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阅读微技能(1)---
Howtogetthemainidea?(主旨归纳题)主旨大意---问题形式:1).中心思想类
Themainpoint/ideaofthepassageis…Thepassageismainlyabout…Thepassagemainlydiscusses…Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?2).标题类
Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe…3).目的类
Theauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthepassageisto…Thepassageismeantto….
Inwritingthispassage,theauthormainlyintendsto…Sometimesananimalhasaplantpartner.Therelationshipdevelopsuntilthetwopartnerscannotmanagewithouteachother.Thisissointhecoralsofthesea.Intheirskinstheyhavetinyplantswhichactas"dustman",takingsomeofthewasteproductsfromthecoralsandgivinginreturnoxygenwhichtheanimalneedstobreathe.Iftheplantsarekilled,orareevenpreventedfromlightsothattheycannotlivenormally,thecoralswilldie.1.Whatdoestheparagraphmainlydiscuss?A.Someanimalsandplantsdependoneachotherforexistence.B.Someanimalsandplantsdeveloptheirrelationshipeasily.C.Someplantsdependoneachotherforfood.D.Someanimalslivebettertogether.
2
Oftennoonelooksmoreguiltythantheinnocent.Ontheotherhand,nobodymaylookmoreinnocentthanaprofessionalcriminal.Andthemanwhoknows“everything”mayreallyonlybetryingtohidehisownweakness.So,itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance.
Themainideaofthispassageisthat________.
A.aninnocentpersonlooksmoreguiltythanaprofessionalcriminaldoesB.themanwhoknows"everything"mayreallyknowsnothingC.wearefoolishifwejudgeapersononlybyhisappearanceD.itisdifficulttotelltheguiltyfromtheinnocent.
So,itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance
3
Alaska'sicewaterteemswithfish.Fishingindustryistheleadingindustry.Thevalueofproductspreparedeveryyearformarketisabout$1000,000,000.ThisformstheimportantpartofAlaska'swealth.Thepassagedealswith_________.A.geographyofAlaskaB.fishingindustryofAlaskaC.fishmarketofAlaskaD.Alaska'swealth
Fishingindustryistheleadingindustry.
4
TomstudiedfouryearsattheUniversityofParisanddecidedtoleavebeforehisgraduation.HetransferredtotheUniversityofBerlinandgraduatedwithhonors.HarvardLawSchooland,later,BostonCollegeprovidedhimwithanexcellentlegalbackground.HeispresentlyacorporationlawyerinMiami,Florida.
Themainideaofthisparagraphisthat______.
A.Tom,whohadstudiedatParisUniversitiesforfour
years,movedtoanotheruniversity.
B.Tombecamealawyersincehisgraduationfrom
HarvardLawSchoolandlaterfromBostonCollege.
C.Tomwasanexcellentstudentwhenhestudiedat
Berlinuniversity.
D.Tomreceivedanexcellenteducation.detaildetaildetailTopicsentence:typeThepositionofthetopicInformationwordsAtthebeginningAttheendInthemiddleNocleartopicsentenceforexample……so,therefore,……TIP1:抓---主题句45.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroduceanewbusinessmodel.B.Tocomparetwobusinessmodels.C.Topredictachangeoftheglobalmarket.D.Toadvocatesustainabledevelopment.高考试题-广东卷Peoplenowrealizethatwemustbeabletodevelopinsustainableways.Thatmeansgrowthwithlowcarbonordevelopmentofsustainableproducts.Today,sustainabledevelopmentisapropertrendinmanycountries.…Inaddition,wearealsoseeinggreatgrowthforsustainableproducts……….canacceleratethechangefromtraditionalmodeltoasustainableone.…butitoffersabundantnewchancesforsustainableproductindustries.关键词:1)关注高频词:
2)
关注标志词:
but,yet,however…notonly…butalso…so,therefore,actually,inshort,..…show/find/suggest/argue…forexample/instance
,suchas…其前的为主题句其后的为主题句TIP2:抓---关键词Itmayhelpyoutoknowthatthereisnosuchthingasaperfectspeech.……Evenifyoudomakeanobviousmistakeduringaspeech,thatdoesn’treallymatter.……Asyouworkonyourspeech,don’tworryaboutbeingimperfect.Onceyoufreeyourmindofthis,youwillfinditmucheasiertogiveyourspeechfreely.54.Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?
A.HowtoBeaPerfectSpeakerB.HowtoMakeaPerfectSpeechC.Don’tExpectaPerfectSpeechD.Don’tExpectMistakesinaSpeech相反信息相反信息相反信息Tip3:敲---选项
Ifyouwereplanningtobuyatelevisionset,thefollowingadvertisementwouldcertainlydrawyourattention:“ColorTV.Only$79.Twodayssale.Hurry.”However,whenyougotothestorereadytobuy.Youmaydiscoverthattheyaresoldout.Buttheshopassistantisquicktotellyouthathehasanothermodel.Amuchbettersetwhichis“justrightforyou”Itcosts$395.Thissalesmethodiscalled“baitandswitch”.Buyersarebaitedwithasalesadvertisement,andthentheyareswitchedtoanothermoreexpensiveone.Buyingthingsonsaleneedscarefulconsiderationofthegoodsandthereasonforthesale.(2.5m’)Theparagraphcouldbeentitled_________.A.BuyingATVSetB.ASellingMethodC.BuyerBewareD.TVOnSaleThissalesmethodiscalled“baitandswitch”.(detail)(detail)(detail)诱售法()Giveanexample1)以偏概全:太窄;局部信息;2)主题扩大:过于宽泛,与细节脱节;3)断章取义
:以文中个别字眼、以次要细节冒充;
4)相反信息:
5)张冠李戴
:属于A的特征放在B的身上
干扰项的特点总结主旨大意题思路方法:
1、抓---主题句
2、抓---中心词
3、敲---选项practice
②MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetipofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.1.time2.shipsandpeople3.route4.Sufferingsanddifficultiesa.Lackoffoodandfreshwaterb.Hungeranddiseasesc.DeathsTheprocessofMagellan’slongdifficultvoyage5.success
③Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.Magellan’svoyageprovedtheearthisround.
①Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.
②MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetipofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoedHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.
③Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.Paragraph1:Magellan’svoyagewasthefirsttriparoundtheworld.Paragraph2:TheprocessofMagellan’slongdifficultvoyageParagraph3:Magellan’svoyagedprovedtheearthisround.Magellan’svoyage2Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetripofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.
Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.Magellan’sdeathB.GoingAroundTheWorldC.TheWorldIsRoundD.Magellan’sVoyage(toonarrow)(toonarrow)(toobroad)(proper)3Readingtodogsisanunusualwaytohelpchildrenimprovetheirliteracyskills.Withtheirshiningbrowneyes,waggingtails,andunconditionallove,dogscanprovidethenonjudgmentallistenersneededforabeginningreadertogainconfidence,accordingtoIntermountainTherapyAnimals(ITA)inSaltLakeCity.Thegroupsaysitisthefirstprograminthecountrytousedogstohelpdevelopliteracyinchildren,withtheintroductionofReadingEducationAssistanceDogs(READ).
TheSaltLakeCityPublicLibraryissoldontheidea.“Literacyspecialistsadmitthatchildrenwhoreadbelowtheleveloftheirfellowpupilsareoftenafraidofreadingaloudinagroup,oftenhavelowerself-respect,andregardreadingasaheadache,”saidLisaMyron,managerofthechildren’sdepartment.
LastNovemberthetwogroupsstarted“DogDayAfternoon”inthechildren’sdepartmentofthemainlibrary.About25childrenattendedeachofthefourSaturday-afternoonclasses,readingforhalfanhour.Thosewhoattendedthreeofthefourclassesreceiveda“pawgraphed”bookatthelastclass.TheprogramwassosuccessfulthatthelibraryplanstorepeatitinApril,accordingtoDanaThumpowsky,publicrelationsmanager.Exampleandsuccessoftheprogram3Readingtodogsisanunusualwaytohelpchildrenimprovetheirliteracyskills(读写能力).Withtheirshiningbrowneyes,waggingtails,andunconditionallove,dogscanprovidethenonjudgmentallistenersnee
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