2023届高考英语二轮复习：语法专题主谓一致课件 15张

主谓一致

shuang一、概念：句子的谓语动词形式要和主语在人称和数上保持一致。

三大原则：1.语法一致原则：看形式，主单谓单，主复谓复2.就近一致原则：看距离，谓语动词形式取决于离它最近的名词或代词3.意义一致原则:看思想，意单谓单，意复谓复什么叫主谓一致？由not...but...(不是...而是...),notonly...butalso...(不仅...而且...)，either...or...（要么...要么...),neither....nor....（既不...也不...)连接的并列主语，以及therebe结构，通常用就近原则，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于离它最近的名词。eg:NeitherhenorIamfromCanada.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherknowssomethingaboutit.Oneortwodaysareenoughtofinishthisgrammar.一、就近原则1.EitheryouorI

(be)wrongEitherIoryou

wrong.2.Thee

(be)abookandsomepensonthedesk.There

(be)somepensandabookonthedesk.3.Notonlyyoubutalsohe

(be)toblame.Bothyouandhe

toblame.4.NotnolyIbutalsoJaneandMary

(be)tiredofhavingoneexamafteranother.5.NeithrInormymother

toAmericabefore.A.hasbeen B.hasgone C.havebeen D.havegonehave/hasbeento去过某地（人已回来）have/hasgoneto去了某地（人未回来）一起做题吧！一、就近原则A+like（像，例如）/aswellas（也，和）+B+谓语动词的形式与A保持一致besides/inadditionto/but/except（除了）with/alongwith/togetherwith（和，一起）

ratherthan（而不是）including（包括）二、就远原则有题有真相：1.Everyone

exceptTomandJohnwas(be)therewhenthemeetingbegan.2.Dr.Smith,

togetherwithhiswifeanddaughter,is(be)goingtovisitBeijingthissummer.3.LiMing

aswellashisfriendsknows(know)thefact.三、谓语动词只能用单数的情况1.“名词+and+名词”表示同一人，同一概念几人几冠Awriterandeducatorisgivingalecturenow.

Awriterandaneducatorare...Warandpeaceisaconstantthemeinhistory.

英汉英汉ironandsteel钢铁breadandbutter黄油面包warandpeace战争与和平acartandhorse一辆马车earlytobedandearlytorisegoingtobedearlyandgettingupearly早睡早起ateacherandwriter一个老师兼作家2.and连接的两个名词前有manya,each,every,no修饰时。eg.(Eachmanand

eachwoman)hastheright权利tovote投票.

每一个人

EverydoctorandeverynursewasgivenanewT-shirt.Manyaboyandmanyagirlhasmadethesamemistake.(Novoiceandnonoise）

isheard.3.形单意复

manya许多+C单

morethanone不止一个+C单1.Eithersideofthestreet

sometrees.A.isplanted B.isplanting C.areplanted D.areplanting2.sidesofthestreetareplantedsometrees.A.Either B.Neither C.Both D.All3.Morethanone

thebook.A.student,hasread B.students,hasreadC.student,haveread D.students,haveread4.Morethantwo

thebook.A.student,hasread B.students,hasreadC.student,haveread D.students,haveread1.Theteacherandwriter

(be)fromHunan.2.Theteacherandthewriter

(be)fromHunan.对比一下吧！脑子不用会生锈的！4.复合不定代词、不定式、动名词、从句作主语时谓语动词只能用单数。Note:what从句作主语时，谓语的单复数由表语决定。eg:Nothing

isimpossible.一切皆有可能！

Tobeacollegestudentismydream.成为一名大学生是我的梦想。

Walking

isagoodwayofexercise.走路是一种锻炼的好方式。

（Whathesaid）hasbeenrecorded.他所说的已经被记录下来了。WhatIwantisaninterestingbook.Whathewantsaretwointerestingbooks.(be)

5.以-ics结尾的学科名词作主语时谓语动词只能用单数，如mathematics(数学)，physics(物理),politics(政治).eg:Ithinkmathematicsisnoteasytolearn.

6.等式作主语时eg:9*2=1840÷8=5等于：is/equals/isequalto/makes三、谓语动词只能用单数的情况

7.当作主语的时间、重量、长度、价值的复数名词作为一个整体时。eg:Oneandahalfhours

is

enoughformetofinishEnglishpaper.

一个半小时onehourandahalf

300¥isenoughforthenewcoat.Twentymilesisalongway.三、谓语动词只能用单数的情况1.both...and...“两者都”作主语时Bothhismotherandhisfatheraredoctors.Notonlyhismotherbutalsohisfather

isdoctor.2.“the+姓氏复数”表“...一家人”“...夫妇”作主语时TheSmithsarehavingsuppernow.3.“the+adj”表“一类人”作主语时,如：theold老人，theyoung年轻人，thesick病人TheoldaretakengoodcareofinChina.takecareof照顾takecare小心，注意注意:the+adj表示抽象概念时，谓v用单数：

Theoldissuretoberepalcedbythenew.旧事物一定会被新事物所代替。

四、谓语动词只能用复数的情况1.集合名词

五、其他

集体名词强调整体单数强调个体成员复数常见的集体名词：class,family,army（军队）,team,crowd人群,majority（大多数）,minority(少数），

public,group,committee（委员会）等eg:Myfamily

allmusiclovers.Myfamily

fullofloveandwarmth.Class19445

abigfamily.Theclass

listeningtotheteacher.集合名词cattle牛，folk人们，people人们，police警察，youth青年，crew全体船员作主语时，谓v只能用复数。eg:Thepolicearehelpingagirltofindhermother.Cattlearefarmers’friends.oneof+Cpl.+定语从句从句谓语动词用复数theonlyoneof+Cpl.+定语从句从句谓语动词用单数前提条件：先行词在从句中作主语。引导词？that、who、which1.Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe'stheonlyoneofthewomenwho

(wear)eveningdress.2.Those（who

(have)seenthefilm）pleaseputupyourhands.3.Theman（who

(be)standingunderthattree）ismyfather.4.Heisoneofthebest

who

threelanguages.A.student.master B.students,masterC.student,masters D.students,masters5.Heistheonlyoneofthebest

who

threelanguages.A.student.master B.students,masterC.student,masters D.students,masters

四、其他

2.定语从句的谓语动词形式取决于先行词练

习

题

四、其他(这也全部写）3.单复数同形的词作主语，其单复数取决于其修饰词。

eg:Everym