinsomanypeople’slivesthatitisessentialforustotrytodecidewhetheritisablessingoracurse.People’sopinionsaredivergentonsuchacomplexandcontroversialtopic.Advocatesmaintainthat.Opponents,ontheotherhand,contend(argue/insist)that.Obviously,bothsideshaveover-simplifiedthisissue.Actually,itsvaluetopeopleandsocietydependsonhowitisused.解决方案型：Accordingtoa(n)survey(/investigation/analysis/statistics/report)released(/conducted/made)by,thereisagrowing(/increasing/declining)numberofwho(/which).Tobespecific,.(Whatamazesusmostisthat.)Amongcountlessfactorswhichdirectlyandindirectlyinfluence,thereareseveralconspicuousaspectsasfollows.结尾：对常见的结尾段落的再现。1、表达观点型：Weighingtheprosandconsof,Istronglycommittothenotionthat,notonlybecause,butalsobecause.2、优点缺点型：Tosumup,thekeypointishowtomakegooduseofitspositiveaspectsandavoiditsnegativepoints.Whiletakingadvantageof,wemusttrytofindwaystoreduceitsdisadvantages,namely,,toaminimum.3、讨论双方观点型：Inanycase,whethertheultimateeffectofisbeneficialordetrimental,onethingiscertainthatinitselfisneithergoodnorbad.Itistheusestowhichitisputthatdetermineitsvaluetosociety.(Weighingthetwosides,bothargumentsseemtobereasonable,afterall.)4、解决方案型：Topromote(/suppress/cultivate/popularize/curb/enhance/rootup)theissueinquestion,thepublicattention(/morestress/moreemphasis)shouldbeplaced(/put/focused)upontwoproposals(/moves/measures/solutions):.正文对正文段落的topicsentences和supportingsentences的运用。正文段落模板：Themainreasonformypropensitytoisthat.Whatismore,.Movingontowiderthemes,Iagreewiththestatementthatwithoutreservationsforthereasonthat.Naturally,.Itcanbegivenaconcreteexamplethat.AnotherequallyessentialfactorwhyIadvocateinvolvestherealmof.Noonecandenythat.Obviously,itisimperativethat.Meanwhile,arecentsurvey(/atypicalexample)willmakethispointclearandacceptable;.However,weshouldconcedethatdispi