光伏太阳能专业英语词汇

AC交流电

Alternatingcurrent

Amorphoussiliconsolarcell非晶硅太阳能电池

Thin-filmsolarcellsareusuallyproducedbyevaporatingseveralsemi-conductorfilmsontoaso-called"substrate"

Ampère安培

Unitindicatingthestrengthofelectriccurrent

Assemblingsystem集成系统

Systemtoinstallsolarmodulesonroofs,façadesorinthefield.

Azimuthangle方位角

DescribesthedeviationfromtheSouthtowardsEast-westerndirection

Building-integratedPV(BIPV)

UsedtodescribeastructurewherePVreplacesconventionalmaterialsandisintegratedintothebuilding.Typically,aphotovoltaicarrayisincorporatedintotherooforwallsofabuilding.RooftileswithintegratedPVcellscannowbepurchased.Arrayscanalsoberetrofittedintoexistingbuildings;inthiscasetheyareusuallyfittedontopoftheexistingroofstructure.Alternatively,anarraycanbelocatedseparatelyfromthebuildingbutconnectedbycabletosupplypowerforthebuilding.

By-passdiode旁路二极管

Conductstheelectricityautomaticallypastamoduleincaseitisshadowedinoneseries.Thisissupposedtopreventanydestructionduetooverheating.

Circuit电路

Asystemofconductorsthatconveyelectricity.

CdTesolarcell碲化镉太阳能电池

Thin-filmsolarcellmadeofverythinCdTesemi-conductorfilms(<3microns)

CISsolarcell

Thin-filmsolarcellmadeofseveralfilmsofdifferentlydopedcopper-indium-diselenide

Circuitbreaker断路开关

Asafetydevicethatshutsoffpowerwhenitsensestoomuchcurrent.

Combinerbox和路箱

WheretheelectricalwiringfromthePVmodulesisjoinedtogetherinparalleltocombineelectricalcurrents.

Conductor导体

Amaterialthatisusedtoconveyelectricity,i.e.wires.

Conversionefficiency转换效率

Thepercentageofelectricitythatiscreatedbyasolarcellascomparedtotheamountofenergyneededtogeneratethatelectricity.

Current电流

Theflowofelectricitybetweentwopoints.Measuredinamps.

DC直流电

Directcurrent

Energeticamortizationperiod能量偿还期

Periodoftimeaphotovoltaicsystemrequirestoproducetheenergyrequiredforproduction.

Efficiency功率

Theratioofoutputenergytoinputenergy.

Electricalgrid电网

Alargedistributionnetworkthatdeliverselectricityoverawidearea.

Electrode电极

Aconductorusedtoleadcurrentintooroutofanonmetallicpartofacircuit.

Energy能量

Usablepower.MeasuredinkWh.

Energyaudit能量审核

Aprocessthatdetermineshowmuchenergyyouuseinyourhouseorapartment.

Energyyield能量输出

ElectricenergyindicatedinkWhyieldedbyaphotovoltaicsystem

ENS

Equipmenttocontrolthegridwithattributedall-polecontrolelementinseries.TheENSincludesaredundantvoltageandfrequencycontroloftheelectricitygridandevaluatesanyleapsascertainedinthegridimpedance.Ifthesetlimitsareexceeded,theENSwillswitchofftheinverter.Whenthelinevoltageisre-established,theinverterwillrestartoperationautomatically.

Europeanefficiencyrate

Weightedefficiencyrateiscalculatedbyweightingdifferentpartialloadefficiencyratesandthefull-loadefficiencyrateinlinewiththefrequencyoftheirappearance.

Facadesystem正面系统

Photovoltaicsysteminstalledonthefacadeofabuildingoranintegralpartofafacade.

Feed-inmeter输入计

Measuringinstrumentforthesupplyofelectricenergyintothepublicpowergrid(unitinkWh)Mismatchinginterconnectionofbetterandworsemodulesinonestringasaconsequenceofwhichtheworstmoduleofoneseriesdeterminestheelectricity.

Fieldsystem野外系统

Photovoltaicsysteminstalledinafield

Flat-roofsystem平台屋顶系统

Photovoltaicsysteminstalledonaflatroof.

Fossilfuels矿物燃料

Fuelsthatareformedundergroundfromtheremainsofdeadplantsandanimals.i.e.oil,naturalgas,andcoalarefossilfuels.

Globalradiation总辐射

Sumofdiffuse,directandreflectedsolarradiationontoahorizontalsurface.

Greenhouseeffect温室效应

WhenheatfromthesunbecomestrappedintheEarth'satmosphereduetocertaingases.

Greenhousegases温室气体

ThegasesresponsiblefortrappingheatfromthesunwithintheEarth'satmosphere.i.e.watervapor,carbondioxide,methane,ozone,chlorofluorocarbons,andnitrogenoxides.

Grid电网

Adistributionnetwork,includingtowers,poles,andwiresthatautilityusestodeliverelectricity.

Grid-connectedPVsystem并网光伏系统

Whentheelectricitygridisavailablebutelectricityfromacleansource(solar)isdesired,solarpanelscanbeconnectedtothegrid.Providedthatsufficientpanelsareplaced,theappliancesinthehouse/buildingwillthenrunonsolarelectricity.Agrid-connectedsolarelectricitysystembasicallyconsistsofoneormoresolarpanels,aninverter,cables,theelectricloadandasupportstructuretomountthesolarpanels.

Hertz(HZ)赫兹

Thefrequencyofelectricalcurrentdescribedincyclespersecond,i.e.AppliancesintheUnitedStatesuse60HZ.

Inverter逆变器

ConvertstheDCoutputofthePVsystemintousableACoutputthatcanbefeddirectlyintothebuildingload.

Irradiance辐照度

theamountofsolarenergythatstrikesasurfaceduringaspecifictimeperiod.Measuredinkilowatts.

I-VcurveIV曲线

Agraphthatplotsthecurrentversusthevoltagefromthesolarcellastheelectricalload(orresistance)isincreasedfromshortcircuit(noload)toopencircuit(maximumvoltage).Theshapeofthecurvecharacterizingcellperformance.ThreeimportantpointsontheIVcurvearetheopen-circuitvoltage,short-circuitcurrent,andpeakormaximumpower(operating)point.JunctionboxThepointonasolarmodulewhereitconnects,orisstrung,toothersolarmodules.

In-roofinstallation镶嵌屋顶系统

Photovoltaicsystemwhichisintegratedintotheroofcladding

Islandsystem独立系统

Grid-independentpowersupplysystem

kWh–kilowatthour

Unitindicatingenergy/workandcorrespondingwiththeperformanceofonekilowattduringaperiodofonehour

kWp-Kilowattpeak

Unitindicatingthemaximumperformanceunderstandardtestconcitions(STC)

Load负载

Theamountofelectricaldemandusedinthebuildingatanygiventime.

Mono-crystallinesiliconsolarcell单晶硅太阳能系统

Basicrawmaterialisamonocrystaldrawnfrommeltedsilicon.

Multi-crystallinesiliconsolarcell多晶硅太阳能电池

Basicrawmaterialissolarsiliconcastinblocks.

NationalElectricalCode(NEC)国家电气代码

TheU.S.minimuminspectionrequirementsforalltypesofelectricalinstallations,includingsolarsystems.

NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation(NEMA)国家电力生产商协会

TheU.S.tradeassociationthatdevelopsstandardsfortheelectricalmanufacturingindustry.

NRELTheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory国家可再生能源实验室

Anationallabthatconcentratesonstudyinganddevelopingrenewableenergysources.

Opencircuitvoltage开路电压

MaximumvoltageinanelectriccircuitwhichisgeneratedwhentheelectricityIequalszero(dependingontermperature).

Performanceguarantee性能质保

Extendedguaranteeofthemoduleproducerfortheperformanceofthesolarmodules.

Performancetolerance性能公差

Tolerancestatedbytheproducerwithregardstothenominalpower.

Poly-cristallinesolarcell多晶硅太阳能电池

Seemulti-crystallinesiliconsolarcell.

PSC电力供应公司

Powersupplycompanies.

Peakload最大负荷

Thelargestamountofelectricitybeingusedatanyonepointduringtheday.

Photovoltaic(PV)光伏

theconversionoflightintoelectricity.Theterm"photo"comesfromtheGreek"phos,"meaninglight."Voltaic"isnamedforAlessandroVolta(1745-1827),apioneerinthestudyofelectricityforwhomtheterm"volt"wasnamed.Photovoltaics,then,means"lightelectricity."

Photovoltaic(PV)module光伏组件

Anumberofphotovoltaiccellselectricallyinterconnectedandmountedtogether,usuallyinasealedunitofconvenientsizeforshipping,handlingandassemblingintoarrays.Theterm"module"isoftenusedinterchangeablywiththeterm"panel.

Photovoltaicarray光伏阵列

Aninterconnectedsystemofsolarmodulesthatfunctionasasingleelectricity-producingunit.

Photovoltaiccell光伏电池（格）

Thisisthebasicunitofasolarmodulethatcollectsthesun'senergy.

Photovoltaicsystem光伏系统

Acompletesetofcomponentsthatconvertssunlightintousableelectricity.

Rectifier整流器

Transformsalternatingcurrentintodirectcurrent

Roofinclination屋顶倾斜度

Angleofarooftowardsthehorizontal

Ratedpower额定功率

Nominalpoweroutputofaninverter;someunitscannotproduceratedpowercontinuously.SemiconductorAmaterialthathasanelectricalconductivityinbetweenthatofametalandaninsulator.TypicalsemiconductorsforPVcellsincludesilicon,galliumarsenide,copperindiumdiselenide,andcadmiumelluride.

Short-circuitelectricity短路电流

Maximumelectricityinanelectriccircuit,whichisgeneratedwhenthevoltageUattheterminalsequalszero(proportionaltosolarradiation).

Solargenerator

Sumofsolarmodules.

Specificenergyyield能量生产率（比能率）

ElectricenergyindicatedinkWhandyieldedbyaphotovoltaicsystemdividedbytheinstalledperformance(kWp).

StandardTestConditions–STC标准测试条件

Generalconditionsunderwhichtheperfomanceofasolarmoduleismeasuredinalaboratory.Constantfactorsformeasuringare:Irradianceof1,000W/m²5f;lightspectrumafterpenetrationof1.5folddensityoftheatmosphere(AM1,5);temperatureofthesolarcell25°C.

Supplymeter电源表

Measuringinstrumentforthesupplyofelectricenergyfromthepublicpowergrid(unitinkWh)

Termperaturecoefficient温度系数