对应联想思维创新Corresponding and association thought innovation

创新思维法那么

Innovativethoughtmethod分析与综合法那么Analysisandsynthesismethod收敛与发散思维法那么Convergenceandvolatilizationthoughtmethod对应与联想思维法那么Correspondingandassociationthoughtmethod分解与集成思维法那么Disassembleandintegrationthoughtmethod换元与移植思维法那么Displacedandtransplantthoughtmethod正向、迂回与反向思维法那么Direct,circuitousandindirectthoughtmethod发现创新分析法那么

Analysismethod通过大量事物的分析，去伪存真，发现新的规律，可以作出科学领域的创新Throughtheanalysisofmassivethings,toeliminatethefalseandtokeepthetrue,todiscoverthenewrule,eventomakeinnovationinscientificfield1〕分析与综合法那么Analysisandsynthesismethod综合法那么

synthesismethod发现创新通过大量事物的综合，找出内在共性规律，可以作出科学领域的创新Throughthesynthesisofmassivethings,todiscovertheintrinsicgeneralcharacterrule,eventomakeinnovationinscientificfield分析与综合法那么Analysisandsynthesismethod分析法那么

Analysismethod三大行星的发现Thediscoveryofthreemajorplanets根本粒子的发现Thediscoveryofelementaryparticle综合法那么

synthesismethod万有引力Universalgravitation门捷列夫周期表Mendeleyevperiodictable牛顿和他在剑桥的苹果树门捷列夫与元素周期表2〕收敛与发散思维法那么

Convergenceandradiationthoughtmethod创造意味着寻求一个解Creationmeanstoseekasolution我们可以先确定一个解，然后以它为目标，寻求但凡想得出或可能的，通向这个目标的途径——收敛思维Wemayfirstlydetermineasolution,thentakeitasagoal,seekeverythingthatcanbefoundoutorispossible,thewaytothisgoal——convergencethought我们也有可能已经掌握一个原始解，以其为出发点，去寻找更多更好的解——发散思维Wealsohavethepossibilityalreadytograspaprimitivesolution,totakeitasthestartingpoint,toseekthemorebettersolution——radiationthought收敛思维创新

Convergencethoughtinnovation计时日冕香摆石英振荡沙漏水钟收敛的目标应高度抽象Convergenttargetshouldbehighabstract垂直平面挂物水泥钉钢钉钩玻璃吸盘粘胶钩膨胀螺钉便携式老年人无电磁波影响？发散型思维创新实例

Examplesofradiationthought表夜视表Nightvisionwatch语音功能表Pronunciationfunctionwatch饰物表Decorationswatch日历表Calendarwatch多功能表Multi-purposewatch

Mobilephone时差表Timedifferencewatch常用缺点列举法或优点列举法Flawandvirtueenumerationincommonuse3〕对应与联想思维法那么

Correspondingandassociationthoughtmethod具象类比Concreteanalogy抽象类比Abstractanalogy拟人类比Impersonatedanalogy梦想类比Illusiveanalogy具象类比

Concreteanalogy植物的钩联性与自贴拉链Plant'shookassociationwithself-pastedzipper鲨鱼外表的低摩阻与仿生外表Sharksurfacelowfrictionalresistanceandbiologicalmodelingsurface动物的外表自洁性能与防粘履带Animal'ssurfacewithguardsagainstfromthecleanperformancesticksthecaterpillarband步行机器人与管道机器人仿生设计Walkrobotandpipelinerobotbiologicalmodelingdesign蝙蝠的飞行定位与雷达Bat'sflightlocalizationandradar管道机器人与蚯蚓的钻行Thepipelinerobotandtheearthwormdrilltheline人工关节Manualjoint人体仿生Clayimitation人工心脏瓣膜

Mechanicalheartvalve人工心脏

Mechanicalheart种植牙

Plantingtooth对应联想思维创新

Correspondingandassociationthoughtinnovation

(抽象类比)

abstractanalogy割开剪开旋开撕开撬开啄开翻开

罐封瓶封盒封袋封封开罐头对应联想思维创新

Correspondingandassociationthoughtinnovation

(拟人类比)

Impersonatedanalogy音控门Soundcontroldoor风火轮Wind-firewheel隐身术Dormantskill对应联想思维创新

Correspondingandassociationthoughtinnovation

(梦想类比)

Illusiveanalogy4〕离散与集成式思维法那么

Dispersedandintegrativetypethoughtmethod

很多事物将其分解意味着创新；也有很多事物，彼此集成构成创新Manythingsmeanitsdecompositionasinnovation;butotherthingsintegratetoconstituteinnovation

集成具有如下几种：Theintegrationhasthefollowingseveralkinds:主要功能与辅助功能的集成

Mainfunctionandassistancefunctionintegration同样功能的集成，即使完全相同的主功能，组合到一起有时也会产生1＋12的效果

Similarfunctionintegration,eveniftheidenticalmainfunction,combinessometimesalsocanproduce1＋12不同功能的集成

Differentfunctionintegration离散思维创新

Dispersedthoughtinnovation隐形眼镜Contactlenses无绳No-ropetelephone分体空调Fissionalair-condition集装箱Container多级火箭Steprocket集成思维创新

Integrativethoughtinnovation

(主、辅功能组合)

Main,supplementfunctioncombination汽车选装功能Theautomobileelectstoinstallthefunction辅助功能Handsetauxiliaryfunction假体技术+骨移植技术=组合式假体Thephantomtechnology+bonetransplantsthetechnology=Combinedphantom组合思维创新

Combinativethoughtinnovation

(同样功能:1+1>2)

(Samefunction:1+1>2)双体船Catamaran双筒枪,多管机枪Doublepipegun,severalpipescatter-gun双筒望远镜,显微镜Doublepipetelescope,microscope双音响立体声Doubleacousticsstereo集成思维创新

Integratedthoughtinnovation

(无关功能组合)

(Independentfunctioncombination)

火星车Mars’car月球车Moon’car集成思维创新

Integratedthoughtinnovation

(不同功能关系组合)

(Differentfunction)双功能眼镜Doublefunctionalglass冷暖空调Changesintemperatureair-condition混合驱动汽车Mixdrivingcar加工中心Machiningcenter5〕换元与移植式思维法那么

Displacedandtransplantthoughtmethod客观事物都有内在的运动规律，有很多规律表现的因素不同，但规律相同，数学很好的反映了这点。这种思维方式移植到创造学中，成为换元法那么Theobjectivethingsallhavetheintrinsiclawofmotion,manyrulehasdifferentfactors,buttheruleissame,mathematicsverygoodreflectionthisspot.Thisthinkingmodetransplantstothecreativestudy,becomesthesubstitutionofvariables移植是把某一领域的一种方法或研究成果在另一领域内的应用，它常导致一门新的学科、领域或学说的创立。Thetransplantistoapplysomedomain’smethodorresearchresultstoanotherdomain,itoftencausesanewdiscipline,thedomainorthetheoryestablishment.换元思维创新

Displacedthoughtcreativity数学公式Mathematicalformula格莱塞尔的高能粒子轨迹测量方法Glaser'senergeticparticlepathmeasuringtechnique手术导航系统Surgicalnavigationsystem光学手术导航的根本原理是用光学定位系统把手术部位的组织结构和手术器械同时登录到计算机中，并精确的跟踪它们的位置变化，使医生通过观察屏幕上的器械与手术路径，精确的施行手术.Theopticssurgerynavigation’sbasicprincipleissimultaneouslytoregisterwithopticspositioningsystemthesurgeryspotorganizationalstructureandthesurgeryinstrumentinthecomputer,andtotrackpreciselytheirpositionalvariation,tocausedoctorexecutionsurgerythroughobservetheinstrumentandthesurgerywayonthescreen.手术器械坐标架导航仪患者患体坐标架红外光学定位系统医学图象处理建模与手术规划术前x光片三维重建数字化设计图像处理加工制造RP假体与术后x光片术后患者为一双侧髋关节先天性畸形患者定制施行双侧定制型人工髋关节置换术移植思维创新

Transplantthoughtcreativity

CAD/CAM技术在医学的应用例子

ExamplesofCAD/CAMapplicationinmedicine手术前CTRP建模假体手术过程中手术后手术规划〔包括义齿的位置与方向〕Surgeryprogramming万向铰式人工肩关节

Universalreammanualshoulderjoint

2004年获得国家科技进步二等奖6.正向、迂回与反向思维法那么

Direct,circuitousandindirectthoughtmethod正向、直线前进的思维方式在科学演绎中运用很多。在工程技术中，这是主要的，也是根本的思维方式Forward,thestraightlineadvancethinkingmodeutilizesverymuchinthesciencededuction.Inprojecttechnology,thisismain,alsoisthebasicthinkingmode由于人们习惯于正向思维，所以逆向思维常常导致意想不到的创新结果Becausethepeopleareaccustomedtotheforwardthought,thereforethenegativethinkingcausestheunexpectedinnovationresultfrequently迂回思维那么反映了创造中人的灵活性。用侧面代替正面，用间接代替直接，用阶段前进代替一步到位，等等Thecircuitousthoughthadreflectedhuman'sflexibilityincreativity.Toreplacefrontagewiththeside,toreplaceindirectwithdirect,toreplacethestageadvancewithreachingone'sgoalinstantly,andsoon迂回思维创新

Circuitousthoughtcreativity曹冲称象CaoChongweighselephant圆珠笔头磨损问题的迂回解决Howtodealwiththeabrasionofballpen’spoint用弱电控制强电Usingweakelectricitytocontrolstrongelectricity换位管理Managingbytransposition高斯计算1到100的方法Gaussmethod1234……50|51……9798991003+982+991+10050＊101=5050逆向思维创新实例

Anexampleofconversethoughtcreativity司马光打破水缸救小友SiMa-guangsavedhisfriendbybreakingwatervatwhenhewasyoung3M的不干胶开发Theexploitationofnot-drygluein3Mcompany空调:从制冷到制热Air-condition:fromrefrigerationtogeneratinghot江崎与黑田有合在锗的提纯中改用添加元素Twoscholarspurifygermaniumbyaddelements从电腐蚀到电加工Fromelectricalcorruptiontoelectricalmachining上海新天地开发新理念TheexploitationofShangHaiXinTianDi缺口利用Theuseofindentation逆向思维创新实例

Anexampleofconversethoughtcreativity创新工作方法

Innovatingworkmethod智爆法Wisdomburstmethod635法635method哥顿法GordonMethod

输入输出法In-outmethod智爆法

Wisdomburstmethod

1.是一种让智力像山洪一样爆发的方法Amethodthatwisdomburstjustbelikefloodb