2023年全国中学生英语能力竞赛决赛高一组模拟题2

PAGEPAGE42023年全国中学生英语能力竞赛〔NEPCS〕决赛高一年级组模拟试题二〔总分：150分答题时间：120分钟〕听力局部〔共三大题，记30分〕略笔试局部〔共七大题，计120分〕Ⅰ.KnowledgeandUsage(知识与用法)〔共20小题；26-35每题0.5分，36-45每题1分计15分〕(A)PleasecompletethefollowingsentenceswithonewordforeachblankbyusingtheChineseorEnglishhintsgiveninthebrackets.〔请根据括号中所给的汉语提示完成以下句子。〕〔答案写在答题纸上〕26.We(关心,在乎)whathappensinourdreams,evenwhenwhathappensmakesnosense.27.Everythinginmychildhoodcrowdedinmymind(好似,仿佛)theyhadjusthappened.28.Butsomescientistssaythatrecoveringfromthis(灾难)willbeevenmorecomplicated.29.Inaword,weallcanmakeadifferencein(保护)theendangeredspeciesfromextinction.30.TheyareallAmericanheroesand(应该得到)ourthanksandourremembrances.31.Theinternetresourcesshouldbemadeuseofto(makewealthyorricher)ourlife32.Thepeopletheredidnotallowthemto(build)afactorysoasnottopollutethewaterintheriver.33.Helicopters(save)nearly20peoplefromtheroofoftheburningbuildinglastnight.34.Asadlittleboywas(lookingfor)happinessandwantedtomeetGod.35.Somepatients(infact)gotworseafterreceivingthetreatment.(B)PleasecompletethefollowingpassagebychoosingthebestofthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandDintheboxes.〔请从方框中给所的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最正确选项完成下面的短文。〕〔答案涂在答题纸上〕Sallyiseighty-sixyearsold.Shehasnosons36daughters.Herhusbanddiedtenyearsago.Butshedidn’tmoveintoanursinghome.Shewouldliketo37herselfeveryday.Everynightshespendstwohours38kidswithmathfortwentyyears.Allkidsteacherbeforesheretired(thestreet.Andshedoesthesehappily.Whenthekidscomeforhelp,sheisalways41andtriesherbest.Peopleaskedher42.Shesaid,“Iloveit.Itmakesmehappytohelpthem.〞Sheisalwayshappyeverydayandalwayssayshellotopeoplearoundher43“I’vedecidedtoloveeverythingaroundme.SoI’mhappytodo44.I’mthankfulforthosekids45cometomeforhelp.Eachkidismygift.Iloveeachdaytohelpthem.〞shesaid.Really,agooddecisiondecidedonwhatonedoesinlife.36.A.and B.or C.but D.so37.A.looklike B.lookat C.lookafter D.lookfor38.A.helping B.tohelp C.helps D.help39.A. B.is C.hasbeen D.willbe40.A.do B.run C.sweep D.play41.A.awful B.happy C.tired D.boring42.A.why B.where C.when D.how43.A.for B.on C.with D.in44.A.anything B.nothing C.something D.everything45.A.what B.who C.which D.whomⅡCloze(完形填空)(共15小题：每题1分，计15分)A)Pleasereadthefollowingpassageandfillintheblankswiththeproperformsof5wordsoutofthe7givenonesintheboxaccordingtothecontext.(请阅读下面的短文，并根据其内容提示，从方框中所给的7个单词中选出5个，并用其适当的形式填空。)(答案写在答题纸上)domistakeexplainhonestusrefuseMostpeoplehavetroubleadmittingtheirownfaults,thoughthey'remorethanhappytopointouteveryoneelse's.Thiscanbe(41)_________.Afterall,it'susuallywhensomeoneelsetellsusthatwehavedonesomethingwrongthatwelearnsomethingaboutourselves.Whatwehavetodoistakeadeepbreath,andfaceuptowhatwehavedone.Remember,whenitcomestounderstanding(42),we'renotonourown.Everyoneweknowlendsahelpinghand!Ofcourse,doingthewrongthingiseasy,butit'swhatwedoaboutourmistakesthatcounts.Naturallyweareallgoodat(43)tobelievethatwehavedoneanythingwrongatall.Aswetrytojustifyouractions,our(44)getmoreandmoreComplicated.Wetrytoconvincethelistenerthatwearetellingthetruth,butit'sofnouse.There'snochanceatallthattheywillbelieveus.Andthetruthisthatitisourselveswehavedeceived(蒙骗),notthem.That'stheverypointI'mtryingtomake.Whateveryoudo,don'tgetintothehabitofdeceivingyourself.Whatisdifficultis(45)______admittingthatwearewrongespeciallytoourselves.B)Pleasereadthefollowingpassageandfillineachblankwithonewordinoneofthefollowingthreeways:①basedonthecontext;②usingtheproperformofthegivenwords;③basedonthegivenlettersofthewords.(阅读下面的短文，用以下三种形式之一完成短文填空：①根据上下文填空；②用所给单词的正确形式填空；③根据单词随给首字母填空。每空一词。)(答案写在答题纸上)Adiaryisanindividual'spersonalaccountofhis/herdailyexperiences.Veryoften,diaries(46)con_____notjustdetailsofwhathappenedonparticulardays,butalsoinclude(47)(observe)andthoughtsinspiredbytheeventsrecorded.Itisverylikelythatmanyofyouhavetriedtokeepadiaryatsometimeorotherandequallylikelythatmanyofyou(48)up.eitherbecausekeepingitgoingbecametoomuchofachoreorbecauseyoufeltthatwhatyouwererecordingwasoflittleinterest.(49)H,othersamongyoumaystillbekeepingaregularaccountofyouractivitiesinadiaryformanddiscoveringthevalueofbeingableto(50)exyourprivatethoughtsandfeelings,knowingthattheyarenotintendedtobesharedwithanyoneelse.Althoughsomepeople,suchaspoliticians,keepdiariesinordertoexplainandjustifytheir(51)______(contribute)toimportanteventsandwiththeintentionthattheirdiarieswillonedaybepublished,notalldiariesare(52)________(write)forthispurpose.Mostpeoplekeepdiariesforprecisely(恰恰)the(53)op_____reasontheywantwhattheywritetobekept(54)______andtobeseenbytheireyesonlybecausetheyusetheirdiariesasanopportunitytoexpresstheirmostintimate(秘密的)thoughtsandfeelingsabouttheir(55)expandthepeopletheymeet.III.ReadingComprehension(阅读理解)〔共20小题，56-60每题1分，61-75每题2分计35分〕Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestions.Pleaserespondtothequestionsaccordingtotherequirementsgivenattheendofeachquestion.(阅读以下短文，每篇短文后设有假设干问题，请根据短文后的要求答复以下问题)〔56-58小题大案涂在答题纸上，59-75小题答案写在答题纸上)AIfyouasksomeonewhyheorshewearsclothes,theanswerwillprobablybe"Tokeepwarmandtocovermybody."Thesearethebasicreasonsclothesareworn,butpeoplealsowanttolookattractiveandappearsuccessfultoothers!Ifpeopleonlyworeclothesforwarmthandtocovertheirbodies,mostclothingwouldbesimpleandcheap.InmostWesterncountries,however,clothingissometimesveryexpensive.Themainreasonforthisisnotthecostofthefabric(布料)orthecostofmakingtheclothes.Theclothesareexpensivebecauseoffashion.Successfulbusinessmen,forexample,oftenwearveryexpensivesuits,shirtsandties.Sometimestheypaythousandsofdollarsforasuitandhundredsofdollarsforatie.It'sstilljustasuitandtiebuttheypaythesepricesbecauseofthefamousnameofthedesigner.Asuitcostingmuchlesswouldbejustaswarmandwouldcoverthewearer'sbodyjustaswell.Fashionisconstantly(不断地)changing,whichmeansthatpeoplewhowanttobefashionablehavetobuynewclotheseveryfewmonths,eveniflastmonth'sclotheshaveonlybeenwornonceortwice.Somepeoplehavewardrobes(衣柜)fullofclothesthathavehardlybeenwornbutarenolongerinfashion.Beingfashionable,therefore,canbeaveryexpensivepastime!Questions56-58:ChoosethebestanswerfromA,B,CandDaccordingtothepassage.56.Whydopeoplewearclothes?A.Onlytocoverthemselves.B.Justtomakethemselvesattractive.C.Justbecauseoffashion.D.Foravarietyofreasons.57.Successfulbusinessmenbuyveryexpensivesuitsbecauseofthe________.A.costofthefabricB.famousnameofthedesignerC.costofmakingthemD.goodpackages58.Accordingtothepassage,fashionablepeoplehaveto________.A.weartheirclothesonlyonceB.buynewclothesregularlyC.wearlastmonth'sclothesD.buynewClothesonceortwiceQuestions59-60:Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)accordingtothepassage.59.Successfulbusinessmenpaythousandsofdollarsforatie.60.Someclothesarenolongerinfashionthoughtheyhavehardlybeenworn.BThere'retwomainthingsthatmakeaircraftengineeringdifficult:theneedtomakeeverypartasreliable(可靠的)aspossibleandtheneedtobuildeverythingaslightaspossible.〔61〕_____________________Givenacertainpowerofengineandacertainfuelconsumption(消耗),thereisapracticallimittothetotalweightoftheaircraftthatcanbemadetofly.(62)Sothestructureoftheaircrafthastobeassmallandlightassafetyandefficiency(效能)willallow.Thedesignermustcalculate(计算)thenormalload(负荷thateachpartwillbear.Thisspecialistiscalledthe"stressman".Hetakesaccountofanyunusualstressthatmaybeputonthepart.Thestressman'scalculationsgotothedesignerofthepart,andhemustmakeitasstrongasthestressmansaysisnecessary.(63)Eachseparatepartistested,thenawholeassembly(装配)--forexample,acompletewing,andfinallythewholeaeroplane.Whenanewtypeofaeroplaneisbeingmade.normallyonlyoneofthefirstthreemadewillbeflown.Twowillbedestroyedonthegroundinstructuraltests.(64)______________(65)Thefirstistofindtheresistance(阻力)toloadingofthewings,tail,etc.untiltheyreachtheirlargestamountofloadandcollapse(崩溃).Theothertestisforfatigue(疲乏)strength.Whenaplanehaspassedallthetestsitcangetagovernmentcertificate(证书)ofairworthiness,withoutwhichitisillegaltofly,exceptfortestflying.Questions61-65:ChoosefromthesentencesA-Gtocompletethepassage.Therearetwoextrasentenceswhichyoudonotneedtouse.A,Twokindsofgroundstrengthtestsarecarriedout.B.Oneortwosamplesarealwaystestedtoprovethattheyareasstrongasthedesignerintended.C.Eachmaybewellunderwhatthestructurecouldstandasasingleload,butmanyrepetitionscanresultincollapse.D.Thethirdonewillbetestedintheair.E.Makingtheworkingpartsreliableisasdifficultasmakingthestructurestrongenough:F.Thefactthatanaeroplaneisupintheairandcannotstopifanythinggoeswrong,makesitperhapsamatteroflifeordeaththatitsperformanceiscompletelydependable.G.Outofthatweightasmuchaspossibleiswantedforfuel,radionavigationalinstruments(导航设备),passengerseats,orfreight(货物)room,and,ofcourse,thepassengersorfreightthemselves.CAuctions(拍卖)arepublicsalesofgoods,conductedbyanofficiallyapprovedauctioneer.Heasksthecrowdassembledintheauction-roomtomakeoffers,or"bids",forthevariousitemsonsale.Heencouragesbuyerstobidhigherfigures,andfinallynamesthehighestbidderasthebuyerofthegoods.Thisiscalled"knockingdown"thegoods,forthebiddingendswhentheauctioneerbangsasmallhammeronatableatwhichhestands.TheancientRomansprobablyinventedsalesbyauction,andtheEnglishwordcomesfromtheLatin"auctio",meaning"increase".TheRomansusuallysoldinthiswaythespoils(战利品])takeninwar;thesesaleswerecalled"subhasta",meaning"underthespear",aspearbeingstuckinthegroundasasignalforacrowdtogather.InEnglandinthe18thand19thcenturiesgoodswereoftensold"bythecandle":ashortcandlewaslitbytheauctioneer,andbidscouldbemadewhileitstayedalight.Theauctioneer'sservicesarepaidforintheformofapercentageofthepricethegoodsaresoldfor.Theauctioneerthereforehasadirectinterestinpushingupthebiddingashighaspossible.Theauctioneermustknowfairlyaccuratelythecurrentmarketvaluesofthegoodsheisselling,andheshouldbeacquaintedwith(了解)regularbuyersofsuchgoods.Hewillalsoplayontherivalries〔竞争〕amonghisbuyersandsucceedingettingahighpricebyencouragingtwobusinesscompetitorstobidagainsteachother.Questions66-70:Answerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothepassage.66.Whomareauctionsconductedby?67.Whyistheendofthebiddingcalled"knockingdown"?68.WherediditemstheRomansusedtosellbyauctioncomefrom?69.Whatistheuseofacandleburnedatauctionsales?70.Howaretheauctioneer'sservicespaidfor?DAmericanssmokesixthousandmillioncigarettesevery-year(1970figures).Thisisroughlytheequivalent(相当于)of4,195cigarettesayearforeverypersoninthecountryof18yearsofageormore.Itisestimated(估计)that51%ofAmericanmensmokecomparedwith34%ofAmericanwomen.Cigarettesmokingisbelievedbymostresearchworkersinthisfieldtobeanimportantfactorinthedevelopmentofcancerofthelungsandcancerofthethroat.Somecompetentphysiciansandresearchworkers--thoughtheirsmallnumberisdwindling(减少)evenfurther--arelesssureoftheeffectofcigarettesmokingonhealth.Theyconsidertheincreaseinrespiratory(呼吸道)diseasesandvariousformsofcancermaypossiblybeexplainedbyotherfactorsinthecomplexhumanenvironment.Gradually,however,researchisisolating(使隔离)allotherpossiblefactorsandprovingthemtobestatisticallyirrelevant.Whilealltobaccosmokingaffectslifeexpectancyandhealth,cigarettesmokingappearstohaveamuchgreatereffectthancigarorpipesmoking.Filtersandlowtar(焦油)tobaccoareclaimedtomakesmokingtosomeextentsafer,buttheycanonlymarginally(略微)reduce,noteliminate(消除),thehazards(危险).Questions71-75:Pleasecompletethesummaryofthepassageabovewithonlyonewordforeachblank.NearlyhalftheadultpopulationoftheU.S.A.aresmokers,in(71)ofthefactthatmedicalresearchhasshownbeyondreasonabledoubtthatsmokingisassociatedwithpoorhealth.Onevery(72)_____diseasewithwhichsmokingisthoughttobe(73),iscancer.However,afewdoctorsthinksuchthingsasbronchitis(支气管炎)andcancerhaveother(74)_____,buttheirviewisnotwell-supportedstatistically.Althoughallformsofsmokingarealmostcertainly(75)________,cigarettesappeartobethemostharmful.IV.Translation〔翻译〕〔共5小题；每题2分，计10分〕PleasetranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChineseorEnglish,usingthehintsgiveninthebrackets.〔用括号中给出的提示将以下句子译成英语或汉语。〕76.Aninformalletterusuallybeginswithacasualandfriendlygreeting.77.WhenIheldfasttomydreams,evenduringthetoughtimes,thewondersreallybegantohappen.78.太多的垃圾已经把美丽的城市变成了一个大垃圾箱。(o)79.学生们轮流着照看这个老人，赢得了广泛的赞誉。(taketurns)80.如果你想考入一所好大学的话，你就应该在学习上付出大量的时间和努力。(o)V.Errorcorrection(短文改错〕〔共10小题；每题1分，计10分〕Correcttheerrorsinthepassageaccordingtothefollowingrequirements.First,youhavetodecidewhetherthereisanerrorornotinthelinewhichisnumbered.Ifthereisnoerror,putthesign"N/''inthecorrespondinglineontheright;Ifthereisanerror,correctitinthefollowingway:foranunnecessaryword,crossouttheunnecessarywordwiththesign"\"andputthewordwiththesign"\"inthelineontheright;foramissingword,markthepositionofthemissingwordwiththesign"/~"andwritethewordyoubelievetobemissinginthelineontheright;forawrongword,underlinethewrongwordandwritethecorrectoneinthelineontheright.Notes:Donotmakeanycorrectionifthereisnoerrorintheline.ExampleOneofmyfavoritewritersareCharlotteBronte.Shewasbornintheearlynineteenthiscenturywhenwomenhadfarfeweropportunities∧theyhavenow.ShelivedinathansmallvillageinYorkshireandshetookgreatpleasureinwalkingonthemoorswherewherenearherhome.FirefighterswerecalledoutlastnighttoaTauntonhotelwhichcatchingfireataroundmidnight.Itappearedthatthefirehadbrokenonthefirstfloorandspreadrapidthroughoutthebuilding.Unfortunatelyitcoincided(同时发生)withgale-forcewindswhichfuelledtheflames.Althoughtheyhavenoadvancewarning,theguestswereabletogetoutofandthehotelmanagerfelttheyhadhadanar