宾语从句复习

会计学1宾语从句复习LearningAims1Learnaboutwhattheobjectiveclauseisandthentellwhichsentencesaretheobjectiveclausesfromthepassage.2Graspthethreekeypointsoftheobjectiveclause.3Tobeabletodoallkindsofexercisesabouttheobjectiveclause.第1页/共39页Haveadiscussioningroup1IloveEnglish.2Didyourememberhisname?3Thesewordsareveryeasy.5Itwokeeverybodyup.6Itwaswrongtopullleavesoffplants.7I’llencouragehertoworkharderathislessons.8Whathappenedinourschoolyesterday?第2页/共39页

We

know

him．

We

know

helikesEnglish.主s主s谓v谓v宾o宾o宾语从句就是宾语由一个句子来构成的.主s谓v宾o简单句复合句一

什么是宾语从句？试比较第3页/共39页

宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。了解宾语从句第4页/共39页DoyouknowwhoisthefirstChineseastronaut(宇航员)?Ourteachertoldusthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.

Pleasetellme

whereshehasgone.Idon’tknowifhewillcometonight.Let’sfindoutwhat’sontonight.FindouttheObjectClauses

WeareproudofthatBeijingisoneofthebiggestcitiesintheworld.第5页/共39页Theteacherasked

Iwaslatetoday.Doyoustillremember

hesaidinthemeeting?Doyouknow

theyarewaitingfor?Canyoutellme

countryyouarefrom,AmericaorEngland?Ireallywanttoknow

yourhometownis.Nooneknows

theyopenedthebox.what,which,who,whom,when,why,where,how,whatever,whoever…whywhatwhom/whowhichwherehow第6页/共39页2.由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句。这些连词既有词义又充当句子成份。e.g.1)Doyouknowwhosebookitis?（谁的，作定语）2)Couldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?（为什么，作状语）3)Heaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion.（谁，作主语）注：that在句中无词义，在从句中不能充当句子成分，在口语中往往被省略。e.g.Ihear(that)

hewillbebackinanhour.1.由从属连词that引导的宾语从句二.宾语从句的引导词第7页/共39页3.由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句e.g.Iwanttoknowif/whethersheisright.Theydidn’tknowwhetherTomcouldcomebackornot.if/whether引导宾语从句表示“是否”之义，在句中不充当句子成份。if/whether可互换,但whether…ornot为固定搭配.看一看：Idon’tknowifitwillraintomorrow.Ifitrains,I’llstayathome.Iwanttoknowwhenhewillcomeback.Whenhecomesback,pleasetellme.想一想：when和if可以引导什么从句？它们的时态有什么特点？when和if既可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导状语从句。在宾语从句中，时态根据需要确定；在状语从句中，遵循主将从现的原则。第8页/共39页HelensaysthatshewilllearnFrenchnextyear.

Doyouknowwherehecomesfrom?

HeaskedmeifIcouldgettothebusstationontime.三.宾语从句的语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。第9页/共39页四.宾语从句中时态的变化Ihear(that)Jim

(be)

aworkertwoyearsago.Jim

(be)anEnglishteachernow.

Jim(cook)dinnertomorrow.Jim(sing)apopularsongnow.Jim(be)totheGreatWalltwice.Jim(play)basketballwhenhisfathercameback.Jim

(learn)1000Chinesewordsbytheendoflastsemester.

填一填wasiswillcookissinginghasbeenwasplayinghadlearned1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。（需要性原则）第10页/共39页2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）1)HewillgotoHongKong.2)Heissick.3)Heisreadingabook.4)Hehasfinishedhiswork.1)HetoHongKong.2)Hesick.3)He

abook.4)HeHesaid辨一辨wouldgo

waswasreading

hiswork.hadfinished第11页/共39页确定从句的时态(根据主句时态)主句时态从句时态连接前连接后一般现在时时态保持不变一般过去时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时haddone第12页/共39页3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。（特殊性原则）Hetoldme(that)SummerisafterSpring.Iwastold(that)thesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.

Myparentstoldme(that)nonewsisgoodnews.比一比,想一想第13页/共39页1．could/would是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。注意事项Couldyoupleasetellmewherewe_______ourtickets?(show)Wouldyouliketoknowwhenhe_________back?

(come)showwillcome第14页/共39页引导词陈述句(主+v/主+adj.):

特殊疑问句:

一般疑问句:祈使句:

先____后_____(that)

特殊疑问词如what/where/when/who/howmuch/howmany...

if/whethertell/asksb.(not)todo.主谓语序时态宾语从句

三要素主句为现在时，从句的时态根据_________而定。

主句为过去时，从句的时态用___________时态。实际情况相应的过去第15页/共39页主句时态从句时态一般现在时、一般将来时、祈使句时根据句意的需要用任意一种时态一般过去时与原句相对应的过去的时态客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警句、谚语等一律用一般现在时3.从句的时态必须和主句保持一致。注意：第16页/共39页correctourmistakes第17页/共39页曾老师问他为什么迟到了。MissZengaskedwhywashelateforschool。2.我不知道他昨天做了什么事情。Idon’tknowwhatdidhedoyesterday.3.晏主任问她怎么了。DirectorYanaskedwhatthematterwaswithher.4.何老师说过月亮绕着地球转。MissHesaidthatthemoonmovedroundtheearth第18页/共39页5.我有信心你们明天一定考得好。I’mconfidentthatyouwilldowellintheexamtomorrow.6.他们不确定明天是否转冷。Theyareuncertainthatifitwillturncoldornottomorrow.第19页/共39页1.MissZengaskedwhywashelateforschool.(集英社）语序必须先主语后谓语。主句为过去时，从句的时态用相应的过去时态。2.Idon’tknowwhatdidhedoyesterday.（WarmHome)hewasa.宾语从句的助动词要去掉.

主句为现在时，从句出现yesterday的过去时间，因此从句用过去时。hedid第20页/共39页3.DirectorYanaskedwhatthematterwaswithher.4.MissHesaidthatthemoonwentroundtheearth.whatwasthematterwithhergoes

从句内容为真理时，从句的时态用一般现在时。what在这里既做引导词，也做主语。仍用疑问句语序。who..,whichis…同理。第21页/共39页5.I’mconfidentthatyouwilldowellintheexamtomorrow.whetherb.只能用whether:(1)与

ornot连用(2)不定式前：whether+todo(3)介词

+whether…6.Theyareuncertainthatifitwillturncoldornottomorrow.主语+形容词，宾语从句用that引导.a.宾语从句不能同时用两个引导词。√第22页/共39页AttentionIaskedher__________shehadabike.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.Idon’tknow_________hehasrecoveredornot.Hecan’tdecide

tostay.if/

whetherwhetherwhetherwhether第23页/共39页whetherorif?Letmeknow_______youcancomeornot.Iwonder________Icangetsomeadvicefromyou.Idon’tknow________toacceptorrefuse.whetherwhether/ifwhether第24页/共39页当主句的谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,expect等时，从句的否定要转移到主句中。Idon'tthinksheisright.我认为她不对。我相信他不会通过考试。注意三：否定转移Idon’tbelievehewillpasstheexam.第25页/共39页否定转移在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think，believe,guess,suppose等时，要将从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定式。

eg:(5)Idon’tthinkhewillcomewithyou.

注意：这种句子在其后接附加问句时，要特别小心。

eg:(6)Idon’tbelievehehasfinishedthework,________?(7)HeknewwhyJimwasn’tatschool,___________?

解析：例6，当主句的主语为第一人称时，附加问句的主语由宾语从句的主语充当。例7，如果主句的主语非第一人称时，则附加问句的主语由主句的主语充当。hashedidn’the第26页/共39页1.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_______.A.whoishe

B.whoheis

C.whoisit

D.whoitis2.Canyoumakesure_______thegoldring?A.whereAlicehadput

B.wherehadAliceputC.whereAlicehasput

D.wherehasAliceput

即时练习第27页/共39页1.--Canyoumakesure_______?--Sorry,Ican’t.ButIsawherjustnow.A.wheredidshegoB.whereshehadgoneC.whereshehasgoneD.wherewillshego

2.Iwantedtoknow_________.A.whatdidshesayB.whydoesshegotobedlateC.whyshewenttobedlateD.whyshegoestobedlateCC第28页/共39页3.Heisnotsure_______towatchTVorgotobed.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD./4.Idon’tknow_______hewillcomeornot.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD./BB第29页/共39页5.--Idon’tknowifhe_____toKate’sbirthdayparty.--He’ssuretogoifhe______.A.goes,knowsB.willgo,knowsC.goes,willknowD.go,know6.Sheaskedthedoctor______keephealthy.A.howtoB.howcouldsheC.howshecouldD.howcansheB是否假如A.C宾语从句与特殊疑问词+不定式可互换。第30页/共39页howtodoit与whattodo的区别D

7.--Couldyoutellme_________?--It’snexttothepostoffice.A.wherethesupermarketisB.whereisthesupermarketC.wherewasthesupermarketD.wherethesupermarketwasAcould表示委婉的语气,不是过去时8.Couldyoutellme___________it.A.whatcanIdoB.howcanIdoC.whattodoD.howtodo特殊用法5第31页/共39页Theradiosaysit_________cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey____________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.Ihearthey__________(return)italready.Heaskedwhatthey__________ateightlastnight.(do)Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_______fasterthansound.(travel)Ithinkyou__________abouttherelayracenow.(talk)Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters_________from.(be)

willbe

goes

wereplaying

havereturned

travels

aretalking

were

weredoing第32页/共39页9.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe_______theletter.(write)10.MissWangtoldmethattheearth______(move)roundtheearth.11.Couldyoutellmewho_________awaythebookalready?(take)12.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_______intheeast.(rise)13.Canyoutellmewhatthey______yesterday?(do)

wrote

moves

hastakenrisesdid第33页/共39页将下列句子合并为一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefrien