专题检测阅读理解

专题跟踪检测阅读理解之主旨大意题A（2020-江西省重点高中盟校第一次联考）SaraBlakelywascheckinginatanairportlastweekwhenastranger,rushingpast,spottedher,“Thetwobestinventionsofthepast100years:Spanxandwheelsonsuitcases,”thewomanspokeoutacrossthebusyhall.Foryears,managingthecompanyshefoundedinGeorgia,USin2000,whichhasrevolutionizedunderwear,Saraiswellusedtosuchsituation.Sarahascreatedsome200kindsofproductsbeingsoldinmorethan50countries,whichhashelpedSarabecometheworld’syoungestself-madefemalebillionaireatonetime.ThenameSpanx,Saraagreed,isprobablyasresponsibleforthebrand7ssuccessastheproducts,anditcametoherwhenshewassittingintrafficoneday.Thatnight,shewentonlineandregisteredSpanxasatrademark.Sarahasallherbestideasincarsandonplanes.Althoughsheonlylivesfiveminutesawayfromtheoffice,shewilloftenleavehomehalfanhourearlyeverymorning,drivingaroundthecity.Sara’sambitionsincechildhoodhasbeentofollowherfatherintothelaw.ShefailedtheLawSchoolAdmissionTest.ThenshegotherfirstjobatWaltDisneyWorld.Afterthreemonthsthere,shestoppedtosellfaxmachinesdoortodoorforthecompanyDanka.Shedidsuchajobforsevenyears.But,asshesaid,shewouldn’thavebeenabletobuildSpanxwithoutthat.“Ilearnedthat‘no’doesn’talwaysmean‘no’，andthatyoumayget30noesbeforeyougettheoneyes.PeopletoldmenowithSpanxfortwoyearsandIbelieveSpanx’sfutureisbright,”shesaid.Whileshesoldfaxmachinesbyday,atnightshetookpartinlocalamateuropen-miccomedysessions."Ijustwasn’tgettingenoughrejectionduringtheday,soI’dtrytogetabitmoreatnight,”sheoftentoldherteam.语篇解读：美国知名内衣品牌Spanx的创始人SaraBlakely一度是世界上最年轻的白手起家的女性亿万富翁。本文主要介绍了她创建Spanx的经历等。Accordingtothetext,SaraBlakely.istheyoungestfemalebillionaireinventedSpanxandwheelsoncaseslikestogreetstrangersattheairportbroughtgreatchangestoothers7life解析：选D推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Thetwobestinventionsofthepast100years:Spanxandwheelsonsuitcases”"whichhasrevolutionizedunderwear”等信息可推断出，SaraBlakely改变了内衣行业，改变了人们的生活。WhydoesSaraBlakelyleavehomeearlyinthemorning?Tovisitthecity.Tohavearestinthecar.Togetthinkingtime.Togotoworkearly.解析：选C推理判断题。第二段谈到SaraBlakely的很多主意都是在车上和飞机上想出来的，甚至公司的名字也是在车上想出来的，因此，尽管办公室离她家只有5分钟的路程，但她要早早出门，绕着城市开车，目的是给自己一些思考的时间，以便得到灵感。Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that”referto?HersalesexperienceinDanka.B．Theideaofregisteringatrademark.C．Thedreaminherchildhood.D.HerfirstjobatWaltDisneyWorld.解析：选A代词指代题。画线词所在句前面谈到SaraBlakely在Danka公司的工作是上门推销传真机，下文讲到她（销售时）一次次被拒绝的经历帮助了她，由此可知，推销传真机锻炼了她的销售能力，这段经历对她建立Spanx有益，故选A。Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?Spanx:oneofthebestinventionsExploreSpanx:itshistoryandfutureLifelesson:facerejectionbravelyMeetSaraBlakely:thefounderofSpanx解析:选D标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了美国内衣公司Spanx的创始人SaraBlakely的相关情况：她的影响和成就、创建Spanx的灵感来源和早期的工作基础。故D项适合作文章标题。B（2020-广州市高三年级阶段训练）TheSilkRoadisarguablythemostfamouslong-distancetraderouteoftheancientpassageconnectedEuropeintheWestwithChinaintheEast,andallowedtheexchangeofgoods,technology,andideasbetweenthetwomerchantscouldmakehugeprofitstravelingontheroad,iiwasnotwithoutrisk.ThemainSilkRoadstartedinChang’an（knowntodayasXi’an）,theearlyHanDynasty’scommencingtheirjourneyfromthiscitycouldtakeanorthernroutethatwouldtakethemacrossChina’snorthwesternthis,theywouldfacetheGobiDesert,arguablythegreatestdangeroftheSilkRoad.TheGobiDesert,thelargestdesertinAsia,consistsmainlyofrocky,hardfeaturemadeiteasierfortraderstotravelacross,comparedtosandydesertsliketheneighboringTaklimakanotherdeserts,theGobiDesertisdryandhot,andthereforethebiggestchallengetravelersfacedwasobtainingenoughwaterforthemselvesaswellasfortheircamels.So,reststopswerecreatedalongtheroute,allowingtravelerstorest,eatandplacesalsopromotedtheexchangeofgoods,andevenideas,amongstthetravelerswhostopped,thereststopswereplacedwithinaday’sjourneyofeach thisway,travelerscouldavoidspendingtoomuchtimeinthedesert,whichwouldmakethembetargetsforrobbers,anotherdangeroftheSilkRoad.OncethroughtheGobiDesert,travelerswouldcontinuetheirjourneyintoIran,Turkey,andfinallythispartofthejourneymayhavebeenlessdangerous,itisnotentirelywithoutperil.语篇解读：作为古代最出名的商道，丝绸之路让商人们可以获得巨大的利润，但也伴随着种种风险。Theunderlinedword"it”inthefirstparagraphrefersto.A．makinghugeprofitstravelingontheSilkRoadexchanginggoodsandideasconnectingdifferentcivilizations解析：选B代词指代题。本句是一个主从复合句，前半句为让步状语从句，前后形成转折，表示“尽管穿行丝绸之路的商人可以获得高收益，但这也不是没有危险的”，且下文讲到的危险也都与行走在丝绸之路上相关，所以it指代的应该是“行走在丝绸之路上”，古攵选B。WhywastheGobiDeserteasiertocrossthanotherdeserts?A．Thedesert’ssurfacewaseasiertowalkon.B．Camelsfortransportationwereeasiertofind.C．Itwassmallerandcouldbecrossedinlesstime.D．Thereweremorenaturalwatersourcesavailable.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“TheGobiDesert,thelargestdesertinAsia,consistsmainlyofrocky,hardearth.Thisfeaturemadeiteasierfortraderstotravelacross”可知，戈壁滩之所以容易穿越是由于其地面较为坚硬，容易行走，故选A。WhatcanweguessaboutthereststopsintheGobiDesert?A．Theyofferedtravelersfreeaccommodation.Theywerelocatedaroundtheedgesofthedesert.Travelersstayingtherewereoftenattackedbycriminals.Theyweresharedbytravelersfromdifferentcountries.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Theseplacesalsopromotedtheexchangeofgoods,andevenideas,amongstthetravelerswhostoppedthere."可推知，休息处接待来自不同国家的旅客，故选D。Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?TheoriginsoftheSilkRoad.ThebenefitsoftheSilkRoad.ThedifficultiesfacedbySilkRoadtravelers.TheculturalexchangesamongSilkRoadtravelers.解析：选C主旨大意题。根据文章结构可知，作者在第一段给出了中心句“Althoughmerchantscouldmakehugeprofitstravelingontheroad,itwasnotwithoutrisk”，在中间几段讲述了商旅们在戈壁滩上面临的困难以及其他危险，最后一段再次强调即使过了戈壁滩，但还有其他危险等待着他们，故选C。C（2020-南昌市第一次模拟）Everyyear,thebrightestyoungscientistsallovertheglobecometogethertoparticipateintheworld’slargestprecollegesciencecompetition,theIntelInternationalScienceandEngineeringFair（ISEF）.Theydemonstratetheirknowledgeofscienceandengineeringtoimprovethewayweworkandlive.Oneof2019’swinners,KatieLu,foundamethodforremovingoilfromwater.Thisconceptcanalsobeappliedtotheremovalofmicroplasticsfromtheoceanaswell.ThefollowingiswhatKatietoldreporters.MyexperienceatIntelISEFwasamazing!Irememberonjudgingday,walkingintheexhibithallandlookingatthepeoplegatheredoutsidewaitingtogetin.Myteacherturnedtomeandsaid,“That’sthefuturerightthere.”Itwassoamazingtospendtimewithalloftheseparticipantswhoaregoingtodoamazingthingsinthefuture.Myscientificcareerhastaughtmenottofearfailureandnottobeafraidtoaskforhelp.It’sreallyeasytobeoverwhelmed（压垮）anddoubtifwhatyou’redoingisgoingtoworkout,butevenifitdoesn’t,it’sOK!Alwayslookonthebrightside!Afailurenowdoesn’tmeanyou’reafailuremakessuccessfeeldeservedwhenitcomes.Also,askingforhelpisgoodwhenyou’relearnhowtodothingsalotfasterandmoreefficiently.I’mshockedthatsomepeoplearestillskepticalaboutclimatechange.Itisreal,itisdangerousanditisoneofthemostimportantissuesofourgeneration.Reducingcarbonemissionsisn’ta"should”，buta"must”，tocontinuelivingontheplanet.Additionally,peopleareiitreallyworriedabouttheirpersonalimpactontheEarthintermsoflittering,overusingplasticsorwastingwedon’tcurbharmfulhumanactivitiesbeforeit’stoolate,theywillbeproblemsthataffectallhumans,notjustthosewhocontribute.语篇解读：本文主要讲述的是凯蒂参加英特尔国际科学与工程大奖赛的收获，并呼吁人们直面困难与失败;同时凯蒂十分关心环境问题』乎吁人们对有害环境的人类活动多加控制。WhatseemstoconcernKatiemost?Oceanexploration.TheoverpopulationonEarth.Environmentalproblems.Theshortageofnaturalenergy.解析：选C细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I’mshockedthatsomepeoplearestillskepticalaboutclimatechange.Itisreal,itisdangerousanditisoneofthemostimportantissuesofourgeneration.Reducingcarbonemissionsisn’ta'should',buta'must'”及“intermsoflittering,overusingplasticsorwastingresources”可知，凯蒂十分关心二氧化碳的排放、气候变化、舌L扔垃圾、过度使用塑料和浪费资源等问题，由此可知，使凯蒂最忧虑的是环境问题，古攵选C项。WhatcanwelearnfromwhatKatie'steachersaid?NoIntelISEF,nofuture.AlltalentsareattheIntelISEF.Theparticipantswillmakethefutureamazing.D．Katieshouldtrytodobetterthantheotherparticipants.解析:选C推理判断题