初中英语中考复习 07-晨读暮省-2021年中考英语考纲核心词汇50天通关之拓展读练测

07晨读暮省-2021年中考英语考纲核心词汇50天通关之拓展读练测（一）词汇晨读入心1.choosev.选择词形变化：过去式chose，过去分词chosen关联词组：choosefrom挑选，从……中选择；choosebetweenAandB在A和B中做出选择；choosetodosth.选择做某事词性转换：choicen.选择：makeachoice做出选择；havenochoice别无选择（2019，江苏卷，短文填空）ForthefirstfewmonthsIchosetoeatinSichuanOrHunanstylerestaurantsinsteadofeatingmuch__16__food.16.A.fresh B.local C.Chinese D.frozen2.collectv.收集，聚集关联词组：collectinformation收集信息；collectstamps集邮词性转换：collectionn.收集，采集；收藏品：acollectionof（收藏的）一些，一批（2019，浙江卷，词汇运用）Whatshedoesiscalled"plogging",fortableadj.令人舒适的；感到舒服的关联词组：makeoneselfcomfortable别拘束，别客气；feelcomfortable感到舒服词性转换：comfortablyadv.舒适地；comfortn.舒适；安慰；v.安慰，使（痛苦）缓和（2019，山东卷，完形填空）RememberthatusuallyChinesepeoplewillnotopenthegiftinfrontofthepersonwhogives____11____.Toshowtherespect,itmaybe____12____toexplainwhatthegiftis.11.A.it B.them C.that12.A.necessary B.careful C.municatev.沟通，交流；交际；传达关联词组：communicatewith与……交流；communicatein(English)用（英语）交流词性转换：communicationn.交流；通信，通讯：internationalcommunication国际交流（2019，北京卷，阅读D）33.Whatisthewriter'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Toquestionaboutthestandardsofinformationstorage.B.Todiscussourproblemsofcommunicationwithmachines.C.Tostresstheimportanceofimprovingourmemorizingability.D.Tparev.比较，对比eq\o\ac(○,1)compareAwithB“比较A和B”，侧重二者的区别eq\o\ac(○,2)compareAtoB“把A比作B”，侧重比喻，比拟，指出二者的相似关系eq\o\ac(○,3)comparedwith/to+名词，“与……相比”，通常放在句首或句子中间，充当状语成分。例如：Comparedwithcars,bikesaremoreenvironmental.与轿车相比，自行车更加环保。词性转换：comparisonn.比较，对比：makeacomparison(betweenAandB)（在A和B之间）做比较；bycomparison比较起来；incomparisonwith…同……比较起来（2019，北京卷，完形）Myplanwasn’ttomakepromisestodothingsIcouldn’t___14___buttoshowmyclasswhyIwantedtobepresident.14.A.compare B.remember C.manage D.petitionn.竞争，比赛关联词组：sportscompetition运动竞赛；fair/unfaircompetition公平/不公平竞争；incompetitionwith同……竞争词性转换：competev.竞争，比赛；competitorn.竞争者，对手；competitiveadj.有竞争力的（2019，山东卷，单项填空）6.TheEnglishSpeechCompetitionthebestinher.Asaresult,sheismoreactivenow.A.checkedout B.triedout C.leftout D.pletev.完成，结束；adj.完成的，完整的作动词：Theworkshouldbecompletedinoneyear.这项工作应该在一年内完成。作形容词：Thisisacompletestory.这是一个完整的故事。词性转换：completionn.完成，结束；completedadj.完成的；completely=totallyadv.完全地，彻底地反义词：incompleteadj.不完全的，不完整的（2019，江苏卷，单项填空）3.-Keepquiet!Ineedcomplete__________whenI'mworking.-Sorry,dad.Iwon'tmakeanynoiseagain.A.trust B.silence C.control D.strength8.conditionn.条件，状况关联词组：ingood/badcondition情况良好/糟糕；onconditionthat…在（某事发生）的条件下用法：当用来表示“天气”、“（居住、工作或做事情的）环境，境况”时，通常使用复数conditions。如：Theplantsgrowbestincool,dampconditions.这种植物最适合在阴凉、潮湿的环境下生长。（2019，浙江卷，阅读D）Carlmadefriendswiththecorrespondents,andgotMillet'sconditionreportedtoEnglandandalloverthecontinent,andAmerica,andeverywhere.9.connectv.连接，把……联系起来eq\o\ac(○,1)connectAwithB表示“把A和B联系起来（或连接在一起）”，A和B之间不分主次；eq\o\ac(○,2)connectAtoB表示“把A连接到B上”，通常以A为主，以B为辅；eq\o\ac(○,3)通常可用and代替介词with或to，变成connectAandB的形式。词性转换：connectionn.关系，连接；connectedadj.有关联的：be(closely)connectedwith与……（紧密）相关（2019，江苏卷，完形）However,afterfallinginlovewiththecity.Icametorealizethatthefoodissoclosely___17___withitslocalculture.17.A.connected B.covered C.compared D.charged10.considerv.考虑，认为关联词组：considerdoingsth.考虑做某事；considersth.as…把某事看作……词性转换：considerationn.考虑：oconsideration=considersth.考虑某事；inconsiderationof…考虑到……，顾及……（2019，江苏卷，阅读D）Infact,Ithinkagardenisareallybadidea.Idon'tknowwhywe'reevenconsideringit.11.continuev.继续eq\o\ac(○,1)continuewithsth.继续做某事，with后面接名词eq\o\ac(○,2)continuedoingsth.继续做某事，指继续做同一件事eq\o\ac(○,3)continuetodosth.继续做某事，指一件事做完后，继续做另一件事比较：Afterdrinkingacupofcoffee,Icontinuedtodomyhomework.（喝咖啡之前我是在做别的事而不是做作业）Afterdrinkingacupofcoffee,Icontinueddoingmyhomework.（喝咖啡之前我在做作业但没做完，喝完以后继续做）同义词：continue=goon（2019，浙江卷，完形）Shetriedtofinishthesong,buttheaudience(观众)begantowhistleandgotangry.Mrs.Chaplincouldnotcontinueanylongerandwalked___7___thestagecrying.7.A.onto B.off C.towards D.around12.correctv.纠正，改正；adj.正确的，对的同义词：rightadj.正确的，对的反义词：wrongadj.错误的；incorrectadj.不正确的词性转换：correctlyadv.错误地；correctnessn.正确性；correctionn.纠正（2019，山东卷，阅读表达）Manypeoplebelievesmartmachinesarenecessarilycorrectandobjective,butmachinesaretrainedthrougharepeatedtestingandscoringprocess.Intheprocess,humanbeingsstilldecideonthecorrectanswers.13.costv.花费，值（多少钱）；n.价格词形变化：过去式cost，过去分词cost关联词组：atthecostof以……为代价；atallcosts不惜任何代价；atanycost无论如何动词用法：表示“花费”的三个动词spend、cost和take的区别：eq\o\ac(○,1)spend的主语必须是“人”，宾语可以是钱，精力，时间等，其后接on(for)+名词或用in(可省)+动名词；eq\o\ac(○,2)cost可用于表示花时间和金钱，其主语一般是“物”或“事”，表示“花费”、“耗费”；eq\o\ac(○,3)take常用于“占用、花费”时间，其主语通常为形式主语“it”或某物。句式是：Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.=Sth.takessb.sometime.（2019，山东卷，单项填空）25.RoyworksinLondon.It_________himabouthalfanhourtogettoworkbybuseveryday.A.costs B.spends C.takes14.createv.创造，创作；造成，产生同义词：produce，make词性转换：creationn.创造，创作；产物，作品；creativeadj.创新的，有创造性的：creativepower创造力；creativethinking创新思维（2019，山东卷，单项填空）24.Aroundtheworld,300milliontonsofplastic_____________eachyear,ofwhichabout10percentendsupinthesea.A.iscreated B.wascreated C.creates15.culturen.文化，文明关联词组：traditionalculture传统文化；westernculture西方文化；localculture本土文化；popularculture流行文化，大众文化；词性转换：culturaladj.文化的，文化上的（2019，浙江卷，词汇填空）40.Moreandmorepeoplehaverealizedtheimportanceofspreadingour_____________(传统的)culture.16.cutv.切，剪，削，割；n.切，割；伤口；理发词形变化：过去式cut，过去分词cut，现在分词cutting动词词组：cutoff切断，中断；cutdown砍到；削减；cutin插嘴，插入；cutup切碎名词词组：powercut停电，供电中断关联单词：shortcutn.捷径；haircutn.理发；发型（2019，山东卷，词形转换）67.Haveyouevercutyourfingerontheedge(边缘)ofabookpage?Thesmallcutonyourfingerisso_____________.(pain)17.dailyadj.每日的，日常的关联词组：dailylife日常生活；dailyuse日用品；onadailybasis按日，每天其它词性：eq\o\ac(○,1)作adv.：daily=everyday每日，每天eq\o\ac(○,2)作n.：表示“日报”：ChinaDaily中国日报（2019，浙江卷，单项填空）9.-Couldyoutellme____________________?-YouwillstaywithanEnglishfamilyandtakepartintheirdailylife.A.whenIshouldpayforthecourse B.whatthebestpartofthecourseisC.howlongtheshortestcourselasts D.whereIcangosightseeingafterclass18.dangerousadj.危险的，有危害的关联词组：dangerousgoods危险物品；dangeroussituation危险处境词性转换：dangern.危险，威胁：indanger处于危险中；endangerv.危及，使遭受危害（2019年，山东卷，单项填空）20.Arecentsurveyshowsthat44percentofAmericanswanttouseself-drivingcars,_________34percentbelievethattheywillmaketheroadsmoredangerous.A.although B.because C.if19.dealv.交易；n.买卖；量，数额动词词组：dealwith…和……做生意；处理，应对名词词组：agood/greatdealof大量；abigdeal大人物，了不起的人/事；makeadealwith同……达成交易（2019年，北京卷，阅读C）Forexample,onthewayhome,focusyourattentionoutsideofyourself,insteadofthinkingabouttheproblemsyouhavetodealwith.20.decidev.决定，下决心关联词组：decideonsth.决定（选定）……；decidetodosth.决定做某事词性转换：decisionn.决定，决心：makeadecision做决定（2019年，北京卷，完形）Twomonthsago,whenourclasselection(选举)started,Idecidedtorunforclasspresident.21.dependv.依靠，依赖；取决于关联词组：dependon/uponsb./sth.依靠/依赖……；取决于……，视……而定用法：在口语中可以用It(all)depends或Thatdepends表示“那得看情况”。词性转换：dependentadj.依赖的（反义词：independent）；dependencen.依赖，依靠（2019年，山东卷，动词应用）Somepeoplemightthinkthattheirmusicisn'tallthatloud.Butthiscandependonwhereyouare.22.diev.死亡，去世词形变化：过去式died，过去分词died，现在分词dying关联词组：dieout灭绝用法：表示死亡的原因，可以使用介词of或者from，二者的大致区别：eq\o\ac(○,1)dieof通常表示死于与身体之上/之内的原因，如疾病，饥饿：dieofcancereq\o\ac(○,2)diefrom通常表示环境等外部因素引起的死亡，如事故：diefromatrafficaccident词性转换：deathn.死亡；deadadj.死亡的，去世的（2019年，山东卷，词形转换）68.Thereareabout6,000'languagesthatarespokenaroundtheworld,but43%ofthemaredyingout.Ifno_________istaken,someoftheselanguageswilldisappear.(act)23.directadj.直接的，直率的；v.指挥，指导；导演（电影）关联词组：adirectflight直飞航班词性转换：directlyadv.直接；directionn.方向；指导；directorn.导演；directiven.侦探反义词：indirectadj.间接的（2019年，重庆卷，短文填空）You’vebeenhereinChinaforafewdays,andyoumaynoticethatChinesepeoplecansometimesbeverydirect.24.dividev.分，划分关联词组：divide…into把……分成；dividesth.between/among…在……之间分配/分享某物用法：表示除法运算时，可以用divideAbyB，如：21dividedby3is7.词性转换：dividedadj.分裂的，分开的；有分歧的；divisionn.分割，划分；除法；部门，分支（2019年，湖北卷，完形）Whathappensifthere’satopicthatyoustilldon’t46understand?You’dbetterhaveawebsiteortwothatyoucan47tosearchasubject.46.A.normally B.gradually C.completely D.politely47.A.imagine B.use C.knock D.divide25.doubtn&v.怀疑，疑虑动词用法：eq\o\ac(○,1)doubt+名词/代词：Idoubthiswords.我怀疑他说的话。eq\o\ac(○,2)否定句和疑问句中，doubt可接that从句：Idon’tdoubtthathecanfinishthetaskontime.我相信他能按时完成任务eq\o\ac(○,3)肯定句中，doubt一般接if/whether从句：Idoubtwhetherhecanfinishthetaskontime.我怀疑他能否按时完成任务。名词用法：Thereisnodoubtthat毋庸置疑；no/without/beyonddoubt无疑地词性转换：doubtfuladj.怀疑的；可疑的（2019年，安徽卷，单项填空）2.Youcanseethe_____inourfaceswhenwetalkaboutthegreatachievementsinthepast70years.A.doubt B.pride C.regret D.ability26.drawv.绘画，绘制；拉，拖；提取（钱）词形变化：过去式drew，过去分词drawn关联词组：drawapicture画一幅画；drawsomemoney取一些钱；drawone’sattention吸引某人的注意词性转换：drawingn.绘画，图画，图纸；drawern.抽屉（2019年，浙江卷，阅读A）Hewantedtodrawapictureofit,buthewasn'tsurehowtospell"dachshund,sohesimplywrote"HotDog".（二）暮省练习巩固一.写出这些单词的汉语意义。

1.cake_________2.came__________

3.capital_________4.careful________

5.certain_________6.chance_________

7.child__________8.choose__________

9.clearly__________10.climb_________

11.close___________12.coin____________

13.collect_________14.company________

15.copy__________16.cost___________

17.cough_________18.could___________

19.cross___________

二.按要求写出下列词汇的变化形式。

1.cake___________（复数形式）2.came_______(第三人称单数形式）

3.careful__________(改为副词)

4.certain_________(改为副词)

5.child____________(复数形式)

6.choose_________(过去式)_________(过去分词)

7.climb___________（现在分词）

8.close_________(现在分词)

9.collect___________(改为名词)

10.company_________(复数形式)

11.cost____________(过去式)___________(过去分词)

12.cough__________(第三人称单数形式)

13.could___________（动词原形）

14.cross___________(现在分词)___________(第三人称单数形式)

三.根据句意，用所给词汇的正确形式填空。

1.Herearetwo_______(cake).Youcaneateitherofthem.

2.Didyou_______(come)toJim’sbirthdayparty?

3.Somecountryhadtwo________(capital).

4.Heisa_________(care)manandhedoeseverythingvery_______(careful).5.I’m_________(certainly)IwillbetherefortheOlympicGamesin2008.

6.Afterschool,many________(child)areplayingintheground.

7.Mr.Smith_________(choose)tobeanengineerafterhegraduatedfromthecollege.

8.Wecanseethehighestbuilding________(clear)inalongdistance.

9._______(climb)thehighmountainisnoteasyforeveryone.

10.Weshould_______(close)thefactorybecauseitpollutedtheriver.

11.Helikes________(collect)andhehasmanykindsof_______(coin).

12.Therearemany________(company)oneachsideofthestreet.

13.Idon’tlikemyfriendwho_______(copy)everythingIdo.

14.Thatcoat________(cost)me2,000yuan.

15.Ihavehadabad_______(cough)and________(cough)dayandnight._______(can)youhelpmedothechores?

四.根据短文意思及首字母，写出合乎句意的单词。

Whenwetalkaboutthefood,wealwaysthinkofthefoodinBeijing,C______(1)ofChina.Therearemanykindsoffavoritefoodsthere.Theyarealldelicious,especiallyc______(2).Ifyouhaveac______(3)toc_______(4)toBeijing.Ithinkyou’rec_______(5)totastethem.

Theworkersusuallyc__________(6)goodmaterialsbeforetheymakethem.Thentheymakethemc__________(7).EachkindofBeijingcakesisoriginalanditdoesn’tc______(8)others.Butthecakesareverycheapandtheycan’tc________(9)youmuchmoney.Someevencostyouafewc_______(10).Manyoldpeopleandc_________(11)likeBeijingCakesverymuch..Soeverymorning,youc________(12)seemanypeoplec_________(13)thestreettobuythem.Someofthemeatthemintherestaurant,otherstakethemawayinapaperbag.C部分参考答案

一.1.蛋糕、糕；2.来；3.省会、首都；4.小心的、细心的；5.确实的、无疑的；6.机会、机遇；7.小孩；8.选择；9.清楚地、明显地；10.攀登、爬；11.关闭；12.钱币、硬币；13.收集、搜集；14.公司；15.复制、抄袭；16.价值、花；17.咳嗽；18.能、会、可以；19.穿过、横过、越过

二.1.cakes;2.comes;3.carefully;4.certainly;5.children;6.chose;chosen;7.climbing;8.closing;9.collection;10.companies;11.cost;cost;12.coughs;13.can;14.crossing;crosses

三.1.cakes;2.come;3.capitals;4.careful;carefully;5.certain;6.children;7.chose;8.clearly;9.Climbing;10.close;11.colleciong;coins;12.companies;13.copies;14.cost;15.cough;cough;Could

四.1.Capital.2.cakes;3.chance;4.come;5.certain;6.choose;7.carefully;8.copy;9.cost;10.coins;11.children;12.could;13.crossingD部分练习

一.写出这些单词的汉语意义。

1.danger__________2.dark___________

3.decision___________

4.discover___________5.door___________

6.dress_____________7.