上海市第八中学2022-2023学年高一英语上学期期末试题含解析

上海市第八中学2022-2023学年高一英语上学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.Shelooksforwardeveryspringto________theflowerlinedgarden.A．visit

B．payingavisitC．walkin

D．walkingin参考答案：D[考查非谓语动词。句意：她向往每个春天的时候在花园里的小径上散步。lookforwardto后接动名词，B项缺少了介词to，故选D。]2.JaminsistedthatthebookMr.Blackreferredto______.

A.wasworthbuying

B.areworthtobeboughtC.beingworthbuyingD.beworthbuying参考答案：D3.They________witheachotherfortwoyearsbeforetheygotmarried.A．hadfalleninlove

B．gotinlove

C．hadbeeninlove

D．fellinlove参考答案：C4.Iwasjusttogoout____itbegantorain.A．as

B．when

C．after

D．whole参考答案：B略5.Itisuncertain________sideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout，althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.A．that

B．whatC．how D．whether参考答案：B[句意为：尽管大约2000名患者已经服用了这种药，但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清楚。受itiscertain/uncertainthat...句型的影响，易误选that，但此句中空格处的词不但引导真正的主语从句，还要作从句的宾语，即bringabout的宾语，起双重作用，只能选择what。how与whether无论是词义还是担当的成分都不符合要求。]6.Itwasin1969______twoAmericanswenttothemoonbyspaceship.A.when B.that

C.atthattime D.justthen参考答案：B7.—Howlongdoyouthinktheterriblesnowwill________？—Sorry,Ididn'tlistentotheweather________.A.getthrough;predict

B.castdown;predictC.fadeout;forecast

D.keepup;forecast参考答案：Dkeepup“保持”；weatherforecast“天气预报”。D项正确。8.DuetotheheavyfloodinThailand,largequantitiesofsupplies______indesperateneedintheflood-strickenareanow.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.have参考答案：B略9.Whenyou______atask,problem,orsituationinaparticularway,youdealwithitorthink______aboutitinthatway.A.accuse

B.acquireC.attach

D.approach参考答案：D考查动词辨析。A.accuse控告，指责；B.acquire获得，学会；C.attach附属，附着；D.approach接近；动手处理。“当你以特定方式处理任务、问题或者情况时，你便会以这种方式处理或思考。”故选D。10.Ihavebeenstudyinghard_______Iwon’tfailthecomingexam.A.sothat

B.evenif

C.asif

D.assoonasks5u参考答案：A11.Hewasinhospitalforsixmonths.Hefeltasifhewas___________fromtheoutsideworld.

A.cutout

B.cutoff

C.cutin

D.cutthrough

参考答案：B略12.Ican'tremember_____madetheteachergiveMarythepermissiontoleavetheclassearlier.A.thatitwaswhat

B.whatitwasthatC.whatwasitthat

D.thatwasitwhat参考答案：B13.

Theroomisverydark.Please______thelight.A.switchon

B.switchoff

C.putup

D.putdown参考答案：A14.

Ihadmytrousers________lastnight.

A.ment

B.mending

C.mend

D.mended参考答案：D15.Ifeelproudtobebornintoafamily______educationishighlyvalued.

A.where B.that C.which D.who参考答案：A16.TaiwanispartofChina,_______isknowntoalltheworld.

A.what

B.as

C.that

D.such参考答案：B解析：本题考察as引导的定语从句，as代替前面整个句子，在从句中作主语。17.Globalwarming______toresultinariseoftwofeetinsealevelsbythesecondhalfofnextcentury. A.isexpected B.isexpecting C.expects D.hasexpected参考答案：A18.Youcannotimaginehowshefinishedtherace_____herfootwoundedsobadly.

A.for

B.when

C.with

D.while参考答案：C二、短文改错19.假设英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Whentheaccidentwashappened,Iwasstandingnearabusstop.ThereIsawanoldladywaitingabuswithherumbrella.Thebussoonarrived.Thereweretoomanypassengershurriedtogetonitthattheoldladycouldn’tgeton.Adriverclosedthedoorwithoutlookingcarefulanddroveaway.Unluckily,theoldlady’sumbrellawascaughtbythedoor.Heshoutedtothedriverbuthedidn’thear.Thebuspulledheralongtheroad.Finally,shefalltotheground.Severalminuteslate,theambulancecameandtookhertohospital.Ithoughtitwasthedrivershouldberesponsiblefortheaccident.参考答案：Whentheaccidentwashappened,Iwasstandingnearabusstop.ThereIsawanoldlady

去掉

waiting∧abuswithherumbrella.Thebussoonarrived.Thereweretoomanypassengershurried

for

so

hurryingtogetonitthattheoldladycouldn’tgeton.Adriverclosedthedoorwithoutlookingcarefuland

The

carefullydroveaway.Unluckily,theoldlady’sumbrellawascaughtbythedoor.Heshoutedtothedriverbut

Shehedidn’thear.Thebuspulledheralongtheroad.Finally,shefalltotheground.Severalminutes

felllate,theambulancecameandtookhertohospital.Ithoughtitwasthedriver∧shouldbelater

that或whoresponsiblefortheaccident.事故发生，不能用被动，happen无被动。等车应该为waitforabusThereweretoomanypassengershurriedtogetonitthattheoldladycouldn’tgeton.此句考查so…that句型，所以，too不对。Thereweretoomanypassengershurriedtogetonit此句中passengers与hurrytogetonit之间为主动关系，所以用doing。Adriverclosedthedoorwithoutlookingcarefulanddroveaway.此句中的driver特指这辆车的司机，所以不能用a。Adriverclosedthedoorwithoutlookingcarefulanddroveaway.此句中司机没有仔细看，修饰look应该用副词carefully。Heshoutedtothedriverbuthedidn’thear.此句表示哪位老妇人对司机喊叫，所以人称错了。Finally,shefalltotheground.此句时态错误。根据前后文此句应该用过去式。几分钟之后，应该用Severalminuteslater,而不用late，late表示晚的，迟到的。Ithoughtitwasthedrivershouldberesponsiblefortheaccident.此句为强调句型，所以要加上that/who.三、阅读理解20.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Readingisnottheonlywaytogainknowledgeoftheworkinthepast.Thereisanotherlargereservoir(知识库)whichmaybecalledexperience,andthecollegestudentwillfindthateverycraftsman(工匠)hassomethinghecanteachandwillgenerallyteachgladlytoanycollegestudentwhodoesnotlookdownuponthem.Theinformationfromthemdiffersfromthatintextbooksandpaperschieflyinthatitstheoretical(理论的)part--theexplanationsofwhythingshappen--isfrequentlyquitefantastic(神奇的).Butthedemonstration(示范)andreportofwhathappens,andhowithappensarecorrectevenifthereportsareincompletelyunscientificterms.Presentlythecollegestudentswilllearn,inthiscasealso,whattoacceptandwhattoreject.OneimportantthingforacollegestudenttorememberisthatifAristotlecouldtalktothefisherman,socanhe.Anothersourceofknowledgeisthevaststoreoftraditionalpracticeshandeddownfromfathertoson,ormothertodaughter,ofoldcountrycustoms,offolklore(风俗).Allthisisverydifficultforacollegestudenttoexamine,formuchknowledgeandpersonalexperienceisneededheretoseparategoodplantsfromwildgrass.Thecollegestudentsshouldlearntorealizeandrememberhowmuchofrealvaluesciencehasfoundinthiswide,confusedwildernessandhowoftenscientificdiscoveriesofwhathadexistedinthisarealongage.60.Inthelastparagraphthephrase"thiswide,confusedwilderness"refersto_____.A.personalexperience

B.wildweedsamonggoodplantsC.theinformationfromtheparentsD.thevaststoreoftraditionalpractices

61.Whichofthefollowingstatementsissupportedbythepassage?

A.Thecollegestudentshavetroubleseparatinggoodplantsfromwildgrass

B.Craftsman’sexperienceisusuallyunscientific

C.Thecontemptuous(傲慢的)collegestudentswillreceivenothingfromcraftsmen

D.Traditionalpracticesareasimportantasexperienceforthecollegestudents

62.Theauthoradvisesthecollegestudentsto______.

A.becontemptuoustothecraftsman

B.bepatientinhelpingthecraftsmanwithscientificterms

C.learnthecraftsman’sexperiencebyjudgingitcarefully

D.gainthecraftsman’sexperiencewithoutrejection

63.Themainideaofthispassageisabout________.

A.whattolearnfromtheparents

B.howtogainknowledge

C.whytolearnfromcraftsman

D.howtodealwithexperience参考答案：60.D

61.C

62.C

63.B21.Robotshavealwayshadcertainadvantagesoverhumans.They’retypicallymadeofmoredurablematerialsthanthesofttissuecoveringhumanbodiesandsincetheycanberepairedintheeventofdamage,theycanbasically“live”forever.Butrobotsareusuallyheavyandawkward,andhumanshavealwayshadahugeadvantageintermsofdexterity.ThankstothemadscientistsatBostonDynamics,thatappearstobechanging.ThehumanoidAtlasrobot,whichhasalreadyshowedincrediblyimpressivehuman-likeabilities,justkeepsgettingbetterandbetter,andanewvideobythecompanyshowsthatitsfluidity(流畅)ofmovementhasnoweasilysurpassedyourown(andmine).Atlashasslowlybutsurelybeenlearningalotofnewskillsoverthepastfewyears.It’sgraduatedfromholdingboxesandawkwardlywalkingtosprinting(冲刺)overobstaclesandnavigating(导航)allmannerofdifficultterrain(地形).Thislatestshowisanevolutionofthoseskills,withtherobotshowcasingitsabilitytofalldown,spinintheair,andevendoarespectablehandstand.It’sessentiallyafull-fledged(经过充分训练的)gymnasticsroutinebeingperformedbyarobot.Whetherthat’sawesomeorscarydependsonyourpointofview.Wecreatedthemaneuvers(招式)usingnewtechniquesthatstreamlinethedevelopmentprocess.First,anoptimizationalgorithm(优化算法)transformshigh-leveldescriptionsofeachmaneuverintodynamically-feasible(动态可行的)referencemotions.ThenAtlastracksthemotionsusingamodelpredictivecontrollerthatsmoothlyblendsfromonemaneuvertothenext.Usingthisapproach,wedevelopedtheroutinesignificantlyfasterthanpreviousAtlasroutines,withaperformancesuccessrateofabout80%.Still,beingabletopullthisofffouroutoffivetimesisnothingtolaughat,andifAtlasisindeedlearningthingsfasterthaneverbefore,we’lllikelybeseeingevenmoreimpressiveroutinesinthenearfuture.12.Theword“dexterity”inParagraph1meanstobe_________.A.violent B.flexibleC.light D.stupid13.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardstherobot’snewability?A.awesome B.scaryC.promising D.doubtful14.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingParagraph5?A.ToshowhowAtlasmadefull-fledgedgymnasticsroutine.B.ToexplainhowAtlasgotthenewmaneuvers.C.TopromotethedevelopmentofrobotsD.TointroducethetheoryofAtlas.15.Whatdoesthetextintendtotellus?A.Robotshavealwayshadcertainadvantagesoverhumans.B.Robotslikelyhavemoredevelopmentinthenearfuture.C.Atlascandoeverythingthatwewanthimtodo.D.Atlasisafully-trainedgymnastwithalotofskills.参考答案：12.B

13.C

14.B

15.B【分析】科技说明文。本文主要介绍了机器人Atlas的新发展，学会了更灵活敏捷的体操动作，将会更有前景。文章说明了Atlas学会的动作，以及这些动作是如何被创建出来的。【12题详解】词义猜测题。结合上文Butrobotsareusuallyheavyandawkward,andhumanshavealwayshadahugeadv