商贸英汉翻译（二）english-chinese cultur

Chapter3

English-Chinese

CultureandTranslation1.Therelationshipbetweencultureandlanguage;2.Businessactivitiesandinterculturalcommunication3.Translatingstrategiesininterculturalbusinessactivities;3.1Definitionofcultureanditsrelationshipwithlanguage;1.theattributesofmanMaterialsmanhasgottosatisfyhis

needs;b.Socialinstitutionsandorganizationsmanhasestablished;c.Knowledgeaboutnatureandmanhimselfandartisticdevelopment;d.Languageandothercommunicationsystems;e.Customs,habitsandbehaviouralpatterns;f.Valuesystems,worldviews,nationtraits,aestheticstandardsandthinkingpatterns.Culture(initsbroadsense)called“largeCculture”or“academicculture”Customs,habitsand

behavioralpatterns;(initsnarrowsense)2.AlifewayofapopulationCultureValuesystems,worldviewandnationaltraits;Lawsandregulations;called“smallCculture”or“anthropologicalculture”(人类学的)Relationshipbetweenlanguageandculture:a.Languageispartsofculture;b.Languageisthecarrierandcontainerofculture;c.Asamirrorofculturelanguageisstronglyinfluenced;andshapedbyculture;d.Languagealsoexertsitsinfluenceonculture;e.Languageandcultureiscloselyrelated,eachinfluencedandshapingtheother.3.2businessactivitiesandinterculturalcommunication(1)Verbalcommunication(brandnames);白象牌电池；Whiteelephant:

“useless,seldomUsed;ortoocostlytobeworthmaintaining;蝙蝠牌电扇;bats:

“blindnessandmadness;bloodsucking”;龙dragon:

“terriblyfierce,cruelperson,esp.women”;(2)NonverbalcommunicationChinese:extendopenhands,palmsdown,towardthepersonwithallfingerscrookedInabeckoningmotion;Iamfull.ComehereChinese:oneorbothopenhandslightlypattingone’sownstomach.English:extendclosedhands,palmsup,withonlytheirforefingersmovingbackandforth;English:expressedbyaopenhands,palmdown,raisedtoone’sthroat;HitchhikingChineseraiseopenhand,palmforward;Englishuseaclosedhandwithanoutstretchedthumbpointingthedirection;(3)ReligionBuddhismHinduismMoslemNotdrinking,noteatingpork;Notdrinking,noteatingmeat,shallot,garlic;Noteatingbeefandsomerelatedproducts;(4)TimeWesterncountries:China:aconceptofM-time;tightlyandstrictlyarrangedtheirschedule;aconceptofP-time;candothingsonschedulemeanwhilecandoothers;(5)Space(senseofspatialterritory)TheintimatezoneFromtouchingto18inches;Thecausal-personalzoneFrom18inchesto8feet;From4feetto8feet;Thesocio-consultativezonePubliczoneFrom8feettothelimitsofone’svisionandhearing;(6)colorsredgreenwhiteblackAssociatedwithcelebrationsandjoyfuloccasions;AredletterdayAdayspeciallyremembered;Aredcarpetrespective

receptionorattention;Associatedwithjealousyandenvy;lackingexperience;Greenwithenvy;green-eyed;greenhandToconnotepurityandinnocencetoChineseandEnglish;Toconnotebadandunpleasantaspects;Associatedwithnegativequalities;(黑名单，黑市;ablacksheep,intheblack:runningabusinessprofitably)(8)Numbers“3”signifies:producing,favonian”(吉祥的);InChina“8”symbolizes“lucky”;InEnglish“4”standsfor“die”;“13”isthoughttobe“unlucky”;“7”isthoughttobe“lucky”.3.4translatingstrategiesamethodofsupplement(toculturalbackgroundknowledge)HotwaxSpecialinformationinEnglishculture;灼热的祛毛腊Electrolysis脱毛电针(2)amethodofdomesticationandforeignization;Domesti