中医药学循证医学文献阅读

中医药学循证医学文献阅读记忆医学术语方法之一NoChineseassimpleasoneword复杂学名记住中文即可GlossaryGinkgoBiloba[5^iNk^Eu]银杏树maidenhair[5meIdEnheE]掌叶铁线蕨intention-to-treatanalysis意向治疗分析neurotransmitter[7njuErEtrAns5mitE]神经递质bias[baiEs]prejudice

偏见depression[di5preFEn]sadness

沮丧抑郁tinnitus[ti5naitEs]ringingintheears

耳鸣viscosity[vis5kCsiti]stateofbeingthick

粘性Ginkgo[5^iNk^Eu]maidenhair掌叶铁线蕨(少女秀发蕨)意向治疗分析neurotransmitter[7njuErEtrAns5mitE]神经递质Prejudice偏见Bias[baiEs]Sadness抑郁Depression[di5preFEn]Ringingintheears耳鸣Tinnitus[ti5naitEs]Stateofbeingthick粘性viscosity[vis5kCsiti]记忆公共英语单词方法之一NoChineseassimpleasonewordPlainEnglish（简朴英语）Glossaryrobust[rE5bQst]strong

精力充沛的substantive[5sQbstEntiv]large

大量的cognitive[5kC^nitiv]gettoknow

认知的modification[7mCdifi5keiFEn]makechange

修正Unconfounded[kEn5faundid]notconfuse

不糊涂的inconsistent[7inkEn5sistEnt]contradictory

不一致Strong精力充沛的Robust[rE5bQst]Notconfuse不糊涂的Unconfounded[kEn5faundid]糊涂的confounded[kEn5faundid]Contradictory不一致inconsistentshape[7inkEn5sistEnt]GlossaryGinkgoBiloba白果(中文即可)Maidenhair掌叶铁线蕨(中文即可)Cognitivegettoknow

SubstantivelargeAmendmentimproveDepressionsadnessTinnitusringingintheears

Viscositystateofbeingthick《医学英语新教程》第30章-p234–阅读16句子Ginkgo银杏《医学英语新教程》第30章-p234–阅读16句子CochraneLibrary系统综述文摘LearningObjectivesofSystematicReviewTomasterTitleAuthorStructureofSRResultConclusion

ToknowaboutIntroductionBackgroundObjectiveSearchstrategy掌握标题(十分简洁)GinkgoBilobaforcognitiveimpairmentanddementia白果治疗认知损害与痴呆症（Cochrane系统综述）掌握标题(十分简洁)GinkgoBilobaforcognitiveimpairmentanddementia白果治疗认知损害与痴呆症（Cochrane系统综述）掌握标题固定句式:中心词＋for短语掌握当代(科技)医学英语特点Controlledlanguage作者（≥2）BirksJGrimleyEvansJ掌握（Cochrane综述文摘）CochraneReview‖SystematicReviewAbstractStructureofCochraneReveiwIntroductionBackgroundObjectiveSearchstrategySelectioncriteriaDatacollectionandanalysisMainresultsReview’sconclusion掌握StructureofCochraneReveiwIntroduction引言BackgroundObjectiveSearchstrategy检索策略Selectioncriteria选择标准Datacollectionandanalysis数据收集与分析Mainresults主要结果Review’sconclusion综述者结论掌握引言(修订,截至,被动)Asubstantiveamendmenttothissystematicreviewwaslastmadeon26August2002.此系统综述的实质性修改截止2002年8月26日。Background

origin起源currentstatus现况mechanism机制掌握Background–originExtractsoftheleavesofthemaidenhairtree,Ginkgobiloba,havelongbeenusedinChinaasatraditionalmedicineforvariousdisordersofhealth.在中国，从掌叶铁钱蕨白果树叶精华作为传统药物，长期用于治疗各种疾病。

掌握Background–status②

AstandardizedextractiswidelyprescribedinGermanyandFranceforthetreatmentofarangeofconditionsincludingmemoryandconcentrationproblems,confusion,depression,anxiety,dizziness,tinnitusandheadache.

掌握背景–现况②一种广泛用于德国与法国的标准萃取物可治疗多种疾病，包括记忆与思想集中病症、意识模糊、抑郁、焦虑、头晕、耳鸣与头痛。

掌握Background-mechanism③Themechanismsofactionarethoughttoreflecttheactionofseveralcomponentsoftheextractandincludeincreasingbloodsupplybydilatingbloodvessels,reducingbloodviscosity,modificationofneurotransmittersystems,andreducingthedensityofoxygenfreeradicals.

掌握背景–机制③有人认为，若干成分的作用机制是扩张血管、降低血液粘滞度、改善神经递质系统，以及减少氧游离基密度而增加血供

掌握3.Objective-explicit鲜明

TheaimofthereviewistoassesstheefficacyandsafetyofGinkgobilobaforthetreatmentofpatientswithdementiaorcognitivedecline.本综述目标是评估白果治疗痴呆症或认知功能减退的有效性与安全性。

掌握Searchstrategy–3T

TimeTypesTermsStrategy–Time&TypesTrialwereidentifiedon26June2002throughasearchoftheCDCIG……synonym同义词&asterisk*

Thesearchtermsusedwereginkgo*,tanakan,EGB-761,EGB761and"EGB761".所用检索术语为ginkgo*、tanakan、EGB-761、EGB761与“EGB761”。Selectioncriteria-phrase+clauseAllrelevant,unconfounded,randomized,double-blindcontrolledstudies,inwhichextractsofGinkgobilobaatanystrengthandoveranyperiodwerecomparedwithplacebofortheireffectsonpeoplewithacquiredcognitiveimpairment,includingdementia,ofanydegreeofseverity.收录标准收录所有与白果萃取物（任何浓度与任何疗程）治疗获得性认知损害（包括任何类型的痴呆症）相关的正规随机双盲安慰剂对照研究文献。

collection&analysis-metaDataforthemeta-analysesarebasedonreportedsummarystatisticsforeachstudy.供荟粹分析分析的资料取自每个研究的发表总结性统计。

Mainresults–先总后分General:1-4Division(benefit):5-7(thesamesentencepattern)Summary(adverse):8-9掌握Mainresults–先总–概括Overall,therearenosignificantdifferencesbetweenGinkgoandplacebointheproportionofparticipantsexperiencingadverseevents.在总体上，接受白果与安慰剂受试者的不良反应事件无显著差异。

掌握Mainresults–先总-metaTherearebenefits(主语)associatedwithGinkgo(doselessthan200mg/day)comparedwithplaceboatlessthan12weeks(54/63showedimprovementcomparedwith20/63,OR15.32,95%CI5.90to39.80,P=<0.0001).掌握Results–统计判断掌握a/b效应概率阳性数/总数-54/63OR(优势比)阳性概率/阴性概率小样本-数越大，优势比大大样本-数字小，优势比也大95%CI(可信区间)无零，数字大，显著;5.9-39.8有零，≥0即显著P值0.05>P>0.01显著意义≤0.001极显著意义Mainresults-先总-meta与安慰剂对照组相比，至少在12周以内显示白果（剂量>200mg/日）相关效益（56/43比20/63，优势比15.32，95%可信区间5.90至39.80，P=<0.0001）。

掌握Mainresults–3divisionCognitionshows…(differentdata.)Activitiesshow…//.Measuresofmoodshow…//.Division–后分(疗效)掌握Mainresults–division-metaTherearebenefits(主语)associatedwithGinkgo(doselessthan200mg/day)comparedwithplaceboatlessthan12weeks(54/63showedimprovementcomparedwith20/63,OR15.32,95%CI5.90to39.80,P=<0.0001).掌握samepatternwithdifferentsubjectsanddataCognitionshowsbenefitforGinkgo(doselessthan200mg/day)comparedwithplaceboat12weeks(SMD-0.57,95%CI-1.09,-0.05,P=0.03,randomeffectsmodel).

掌握samepatternwithdifferentsubjectsanddataActivitiesshowsbenefitforGinkgo(doselessthan200mg/day)comparedwithplaceboat12weeks(SMD-0.57,95%CI-1.09,-0.05,P=0.03,randomeffectsmodel).

掌握samepatternwithdifferentsubjectsanddataMeasuresofmood…showsbenefitforGinkgo(doselessthan200mg/day)comparedwithplaceboat12weeks(SMD-0.57,95%CI-1.09,-0.05,P=0.03,randomeffectsmodel).

掌握当代(科技)医学英语特点ControlledlanguageReviewers‘conclusionsMeritsImperfectProspect掌握Reviewers‘conclusions–优点Ginkgobilobaappearstobesafeinusewithnoexcesssideeffectscomparedwithplacebo.应用白果相对安慰剂无过度副作用，显得(似乎)安全。掌握Reviewers‘conclusions–说明Manyoftheearlytrialsusedunsatisfactorymethods,weresmall,andwecannotexcludepublicationbias.许多早期试验应用效果不满意者多为小型研究,综述者不能排除论文偏倚。掌握Reviewers'conclusions-优点OverallthereispromisingevidenceofimprovementincognitionandfunctionassociatedwithGinkgo.总体上讲，白果改善认知与功能依据前景良好。掌握Reviewers‘conclusions–不足However,thethreemoremoderntrialsshowinconsistentresults.然而，有３个以上当代临床试验的结果不一致。掌握Reviewers’conclusions–展望Thereisneedforalargetrialusingmodernmethodologyandpermittinganintention-to-treatanalysistoproviderobustestimatesofthesizeandmechanismofanytreatmenteffects.尚需应用现代的方法学与“意向治疗分析”大型临床试验，以提供任何治疗效应大小的有力依据与机制。掌握Summary–keypointsTitle:干预+for+病症Author:≥2,independentlyStructureofSR:8sections