读写任务各种文体概括

“读写任务”复习系列之概括指导近年广东高考“读写任务”分析年份PartOne阅读材料形式PartTwo体裁话题2011记叙记叙想家的经历2012记叙文夹叙夹议教师对学生的影响2013议论

议论对平凡工作的看法读写任务的特征和基本要求：读写任务写作是具有一定开放性的写作命题。选材内容：考生熟悉或比较熟悉的题材；文体要求：议论文或记叙文。读写任务写作必须涵盖三个方面：

1．首段：用一两句话概述原文内容要点，约30个词；

2．主体：依据材料陈述自我观点并加以例证来验证，约110个词；

3．尾段：套语配名言来进行点题，要前后呼应，三位一体，约20个词。Howtowritea

summaryWritingsummaryKeypointsHowtowriteWhattowriteTask1:

StudythewritingskillsSkill1:Omit(省略)thedetailsSkill2:Omittherepetitions(重复)Skill3:OmittheexamplesSkill4:Usegeneral(概括性)wordsinsteadofspecific(具体的)wordsSkill5:PutthemainpointsofadialogueinindirectspeechSkill6:Usesynonyms(同义词)orshorterphrases.(间接引语)1.Example:Then,youcanthinkofawaytomakebothsideshappy.Herearesometips:1.Maketimetotalk.Youcouldtalkaboutyourschoollifeandyourplansforthefuture.2.Keepadiary.Itcanhelpyouunderstandmoreaboutyourselfandyourfeelings.3.Showyourparentsyouaregrowingup.Washyourownclothesandhelparoundthehouse.Pleasefollowtheexampletochoosetheproperskillfromtheones.>>Therearesometipsforchildrentofollowsothattheycangetonwellwiththeirparents.Skill1:Omitthedetails2.Example:

Sometimes,kidsdon’tthinktheirparentsarefairtothem.Whenyouwanttodressinamodernway,yourmumdoesn’tlikeyouwearingamini-skirt.Whenyouaremakingphonecallstofriends,theyaskwhetheryou’respeakingtoaboyoragirl.

>>Itisquitenaturalthatwechildrenlookatthesameproblemdifferentlyfromourparents.Skill3:Omittheexamples.3.Example:

KatelookedatPauldisapprovingly,“Youusetoomuchsaltonyourfood,Paul.It’snotatallgoodforyou!”Paulputdownhisknifeandfrowned,“Whyonearthnot!Ifyoudidn’thavesaltonyourfooditwouldtasteawful…likeeatingcardboardorsand…justimaginebreadwithoutsaltinit!”>>KatesuggestedthatPaulshouldeatlesssalt.ButPauldisagreed.Hesaidthatfoodwithoutsaltwouldbetasteless.

Skill5:Putthemainpointsofadialogueinindirectspeech.4.Example:

ShebroughthomeseveralChineseandEnglishnovels,afewcopiesofTimeandNewsweek,andsometextbooks.Sheintendedtoreadallofthemduringthewintervacation.>>Shebroughthomealotofbooksandmagazinestoreadduringthevacation.Skill4:Usegeneral(概括性)wordsinsteadofspecific(具体的)words.Task2:learnhowtosummarizethewholepassage①段意合并法②要素串联法③主题概括法

Summarizeeachpassagewiththeproperskill.StylesofpassagesNarration（记叙文&夹叙夹议)1Argumentation(议论文)2Exposition(说明文)3A[写作内容]1)以大约30个词概括短文的要点；2)以大约120个词写一篇记叙文，描写你或你的朋友因祸得福的一次经历，并包含以下内容：a)叙述你或你的朋友因祸得福的一次真实或虚构的经历；b)谈谈这次经历对你或你的朋友的影响。

YearsagoinScotlandClarkandhiswifeworkedandsaved,makingplansfortheirfamilytotraveltotheUnitedStates.Finallytheyhadsavedenoughmoneyandgottenpassports.Theentirefamilywerefilledwithexcitement.However,sevenbeforetheirdeparture,theyoungestsonwasbittenbyadog.ThedoctorseweduptheboybuthungayellowsheetontheClarks'frontdoor.Becauseofthepossibilityofrabies,theywereseparatedforfourteendays.Thefamily'sdreamwasdashed.TheywouldnotbeabletomakethetriptoAmericaastheyplanned.Thefather,filledwithdisappointmentandanger,weptbittertearsandcursedbothhissonandGodfortheirmisfortune.Fivedayslater,thetragicnewsspreadthroughoutBritain---Titanic,whichwasonhermaidenvoyageonApril14,1912,hadsunk,takinghundredsofliveswithit.TheClarkfamilyshouldhavebeenonthatship,butbecausethesonhadbeenbittenbyadog,theywereleftbehind.WhenMr.Clarkheardthenews,hehuggedhissonandthankedhimforsavingthefamily.HethankedGodforturningwhathehadfeltwasatragedyintoablessing.Who(人物)What(发生什么事情)First：Next:Finally:Implication(寓意－如有则写)Summaryaofastory:

要素串连法故事性的短文概括应围绕“什么人、发生了什么事、结局如何，（有什么寓意）”来写，即阐述一个故事梗概，忌力陈细节，忌掺入个人评价。Skill:Combinationofelements要素串联法

Who

(人物)What(发生什么事情)First：Next:Finally:Implication(寓意－如有则写)onesonwasbittenunluckilydidn’tboardTitanicwerefortunatelysavedatragedyturnedintoablessingtheClarkfamilyFindoutkeypointsinthestory:Summary:Thisstoryisaboutatragedyturningintoablessing.TheClarkfamily,whowereunluckytomissboardingTitanicbecauseonesonwasbittenbyadog,werefortunatelysaved.（31words)Skill:

②要素串联法（常用于记叙文或夹叙夹议文）

Youmaybeginlikethese:

1.Thepassageisabout…2.Thewritertellsusabout…3.Thestoryisabout…4.Theauthortellsusthat…纯记叙文的阅读材料，应该用最简练的语言来说明故事5Ws，不能拖泥带水。若夹叙夹议的阅读材料，概括玩故事后还要讲述该故事给你的启示或其中的一个道理，即5Ws+whattolearn。

B[写作内容]1)以约30个词概括短文的要点；2)然后以约120个词就“努力学习，快乐生活”的主题发表看法，并包括如下要点：a)你赞同“努力学习也可以快乐生活”这一观点吗？为什么？b)举例说明你的同学是如何努力学习并保持健康乐观的心态的？c)简述如何才能做到努力学习并快乐生活？阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

Scientistsfindthathard-workingpeoplelivelongerthanaveragemenandwomen.Careerwomenarehealthierthanhousewives.Evidenceshowsthatthejoblessareinpoorerhealththanthejob-holders.Astudyshowsthatwhenevertheemploymentrateincreasesby1%,thedeathrateincreasecorrespondinglyby2%.Allthiscomesdowntoonepoint:workishelpfultohealth.Whyisworkgoodforhealth?Itisbecauseworkkeepspeoplebusy,awayfromloneliness.Researchesshowthatpeoplefeelunhappy,worriedandlonelywhentheyhavenothingtodo.Instead,thehappiestarethosewhoarebusy.Workservesasabridgebetweenmanandreality.Bywork,peoplecomeintocontactwitheachother.Bycollectiveactivities,theyfindfriendshipandwarmth.Thisishelpfultohealth.Thelossofworkmeansthelossofeverything.Itaffectsmanspirituallyandmakeshimlikelytodisease.Besides,workgivesoneasenseoffulfillmentandasenseofachievement.Workmakesonefeelhisvalueandstatusinsociety.Whenawriterfinisheshiswritingorteacherseeshisstudentsgrow,theyarehappybeyondwords.论点—观点论证—理由Findoutthetopicsentenceandsupportingpointsinthepassage:Workishelpfultohealth.workkeepspeoplebusy,awayfromlonelinessb.workgivesoneasenseoffulfillmentandasenseofachievement注意：用自己的话表达Skill:主题概括法/段意合并法(topicsentencesorkeywords，ifnotopicsentences)

(适合于议论文)Summary:Theauthorhighlightstheeffectofworkonpeople’shealth,becauseitcanridoneofloneliness,andmakeonefeelfruitfulandproudofhimself,whichalwayscontributestoagoodbody.（33words)Skill:

主题概括法\段意合并法

(适合于议论文)Usuallythebeginningofasummaryis:2.Thewriterargues/holdstheviewthat…1.Wecanknowfromthe

passagethat…3.Asfarastheauthor

isconcerned,…如果是议论文的阅读短文,则要尽可能客观简要地转述阅读材料的观点。c[写作内容]1)以约30个词概括短文的要点；2)然后以约120个词就“生态旅游”的主题发表看法，并包括如下要点：a)你认为生态旅游有什么好处？b)你认为如何有效地推动生态旅游业的发展？

Youmaynotbeveryfamiliarwith”ecotourism”---anewtermintoday’stourismindustry---butinanareaofgrowingenvironmentalconsciousness,itisnottoodifficultforustoimagineandworkoutthemeaningofthisnewformofholiday.Ecotourismistypicallydefinedastraveltoplaceswheretheuniqueflowers,plants,animalsandtheculturalheritagearetheprimaryattractions.Itisconsideredasakindofresponsibletourismwhichseriouslytakesecologyandcultureintoconsideration.Therefore,programsinvolvingtheconservationandpreservationofsomenaturalandculturalsitesalsoformapartofecotourism.Ecotourismisdevelopingatgreatspeed.AccordingtoareportbytheWorldTourismOrganization,ecotourisminrecentyearshasenjoyedanannualgrowthofabout5%worldwide.Over80activitieshavebeenlistedforeducation,suchasbirdwatching,hiking,diving,photography,mountaineeringandparticipatinginvariouskindsoflocalculturalevents.Althoughbigcitiesarestillthemajorplacesthatabsorbtouristsinoursocietytoday,itlookslikesomesmallertownsandruralareasrichinecological,culturalandhistoricalresourcesmaywellbecomethenewdestinationsforpeopletovisittomorrow.说明对象说明对象的解释

Findoutthetopic

andexpositionsinthepassage:ecotourism

Itisanewformofholidayb.Programsinvolvingtheconservationandpreservationofsomenaturalandculturalsitesalsoformapartofecotourism.Skill:

主题概括法\段意合并法(适合于说明文)d.somesmallertownsandruralareasrichinecological,culturalandhistoricresourcesmaywellbecomethenewdestinationsforpeopletovisittomorrow.注意：用自己的话表达C.Ecotourismisdevelopingatagreatspeed.Summary:Ecotourismisanewfast-developingformofholidaywhichattractstouristsbynaturalandculturalheritage,aswellashistoricresources.Itcanbeawaytoprotecttheenvironment.(30words)Skill:

主题概括法\段意合并法(适合于说明文)Youmaybeginlikethese:1.Asstatedinthearticle,…2.Accordingtothepassage,theauthorstatesthat…3.Inthepassage,theauthorstatesthat…说明性短文,用概括的文字来说明某种现象。

Thisstoryisaboutatragedyturningintoablessing.TheClarkfamily,whowereunluckytomissboardingTitanicbecauseonesonwasbittenb