2015年考研英语二阅读理解真题及答案阅读理解

新祥阳春曲WWW-XXKEDU.NiT考研就要一次校考上京城考研辅导第一品牌2015年考研英语二阅读理解真题及答案（阅读理解）SectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections：Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Anewstudysuggeststhatcontrarytomostsurveys.Peopleartactuallymorestressedathomethanatwork.Researchersmeasuredpeople,scortisolwhichisitatstressmarker,whiletheywereatworkandwhiletheywereathomeandfoundithigheratwhatissupposedtobeaplaceofrefuge.“Furthercontradictingconventionalwisdomwefoundthatwomenaswellasmenhavelowerlevelsofstressatworkthanathome,“writesoneoftheresearchers.SarahDamaske,Infactwomensaytheyfeelbetteratwork.Shenotes.“itismennotwomen.Whoreportbeinghappierathomethanatwork”Anothersurpriseisthatthefindingsholdtruefoiboththosewithchildrenwithout,butmoresofornonparents.Thisiswhypeoplewhoworkoutsidethehomehavebetterhealth.Whatthestudydoesn,tmeasureiswhetherpeoplearestilldoingworkwhenthey,reathome,whetheritishouseholdworkorworkbroughthomefromtheoffice.Formanymen,theendoftheworkdayisatimetokickback.Forwomenwhostayhometheynevergettoleavetheoffice.Andforwomenwhoworkoutsidethehometheyoftenareplayingcatch-up-with-householdtasks.Withtheblurringofrolesandthefactthatthehomefrontlagswellbehindtheworkplaceinmakingadjustmentsforworkingwomen,it,snotsurprisingthatwomenaremorestressedathome.Butit,snotjustagenderthing.Atwork,peopleprettymuchknowwhatthey,resupposedtobedoing：working,makingmoney,doingthetaskstheyhavetodoinordertodrawanincome.Thebargainisverypure：Employeeputsinhoursofphysicalormentallaborandemployeedrawsoutlife-sustainingmoola.Onthehomefront,however,peoplehavenosuchclarity.Rareisthehouseholdinwhichthedivisionoflaborissoclinicallyandmethodicallylaidout.Therearealotoftaskstobedone,thereareinadequaterewardsformostofthem.Yourhomecolleagues-yourfamily-havenoclearrewardsfortheirlabortheyneedtobetalkedintoit,orifthey,reteenagers,threatenedwithcompleteremovalof新祥旭官网/

色新祥旭雪腼色新祥旭雪腼WWW.KKKEDU.KEr考研就要一次性考上京城考研辅导第一名牌allelectronicdevices.Plusthey,reyourfamily.Youcannotfireyourfamily.Youneverreallygettogohomefromhome.Soit,snotsurprisingthatpeoplearemorestressedathome.Notonlyarethetasksapparentlyinfinite,theco-workersaremuchhardertomotivate..AccordingtoParagraph1,mostprevioussurveysfoundthathome,[A]wasanunrealisticplaceforrelaxation[B]generatedmorestressthantheworkplace[C]wasanidealplaceforstressmeasurement[D]offeredgreaterrelaxationthantheworkplace.AccordingtoDamaske,whoarelikelytobethehappiestathome?[A]Workingmothers[B]Childlesshusbands[C]Childlesswives[D]WorkingfathersTheblurringofworkingwomen,srolesreferstothefactthat,[A]theyarebothbreadwinnersandhousewives[B]theirhomeisalsoaplaceforkickingback[C]thereisoftenmuchhouseworkleftbehind[D]itisdifficultforthemtoleavetheiroffice.Theword“moola"(Line4,Para4)mostprobablymeans.[A]energy[B]skills[C]earnings[D]nutrition.Thehomefrontdiffersfromtheworkplaceinthat,[A]homeishardlyacozierworkingenvironment[B]divisionoflaborathomeisseldomclear-cut[C]householdtasksaregenerallymoremotivating新祥旭官网/

考研就要一次校考上京城考研辅导第一品牌考研就要一次校考上京城考研辅导第一品牌[D]familylaborisoftenadequatelyrewarded【参考答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C25.B【主要内容】本文主要讲述工作环境压力问题。Text2Foryears,studieshavefoundthatfirst-generationcollegestudents-thosewhodonothaveaparentwithacollegedegree-lagotherstudentsonarangeofeducationachievementfactors.Theirgradesarelowerandtheirdropoutratesarehigher.Butsincesuchstudentsaremostlikelytoadvanceeconomicallyiftheysucceedinhighereducation,collegesanduniversitieshavepushedfordecadestorecruitmoreofthem.Thishascreated“aparadox”inthatrecruitingfirst-generationstudents,butthenwatchingmanyofthemfailmeansthathighereducationhas“continuedtoreproduceandwiden,ratherthanclose”achievementgapbasedonsocialclass,accordingtothedepressingbeginningofapaperforthcominginthejournalPsychologicalSciense.Butthearticleisactuallyquiteoptimistic,asitoutlinesapotentialsolutiontothisproblem,suggestingthatanapproach(whichinvolvesaone-hour,next-to-no-costprogram)canclose63percentoftheachievementgap(measuredbysuchfactorsasgrades)betweenfirst-generationandotherstudents.Theauthorsofthepaperarefromdifferentuniversitiesandtheirfindingarebasedonastudyinvolving147students(whocompletedtheproject)atanunnamedprivateuniversity.Firstgenerationwasdefinedasnothavingaparentwithafour-yearcollegedegreeMostofthefirst-generationstudents(59.1percent)wererecipientsofPellGrants,afederalgrantforundergraduateswithfinancialneed,whilethiswastrueonlyfor8.6percentofthestudentswitatleastoneparentwithafour-yeardegreeTheirthesis-thatarelativelymodestinterventioncouldhaveabigimpact-wasbasedontheviewthatfirst-generationstudentsmaybemostlackingnotinpotentialbutinpracticalknowledgeabouthowtodealwiththeissuesthatfacemostcollegestudentsTheycitepastresearchbyseveralauthorstoshowthatthisisthegapthatmustbenarrowedtoclosetheachievementgap.Manyfirst-generationstudents“struggletonavigatethemiddle-classcultureofhighereducation,learntherulesofthegame'andtakeadvantageofcollegeresources,”theywriteAndthisbecomesmoreofaproblemwhencollagesdon,ttalkabouttheclassadvantageanddisadvantagesofdifferentgroupsofstudentsBecauseUScollegesanduniversitiesseldomacknowledgehowsocialclasscanaffect新祥旭官网/

考研就要一次校考上京城考研辅导第一品牌考研就要一次校考上京城考研辅导第一品牌students,educationalexperience,manyfirst-generationstudentslacksightaboutwhytheyarestrugglinganddonotunderstandhowstudents,likethemcanimprove.Recruitingmorefirst-generationstudentshas.[A]reducedtheirdropoutrates[B]narrowedtheachievementago[C]misseditsoriginalpurpose[D]depressedcollegestudentsTheauthoroftheresearcharticleareoptimisticbecause.[A]theproblemissolvable[B]theirapproachiscostless[C]therecruitingratehasincreased[D]theirfindingappealtostudentsThestudysuggeststhatmostfirst-generationstudents.[A]studyatprivateuniversities[B]arefromsingle-parentfamilies[C]areinneedoffinancialsupport[D]havefailedtheircollage.Theauthorofthepaperbelievethatfirst-generationstudents,[A]areactuallyindifferenttotheachievementgap[B]canhaveapotentialinfluenceonotherstudents[C]maylackopportunitiestoapplyforresearchprojects[D]areinexperiencedinhandlingtheirissuesatcollege.Wemayinferfromthelastparagraphthat.[A]universitiesoftenrejectthecultureofthemiddle-class[B]studentsareusuallytoblamefortheirlackofresources[C]socialclassgreatlyhelpsenricheducationalexperiences[D]collegesarepartlyresponsiblefortheprobleminquestion新祥旭官网/

■新祥旭若丽WWW-KXKg&iJ.NETr■新祥旭若丽WWW-KXKg&iJ.NETr考研就要一次校考上京城考研辅导第一品牌【参考答案】26.C27.A28.C29.D30.D【主要内容】本文主要讲述第一代大学生（也就是父母均无大学学位的大学生）的问题。Text3Evenintraditionaloffices，“thelinguafrancaofcorporateAmericahasgottenmuchmoreemotionalandmuchmoreright-brainedthanitwas20yearsago”saidHarvardBusinessSchoolprofessorNancyKoehnShestartedspinningoffexamples.“IfyouandIparachutedbacktoFortune500companiesin199MwouldseemuchlessfrequentuseoftermslikeJourney，mission，passion.Thereweregoals，therewerestrategies，therewereobjectives，butwedidn,ttalkaboutenergy；wedidn'ttalkaboutpassion.”Koehnpointedoutthatthisneweraofcorporatevocabularyisvery“team”-oriented-andnotbycoincidence.“Let,snotforgetsDorts-inmale-dominatedcorporateAmerica，it,sstillabigdeal.It,snotexplicitlyconsciousit,stheideathatI,macoachandyou,remyteam,andwe,reinthistogethec.TherearelotsandlotsofCEOsinverydifferentcompaniesbutmostthinkofthemselvesascoachesandthisistheirteamandtheywanttowin”。Thesetermsarealsointendedtoinfuseworkwithmeaning-and，asKhuranapointsout，increaseallegiancetothefirm.“Youhavetheimportationofterminologythathistoricallyusedtobeassociatedwithnon-profitorganizationsandreligiousorganizations：Termslikevision，values，passion，andpurpose，”saidKhuranaThisnewfocusonpersonalfulfillmentcanhelpkeepemployeesmotivatedamidincreasinglylouddebatesoverwork-lifebalanceThe“mommywars”ofthe1990sarestillgoingontoday，promptingargumentsaboutwhywomenstillcan,thaveitallandbookslikeSherylSandberg,sLeanInwhosetitlehasbecomeabuzzwordinitsownright.Termslikeunplugoffline，life-hack，bandwidth，andcapacityareallaboutsettingboundariesbetweentheofficeandthehomeButifyourworkisyour“passion，”you,llbemorelikelytodevoteyourselftoit，evenifthatmeansgoinghomefordinnerandthenworkinglongafterthekidsareinbedButthisseemstobetheironyofofficespeakEveryonemakesfunofitbutmanagersloveitcompaniesdependonitandregularpeoplewillinglyabsorbit.AsNunbergsaid“Youcangetpeopletothinkit,snonsenseatthesametimethatyoubuyintoit.”Inaworkplacethat,sfundamentallyindifferenttoyourlifeanditsmeaningofficespeakcanhelpyoufigureouthowyourelatetoyourwork-andhowyourworkdefineswhoyouare.AccordingtoNancyKoehn，officelanguagehasbecome新祥旭官网/新祥阳若姗WWW.XXKEDU.NET考研就要一次性考上京城考研辅学第一名牌[A]moreemotional[B]moreobjective[C]lessenergetic[D]lessenergetic[E]lessstrategic.“team”-orientedcorporatevocabularyiscloselyrelatedto,[A]historicalincidents[B]genderdifference[C]sportsculture[D]athleticexecutives.Khuranabelievesthattheimportationofterminologyaimsto,[A]revivehistoricalterms[B]promotecompanyimage[C]fostercorporatecooperation[D]strengthenemployeeloyalty34.ItcanbeinferredthatLeanIn.[A]voicesforworkingwomen[B]appealstopassionateworkaholics[C]triggersdebatesamongmommies[D]praisesmotivatedemployees35.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutofficespeak？[A]Managersadmireitbutavoidit[B]Linguistsbelieveittobenonsense©Companiesfindittobefundamental[D]Regularpeoplemockitbutacceptit【参考答案】31.A32.C33.D34.A35.C【主要内容】本文主要讲述办公室语言的问题。新祥旭官网/新祥阳春丽WWW.XXKEOU.NE1考研就要一次校考上京城考研辅导第一品牌Text4Manypeopletalkedofthe288000newjobstheLaborDepartmentreportedforJune,alongwiththedropintheunemploymentrateto6.1percent，asgoodnews.Andtheywereright.Fornowitappearstheeconomyiscreatingjobsatadecentpace.Westillhavealongwaytogotogetbacktofullemploymentbutatleastwearenowfinallymovingforwardatafasterpace.However，thereisanotherimportantpartofthejobspicturethatwaslargelyoverlooked.Therewasabigjumpinthenumberofpeoplewhoreportvoluntarilyworkingpart-time.Thisfigureisnow830000(4.4percent)aboveitsyearagolevel.BeforeexplainingtheconnectiontotheObamacare，itisworthmakinganimportantdistinction.Manypeoplewhoworkpart-timejobsactuallywantfull-timejobs.Theytakepart-timeworkbecausethisisalltheycanget.Anincreaseininvoluntarypart-timeinJune，butthegeneraldirectionhasbeendown.Involuntarypart-timeemploymentisstillfarhigherthanbeforetherecession，butitisdownby640，000(7.9percent)fromitsyearagolevel.Weknowthedifferencebetweenvoluntaryandinvoluntarypart-timeemploymentbecausepeopletellus.ThesurveyusedbytheLaborDepartmentaskspeopleiftheyworkedlessthan35hoursinthereferenceweek.Iftheansweris“yes，”theyareclassifiedasworkingpart-time.Theysurveythenaskswhethertheyworkedlessthan35hoursinthatweekbecausetheywantedtoworklessthanfulltimeorbecausetheyhadnochoice.Theyareonlyclassifiedasvoluntarypart-timeworkersiftheytellthesurveytakertheychosetoworklessthan35hoursaweek.Theissueofvoluntarypart-timerelatestoObamacarebecauseoneofthemainpurposeswastoallowpeopletogetinsuranceoutsideofemployment.Formanypeople，especiallythosewithserioushealthconditionsoffamilymemberswithserioushealthconditions，beforeObamacaretheonlywaytogetinsurancewasthroughajobthatprovidedhealthinsurance.However，Obamacarehasallowedmorethan12millionpeopletoeithergetinsurancethroughMedicaidortheexchanges.Thesearepeoplewhomaypreviouslyhavefelttheneedtogetafull-timejobthatprovidedinsuranceinorderto