2023年同等学力申硕英语试题

2023年同等学力英语试题卷一PartI．DialogueCommunication(10minutes10points)SectionADialogueCompletionDirection:Inthissection,youwillread5shortincompletedialoguesbetweentwospeakers,eachnfollowedby4choicesmarkedA,B,C,andDChoosethebestanswerthatbestsuitsthesituationtocompletethedialoguebymarkingthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.A:Sorrytobotheryou,butcouldyoutellmethewaytoSunsetRoad?B:___________A.SorryIcouldn’thelpB.Yes,whatcanIdoforyou?C.I’mafraidIhavenoidea.D.It’snottoofarfromhere,isit?2.A：Doyoudoexerciseseveryday?B:____________A.No，itdependsonwhatkindofexercise?B.No,Igotohealthclubmostofthetime.C.Yes，usuallyeveryotherday.D.Yes，rainorshine.3.A:Thatwasadeliciousmeal,Mrs.Barr.Thankyouverymuch.B：________________A.You’rewelcome.B.Nevermind.C.Itdoesn’tmatter.D.It'sjustOK.4.A：Ihavealastfavortoaskofyou.Couldyoudrivemydaughtertotheairport?B:________________A.ShallIgettheticketforher.B.Yeah,Ilikethat.C.YoubetIwill.D.Sureit’dbeapleasure.5.A:MayIseethedentistnow?B:_______________A.Isitarealemergency?B.Doyouhaveanappointment?C.Inthatcase,you’llhavetowait.D.I'lltalktothedentistandsqueezeyouin.SectionBDialogueComprehensionDirection:Inthissection,youwillread5shortconversationsbetweenamanandawoman,Attheendofeachconversationthereisaquestionfollowedby4choicesmarkedA,B,C,andDChoosethebestanswertotilequestionfromthe4choicesbymarkingthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.6.Man:I'mgoingtoasktheneighborstoturnthemusicdown.Ican’thearmyselfthinkWoman:Doyoureallythinkitmakesmydifferencetothem?Question:Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Heshouldhavetoldthemearlier.B.Itisofnousetoturnthemusicdown.C.Theneighborswillnotlistentohim.D.Heshouldfocusonhisownthinking7.Man:Whatshallwetakefortherap?Woman:We'dbettertakethebarenecessities.Question:Whatdoesthewomansuggest?A.Theyshouldtakeaslittleaspossible.B.TheyshouldtaketheirdailynecessitiesC.Theyshouldtakeasmuchastheycan.D.Theyshouldtakenothingwiththem,8.Woman:Wearegoingtogoawayonvacation…Canyouhearme?Man:I'mallears.Question:Whatdoesthemanmean?A.HeislisteningattentivelyB.Hecouldn'tcareless.C.Helikesthewoman'sideaD.Heisagainstthewoman'splan.9.Woman:I’mreallybehindwithmyproject.Canyouhelpme?Man:I'01afraidyoubitoffmorethanyoucouldchew!Question:Whatdoesthemanmean?A.HeisnotwillingtohelpthewomanB.Thewomanisunabletodotheproject.C.Thewomanisdoingmorethanshecanmanage.D.Heisnotinapositiontohelpthewoman.10.Woman:There'sBillonhismotorcycleagain.Didhegetitfixedinthegarage?Man:Don'tbesilly.Thatwouldhavekeenawasteofmoney.Itonlyhadaflattire.Question:Whatdoesthemanimply?A.Thewomanwassosillyastowastemuchmoney.B.Itwascostlytohavethemotorcyclefixedinthegarage.C.Billmusthaverepairedmemotorcyclehimself.D.Therewasaseriousproblemwiththemotorcycle.partIIVocabulary(10minutes,10points)SectionADirection:Inthissectionthereare10sentences,eachwithonewordorphraseunderlined.Choosetheonefromthe4choicesmarkedA,B,CandDthatbestkeepsthemeaningofthesentence.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.11.Readersarerequiredtoabidebytherulesofthelibraryandmindtheirmanners.A.observeB.memorizeC.reviewD.compose12.ThecoachexplainedtheregulationsatlengthtomakesurethatnoneofhisplayersworldbecomeviolatorsA.atlastB.atlargeC.indetailD.inshort13.Thecostofhealthcareandhealthinsuranceremainsthemosturgenthealthproblemfacingthecountrytoday.A.pressingB.importantC.neglectedD.complicated14.Shebelievesthatsheisnotagoodmotherbecauseshedoesnotfitthestereotypeofawomanwhospendsallhertimewithherchildren.A.popularimageB.commonstandardC.fixedconceptionD.pleasantnotion15.ThusthemostlogicalapproachistofocusouranalysisonthetraderelationsofSpainwithotherEuropeancountries.A.reasoningB.conclusionC.positionD.method16.Wenolongerkeepuptheclosefriendshipofafewyearsagothoughwestillvisiteachotheronoccasion.A.ingoodtimeB.uptodateC.nowandthenD.onceandforall17.Theuniversityofferedseveralmorecoursesforthepurposeoffurtheringthecareeraspirationsofitsstudents.A.ambitionsB.achievementsC.advantagesD.advances18.Manywomenprefertousecosmeticstoenhancetheirbeautyandmakethemlookyounger.A.enforceB.magnifyC.improveD.polish19.Theleadersofthetwocountriesareplanningtheirsummitmeetingwithapledgetomaintainanddevelopgoodties.A.strategyB.standpointC.promiseD.priority20.Manyyoungstershaveheardtheirparentssay“You’llneveramounttoanythingifyoukeepdaydreamingthatway!”A.beequaltoB.accomplishC.adduptoD.pursueSectionBDirections:Inthissection,thereare10incompletesentences.Foreachsentencethereare4choicesmarkedAbCandD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.21.Twodecadesagoawomanwhoshookhandswithmenonherown_________wasusuallyviewedastooforward.A.endeavorB.initiativeC.motivationD.preference22.Thefruit___________morethanhalfthecountry’sannualexports.accordingtoarecentreport.A.accountsforB.standsforC.providesforD.makesfor23.Theviolent________ofhisyouthreappearedandwasdirectednotonlyatthearmybutathiswifeaswell.A.impatienceB.characterC.temperD.quality24.Thishypothesisstatesthatenvironmentsthataretoocleanmayactuallymakethe________systemdevelopoversensitiveresponses.A.mentalB.nervousB.immuneD.physical25.TheAdultVocationalCollegeisanopportunitytogaintherightqualificationsforvariouscareersforitoffersan________rangeofsubjectsandcourses.A.additionalB.excessiveC.adequateD.extensive26.It’sdisturbingtonotehowmanyofthecrimeswedoknowaboutweredetected_________notbysystematicinspectionsorothersecurityprocedures.A.byaccidentB.onscheduleC.ingeneralD.atintervals27.Youcanalways_______Jiminacrisis,forheissimplythemosthelpfulpersonI’veeverknown.A.refertoB.countonC.copewithD.runinto28.Hewantedtostayathome,butatlastheagreed,very_____though,togototheconcert.A.decisivelyB.reluctantlyC.willinglyD.deliberately29.Theaudience,hostileatfirst,weregreatly_____byherexcellentperformance.A.annoyedB.encouragedC.impressedD.depressed30.Manybirdsandinsectsanbuild_____neststoprovideshelterfortheiryoung.A.gloriesB.elaborateC.splendidD.advancedPartIIIReadingComprehension(45minutes,25points)Directions:Thereare5passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedby5questionsorunfinishedstatement.Foreachofthemthereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethebestoneandmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.PassageOneAtallageandatalstagesoflife,fearpresentsaproblemtoalmosteveryone.“Wearelargelytheplaythingsofourfears,”wrotetheBritishauthorHoraceWalpolemanyyearsago.“Toone,fearofthedark;toanother,ofphysicalpain;toathirdofpublicridicule;toafourth,ofpoverty;toloneliness----forallofusourparticularcreaturewaitsinahiddenplace.”Fearisoftenausefulemotion.Whenyoubecomefrightened,manyphysicalchangesoccurwithinyourbody.Yourheartbeatandresponsesquicken;yourpupilsexpandtoadmitmorelight;largequantitiesofenergy-producingadrenaline（肾上腺素）arepouredintoyourbloodstream.Confrontedwithafireoraccident,fearcanfuellife-savingflight（逃离）.Similarly,whenadangerispsychologicalratherthanphysical,fearcanforceyoutotakeself-protectivemeasures.Itisonlywhenfearisdisproportionaltothedangerathandthatitbecomesaproblem.Somepeoplearesimplymorevulnerabletofearthanothers.Avisittothenewbornnurseryofanylargehospitalwilldemonstratethat,fromthemomentoftheirbirths,afewfortunateinfantsrespondcalmlytosuddenfear-producingsituationssuchasaloudlyslammeddoor.Yetaneighborinthenextbedmaycryoutwithprofoundfright.Frombirth,heorsheismorepronetolearnfearfulresponsesbe3causeheorshehasinheritedatendencytobemoresensitive.Further,psychologistsknowthatourearlyexperiencesandrelationshipsstronglyshapeanddetermineourlaterfears.AyoungmannamedBill,forexample,grewupwithafatherwhoregardedeachadversityasatemporaryobstacletobeovercomewithimaginationandcourage.Usinghisfatherasammodel,Billcametowelcomeadventureandtotrusthisownabilitytosolveproblems.Phil’sdad,however,spentmostofhistimetryingtoprotecthimselfandhisfamily.Afraidtorisktheinsecurityofajobchange,heremainedunhappyinoneposition.Heavoidedlongvacationsbecause“thecarmightbreakdown.“Growingupinsuchahome,Philnaturallylearnedtobecomefearfulandtense.31.InthelastsentenceofParagraph1,“ourparticularcreature’refersto______.A.fearofsomethingB.afiercebeastC.physicalpainD.publicridicule32.Fearcanbeusefulemotiontousbecauseitcan_____.A.stimulatemanyphysicalchangeswithinourbodyB.quickenourheartbeatandresponsesC.pourlargequantitiesofadrenalineintoourbloodstreamD.helpusrespondquicklytodangerandprotectourselves33.Fearbecomesaproblemonlywhen______.A.thedangeristhoughtgreaterthanitreallyisB.thedangerisorepsychologicalthanphysicalC.onecannotstandthedangerD.oneisnotwellpreparedforit34.Differentresponsesofnewborninfantstoaloudlyslammeddoorimplythat______.A.somepeopleareinherentlymoreeasilyaffectedbydangerB.people’sresponsetostimuliisnotaninheritedfeatureC.somepeopleseemtobeverysensitivetonoiseD.peoplesometimesseemtoturnadeafeartonoise35.Psychologistshavefoundthatourlaterfearsaredeterminedlargelybyour______.A.homeeducationB.schooleducationC.parents’lifestyleD.earlyexperiencesPassageTwoSeahorsesareunusualparents.Thefemaleseahorseslaytheeggs,butunlikeothercreatures,it’sthemalesthatgivebirthtotheyoung.Maleseahorsehaveafoldofskinontheirbelliesthatformsapocket,calledabroodpouch.Duringthebreedingseason,theseahorse’spouchswellstoreceiveeggs.Afemaleseahorselaysupto200eggsatatimeinthepouch.Thensheswimsoff,leavinghermalepartnertocareforthedevelopingeggsandgivebirthtoyoungseahorses.Thefemalewillreturneverydaytocheckonhermateandtheeggs,butshedoesn’tstaylong,nordoesshetakepartinthebirth.Ittakesfromtosixweeksfortheeggsinthemale’spouchtodevelop.Duringthistimethemaleavoidsopenwaterandhidesinseagrass.Hisbigpouchmakesitdifficultformhimtoswim,sothemaleoftenuseshisoftenuseshistailtograspapieceofseagrass.Firmly,grippingthegrass,hewillstayperfectlystillforhoursorevendays.Themaleseahorsewillchangehiscolortoblendwithhissurroundingsandavoidbeingseenbypredatorswhowilltrytoeathimorpokeholesinhispouchtogettheeggs.Theeggshatchinsidethemale’spouch.Whenthebabiesbeginmovingaround,themaleseahorseknowsit’stimeforthemtobeborn.Hegrabsaseagrassstemwithhistailandbeginsrocking,bendinghisbodybackandforth．Thiscausestheopeningtoenlargeuntilitiswideenoughforthefirstbabyseahorsetoshootout.Thefatherseahorsecontinuesrocking,bending,andstretchinghisbabyseahorsetoshootour.Thefatherseahorsecontinuesrocking,bending,andstretchinghisbodysothattherestofthebabiescanbeborn.Sometimeshehastopresshispouchagainstarockorsomestiffseaweedtoforcetheyoungout.Seahorsebabiesareborningroupsoffiveormore.Sometimesittakestwodaysforthefatherseahorsetogivebirthtoallhisyoung.Heisverytieredwhenit’sover.Soonaftergivingbirthtoonebrood,themalewillapproachhismateandshowherhisemptypouch.Thistellsherheisreadytoreceiveeggsagain.36.Whatpartdoesthefemaleseahorseplayinhavingbabies?A.Receiveeggs.B.Layingeggs.C.HatchingeggsD.Protectingeggs37.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassageaboutgivingbirthtobabyseahorses?A.Itisdangerousforthefemale.B.IthappensonceayearC.ItishardworkforthemaleD.Itoccursinthedeepsea.38.Toprotecthimselfandhiseggs,themaleseahorsedoesallthefollowingEXCEPT______.A.changinghiscolorB.grippingapieceofgrassC.stayingmotionlessD.enlarginghispouch39.Theauthorsuggestswhenseahorsebabiesarereadytobeborn_______.A.themaleseahorseseemsveryhappyB.itisdifficultforthemtocomeoutC.thefemaleseahorsejoinsthemaleD.theyneedlargespaceinthepouch40.Whichfactdoestheauthorwantthereadertoremembermost?A.Themaleseahorsegivesbirthtotheyoung.B.Thefemaleseahorselaysupto200eggsatatime.C.Babyseahorseareborningroupsoffiveormore.D.Thefemalewillreturneverydaytocheckontheeggs.PassageThreeWhen23-year-oldEricAtienzagraduatedfromcollegelastyear,hedidn’thaveajob.Notwantingtogiveuphisapartmentandmovebackwithhisparents,hedidwhatmanyyoungAmericansaredoing:hesignedupwithatempagency,whichplacesworkersonshort-termjobs.TemporaryworkerssuchasAtienzacomprise20per5centoftheUSworkforce.In1985,417,000workerswereclassifiedastemporaryhelp.In2023,therearemorethan2.5million,accordingtoLabourDepartmentdata.Usingtemporaryworkersallowscompaniestoincreaseordecreasethenumberofstaffastheirworkloadschange.Italsoallowscompaniestoavoidthecostsinvolvedinhiringandfiringlong-termemployees.Manytempagencyownersandcareerspecialistssaytempingisagoodwayforrecentgraduatestogetexperience.“Short-termjobsletgraduatestryoutdifferentcompaniestofindthebestfit,”saidPegiWheatley,ownerofMcCallStaffing,aSanFranciscotempagency.Butthingsdon’talwaysworkoutthatway.“WhenIstartedtemping,Ihadthisnotionthatatemporaryjobcouldturnfull-time.Itworkedforafriendofmine,butthatdidn’thappenforme,”,saidAtienza,whoquicklybecameboredwithhisofficework.AtienzastayedwiththetempagencybecausehecouldearnUS$10anhourdoingofficework.Othershort-termjobs,suchasworkingasastoreclerkorinacafé,payaboutUS$7.Butthereweretrade-offsforthehigherpay.BecauseintheUS,healthinsuranceisprovidedthroughemployer,mosttempsarenoteligibleforworkplacehealthbenefits.Atienzarantheriskthatanaccidentorillnesswouldlandhiminthehospitalwithnowaytopaythebill.Otherdrawbacks,thoughlessserious,stillmeanthattempingformostgraduatesisexactlywhatitsnameimplies----atemporarychoice.Instability,gapsbetweencontracts,lackofvacationtimeandisolationfromotheremployeesareoften-citednegatives.“TempinggavemethetimetofigureoutwhatIwantedtodo,becauseIcouldpayoffmybills.Butnoneofthatcamefromthejobsthemselves,”saidAtienza,whoquittempinglastmonthinfavorofafull-timejob.41.Atienzatookashort-termjobmainlybecause_______.A.hedidn’twanttogiveuphisapartmentB.helikedtotryoutdifferentcompaniesC.hewantedtogetmoreexperienceD.hecouldn’tfindalong-termjob42.Accordingtothepassage,intheyearof2023,theUnitedStateshadaworkforceofmorethan______.A.25millionB.12.5millionC.4.17millionD.2.5million43.WhichisNOTmentionedasanadvantageoftemping?A.Itgivesrecentgraduatesexperience.B.Itenablesemployerstoadjusttheirworkforce.C.Atemporaryjobwillturnfull-time.D.Employerscanreducetheircosts.44.Atinenzastayedwiththetempagencyforsometimebecause______.A.helikedhisofficeworkB.hewassatisfiedwiththepayC.hisemployerprovidedhealthinsuranceD.hehatedgapsbetweencontracts45.Whatdoestheword“trade-offs”inParagraph5mean?A.BenefitsB.CompromisesC.RisksD.Disadvantages.PassageFourScientistsarehopingtoeliminatemalaria(疟疾)bydevelopingageneticallymodifiedmosquitothatcannottransmitthedisease.MalariahaslongtroubledthepopulationsofSouthAmerica,Africa,andAsia,wheremosquitobitesinfectupto500millionpeopleayearwiththisseriousandsometimesfatalparasiticblooddisease.Forgenerations,scientistshavebeentryingtoeliminatemalariabydevelopingnewdrugsandusingpesticide(杀虫剂)towipeoutlocalmosquitopopulations.Butthesemeasuresaren’tworking----andsomescientists,likeGregLanzaro,saythatbecauseofdrugresistanceandpopulationchanges,malariaisactuallymoreprevalentnowthanitwas20yearsago.Lanzarosayshehasabetterwaytostopthespreadofmalaria:geneticallymodifyingmosquitoessotheyareunabletocarrythedisease.Lanzaroandhiscolleaguesareplanningamulti-yearprojecttoproducemalaria-resistantmosquitoes----andhethinkstheycandoitwihinfiveyears.“Wecangetforeignintomosquitoesandtheygowherethey’resupposedtogo,”Lanzarosays,pointingoutthatscientistshavealreadysucceededingeneticallyengineeringmosquitoesthatcannottransmitmalariatobirdsandmice.And,hesays,scientistsarequicklymakingprogressongenesthatblocktransmissionofthediseasetohumansaswell.Themostdifficultpartscientifically,Lanzarosays,isfiguringouthowtogetthelab-engineeredmosquitoestospreadtheirgenesintonaturalpopulationsAfterall,hepointsout,it’suselesstoengineermosquitoesinthelabthatcan’ttransmitmalariawhentherearemillionsoutinthewildthatcan.Tosolvethisproblem,LanzarowantstoloadupamobilepieceofDNAwiththemalaria-resistantgene,andtheninsertitintoagroupofmosquitoembryos.Themalaria-resistantgenewouldbeintegrateddirectlyintothemosquitoes’DNA,makingitimpossibleforthosemosquitoestotr5ansmittheparasitethatcausesmalaria.Inthiswayasmallgroupoflab-raisedmosquitoescouldbereleasedintothewild,andbyinterbreedingwithwildmosquitoes,eventuallytransmitthebeneficialgenetotheentirepopulation.46.Onereasonformalariatobemorewidespreadnowisthat______.A.morepeoplehavemovedtomalaria-infectedareasB.mosquitoeshavebecomeresistanttopesticidesC.geneticallymodifiedmosquitoesstilltransmitthediseaseD.mosquitoesbiteasmanyas500millionpeopleayear47.Lanzaroishopefulthatinafewyearmancan______.A.starttoeliminatemalariaB.cureparasiticblooddiseasesC.preventmiceformtransmittingparasitesD.acquireimmunityagainstmalaria48.Lanzaroisconfidentthatscientistscanblockthetransmissionsofmalariatohumansbecause_______.A.naturalmosquitopopulationsdonotchangeB.scientistshavesucceededwithbirdsandmiceC.foreigngenesalwaysgowheretheyarerequiredD.lab-raisedmosquitoeswillnotberesistanttodrugs49.WhatisthemostdifficultpartofLanzaro’sproject?A.Spreadingmalaria-resistantgenesintonaturalmosquitopopulationsB.Raisingmalaria-resistantmosquitoesC.MakinggenesthatblockthetransmissionofmalariaD.Identifyingmalaria-resistantgenes50.Accordingtothepassage,afundamentalwaytowipeoutmalariaisto______.A.developnewmalaria-resistantdrugsB.produceeffectivepesticidestokillmosquitoesC.changethegeneticmakeupofmosquitoesD.removepeoplefrommalaria–infectedareasPassageFiveAccordingtoScottAdams,creatorofthecomicstrip(系列漫画)Dilbert,theannualperformancereviewis“oneofthemostfrighteningandweakeningexperiencesineveryemployee’slife.Adam’sstor5iesandcomicfigurespokefunattheworkplace,buthischaracterizationofpeople’sfeelingsabouttheannualperformancereviewhasitsseriousside.Althougharecentstudyof437companiesindicatesthateffectiveannualperformancereviewscanhelpraiseprofits,mostemployeesofthosecompanieshatethem.Intheory,annualperformancereviewsareconstructiveandpositiveinteractionsbetweenmanagersandemployeesworkingtogethertoattainmaximumperformanceandstrengthentheorganization.Inreality,theyoftencreatedivision,underminemorale,andsparkangerandjealousy.Thusalthoughtheobjectoftheannualperformancereviewistoimproveperformance,itoftenhastheoppositeresult.AprogrammeratanITfirmwasstunnedtolearnatherannualperformancereviewthatshewasdeniedapromotionbecauseshewasn’ta“termplayer.”Whatwerethedatausedtomakethisjudgment?Shedidn’tsmileinthecompanyphoto.AlthoughthisstorymightsoundasifitcamestraightoutofDilbert,itisatrueaccountofonewoman’sexperience.Byfollowingafewideasandguidelinesfromindustryanalysis,thiskindofordealcanbeavoided:Toendtheyearwithapositiveandusefulperformancereview,managersandemployeesmuststarttheyearbyworkingtogethertoestablishcleargoalsandexpectations.Itmaybehelpfultoallowemployeestoproposealistofpeopleassociatedwiththecompanywhowillbeinagoodpositiontoassesstheirperformanceattheendoftheyear;thesepeoplemaybeco-workers,suppliers,orevencustomers.Goalsshouldbemeasurablebutflexible,andeveryoneshouldsignoffontheplan.Bycheckingemployees’progressataboutninemonths,managerscangivethemachancetocorrectmistakesandprovideguidancetothosewhoneeditbeforetheyearisout.Whenconductingthereview,managersshouldhighlightstrengthsandweaknessesduringthepastyearanddiscussfutureresponsibilities,avoidingpunishmentorblame.Inshort,whenemployeesleavetheirperformancereviews,theyshouldbefocusingonwhattheycandobetterintheyearahead,notworryingaboutwhatwentintotheirfilesaboutthepast.51.InhiscomicstripDilbert,ScottAdams_______.A.makefunofworkingpeopleB.tellsastoryaboutaswomanemployeeC.promoteteamspiritamongco-workersD.mocksannualperformancereviews52.AllthefollowingarementionedasthedrawbacksofannualperformancereviewsEXCEPT________.A.reducingefficiencyB.creatingtensionC.underminingmoraleD.inducinganger53.Theword“ordeal”Paragraph3probablyrefersto_____.A.likelihoodofpromotionB.depressiveexperienceC.poorperformanceD.unrealisticexpectation54.Theannualperformancereviews,tobeeffective,mustfocuson________.A.makingemployeesawareoftheircompany’sfuturegoalsB.involvingemployeesinassessingtheirownperformanceC.encouragingemployeestoachievebetterfutureperformanceD.highlightingwhatresponsibilitiesemployeeshavefailedin55.ThegeneralattitudeoftheauthortowardAdam’scomicstripDilbertis________.A.negativeB.positiveC.neutralD.unclearPartIVClozeTest(15minutes,15points)Directions:Inthispart,thereisapassagewithfifteenblanks.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethebestanswerforeachblankandmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.Advertisingisaformofselling.Forthousandsofyearstherehavebeenindividualswhohavetriedto56otherstobuythefoodtheyhaveproducedorthegoodstheyhavemadeortheservicestheycan57.Butinthe19thcenturythemassproductionofgoods58theIndustrialRevolutionmadeperson-to-personsellinginefficient.Themassdistributionofgoodsthat59thedevelopmentoftherailwayandhighwaymadeperson-to-personsellingtooslowandexpensive.Atthesametimemasscommunicationfirstnewspapersandmagazinesthenradioandtelevisionmademasssellingthrough60possible.Theobjectiveofanyadvertisementistoconvincepeoplethatitisintheirbest61totaketheactiontheadvertiserisrecommending.Theaction62betopurchaseaproductuseaservicevoteforapoliticalcandidateoreventojointheArmy.Advertisingasa63developedfirstandmostrapidlyintheUnitedStatesthecountrythatusesittothegreatest64In1980advertisingexpendituresintheU.S.exceeded55billiondollarsor652percentofthegrossnationalproduct.Canadaspentabout1.2percentofitsgrossnationalproduct6667advertisingbringstheeconomiesofmasssellingtothemanufactureritproducesbenefitsfortheconsumer68.Someofthoseeconomiesarepassedalongtothepurchasersothatthecostofacostofaproductsoldprimarilythroughadvertisingisusuallyfar69thanonesoldthroughpersonalsalespeople.Advertisingbringspeopleimmediatenewsaboutproductsthathavejustcomeonthemarket.Finallyadvertising70fortheprogramsoncommercialtelevisionandradioandforabouttwothirdsofthecostofpublishingmagazineandnewspapers.56.A.requestB.obligeC.affectD.persuade57.A.transferB.secureC.enjoyD.perform58.A.resultingfromB.dealingwithC.leadingtoD.goingfor59.A.followedB.precededC.ach5evedD.induced60.A.marketingB.advertisingC.salespeopleDagents61.A.profitsB.benefitsC.interestsD.gains62.A.shouldB.wouldC.mayD.will63.A.businessB.serviceCproductD.profession64.A.amountB.extentC.possibilityD.utility65,AsimilarlyB.supposedlyC.approximatelyD.accountably66.A.withB.atC.intoD.on67.A.WhileB.ThereforeC.ButD.If68.A.aswellB.asusualC.asaresultD.asarule69.A.moreB.lessC.cheaperD.dearer70.A.worksB.callsC.looksD.paysPartVErrorDetection(10minutes,5points)Directions:Inthissection,thereare10sentences.Eachsentencehas4underlinedwordsorphrasesmarked