名校联盟浙江省永嘉县大若岩镇中学九年级英语复习动词不

动词不定式

动词不定式在句子中用法灵活，作用很大，是中考中重要的考查项目之一，大家一定要学好吆！肯定式：to+

动词原形否定式：notto+

动词原形(to是不定式符号，无意义，有时可以不带)(一)基本形式

onthewaytoschoolonthewaytoseeafilmIwanttoborrowadictionary.TurntoPage32.CouldIspeaktoMr.Smith,please?Theybegantoreadandwrite.Heisusedtogettingupearly.

你知道

是不定式还是介词?to

不定式之前的to与介词to不同。介词to之后要跟名词、代词或相当于名词的短语作宾语；而不定式to之后必须跟动词原形。介词to:to+名词/代词/动名词不定式to:to+动词原形

（二）动词不定式的用法动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。1、不定式作主语Toseeistobelieve.(眼见为实）TolearnEnglishwellisimportant.=It’simportanttolearnEnglishwell.口语中，常用作形式主语，而把真正的主语动词不定式（或短语）后置。to+动词原形常用句型1.Ittakesb.sometimetodosth.e.g.Ittookmetwohourstowritetheletter.

2.Itis+adj.+(for/ofsb.)+todosth.如果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的，则在不定式前加一个for引起的短语，即不定式的逻辑主语。e.g.It’snothardforonetodoabitofgood.

在以某些表示人的品质、特征等的形容词（如kind、good、nice、wrong、clever、right等）作表语时，不定式之前常加一个引起的短语，说明不定式指的是谁的情况。e.g.It’skindofyoutohelpme.It’snotpoliteofhimtospeaktooldpeoplelikethat.2、不定式作宾语Vt.(及物动词）+todosth.

(2)动词不定式作宾语其后又有补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而把不定式后置。(think,feel)

Ifounditdifficulttolearnphysics.Iwanttobuyacomputer.Shehopestofindabetterjob.Iwishtogowithyou.needtodo learntodo agreetodoplantododecidetodo refusetodobegintodostarttodo trytodoforgettodoremembertodoliketodostoptodo goontodo3.用作宾语补足语：(v.+sb.+todo)Sheaskedmetohelpher.Theteachertoldhimtocomeontime.

want

sbtodo wish

sbtodo

get

sbtodo order

sbtodo

find

sbtobe like

sbtodo

wouldlike

sbtodo help

sbtodo常用省去to的动词不定式作补足语的动词有：“一感（feel）、二听（hear,listento）、三让（make,let,have）、四看（lookat,see,watch,notice）”Pleaselistentomesingthissongagain.Youmustwatchmecarefullydoeverything.动词help之后的不定式既可省to也可不省to。Heoftenhelps(to)cleantheroom.Mr.Zhangalwayshelpsus(to)learnEnglish.注意：感官动词、使役动词后不定式省to，但变为被动语态时，必须加上to。Theyaremadetoworkfor12hoursaday.Hewasheardtospeakinthenextroom.3.不定式作表语Itseemstobeaninterestingbook.Herdreamistobeapoliceman.4.不定式作定语动词不定式作定语时，要放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后，作后置定语。Iwanttogetsomethingtoreadduringtheholiday.Wehavealotworktodo.Sheisthefirstpersontothinkoftheidea.There’snothingforustoworryabout.

动词不定式位于不及物动词之后作状语，可作目的、结果、原因状语。

5、不定式作状语ShecameheretoborrowanEnglishbook.（目的）Sheistooyoungtogotoschool.（结果）Herunsfastenoughtocatchahorse.

Wearesurprisedtoseesuchbeautifulanimals.（四）学习动词不定式注意

1、疑问词+不定式结构“疑问词+不定式”构成不定式短语在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语，相当于一个名词性从句，常常可用来简化从句。Howtodoitisaproblem.(=Howweshoulddoit.)Ireallydon’tknowwhattowriteabout.(=whatIshouldwriteabout)IaskedhimhowtolearnEnglishwell.(=howIcouldlearnEnglishwell)

2、不定式的否定不定式的否定是在不定式之前加上not.Heaskedmenottomakeanynoise.Tellhimnottoplayonthestreet.不可不记3、不定式的被动式当不定式的逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动形式。Thebooksarenotallowedtobetakenoutoftheroom.Thisisadaynever

tobeforgotten.Exercises:1.--You’vedoneverywellthistime. --It’sreallykind________. A.foryoutosaysoB.foryousayingso C.ofyoutosaysoD.ofyousayingso2.Itisbettertoloseone’slifethan_______. A.ifyouloseyourspirit B.losinghisspirit C.toloseone’sspirit D.yourspiritgettinglostCC3.Thereisn’tanydifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydon’tknow________. A.wheretochoose B.whichtochoose C.whattochoose D.tochoosewhich4.Thebagistooheavyforme_______. A.tocarryit B.nottocarryit C.tocarry D.nottocarry5.Theteacherwillteachhim_______. A.touse B.useit C.howtouseit D.uses BCC动名词构成常用用法其他用法1.作主语WatchingTVisveryinteresting.Workingonthefarmhasalotoffun.不定式作主语2.作表语Hisjobis________________.(teachEnglish)Hisjobtodayistowatchingflowersinthegarden.teachingEnglish3.作宾语Wouldyoumindturningdownthemusic?mindcan’thelpdoingsth.finishbeusedtodoingsth.enjoylookforwardtodoingsth.keepbegoodatdoingsth.havefundoingsth.beproudofdoingsth其他用法简短的揭示语Nosmoking.Noparking.Nodrinking.Nolittering.2.常用句式

1.havesometrouble(