阅读与写作名词性从句

阅读与写作(7)名词性从句法律法规类 法律法规是维护社会正常秩序的重要保障，只有树立了正确的法律意识才能保障他人的正当的权利，因此，此类文章也是高考中常涉及到的。美文赏析Notlongago，self­drivingcarsseemedlikesciencefiction①.ButGoogleisnowoperatingso­calledautonomous②carsinCaliforniaandNevada.Butonequestionisgettinglittleattention：shouldself­drivingcarsbelegal？Andiftheyare，howwillthelawsofdrivinghavetoadapt？Atpresentallourrulesaboutdrivingarebasedonhavingahumanbehindthewheel③.CarcrashesarealeadingcauseofdeathforAmericansages4to34.Supporters_believe_that_self­driving_cars_can_make_driving_safer_by_eliminating_distracted(注意力分散的)driving_and_other_human_mistakes.Google's

self­drivingcarshavecamerasonthetoptolookaroundthemandcomputerstodothedriving.Inthefirst300,000miles，Googlereportedthatitscarshadnothadasingleacci­dent.Asself­drivingcarsbecomemorecommon，therewillbemanynewlegalquestions.Ifaself­drivingcargetsintoanaccident，thehumanwhois“co­piloting(副驾驶)”maynotbefullyatfault—hemayevenbeaninjuredparty.Whoshouldberesponsibleforthetrafficaccident？Thehumanintheself­drivingcarorthecar'smanufacturer？Newlawswillhavetobewrittentosortallthisout.Howinvolvedarewegoingtoexpectthehumanco­pilottobe？Mustthe“drivers”remainvigilant④，theirhandsonthewheelandtheireyesontheroad？Ifnot，whataretheyallowedtodoinsideoroutsidethecar？Canthehumaninthecardrink？Text­message？Readabook?AtthesigningceremonyforCalifornia'sself­driving­carlaw，GovernorJerryBrownwasaskedwhoisresponsiblewhenaself­drivingcarrunsaredlight.Heanswered：“Idon'tknow—whoeverownsthecar，Iwouldthink.”Butwewillworkthatout.Thatwillbetheeasiestthingtoworkout.Google's

Brinjoked，“Self­drivingcarsdon'trunredlights.”Neitheranswerissufficient⑤.Should

self­drivingcarsbelegal，theywerelikelytostartshowingupfasterandingreaternumbersthanpeopleexpect.Butifthatisthecase，weneedtostartthinkingaboutthelegalquestionsnow.【解题导语】本文为议论文。最近美国的加利福尼亚州和内华达州通过立法，允许无人驾驶汽车在这两个州行驶。作者认为在无人驾驶汽车普及之前，我们应该修改交通法规。一、阅读与积累1．攻克疑难词汇 ①sciencefiction科幻小说 ②autonomousadj.有自立能力的，自主的 ③behindthewheel在驾驶(汽车等) ④vigilantadj.警惕的，警醒的 Pleaseremainvigilantatalltimesandreportanythingsuspicious.请随时保持警惕，遇到可疑情况随时报告。 ⑤sufficientadj.足够的，充分的 Wecantrusthimifthereissufficientevidence. 如果有足够的证据，我们会相信他。2．攻克疑难句 Shouldself­drivingcarsbelegal，theywerelikelytostartshowingupfasterandingreaternumbersthanpeopleexpect.结构分析本句为主从复合句。主句是theywerelikelytostartshowingupfasterandingreaternumbers。Shouldself­drivingcarsbelegal相当于Ifself­drivingcarsshouldbelegal，是一个虚拟条件状语从句。than引导一个比较状语从句。尝试翻译

如果无人驾驶汽车合法的话，它们可能会比人们预料的更快更猛地增长。二、理解与书面表达1．理解文章主旨 Thepassagemainlytellsussomething_about_self­driving

_cars.2．理解与书面表达 文中画线的句子是属于名词性从句中的________从句。答案宾语3．精通句式：名词性从句 (1)说明：名词性从句是重要的语法项目之一，也是写作中常用的高级表达之一。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 (2)例句感悟： ①Thatyoudidn'tknowtheruleswon'tbeanexcuseforyourfailuretoreport. ②—YouknowIgaveupthejobasawaiterandwenttothatlittlecompany. —That'swhereyou'vemadeamistake.Thatcompanyisn'twellmanaged.③Thequestionwasputforwardatthemeetingwhetherwehadenoughmoneyforourresearch.④Itdoesn'tmatterwhetherhecomestomypartyornot.(3)用名词性从句翻译下列句子①大家都知道Andy是位有名的作家。没有人知道她来自何处。她是否出生于1961年仍然是个谜。______________________________________________

②大家对她了解的是穷人都喜欢她，因为她总是帮助那些急需钱的人。______________________________________________

③Andy很慷慨而且乐于助人但有些人认为她想出名。______________________________________________

④Andy说她不明白为什么他们那么心胸狭窄，但别人怎么想对她无所谓，她想做自己认为正确的事的想法

不会改变。______________________________________________

⑤我认为那就是生命意义之所在。______________________________________________

答案①EveryoneknewthatAndywasafamouswriter.Nooneknewwhereshecamefrom.Whethershewasbornin1961wasstillamystery.②Whattheydidknowwasthatshewaslovedbypoorpeoplebecauseshealwayshelpedwhoeverwasinneedofmoney.③Andywasgenerousandhelpful，butsomepeoplethoughtshewaschasingfame.④Andysaidshedidn'tunderstandwhytheyweresonarrow­minded，butitdoesn'tmatterwhatotherswouldthinkofher.Thethoughtthatshejustwantedtodowhatshethoughtwasrightwouldneverchange.⑤Ithinkthatiswherethemeaningoflifelies. EveryoneknewthatAndywasafamouswriter,butnooneknewwhereshecamefromandwhethershewasbornin1961wasstillamystery.Whattheydidknowwasthatshewaslovedbypoorpeoplebecauseshealwayshelpedwhoeverwasinneedofmoney.Andywasgenerousandhelpful，butsomepeoplethought