Unit8讲义 八年级英语上册

Unit8讲义鲁教版八年级英语上册1、掌握现在完成时的语法2、了解生活环境的话题研究3、掌握本单元出现的一些重点词汇和重要句型，并能灵活运用4、Search

for

搜索，搜寻After

he

felt

better,

he

searched

for

work

at

the

various

mills.

他感到好些后,

就在各工厂找工作。

They

searched

all

the

drawers

for

the

missing

paper.

他们翻了所有的抽屉找寻那份遗失的文件。5、according

to意为“依照，按照”to为介词，后接名词、代词或从句What

is

the

meaning

of

the

word

according

to

the

passage?

根据文章，这个单词的意思是？6、hold及物动词，意为“拥有；抓住”【拓展】过去式和过去分词均为heldHe

holds

a

major

share

in

the

company.

他持有该公司的大部分股份。He

is

holding

a

book

in

her

hand.

她手里正拿着一本书。【拓展】hold用作及物动词，还可意为“举行；主持”，相当于haveThey

will

hold

a

meeting

to

discuss

this

problem

tomorrow.

他们明天会举行一场会议讨论这个问题。【拓展】在与动词连用时，只能用动名词形式的动词或短语有：consider

“考虑”

enjoy

“喜爱”

practice“练习”keep

（on）“继续（一直）”mind

“介意”

finish“完成”

have

fun

“高兴”

feel

like

“想要”look

forward

to

“盼望”

can’t

help

“禁不住”

give

up

“放弃”歌诀：喜欢错过别介意，完成愉快勤练习，禁不住考虑想放弃7、check

用作及物动词,

意为“检查,

审查”;

【搭配】check

out

意为“察看，观察”。If

you

finish

it,

check

it

by

yourself

first.

如果你完成了，就自己先检查一下。Check

out

all

the

books

for

children.察看一下所有的儿童书籍。check还可用作名词，意为“支票,

账单”。8、consider动词，意为“考虑”【搭配】think

about，后跟名词，代词，动名词，宾语从句或“疑问词+不定式”。Please

consider

my

advice.请考虑我的建议。I

am

considering

going

to

Beijing

on

vacation.我正在考虑去北京度假。He

has

never

considered

how

to

solve

the

problem.他从未考虑过如何解决那个问题。9、regard意为“将······认为；把······视为”。【搭配】常用短语regard

A

as

B意为“将A视为B；把A当做B”，as为介词，其后接名词或代词。I

regard

you

as

my

best

friend.我把你当做我最好的朋友。We

regard

him

as

our

brother.我们把他当成兄弟看待。10、to

be

honest

说实话11、a

symbol

of

。。。的象征I

frequently

use

sunflowers

as

a

symbol

of

strength.

我经常用向日葵来作为力量的象征。12、in

my

opinion

in

one’s

opinion=in

the

opinion

of

sb.

意为“依······看”。In

my

opinion,

it’s

best

to

make

some

cards

for

our

teachers.依我看，最好给我们的老师做些卡片。13、no

longer

不再He

was

long

a

famous

musician,

but

he

plays

no

longer.

他成为有名的音乐家已很久了,

但他现在不演奏了。

The

city's

water

supply

is

no

longer

adequate

for

its

need.

这个城市的供水已不敷需求。14、part

with

放弃(=give

up)、交出，part

v.

离开，

分开

n.部分,

地区，区域Don’t

part

with

your

dream.不要放弃你的梦想。Don’t

give

up

your

dream.15、before

/ago

【辨析】before和ago都能表示在一段时间以前，但是二者的内涵和具体用法有明显的区别：（1）before表示从过去或将来某一时间算起多少时间以前，由于与这一时间状语连用的行为先发生在过去或将来某一时刻之前，因此往往出现在过去完成时态或将来完成时态中。I

called

him

up

last

night,but

his

mother

told

me

he

had

left

for

Wuhan

two

days

before.She

said

that

she

had

married

him

five

years

before.

（2）如果不具体表明多少时间以前，before意为"从前；以前"，表示从现在开始追溯到过去一段时间，或主句的谓语动词表示的是经常、反复发生的行为，以副词的形式置于句末，可以用在现在完成时态中。I

have

never

been

to

Beijing

before.

Have

you

ever

seen

a

tiger

before?

注意：before前的时间状语如果是特定的，含义不一样。试比较：He

said

he

had

arrived

here

a

day

before.

(一天前)

He

said

he

had

arrived

here

the

day

before.

(前一天)

（3）ago指的是从现在起到过去时间的某一点的一段时间。这个时间状语常与一般过去时态或过去进行时态连用。I

graduated

from

the

college

twenty

years

ago.

（4）表示在某一时间点或事件以前时，只能用before，不用ago。因为这种用法是将before当作介词或连词使用。ago不具有这种功能。He

will

come

back

before

eleven

o'clock.

16、among与between差别【辨析】among

prep.

在三者或三者以上之间between

prep.

在两者之间

Tom

sits

among

the

students.

汤姆坐在学生之间。Tom

sits

between

Mary

and

Frank.汤姆坐在玛丽和弗兰克之间。17、--

How

long

have

you

had

that

bike

over

there?--

I

have

had

it

for

three

years.那边的自行车你买多久了啊？

我已经买了3年了。how

long,

how

soon,

how

often,

how

farHow

long

多久,

多长(时间)。对时间段提问,

如:

for+时间段；since+过去的时间点/时间段+ago/一般过去时的句子。--How

long

have

you

worked

in

Beijing?--For

five

years.--你在别经工作多久了？

--5年了【拓展】(1)How

soon多久以后。对“in+时间段提问,

常用于一般将来时”,

其答语常用“in+时间段”。--How

soon

will

Mr.

Li

be

back?--In

a

week.

--李先生多久之后回来？

--一周后(2)How

often

多久一次,

对频率提问,

其答语为:

once

(twice/…)+时间段,

always,

usually等。--How

often

do

you

exercise?--Once

a

day.--你多久做一次锻炼？

--一天一次。(3)How

far

多远，对距离提问，其答语是表距离的内容。--How

far

is

it

from

here

to

your

school?--Three

kilometers.--从这儿到你们学校多远？

--3千米。18、Amy

thinks

it’s

hard

to

sell

her

old

things.艾米认为卖掉她的旧东西很难。【用法】It’s

+adj.

(+for

sb.)

to

do

sth.

意为“（对某人来说）做某事时……的”it

是形式主语，真正主语是后面的动词不定式。It’s

important

for

un

to

learn

English

well.

学好英语对于我们来说是很重要的。19、And

check

out

these

soft

toys

and

board

games

for

younger

kids.为这些小孩子们检查一下这些柔软的玩具以及木质玩具。【用法】check

用作及物动词,

意为“检查,

审查”;

check

out

意为“察看，观察”。If

you

finish

it,

check

it

by

yourself

first.如果你完成了，就自己先检查一下。Check

out

all

the

books

for

children.察看一下所有的儿童书籍。20、Children

have

learned

to

read

and

count

at

my

old

primary

school

since

the

mid-20th

century.自从20世纪中期，孩子们在我过往的小学已经学习了读书和数数。【用法】century可数名词，意为“世纪；百年”，其复数形式为centuries。the

mid-20th

century

20世纪中期

eighteenth-century

writer

18世纪的作家A

hundred

years

is

a

century.一百年是一个世纪。21、Jeff’s

family

is

having

a

yard

sale.杰夫家正在院子中售卖东西。【用法】sale用作名词，意为“出售，销售”，on

sale意为“出售，上市”；for

sale意为“待售，供出售”，尤指从主人手里出售。Chickens

are

on

sale

in

the

market.小鸡在市场上出售。I’m

sorry,

it’s

not

for

sale.抱歉，它不出售。22、Amy

wants

to

keep

her

old

things

because

they

bring

back

sweet

memories.艾米想保留她的旧东西，因为它们勾起她的甜蜜回忆。【拓展】memory

n.

意为“记忆；回忆”，复数形式为memories，动词为memorize，意为“记忆，背诵”。She

has

a

good

memory.

她记忆力好。23、Most

of

the

children

in

my

time

liked

to

play

together

under

that

big

tree

,

especially

during

the

summer

holidays.在我那时候，大多数的孩子们都喜欢一起在那个大树下玩耍，尤其是在暑假的时候。【用法】especially副词，意为“尤其；特别；格外”，在句中作状语，用于列举某个特例或某事物的特殊性。形容词especial“特别的，特殊的”。Flowers

are

always

welcomed,

especially

in

winter.

鲜花总是受到欢迎，尤其是冬天。24、The

stories

inside

may

be

a

bit

old,

but

they’re

still

interesting.这里的故事可能有些老旧了，但是它们还是很有趣的。【用法】

a

bit

意为“一点儿,

稍微”,

修饰形容词或副词,

相当于a

little;

a

bit

of

+不可数名词,

a

little直接加不可数名词。There

is

a

bit

of/a

little

water

in

the

bottle.瓶子里有点儿水。not

a

bit

=not

at

all

意为“一点也不”not

a

little

=very

意为“非常”She

is

not

a

bit

happy.

她一点儿也不快乐。He

is

not

a

little

tired.=He

is

very

tired.

他非常累。25、现在完成时

现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态，并可能还将持续下去。简称“延续用法”.此用法需注意两点：（1）常与for,

since引导的时间段的时间状语连用.（2）动词使用延续性动词。因为瞬间动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能和时间段连用.

since

,

for

的用法:since:

(自…以来)(1)since+时间点He

has

stayed

here

since

5

o’clock.(2)since+

时间段+

agoHe

has

stayed

here

since

5

hours

ago.(3)since+

从句(句子要用一般过去时态）She

has

taught

English

since

he

came

here.

for:

(长达）for+

时间段He

has

kept

the