Unit 5 Reading学案 牛津译林版八年级上册英语

8AU5Reading【知识梳理】【知识梳理1】Bettyisoneofmybestfriends.(P8)贝蒂是我最好的朋友之一。oneof意为“……之一”，常用结构为“oneof+(the+形容词最高级+)可数名词复数”，也可以接某些代词的宾格，该结构作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。例1：It'soneofmyfavouritemovies.这是我特别喜欢的电影之一。例2：Onlyoneoftheanswersiscorrect.这些答案中只有一个是正确的。[拓展]类似oneof结构的有：two/three/some/few/manyof后面接可数名词复数或代词宾格，意为“……中的两个/三个/一些/很少/许多”，这些结构作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。例：Itbuildsuptrustbetweenthetwoofyou.它建立了你们两人之间的信任。[巩固练习](1)英语是最重要的外语之一。(2)我认为中文是世界上最伟大的语言之一。(3)露西是我最喜欢的老师之一。答案：(1)Englishisoneofthemostimportantforeignlanguages.(2)IbelievethatChineseisoneofthegreatestlanguagesintheworld.(3)Lucyisoneofmyfavouriteteachers.[经典例题](1)MathsisoneofPeter’s______________subjects.A.WorseB.theworseC.worstD.theworst(2)Beijingisoneof________inChina.A.largecity B.largestcity C.thelargestcities D.thelargercities(3)—DoyouknowShanghaiisoneof_____intheworld?—Yes,it`sbiggerthan_____cityinJiangsu.A.thebiggestcity;any B.thebiggestcities;anyC.thebiggestcities;anyother D.thebiggercity;any(4)WeallknowthatHangzhouisoneof________intheworld.A.themorebeautifulcities

B.themostbeautifulcity

C.themostbeautifulcitiesD.themorebeautifulcity(5)TheVoiceofChinabecameoneof________TV______lastyear. A.themostpopular,shows B.morepopular,show C.muchpopular,show D.thepopularest,shows答案：CCBCA【知识梳理2】Bettyisgenerous.(P8)Betty很大方。generous，形容词，意为“慷慨的，大方的”，在句子中可以作定语也可以作表语。例1：Hewasawarm,generousandkind-heartedman.他是个热情、大方又热心肠的人。例2：PerhapsparentsinBritainaretoogenerous.:也许英国的父母太慷慨了。[经典例题](1)—What'syourbestfriendlike?—________A.Heisfine.Thankyou.B.Heisadoctor.C.HelikeswatchingTV. D.Heishelpfulandgenerous.(2)Kateisvery___________andsheisalwayswillingtoshareherthingswithothers.A.hard-working B.good-looking C.politeD.generous(3)Danielis________tobuygifts________allofus.A.generousenough;to B.enoughgenerous;forC.enoughgenerous;to D.generousenough;for(4)Simonis_______.He’salwayswillingtosharehisnicefoodwithusattheparty.A.hard-working B.generous C.handsome D.boring(5)Mymotherisvery______.Iseldomseehergetangry.A.braveB.generousC.politeD.patient答案：DDDBD【知识梳理3】Sheiswillingtosharethingswithherfriends.(P8)她乐意和朋友们分享东西。willing,形容词，意为“乐意的，愿意的”。bewillingtodosth.意为“愿意做某事”，其同义短语为bereadytodosth.例1：Somecouplesarewillingtogivebirthtoasecondchild.:有些夫妇愿意生二胎。[巩固练习](1)Daniel和Simon乐意和朋友分享东西。(2)我必须确保每个人都愿意参加这项活动.(3)在公交车上，Millie乐意给有需要的人让座。(4)吴老师愿随时回答你的问题。(5)好朋友要愿意和你分享快乐。(6)你愿意和谁一起分享这些饼干?(7)我班里的每一个人都愿意和她做朋友。答案：(1)DanielandSimonarewillingtosharethingswiththeirfriends.(2)Imustmakesurethateveryoneiswillingtotakepartintheactivity.(3)Millieiswillingtogivetheseattothepeopleinneedonthebus.(4)MrWuiswillingtoansweryourquestionsanytime.(5)Goodfriendshouldbewillingtosharetheirjoywithyou.(6)Whoareyouwillingtosharethesecookies/biscuitswith?(7)Everyoneinmyclassiswillingtomakefriendswithher.[经典例题](1)Areyouwilling_________giveseats________theoldmanonthebus?A.for;of B.to;for C.to;to D.with;to(2)______you______toshareyourtoyswithfriends?A.Are;willing B.Do;willing C.Are;will D.Do;will答案：CA【知识梳理4】Shehelpsmewithmyhomeworkandshealwaysgivesherseatonthebustosomeoneinneed.(P8)她帮助我做家庭作业，而且总是将公交车上的座位让给有需要的人。inneed，介词短语，意为“有需求的:处于需要状态中的”，常作后置定语，位于被修饰的名词之后。例：Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.患难见真情。[拓展]若表示“急/很需要”，常用ingreatneed；表示“某人或某地急需某物”要借用of构成固定结构“sb./sp.+be+ingreatneedofsth.”例：OurschoolisingreatneedofEnglishteachers.我们学校非常需要英语老师。[巩固练习](1)我们需要每门功课每月进行一次测试。(2)在我的假期中，我想要做志愿者去帮助有需要的人。(3)他随时愿意去帮助有需要的人。(4)我们需要的是家长的关心和老师的帮助。答案：(1)Weneedtohaveamonthlytestoneachsubject.(2)Duringmyholidays,Iwanttobeavolunteertohelpothersinneed.(3)Heiswillingtohelppeopleinneedanytime.(4)Whatweneedisparents’careandteachers’help.[经典例题](1)—Doyouhaveanyplansforthissummervacation?—I’mnotsure.I________takeatriptoTaiwan.A.mayB.needC.mustD.should(2)Mybestfriendoftensharesthings________meandhelpspeople________need.A.with,inB.in,inC.with,withD.in,with答案：AA【知识梳理5】Bettyhasagoodvoice.(P8)贝蒂有副好嗓子。voice，名词，意为“嗓音”，一般指人的声音。例：Hisvoicedroppedtoawhisper.他的声音已放低到轻声细语了。[辨析]sound/noise/voice(1)sound指可以听到的任何声音。例：Icanhearthesoundofrunningwater.我能听到流水的声音。(2)noise指太响的“嘈杂声、喧闹声”。例：Theyweremakingtoomuchnoise.他们的噪声太大了。(3)voice指“说话声，唱歌声”的嗓音。例：Hervoicewasfullofanxiety.她的声音饱含焦虑。[经典例题](1)It'spolitetokeepyour________downinthelibrary.A.noiseB.shout

C.voice

D.sound(2)Finally,hewontheAwardfortheBestSingerbecauseofhisnice_______.A.sound B.noise C.voice D.shout(3)—Who’scalling,Lucy?—Therecomesmymum’s_______onthephone.A.noise B.sound C.shout D.voice(4)Theparrotisverycleaver.Itcanmakebeautiful________.A.soundB.shoutC.noiseD.voice(5)WhenIaminacar,Ilikeopeningthewindowstoenjoythe________oftheworld.A．voice B．noise C．music D．sound答案：CCDAD【知识梳理6】Shewantstobeasingerwhenshegrowsup.(P8)她长大后想当一名歌手。growup，意为“长大，成长”。例：Kidsneedtimetogrowup.孩子长大需要时间。[巩固练习](1)李雷长大后想去环游世界。(2)Tom长大后想当一名社会工作者，因为他想要帮助更多的人。(3)王梅知大后想当一名老师，因为她喜欢和孩子在一起工作。(4)为了健康长大，我们应该在我们的日常生活中健康饮食，定期锻炼。答案：(1)LiLeiwantstotravelaroundtheworldwhenhegrowsup.(2)Tomwantstobeasocialworkerwhenhegrowsup,becausehewouldliketohelpmorepeople.(3)WangMeiwantstobeateacherwhenshegrowsupbecauseshelikesworkingwithchildren.(4)Togrowuphealthily,weshouldhaveahealthydietandexerciseregularlyinourdailylife.【知识梳理7】Thismeans“hope”.mean(vt.)意思是，意味着meaning(n.)意思，意义备注：“Whatdoes…mean?"意为是什么意思?”与“What'sthemeaningof..?."同义。例：这个单词是什么意思[拓]meaningful(adj.)意味深长的，有意义的meaningless(adj.)无意义的【知识梳理8】WhenXiWangwasborn,sheweighedjust100gramsandlookedlikeawhitemouse.Born的用法表示"出生"要用beborn，并且动词be通常只用was或were。beborn后可跟形容词、名词或不同的介词，表达意思也不同。一、beborn+形容词（名词）。

Shewasbornhappy.她生来就很幸福。

HewasbornFrench.他生为法国人。

二、born+in,on等，表示"出生的时间，地点"。

TomwasborninHebeiProvinceonFebruary12，1999．1999年2月12日汤姆生于河北省。

KarlMarxwasbornonMay5，inTrier．卡尔·马克思5月5日生于特里尔。

LiPingwasbornin1988.李平生于一九八八年。

三、beborn+of+（名词），表示"从产生"。

Thisinventionwasbornofneed.这项发明是因需要而产生的。

四、beborn+in,into或to，表示"降生到某家庭"。

Hewasborninaworker'sfamily.他出生在一个工人家庭。

In1867MadamCuriewasbornintoateacher'sfamily.1867年居里夫人出生在一个教师家庭。

五、beborn+with，表示"天赋；命运"。

Hewasbornwithagoodmemory.他生来记性就好。

六、beborn+todo,表示"生而为；生来就是"。

Shewasborntosucceedinlife.她生来注定会成功。

例：我2000年出生在江苏省：他降生于一个教师家庭：【知识梳理9】...shewasnotasmallbabyanymore......位置：not常与连系动词be、情态动词或助动词连用，anymore常位于句末。例句：Youcan'teatbeefanymore.=Youcaneatbeefnomore.辨析:not…anymore与not…anylongernot…anymore相当于nomore,主要用来表示数量和程度上的“不再”。not…anylonger相当于nolonger,主要用来表示时间或距离上的“不再”。注意：nomore和nolonger般放在行为动词之前,be动词情态动词之后或直接放在句末。Youcan'tdrinkanymore.=Youcandrinknomore.=Youcannomoredrink.Ican'twaitanylonger.=Icanwaitnolonger.=Icannolongerwait.例：我不能再吃了(3种)【知识梳理10】Inthebeginning,XiWangdrankhermother'hebeginning=atfirst一开始Intheend=atlast=finally最后例句:Shedidn'treadtheinstructionsinthebeginning.【知识梳理11】Whenshewas20monthsold,shelearnttolookafterherself.learntodosth.“学习/会做某事”，learn为及物动词，过去式为learned或learnt。Iwanttolearntoplaybasketball.例：Jim的姐姐昨天学会了游泳：【知识梳理12】Sadly,giantpandasfaceseriousproblemsinthewild.（1）sadly(adv.)令人遗憾地，不幸地，伤心地sad(adj.)难过的(sad-sadder–saddest)sadness(n.)悲哀，忧伤（2）face此处用作及物动词，意为“面临;面对”。例：Youhadbetterfaceyourproblem.你最好直面你的问题。例：asquareface一张方脸[拓]你最好做某事：youhavebetterdosthfacetoface面对面makefaces做鬼脸loseface丢脸（3）serious(moreserious，mostserious)形容词，意为“严重的”。serious(adj.)严重的，严肃的，认真的 (serious-moreserious-mostserious)seriously(adv.)严重地，严肃地，认真地beseriousabout….lookseriousnothingserious例：Smokingcan_____________harmyourhealth.(serious)例：一个严重的事故：【知识梳理13】Forexample,itisverydifficultforpandastohavebabies..It's+adj.+forsb./sth.+todosth.表示“做某事对某人/某物来说的”。形容词是用来描述事物特征的，如important(重要的)，necessary(必要的)，easy(容易的)，difficult(困难的)等。例：ItisimportantforustolearnEnglishwell.=TolearnEnglishwellisimportantforus.[辨析]“Itis+adj.+ofsb.+todosth."表示“某人做某此处的形容词是用来描述人的性格、品质的，如:polite(有礼貌的)，kind(和蔼的)，friendly(友好的)等。该句型可改为Sb.is/are+adj.+todosth."It'skindofyoutohelpme.=You'rekindtohelpme.练习：1.Itwasstupid____metotalkinthatwaytomymother.2.Itisveryimportant___ustomasterEnglish.3.Itwasimpossible____thelittleboytocarrysuchaheavybox.4.Itissmart___themtomakegooduseoftheInternet.5.Itisimportation（of/for）ustoreadtheinstructionsbeforeusingthemachine.6.Itishelpful（of/for）himtohelpotherwithoutanymoney.【知识梳理14】Also,giantpandaslivemainlyonaspecialkindofbamboo.另外，大熊猫主要以食用一种特殊种类的竹子为生。(1)liveon意为“以食...为生”例：Tigersliveonmeat.(2)mainly(adv.)主要地，大部分地main(adj.)主要的，最重要的这次会议的主要目的是让大家明白食物的重要性：【知识梳理15】Asaresult,pandasmaynothaveaplacetoliveorfoodtoeat.(1)asaresult意为“因此;结果”,asaresultof..意为“因为，由于”Asaresult,hebecamemorepopular.Asaresultofhisheight,hecan'ttakepartinthematch.动词不定式作定语句中的tolive和toeat是动词不定式作定语，修饰前面的名词。动词不定式作定语时常放于所修饰的词之后，作后置定语，Ihavealotofhomeworktodotonight.Pleasegivemesomethingtoeat.Ihavenopapertowriteon.注意：英语中，动词不定式用作定语来修饰名词，如果动词不定式中的动词是不及物动词，则需要根据实际情况添上介词。【知识梳理16】Giantpandasarenowindanger.danger(n.)危险 beindanger 处境危险 dangerous(adj.)危险的 Beoutofdanger脱离危险例：危险的任务：陷入麻烦中：【知识梳理17】Weshouldtakeactionrightaway.action名词，意为”行动:行为”。takeaction意为“采取行动”.takeactiontodosth为“采取行动”行动做某事”。例：Youmusttakeactiontoimproveyourstudy.act(vi.&vt.)行动；表演actactor男演员actress女演员action(n.)行动；行为active(adj.)积极的，活跃的；主动的activity(n.)活动(pl.)activities(2)rightaway意为“立刻，马上”，相当于atonce或rightnow。例：请立刻采取行动帮助女演员脱离危险：【知识梳理18】Ifwedonothing,soontheremaybenoneleft!none代词，意为“没有一个(人或物)”，常指三个或三个以上的人或物中一个也没有，也可以用于指物品一点儿也没有。例：Therearefivegirlsintheroom,butIknownone.辨析none，noone与nobody①none既可指人也可指物，常与of连用。noneof后接复数概念的名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词用单、复数形式均可;noneof后接不可数概念的名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例：Noneofusknow(s)howtospeakthelanguage.例：Noneofthefurnitureintheroomisnew.②noone=nobody,只能指人，作主语时谓语动词只能用单数形式。 Noone/Nobodylikestoomuchhomework.③none指的是数量上“一个也没有”，可用来回答howmany或howmuch引导的特殊疑问句;而noone和nobody指的是“没有人”，用于回答who引导的特殊疑问句。——Howmanystudentsattendedyesterday'smeeting?——None.。——Whoisintheclassroom?——Noone/Nobody.【知识梳理19】However,wedobelievethatwherethereisXiWang,thereishope.①句中的do是助动词，后接动词原形，用来加强语气。Ididmakesomepaperflowersbymyself.强调句【知识梳理20】however与but区别：but之后一般不得使用逗号，而however则必须用逗号与句子其它部分分开。释义指代人/物与疑问词连用其它用法nothing没什么；没什么东西指物用于回答what引导的问句。What’sinthebag?Nothing.1、不与of连用；2、作主语时谓语动词用单数。nobody/noone没有人；无人指人用于回答who引导的问句。Who’sintheclassroom?Noone./Nobody.1、不与of连用；2、作主语时谓语动词用单数。none一个也没有；毫无指人；指物。用于回答Howmany/Howmuch引导的问句。Howmanystudentsarethereintheclassroom?None.1、可与of连用；2、作主语时谓语动词用单复数均可；3、用于指代前文中出现过的名词；4、表示“三者或三者以上”的全部否定。表示“两者”全部否定用neither。【课堂练习】词汇运用。1．Hehadto_______（面对）somuchtrouble.2．Thesestudentsare_______（主要地）fromthecountryside.3Whatdoesthisword____________(意思)?4.Atthe_______ofthe21thcentury,manypeoplelinedusingmobilephones.(begin)5.The_______(weigh)ofthepandaisabout10kilograms.6.Ihearmanyanimalslosetheir_______(life)becausepeopleeatthem.7.Ifwe__________(take)goodcareoftheyoungtrees,theywillgrowupquickly.8(sad),wefailedthefinalexam.9.Thepanda(call)LinlinhascomebackfromtheUSAtoherhometown.选择题。()1Atfortyyearsold,shewenttoAmerica_______thefirsttime.A.inB.atC.forD.to()2.—Itsnowedheavilylastnight.Iseveryoneinourclassheretoday?—Yes,and____ofuswaslateforschoolthismorning.A.none B.neither C.all D.either()3一MayI_______themagazineforaweek?一Ofcourseyoucan.A.borrowB.leaveC.getD.keep()4WhenImetDanielatthestation______thefirsttime,hewasinthewaitinghall_____.A.for;aloneB.at;aloneC.for;himselfD.at;byhimself()5Ifwedon’tdo______,soongiantpandaswilldie.A.nothingB.everything C.something D.anything()6.Teenagersshouldlearnto________wildanimalsfromallkindsofdanger.A.protect B.help C.face D.cut()7.Whendoyouthinkwe’llleavetomorrow?You’dbetter______readyatseveno’clock.

A.tobe

B.be

C.being

D.been()8.Iffarmerscutdowntreesandforests,giantpandaswillhavenowhere______.A.toliveon B.tolivein C.tolive D.toliveat()9.Inthosedaysmyfamilydidn’thaveenoughroom________.

A.tolive

B.livingin

C.tolivein

D.living()10.—Wetriedourbest,butatlastwelostthetabletennismatch.—_______A.I’mafraidnot. B.That’sOK. C.Whatapity!D.Nothing.动词填空。1._______________(notopen)thewindow!Listen!Thewindisblowingstronglyoutside.2.Thanksforagreeing_______(show)somephotostous.3.Unluckily,Simonfailed_______________________(pass)thedrivingtestagainlastweek.4.Thesilkblouseyouboughtyesterday_______________(feel)sosoft.5.Teachersalwaystellstudents_______________(notbe)lateforschoolagain.6.Helikedtotellfunnystoriestomakepeople_______(laugh).7.Weshouldtellhunters_______(notkill)tigers.8.Ifit________________(notrain),wewillgototheparkonfoot.9.IfIseehimatschoolnextMonday,I________________(give)thesebookstohim.【课后作业】一、单项选择题：()1.Iffarmerscutdowntreesandforest,giantpandaswillhavenoplace_______.A.toliveon B.toliveinC.tolivefor D.toliveat()2.Asweknow,______onlyliveinChina. A.tigers B.lions C.giantpandasD.squirrels()3.Thebambooforestsarebecoming_______.A.smallandsmall B.littleandlittleC.smallerandsmaller D.lessandless()4.Isawmany______withmyclassmatesinthezooyesterday.A.babiespandas B.babiespandaC.babypanda D.babypandas()5.Ourgovernmentshouldmakelaws_______pandas.A.protect B.toprotect.C.easilyhunt D.toeasilykill()6.Weshouldbuildmore_______toprotectwildanimals.A.houses B．zooC．cages D．reserves()7.—Howmanyfilmsdidyouwatchlastweek?—.A.NoneB.NooneC.NobodyD.Nothing()8.Don’tplayfootballinthestreet,Jim.Acar______hityou.A.can B.mayC.must D.should二、词汇运用：1．Agood_______（开始）ishalfdone.2．Manyanimalsarein_______（危险）．3．Hisparentsoften_______（鼓励）himtobemoreactiveineverything.4．_______（没有一个）oftheboyslikesthegame.5.Inthe_______(begin),Tomsangabeautifulsongfort