2023年同等学力英语真题及详解bytigeress

PaperOne试卷一（90minutes）PartⅠDialogueCommunication（10minutes，10points）SectionADialogueCompletionDirection：Inthissection，youwillreadfiveshortincompletedialoguesbetweentwospeakers，eachfollowedbyfourchoicesmarkedA，B，C，andD.Choosethebestanswerthatbestsuitsthesituationtocompletethedialoguebymarkingthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1. A：Sorrytobotheryou，butcouldyoutellmethewaytoSunsetRoad？B：A.Sorry，Icouldn’thelp. B.Yes，whatcanIdoforyou？C.I’mafraidIhavenoidea. D.It’snottoofarfromhere，isit？2. A：Doyoudoexerciseseveryday？B：A.No，itdependsonwhatkindofexercise.B.No，Igotohealthclubmostofthetime.C.Yes，usuallyeveryotherday.D.Yes，rainorshine.3. A：Thatwasadeliciousmeal，Mrs.Barr.Thankyouverymuch.B：A.You’rewelcome. B.Nevermind.C.Itdoesn’tmatter. D.It’sjustOK.4. A：Ihavealastfavortoaskofyou.Couldyoudrivemydaughtertotheairport？B：A.ShallIgettheticketforher. B.Yeah，Ilikethat.C.YoubetIwill. D.Sure，it’dbeapleasure.5. A：MayIseethedentistnow？B：A.Isitarealemergency？B.Doyouhaveanappointment？C.Inthatcase，you’llhavetowait.D.I’lltalktothedentistandsqueezeyouin.SectionBDialogueComprehensionDirection：Inthissection，youwillreadfiveshortconversationsbetweenamanandawoman，AttheendofeachconversationthereisaquestionfollowedbyfourchoicesmarkedA，B，C，andD.Choosethebestanswertothequestionfromthefourchoicesbymarkingthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.6. Man：I’mgoingtoasktheneighborstoturnthemusicdown.Ican’thearmyselfthink.Woman：Doyoureallythinkitmakesmydifferencetothem？Question：Whatdoesthewomanmean？A.Heshouldhavetoldthemearlier. B.Itisofnousetoturnthemusicdown.C.Theneighborswillnotlistentohim. D.Heshouldfocusonhisownthinking.7. Man：Whatshallwetakefortherap？Woman：We’dbettertakethebarenecessities.Question：Whatdoesthewomansuggest？A.Theyshouldtakeaslittleaspossible.B.Theyshouldtaketheirdailynecessities.C.Theyshouldtakeasmuchastheycan.D.Theyshouldtakenothingwiththem.8. Woman：Wearegoingtogoawayonvacation...Canyouhearme？Man：I’mallears.Question：Whatdoesthemanmean？A.Heislisteningattentively. B.Hecouldn’tcareless.C.Helikesthewoman’sidea. D.Heisagainstthewoman’splan.9. Woman：I’mreallybehindwithmyproject.Canyouhelpme？Man：I’mafraidyoubitoffmorethanyoucouldchew！Question：Whatdoesthemanmean？A.Heisnotwillingtohelpthewoman.B.Thewomanisunabletodotheproject.C.Thewomanisdoingmorethanshecanmanage.D.Heisnotinapositiontohelpthewoman.10. Woman：There’sBillonhismotorcycleagain.Didhegetitfixedinthegarage？Man：Don’tbesilly.Thatwouldhavebeenawasteofmoney.Itonlyhadaflattire.Question：Whatdoesthemanimply？A.Thewomanwassosillyastowastemuchmoney.B.Itwascostlytohavethemotorcyclefixedinthegarage.C.Billmusthaverepairedmymotorcyclehimself.D.Therewasaseriousproblemwiththemotorcycle.PartⅡVocabulary（10minutes，10points）SectionADirection：Inthissectiontherearetensentences，eachwithonewordorphraseunderlined.ChoosetheonefromthefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandDthatbestkeepsthemeaningofthesentence.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.11. Readersarerequiredtoabidebytherulesofthelibraryandmindtheirmanners.A.observe B.memorize C.review D.compose12. Thecoachexplainedtheregulationsatlengthtomakesurethatnoneofhisplayerswouldbecomeviolators.A.atlast B.atlarge C.indetail D.inshort13. Thecostofhealthcareandhealthinsuranceremainsthemosturgenthealthproblemfacingthecountrytoday.A.pressing B.important C.neglected D.complicated14. Shebelievesthatsheisnotagoodmotherbecauseshedoesnotfitthestereotypeofawomanwhospendsallhertimewithherchildren.A.popularimage B.commonstandardC.fixedconception D.pleasantnotion15. ThusthemostlogicalapproachistofocusouranalysisonthetraderelationsofSpainwithotherEuropeancountries.A.reasoning B.conclusion C.position D.method16. Wenolongerkeepuptheclosefriendshipofafewyearsagothoughwestillvisiteachotheronoccasion.A.ingoodtime B.uptodateC.nowandthen D.onceandforall17. Theuniversityofferedseveralmorecoursesforthepurposeoffurtheringthecareeraspirationsofitsstudents.A.ambitions B.achievements C.advantages D.advances18. Manywomenprefertousecosmeticstoenhancetheirbeautyandmakethemlookyounger.A.enforce B.magnify C.improve D.polish19. Theleadersofthetwocountriesareplanningtheirsummitmeetingwithapledgetomaintainanddevelopgoodties.A.strategy B.standpoint C.promise D.priority20. Manyyoungstershaveheardtheirparentssay，“You’llneveramounttoanythingifyoukeepdaydreamingthatway！”A.beequalto B.accomplish C.addupto D.pursueSectionB21. Twodecadesagoawomanwhoshookhandswithmenonherown_____wasusuallyviewedastooforward.A.endeavor B.initiative C.motivation D.preference22. Thefruit_____morethanhalfthecountry’sannualexportsaccordingtoarecentreport.A.accountsfor B.standsfor C.providesfor D.makesfor23. Theviolent_____fhisyouthreappearedandwasdirectednotonlyatthearmybutathiswifeaswell.A.impatience B.character C.temper D.quality24. Thishypothesisstatesthatenvironmentsthataretoocleanmayactuallymakethe_____systemdevelopoversensitiveresponses.A.mental B.nervous C.immune D.physical25. TheAdultVocationalCollegeisanopportunitytogaintherightqualificationsforvariouscareersforitoffersan_____rangeofsubjectsandcourses.A.additional B.excessive C.adequate D.extensive26. It’sdisturbingtonotehowmanyofthecrimeswedoknowaboutweredetected_____notbysystematicinspectionsorothersecurityprocedures.A.byaccident B.onschedule C.ingeneral D.atintervals27. Youcanalways_____Jiminacrisis，forheissimplythemosthelpfulpersonI’veeverknown.A.referto B.counton C.copewith D.runinto28. Hewantedtostayathome，butatlastheagreed，very_____，though，togototheconcert.A.decisively B.reluctantly C.willingly D.deliberately29. Theaudience，hostileatfirst，weregreatly_____byherexcellentperformance.A.annoyed B.encouraged C.impressed D.depressed30. Manybirdsandinsectscanbuild_____neststoprovideshelterfortheiryoung.A.glories B.elaborate C.splendid D.advancedPartⅢReadingComprehension（45minutes，25points）Directions：Therearefivepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbyfivequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD.Choosethebestoneandmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.PassageOneAtallagesandatallstagesoflife，fearpresentsaproblemtoalmosteveryone.“Wearelargelytheplaythingsofourfears，”wrotetheBritishauthorHoraceWalpolemanyyearsago.“Toone，fearofthedark；toanother，ofphysicalpain；toathird，ofpublicridicule；toafourth，ofpoverty；toafifth，ofloneliness—forallofusourparticularcreaturewaitsinahiddenplace.”Fearisoftenausefulemotion.Whenyoubecomefrightened，manyphysicalchangesoccurwithinyourbody.Yourheartbeatandresponsesquicken；yourpupilsexpandtoadmitmorelight；largequantitiesofenergy-producingadrenalin（肾上腺素）arepouredintoyourbloodstream.Confrontedwithafireoraccident，fearcanfuellife-savingflight（逃离）.Similarly，whenadangerispsychologicalratherthanphysical，fearcanforceyoutotakeself-protectivemeasures.Itisonlywhenfearisdisproportionaltothedangerathandthatitbecomesaproblem.Somepeoplearesimplymorevulnerabletofearthanothers.Avisittothenewbornnurseryofanylargehospitalwilldemonstratethat，fromthemomentoftheirbirths，afewfortunateinfantsrespondcalmlytosuddenfear-producingsituationssuchasaloudlyslammeddoor.Yetaneighborinthenextbedmaycryoutwithprofoundfright.Frombirth，heorsheismorepronetolearnfearfulresponsesbecauseheorshehasinheritedatendencytobemoresensitive.Further，psychologistsknowthatourearlyexperiencesandrelationshipsstronglyshapeanddetermineourlaterfears.AyoungmannamedBill，forexample，grewupwithafatherwhoregardedeachadversityasatemporaryobstacletobeovercomewithimaginationandcourage.Usinghisfatherasamodel，Billcametowelcomeadventureandtotrusthisownabilitytosolveproblems.Phil’sdad，however，spentmostofhistimetryingtoprotecthimselfandhisfamily.Afraidtorisktheinsecurityofajobchange，heremainedunhappyinoneposition.Heavoidedlongvacationsbecause“thecarmightbreakdown.”Growingupinsuchahome，Philnaturallylearnedtobecomefearfulandtense.31. InthelastsentenceofParagraph1，“ourparticularcreature”refersto.A.fearofsomething B.afiercebeastC.physicalpain D.publicridicule32. Fearcanbeusefulemotiontousbecauseitcan.A.stimulatemanyphysicalchangeswithinourbodyB.quickenourheartbeatandresponsesC.pourlargequantitiesofadrenalineintoourbloodstreamD.helpusrespondquicklytodangerandprotectourselves33. Fearbecomesaproblemonlywhen.A.thedangeristhoughtgreaterthanitreallyisB.thedangerismorepsychologicalthanphysicalC.onecannotstandthedangerD.oneisnotwellpreparedforit34. Differentresponsesofnewborninfantstoaloudlyslammeddoorimplythat.A.somepeopleareinherentlymoreeasilyaffectedbydangerB.people’sresponsetostimuliisnotaninheritedfeatureC.somepeopleseemtobeverysensitivetonoiseD.peoplesometimesseemtoturnadeafeartonoise35. Psychologistshavefoundthatourlaterfearsaredeterminedlargelybyour.A.homeeducation B.schooleducationC.parents’lifestyle D.earlyexperiencesPassageTwoSeahorsesareunusualparents.Thefemaleseahorseslaytheeggs，butunlikeothercreatures，it’sthemalesthatgivebirthtotheyoung.Maleseahorsehaveafoldofskinontheirbelliesthatformsapocket，calledabroodpouch.Duringthebreedingseason，theseahorse’spouchswellstoreceiveeggs.Afemaleseahorselaysupto200eggsatatimeinthepouch.Thensheswimsoff，leavinghermalepartnertocareforthedevelopingeggsandgivebirthtoyoungseahorses.Thefemalewillreturneverydaytocheckonhermateandtheeggs，butshedoesn’tstaylong，nordoesshetakepartinthebirth.Ittakesfromtwotosixweeksfortheeggsinthemale’spouchtodevelop.Duringthistimethemaleavoidsopenwaterandhidesinseagrass.Hisbigpouchmakesitdifficultforhimtoswim，sothemaleoftenuseshistailtograspapieceofseagrass.Firmly，grippingthegrass，hewillstayperfectlystillforhoursorevendays.Themaleseahorsewillchangehiscolortoblendwithhissurroundingsandavoidbeingseenbypredatorswhowilltrytoeathimorpokeholesinhispouchtogettheeggs.Theeggshatchinsidethemale’spouch.Whenthebabiesbeginmovingaround，themaleseahorseknowsit’stimeforthemtobeborn.Hegrabsaseagrassstemwithhistailandbeginsrocking，bending，andstretchinghisbodybackandforth．Thiscausestheopeningtoenlargeuntilitiswideenoughforthefirstbabyseahorsetoshootout.Thefatherseahorsecontinuesrocking，bending，andstretchinghisbodysothattherestofthebabiescanbeborn.Sometimeshehastopresshispouchagainstarockorsomestiffseaweedtoforcetheyoungout.Seahorsebabiesareborningroupsoffiveormore.Sometimesittakestwodaysforthefatherseahorsetogivebirthtoallhisyoung.Heisverytiredwhenit’sover.Soonaftergivingbirthtoonebrood，themalewillapproachhismateandshowherhisemptypouch.Thistellsherheisreadytoreceiveeggsagain.36. Whatpartdoesthefemaleseahorseplayinhavingbabies？A.Receivingeggs. B.Layingeggs.C.Hatchingeggs. D.Protectingeggs.37. Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassageaboutgivingbirthtobabyseahorses？A.Itisdangerousforthefemale. B.Ithappensonceayear.C.Itishardworkforthemale. D.Itoccursinthedeepsea.38. Toprotecthimselfandhiseggs，themaleseahorsedoesallthefollowingEXCEPT.A.changinghiscolor B.grippingapieceofgrassC.stayingmotionless D.enlarginghispouch39. Theauthorsuggestswhenseahorsebabiesarereadytobeborn.A.themaleseahorseseemsveryhappyB.itisdifficultforthemtocomeoutC.thefemaleseahorsejoinsthemaleD.theyneedlargespaceinthepouch40. Whichfactdoestheauthorwantthereadertoremembermost？A.Themaleseahorsegivesbirthtotheyoung.B.Thefemaleseahorselaysupto200eggsatatime.C.Babyseahorseareborningroupsoffiveormore.D.Thefemalewillreturneverydaytocheckontheeggs.PassageThreeWhen23-year-oldEricAtienzagraduatedfromcollegelastyear，hedidn’thaveajob.Notwantingtogiveuphisapartmentandmovebackwithhisparents，hedidwhatmanyyoungAmericansaredoing：hesignedupwithatempagency，whichplacesworkersonshort-termjobs.TemporaryworkerssuchasAtienzacomprise20percentoftheUSworkforce.In1985，417000workerswereclassifiedastemporaryhelp.In2023，therearemorethan2.5million，accordingtoLabourDepartmentdata.Usingtemporaryworkersallowscompaniestoincreaseordecreasethenumberofstaffastheirworkloadschange.Italsoallowscompaniestoavoidthecostsinvolvedinhiringandfiringlong-termemployees.Manytempagencyownersandcareerspecialistssaytempingisagoodwayforrecentgraduatestogetexperience.“Short-termjobsletgraduatestryoutdifferentcompaniestofindthebestfit，”saidPegiWheatley，ownerofMcCallStaffing，aSanFranciscotempagency.Butthingsdon’talwaysworkoutthatway.“WhenIstartedtemping，Ihadthisnotionthatatemporaryjobcouldturnfull-time.Itworkedforafriendofmine，butthatdidn’thappenforme，”saidAtienza，whoquicklybecameboredwithhisofficework.AtienzastayedwiththetempagencybecausehecouldearnUS$10anhourdoingofficework.Othershort-termjobs，suchasworkingasastoreclerkorinacafé，payaboutUS$7.Butthereweretrade-offsforthehigherpay.BecauseintheUS，healthinsuranceisprovidedthroughemployer，mosttempsarenoteligibleforworkplacehealthbenefits.Atienzarantheriskthatanaccidentorillnesswouldlandhiminthehospitalwithnowaytopaythebill.Otherdrawbacks，thoughlessserious，stillmeanthattempingformostgraduatesisexactlywhatitsnameimplies—atemporarychoice.Instability，gapsbetweencontracts，lackofvacationtimeandisolationfromotheremployeesareoften-citednegatives.“TempinggavemethetimetofigureoutwhatIwantedtodo，becauseIcouldpayoffmybills.Butnoneofthatcamefromthejobsthemselves，”saidAtienza，whoquittempinglastmonthinfavorofafull-timejob.41. Atienzatookashort-termjobmainlybecause.A.hedidn’twanttogiveuphisapartment B.helikedtotryoutdifferentcompaniesC.hewantedtogetmoreexperience D.hecouldn’tfindalong-termjob42. Accordingtothepassage，intheyearof2023，theUnitedStateshadaworkforceofmorethan.A.25million B.12.5million C.4.17million D.2.5million43. WhichisNOTmentionedasanadvantageoftemping？A.Itgivesrecentgraduatesexperience.B.Itenablesemployerstoadjusttheirworkforce.C.Atemporaryjobwillturnfull-time.D.Employerscanreducetheircosts.44. Atinenzastayedwiththetempagencyforsometimebecause______.A.helikedhisofficework B.hewassatisfiedwiththepayC.hisemployerprovidedhealthinsurance D.hehatedgapsbetweencontracts45. Whatdoestheword“trade-offs”inParagraphfivemean？A.Benefits B.Compromises C.Risks D.DisadvantagesPassageFourScientistsarehopingtoeliminatemalaria（疟疾）bydevelopingageneticallymodifiedmosquitothatcannottransmitthedisease.MalariahaslongtroubledthepopulationsofSouthAmerica，Africa，andAsia，wheremosquitobitesinfectupto500millionpeopleayearwiththisseriousandsometimesfatalparasiticblooddisease.Forgenerations，scientistshavebeentryingtoeliminatemalariabydevelopingnewdrugsandusingpesticide（杀虫剂）towipeoutlocalmosquitopopulations.Butthesemeasuresaren’tworking—andsomescientists，likeGregLanzaro，saythatbecauseofdrugresistanceandpopulationchanges，malariaisactuallymoreprevalentnowthanitwas20yearsago.Lanzarosayshehasabetterwaytostopthespreadofmalaria：geneticallymodifyingmosquitoessotheyareunabletocarrythedisease.Lanzaroandhiscolleaguesareplanningamulti-yearprojecttoproducemalaria-resistantmosquitoes—andhethinkstheycandoitwithinfiveyears.“Wecangetforeigngenesintomosquitoesandtheygowherethey’resupposedtogo，”Lanzarosays，pointingoutthatscientistshavealreadysucceededingeneticallyengineeringmosquitoesthatcannottransmitmalariatobirdsandmice.And，hesays，scientistsarequicklymakingprogressongenesthatblocktransmissionofthediseasetohumansaswell.Themostdifficultpartscientifically，Lanzarosays，isfiguringouthowtogetthelab-engineeredmosquitoestospreadtheirgenesintonaturalpopulationsafterall，hepointsout，it’suselesstoengineermosquitoesinthelabthatcan’ttransmitmalariawhentherearemillionsoutinthewildthatcan.Tosolvethisproblem，LanzarowantstoloadupamobilepieceofDNAwiththemalaria-resistantgene，andtheninsertitintoagroupofmosquitoembryos.Themalaria-resistantgenewouldbeintegrateddirectlyintothemosquitoes’DNA，makingitimpossibleforthosemosquitoestotransmittheparasitethatcausesmalaria.Inthiswayasmallgroupoflab-raisedmosquitoescouldbereleasedintothewild，andbyinterbreedingwithwildmosquitoes，eventuallytransmitthebeneficialgenetotheentirepopulation.46. Onereasonformalariatobemorewidespreadnowisthat.A.morepeoplehavemovedtomalaria-infectedareasB.mosquitoeshavebecomeresistanttopesticidesC.geneticallymodifiedmosquitoesstilltransmitthediseaseD.mosquitoesbiteasmanyas500millionpeopleayear47. Lanzaroishopefulthatinafewyearmancan.A.starttoeliminatemalaria B.cureparasiticblooddiseasesC.preventmiceformtransmittingparasitesD.acquireimmunityagainstmalaria48. Lanzaroisconfidentthatscientistscanblockthetransmissionsofmalariatohumansbecause.A.naturalmosquitopopulationsdonotchangeB.scientistshavesucceededwithbirdsandmiceC.foreigngenesalwaysgowheretheyarerequiredD.lab-raisedmosquitoeswillnotberesistanttodrugs49. WhatisthemostdifficultpartofLanzaro’sproject？A.Spreadingmalaria-resistantgenesintonaturalmosquitopopulations.B.Raisingmalaria-resistantmosquitoes.C.Makinggenesthatblockthetransmissionofmalaria.D.Identifyingmalaria-resistantgenes.50. Accordingtothepassage，afundamentalwaytowipeoutmalariaisto.A.developnewmalaria-resistantdrugsB.produceeffectivepesticidestokillmosquitoesC.changethegeneticmakeupofmosquitoesD.removepeoplefrommalaria-infectedareasPassageFiveAccordingtoScottAdams，creatorofthecomicstrip（系列漫画）Dilbert，theannualperformancereviewis“oneofthemostfrighteningandweakeningexperiencesineveryemployee’slife.Adam’sstoriesandcomicfigurespokefunattheworkplace，buthischaracterizationofpeople’sfeelingsabouttheannualperformancereviewhasitsseriousside.Althougharecentstudyof437companiesindicatesthateffectiveannualperformancereviewscanhelpraiseprofits，mostemployeesofthosecompanieshatethem.Intheory，annualperformancereviewsareconstructiveandpositiveinteractionsbetweenmanagersandemployeesworkingtogethertoattainmaximumperformanceandstrengthentheorganization.Inreality，theyoftencreatedivision，underminemorale，andsparkangerandjealousy.Thus，althoughtheobjectoftheannualperformancereviewistoimproveperformance，itoftenhastheoppositeresult.AprogrammeratanITfirmwasstunnedtolearnatherannualperformancereviewthatshewasdeniedapromotionbecauseshewasn’ta“teamplayer”.Whatwerethedatausedtomakethisjudgment？Shedidn’tsmileinthecompanyphoto.AlthoughthisstorymightsoundasifitcamestraightoutofDilbert，itisatrueaccountofonewoman’sexperience.Byfollowingafewideasandguidelinesfromindustryanalysis，thiskindofordealcanbeavoided：Toendtheyearwithapositiveandusefulperformancereview，managersandemployeesmuststarttheyearbyworkingtogethertoestablishcleargoalsandexpectations.Itmaybehelpfultoallowemployeestoproposealistofpeopleassociatedwiththecompanywhowillbeinagoodpositiontoassesstheirperformanceattheendoftheyear；thesepeoplemaybeco-workers，suppliers，orevencustomers.Goalsshouldbemeasurablebutflexible，andeveryoneshouldsignoffontheplan.Bycheckingemployees’progressataboutninemonths，managerscangivethemachancetocorrectmistakesandprovideguidancetothosewhoneeditbeforetheyearisout.Whenconductingthereview，managersshouldhighlightstrengthsandweaknessesduringthepastyearanddiscussfutureresponsibilities，avoidingpunishmentorblame.Inshort，whenemployeesleavetheirperformancereviews，theyshouldbefocusingonwhattheycandobetterintheyearahead，notworryingaboutwhatwentintotheirfilesaboutthepast.51. InhiscomicstripDilbert，ScottAdams.A.makefunofworkingpeople B.tellsastoryaboutaswomanemployeeC.promoteteamspiritamongco-workers D.mocksannualperformancereviews52. AllthefollowingarementionedasthedrawbacksofannualperformancereviewsEXCEPTA.reducingefficiency B.creatingtensionC.underminingmorale D.inducinganger53. Theword“ordeal”Paragraph3probablyrefersto.A.likelihoodofpromotion B.depressiveexperienceC.poorperformance D.unrealisticexpectation54. Theannualperformancereviews，tobeeffective，mustfocuson.A.makingemployeesawareoftheircompany’sfuturegoalsB.involvingemployeesinassessingtheirownperformanceC.encouragingemployeestoachievebetterfutureperformanceD.highlightingwhatresponsibilitiesemployeeshavefailedin55. ThegeneralattitudeoftheauthortowardAdam’scomicstripDilbertis...A.negative B.positive C.neutral D.unclearPartⅣClozeTest（15minutes，15points）Directions：Inthispart，thereisapassagewithfifteenblanks.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD.Choosethebestanswerforeachblankandmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.Advertisingisaformofselling.Forthousandsofyearstherehavebeenindividualswhohavetriedto56otherstobuythefoodtheyhaveproducedorthegoodstheyhavemadeortheservicestheycan57.Butinthe19thcentury，themassproductionofgoods58theIndustrialRevolutionmadeperson-to-personsellinginefficient.Themassdistributionofgoodsthat59thedevelopmentoftherailwayandhighwaymadeperson-to-personsellingtooslowandexpensive.Atthesametime，masscommunication，firstnewspapersandmagazines，thenradioandtelevision，mademasssellingthrough60possible.Theobjectiveofanyadvertisementistoconvincepeoplethatitisintheirbest61totaketheactiontheadvertiserisrecommending.Theaction62betopurchaseaproduct，useaservice，voteforapoliticalcandidate，oreventojointheArmy.Advertisingasa63developedfirstandmostrapidlyintheUnitedStates，thecountrythatusesittothegreatest64.In1980advertisingexpendituresintheU.S.exceeded55billiondollarsor652percentofthegrossnationalproduct.Canadaspentabout1.2percentofitsgrossnationalproduct66advertising.67advertisingbringstheeconomicsofmasssellingtothemanufacturer，itproducesbenefitsfortheconsumer68.Someofthoseeconomiesarepassedalongtothepurchasersothatthecostofaproductsoldprimarilythroughadvertisingisusuallyfar69thanonesoldthroughpersonalsalespeople.Advertisingbringspeopleimmediatenewsaboutproductsthathavejustcomeonthemarket.Finally，advertising70fortheprogramsoncommercialtelevisionandradioandforabouttwothirdsofthecostofpublishingmagazineandnewspapers.56. A.request B.oblige C.affect D.persuade57. A.transfer B.secure C.enjoy D.perform58. A.resultingfromB.dealingwith C.leadingto D.goingfor59. A.followed B.preceded C.achieved D.induced60. A.marketing B.advertising C.salespeople D.agents61. A.profits B.benefits C.interests D.gains62. A.should B.would C.may D.will63. A.business B.service C.product D.profession64. A.amount B.extent C.possibility D.utility65. Asimilarly B.supposedly C.approximately D.accountably66. A.with B.at C.into D.on67. A.While B.Therefore C.But D.If68. A.aswell B.asusual C.asaresult D.asarule69. A.more B.less C.cheaper D.dearer70. A.works B.calls C.looks D.paysPartⅤErrorDetection（10minutes，5points）Directions：Inthissection，therearetensentences.EachsentencehasfourunderlinedwordsorphrasesmarkedA，B，CandD.Identifythepartofthesentencethatisincorrect.Markthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.71. Duringthedinnerwehadagreeableconversation—nothingextraordinary—butcatchinguponrecenteventsofeachother’slife.72.Becauseoftheinjuredpeoplelayingonthegroundbelowt