高级英语第一册Unit4EverydayUse

Unit4EverydayUse1AliceWalkerAliceWalker(1944-),poet,novelistandessayist,wasbornIntoapoorruralfamilyinEatonton,Georgia.Herwritingcareerbeganwiththepublicationofavolumeofpoetryin1968,withwasfollowedbyanumberofnovels,shortstoriescriticalessaysandmorepoetry.HerworksincludeTheLifeofGrangeCopeland(1970),Meridian(1976),abiographyofLangstonHughes(1973),avolumeofpoetryRevolutionaryPetuniasandOtherPoems(1973),acollectionofshortstoriesInLoveandTroubles:StoriesofBlackWomen(1973)andarecentnovelTheTempleofMyFamiliar(1989).HermostsignificantnovelisTheColorPurple,publishedin1982.

2EverydayUse“EverydayUse”(1973)isincludedintheNortonAnthologyofShortFiction,2nd,Edition,1981.Itdescribesthreewomen.Themotherisaworkingwomanwithoutmucheducation,butnotwithoutintelligenceorperception.Thetwodaughtersformasharpcontrastineveryconceivableway:appearance,character,personalexperiences,etc.ThestoryreachesitsclimaxattheMomentwhenDee,theelderdaughter,wantstheoldquiltsonlytoberefusedflatlybythemother,whointendstogivethemtoMaggie,theyoungerone.Theoldquilts,madefrompiecesofclotheswornbygrand-andgreat-grandparentsandstitchedbyGrandma’shand,areclearlyasymboloftheculturalheritageofblackpeople.Theirdifferentfeelingsaboutthequiltsrevealtheirdifferentattitudestowardstheirheritageasblacks.3Newwordsextended:prolonged,continued;enlargedininfluence,meaning,scope,etc.e.g.extendedcare:nursingcareprovidedforalimitedtimeafterahospitalstayextendedfamily:agroupofrelativesbyblood,marriageoradoption,oftenincludinganuclearfamily,livingtogether,esp.threegenerationsareinvolved.homely:notgood-looking,orhandsome;plain,unattractive4tottering:beingunsteadyonone’sfeet;staggering

overalls:loose-fittingtrousersofsomestrongcotton-cloth,oftenwithapartextendingupoverthechest,worn,usuallyoverotherclothes,toprotectagainstdirtandwear.Newwords5tongue:theactorpowerofspeaking;mannerorstyleofspeakingdimwit:(slang)astupidperson,asimpletone.g.readytongue

敏捷的口才Newwords6pumps:andy(ororgandie):averysheer,crispcottonfabricusedfordresses,curtain,etc.Newwords7churchsongs:hymnsinpraiseorhonorofGod.hook:toattackwiththehornsasbyabull.Newwords8shingle:athinwedge-shapedpiecesofwood,slate,etc.laidwithothersinoverlappingrowsasaroof.furtive:doneoractinginastealthymanner,asiftohinderobservation;surreptitious,stealthy,sneaky.Newwords9washday:aday,oftenthesamedayeveryweek,whentheclothes,linens,etc.ofahouseholdarewashed.kinky:(colloquial)fullofshort,twistycurls,tightlycurled.Newwords10trip:tostumble,catchone’sfootandloseone’sbalance.churn:acontainerorcontrivanceinwhichmilkorcreamisbeaten,stirredorshakentoformbutter.Newwords11centerpiece:anornament,likeabowlofflowersplacedinthecenterofatable.Anythingartisticcanbeusedasacenterpiece.alcove:asecludedsectionofaroomforhavingbreakfast.Newwords12stroke:topassone’shandgentlyoverthesurfaceofsomethingasincaressing.stumped:(colloquial)puzzled,perplexed,baffled.Newwords13wriggle:tomovetoandfrowithatwistingandwrithingmotion.sink:anareaofslightlysunkenland,esp.oneinwhichwatercollectsordisappearsbyevaporationorpercolationintotheground.Newwords14wavy:characteristicofwaves,resemblingwaves.rawhide:untannedorpartiallytannedtannedcattlehide.Newwords15withonefeetraisedinflight:readytoleaveasquicklyaspossiblebecauseofdiscomfort,nervousness,timidity,etc.

sidleup:moveupsideways,especiallyinashyorstealthymanner.Phrasesandexpressions16standoff:standaway,inadistancestaredown:tostarebackatanotheruntilthegazeoftheonestaredatisturnedaway.Phrasesandexpressions17notroundandnotsquare:irregularinshape.instyle:inafashionableandluxuriousway.Phrasesandexpressions18hangabout:(oraround)a.toclusteraround;b.(colloquial)toloiterorlingeraround.todoitfancy:todoinanornamental,elaboratemanner.Phrasesandexpressions19bluesteak:(colloquial)anythingregardedaslikeastreakoflightninginspeed,vividness,etc.totalkabluestreak:totalkmuchandrapidly.sinkinone’sbreath:inhaleone’sbreath.Phrasesandexpressions20ParaphraseShethinkshersisterhasheldlifealwaysinthepalmofonehand,that“no”isawordtheworldneverlearnedtosaytoher.Shethinksthathersisterhasafirmcontrolofherlife.21ParaphraseInreallifeIamalarge,big-bonedwomanwithrough,man-workinghands.Thephrase“inreallife”istransitional,linkingthisparagraphandtheoneabove,implyingthatthoseTVprogramsarenothingbutmake-believeandthenarratorisveryskepticalofthem.Inreallifeshehasthetypicalfeaturesofablackworkingwoman.22ParaphraseMyfatkeepsmehotinzeroweather.BecauseIamfat,

Ifeelhoteveninfreezingweather.23ParaphraseIamthewaymydaughterwouldwantmetobe:ahundredpoundslighter,myskinlikeanuncookedbarleypancake.Mydaughterwishesmetohaveaslenderfigureandafaircomplexion;likeanuncookedbarleypancake:asimilecomparingtheskintobarleydoughwhichhasacreamy,smoothtexture.24ParaphraseJohnnyCarsonhasmuchtodotokeepupwithmyquickandwittytongue.JohnnyCarson,popularTVtalkshowstar,isfamousforhiswittyandglibtongue.Butinthisrespect,Iamfarbetterthanhe,andhehastotryhardifhewantstocatchupwithme.25ParaphraseShewashedusinariverofmake-believe,burneduswithalotofknowledgewedidn’tnecessarilyneedtoknow.Sheimposedonuslotsoffalsityandso-calledknowledgethatistotallyuselesstous.26ParaphraseHereyelidswouldnotflickerforminutesatatime.AgainitshowsthatDeewasundauntedwithastrongcharacter.Shewouldlookatanybodysteadilyandintentlyforalongtime.27ParaphraseOftenIfoughtoffthetemptationtoshakeher.OftenIwantedsomuchtoshakeher,butIrestrainedmyself.Usuallyyoushakesomebodyinordertorousethatpersontotheawarenessofsomething.28ParaphraseWhendidDeeeverhaveanyfriends?Arhetoricalquestion,meaningDeewasnotaneasypersontogetalongwith,andsheneverhadanytruefriends.29ParaphraseLikewhenyouseethewrigglingendofasnakejustinfrontofyourfootontheroad.Anellipticalsentence.It’sthekindofdisgustedresponseyouhavewhenyouseethewrigglingendofasnakejustinfrontofyourfootontheroad.30ParaphraseThereareyellowsandorangesenoughtothrowbackthelightofthesun.Therearebrightyellowandcoloredpatternswhichshineevenmorebrightlythanthesun.31ParaphraseShenevertakesashotwithoutmakingsurethehouseisincluded.Everytimeshetakesapictureshemakessurethatthehouseisinit.Itshowshowimportantshethinksthehouseis.Weareremindedhowsheusedtohatethehouse.32ParaphraseMeanwhile,AsalamalakimisgoingthroughmotionswithMaggie’hand.MeanwhileDee’sboyfriendistryingtoshakehandswithMaggieinafancyandelaborateway.33ParaphraseThough,infact,IprobablycouldhavecarrieditbackbeyondtheCivilWarthroughthebranches.AsIseeDeeisgettingtiredofthis,Idon’twanttogooneither.Infact,IcouldhavetraceditbackbeforetheCivilWarthroughthefamilybranches.34ParaphraseMaggie’sbrain’likeanelephant’s.Elephantsaresaidtohavegoodmemories.HereDeeisbeingironic.35ParaphraseSheheldthequiltssecurelyinherarms,strokingthem.Thisshowshowshecherishedthequiltsandhowdeterminedshewastohavethem.36ParaphraseShe’dprobablybebackwardenoughtoputthemtoeverydayuse.ThesnobbishDeesaysthatMaggieisnotaswelleducatedorsophisticatedassheandthatMaggiewillnotbeabletoappreciatethevalueofthequiltsandwillusethemjustasquilts,notasworksofart.37EffectiveWritingSkills

1.Successfulportrayalofcharacters2.Usingmanyellipticalandshort,simplesentencestoachievecertaineffectE.g.Whenthehardclayissweptcleanasafloorandthefinesandaroundtheedgeslinedwithtiny,irregulargrooves.Beforetheword“lined,”thelinkverb“is”isomitted.3.UsinglanguageswhichsuitthebackgroundofcharactersE.g.thechurchandmeisincorrectgrammar,anditshouldbethechurchandI.38RhetoricalDevices1.simileE.g.Iamthewaymydaughterwouldwantmetobe:ahundredpoundslighter,myskinlikeanuncookedbarleypancake.2.metaphorE.g.WhenIlookedatherlikethatsomethinghitmeinthetopofmyheadandrandowntothesolesofmyfeet.3.symbolismE.g.thequilts39Exercises—ReplacementIV.Replacethefollowingitalicizedwordwithmoreformalwordsorexpressions.1.eventhoughshehastoldmeoncethatshethinksorchidsaretackyflowers.2.likedimwits,weseemtounderstand.inelegantastupidperson;asimpleton403.andhangingfromhischinlikeakinkymuletail.4.Impressedwithhertheyworshipedherwell-turnedphrases.tightlycurledexpressedorwordedwell;felicitousExercises—Replacement415.IheardMaggiego“Uhnnnh”again.6.ItlookslikeAsalamalakimwantstoshakehandsbutwanttodoitfancy.say(usedtodescribedialogue)Asif/shakehandsinafancyandelaboratewayExercises—Replacement427.“Well.”saidAsalamakim,“Thereyouare.”8.AfterItrippedoverittwoorthreetimeshetoldmetojustcallhimHakim-a-barber.Iknewyoucouldn’ttraceitfurtherback.mispronounced,failedtopronounceitcorrectlyExercises—Replacement439.“Youmustbelongtothebeef-cattlepeopledowntheroad,”Isaid.10.Shetalkedabluestreakoverthesweetpotatoes.peoplewhobreedandfattencattleformeattalkedmuchandrapidlyExercises—Replacement44VI.Thefollowingsentencesallcontainmetaphorsorsimiles.Explaintheirmeaninginplain,non-figurativelanguage.1.Iamthewaymydaughterwouldwantmetobe:…myskinlikeanuncookedbarleypancake.2.ItseemstomeIhavetalkedtothemalwayswithonefeetraisedinflight.…mycomplexionhadasmoothandcreamytexture.…uncomfortablyandnervously,wantingtogetawayassoonaspossible.Exercises—Explanation45thequickandgreathumorthatwouldmakeeverybodylaughimmediately.Hewastednotimeinmarryingacontemptiblecitygirlfromafamilyofignorantostentatiousandvulgarpeople.3.Impressedwithhertheyworshipedherwell-turnedphrases,thecuteshape,thescaldinghumorthateruptedlikebubblesinlye.4.Heflewtomarryacheapcitygirlfromafamilyofignorantflashypeople.Exercises—Explanation465.Andshestopsandtriestodigawellinthesandwithhertoe.6.“Maggie’sbrainislikeanelephant’s,”Wangerosaid,laughing.…moveherfeetingreatdiscomfort“Maggie’smemoryisverygood,”Wangerosaid,laughing.Exercises—Explanation477.Youdidn’tevenhavetolookclosetoseewherehandspushingthedasherupanddowntomakebutterhadleftakindofsinkinthewood.8.“Mama,”Wangerosaid,sweetasabird.…slightlysunkenareas“Mama,”Wangerosaidinanextremelysweetvoice.Exercises—Explanation489.Shegaspedlikeabeehadstungher.10.It’sreallyanewdayforus.ShebreathedsuddenlyinpainfulsurpriseForuscoloredpeople,thisisanewera,andwemustseizeouropportunities.Exercises—Explanation491.

一场大火把贫民区三百多座房子夷为平地。XII.Exercises—TranslationAbigfireburnedtothegroundmorethan300homesintheslumneighborhood.2.只要你为人正直,不怕失去什么,那你对任何人都不会畏惧。Ify