国际贸易实务教学课件：chapter 4 Intl Trade Terms

ChapterFour

InternationalTradeTerms

2重点内容INCOTERMS2010RULESOFTRADETERMexercisesandassignmentinternationaltradeterms3ModesoftransportCIFFOBCFRKeywordsICCINCOTERMS2010internationaltradeterms4

ClauseofPrice(anexportquotation)

USD350perM/TCIFNewYorkUSD10/pcFOBVICTORIAPORTHONGKONGHKD5000percartonCIFC2HONGKONGa)currencyunit(计价货币)b)unitpricefigure（单位价格金额）c)measurementunit（计量单位）d)tradeterm（贸易术语）

internationaltradeterms5Commission“US$200PerM/TCIFC2%London”Discount“US$200permetrictonCIFLondonless3%discount”.CommissionandDiscountinternationaltradeterms6Tradeterms(pricetermsordeliveryterms)refertousingabriefEnglishconceptorabbreviationtoindicatetheformationoftheunitpriceanddeterminetheresponsibilities,expensesandrisksbornebytwopartiesaswellasthetimeofthepassingofthepropertyinthegoods.DefinitionofTradeTerms

internationaltradeterms71.Warsaw-OxfordRules1932《1932年华沙—牛津规则》2.RevisedAmericanForeignTradeDefinitions1941

《1941年美国对外贸易定义修订本》InternationalRulesRelatingtoTradeTermsItprovidesstandardinterpretationforCIF.ItstradetermsarewidelyusedinNorthAernationaltradeterms83.INCOTERMS2010

—InternationalRulesfortheInterpretationofTradeTerms

《国际贸易术语解释通则》InternationalRulesRelatingtoTradeTermsinternationaltradeterms9Itaimstoprovideasetofstandardizedtermswhichwillbeinterpretedinexactlythesamewaybycourtsineverycountry.

InternationalRulesRelatingtoTradeTerms--INCOTERMSNB:

INCOTERMSarenotpartofnationalorinternationallaw,buttheycanbebindingonbuyersorsellersprovidedthesalescontractspecifiesthataparticularINCOTERMSwillapply.InternationalRulesfortheInterpretationofTradeTerms(国际贸易术语解释通则)internationaltradeterms101936TheInternationalChamberofCommerce(ICC)1953,1980,1990,2000,2010HistoryofINCOTERMS2000Assignment:couldyoudescribethedifferencesofincoterms2000and2010bysearchingandcomparingtheinformationthroughinternet?internationaltradeterms11actualdelivery实际交货symbolicdelivery象征性交货actualdeliveryandsymbolicdeliveryinternationaltradeterms12

INCOTERMS2010GroupE（Departure）EXWExWorks(---namedplace)GroupF（Maincarriageunpaid）FCAFreeCarrier(---namedplace)FASFreeAlongsideShip(---namedportofshipment)FOBFreeOnBoard(---namedportofshipment)GroupC（Maincarriagepaid）CFRCostandFreight(---namedportofdestination)成本加运费CIFCost,InsuranceandFreight(---namedportofdestination)成本加保险费、运费工厂交货货交承运人船边交货装运港船上交货启运主运费未付主运费已付InternationalRulesRelatingtoTradeTerms--INCOTERMSinternationaltradeterms13CPTCarriagePaidTo(---namedplaceofdestination)运费付至CIPCarriageandInsurancePaidTo(---namedplaceofdestination)运费、保险费付至GroupD（Arrival）

到达DATDeliveredAtTerminal(---namedterminalatportorplaceofdestination)运输终端交货DAPDeliveredAtPlace(---namedplaceofdestination)目的地交货DDPDeliveredDutyPaid(---namedplaceofdestination)完税后交货InternationalRulesRelatingtoTradeTerms--INCOTERMSinternationaltradeterms14

Underalltheseterms,therespectiveobligationsofthepartieshavebeengroupedundertenheadingswhereeachheadingontheseller’sside“mirrors”thepositionofthebuyerwithrespecttothesamesubjectmatter(标的).InternationalRulesRelatingtoTradeTerms--INCOTERMSinternationaltradeterms15Thetenheadings(SellerA1-A10,BuyerB1-B10)are:A1.Provisionofgoodsinconformitywiththecontract(提供符合合同规定的货物)B1.Paymentoftheprice（支付货款）A2.Licenses,authorizationsandformalities（许可证、批准文件及海关手续）B2.Licenses,authorizationsandformalities（许可证、批准文件及海关手续）A3.Contractofcarriageandinsurance（运输合同与保险合同）B3.Contractofcarriageandinsurance（运输合同与保险合同）A4.Delivery（交货）B4.Takingdelivery（受领货物）A5.Transferofrisks（风险转移）B5.Transferofrisks（风险转移）A6.Divisionofcosts（费用划分）B6.Divisionofcosts（费用划分）InternationalRulesRelatingtoTradeTerms--INCOTERMSinternationaltradeterms16A7.Noticetothebuyer（通知买方）B7.Noticetotheseller（通知卖方）A8.Proofofdelivery,transportdocumentorequivalentelectronicmessage（交货凭证、运输单证或有同等作用的电子信息）B8.Proofofdelivery,transportdocumentorequivalentelectronicmessage（交货凭证、运输单证或有同等作用的电子信息）A9.Checking-packaging-marking（核查、包装及标记）B9.Inspectionofgoods（货物检验）A10.Otherobligations（其他义务）B10.Otherobligations（其他义务）InternationalRulesRelatingtoTradeTerms--INCOTERMSinternationaltradeterms17WarehouseFactoryEXWRailwaystation,Busstation,etc.CY,CFSWharfFASDATDAPDDPBuyerSellerFrontierExportingcountryImportingcountryDAPcustomscustomsFOBCFRCIFSBWarehouseFCACPTCIPInternationalRulesRelatingtoTradeTerms--INCOTERMSinternationaltradeterms181.FOB:FREEONBOARD(…namedportofshipment)“FreeonBoard”meansthatthesellerdeliverswhenthegoodspasstheship’srailatthenamedportofshipment.Thismeansthatthebuyerhastobearallcostsandrisksoflossofordamagetothegoodsfromthatpoint.TheFOBtermrequiresthesellertoclearthegoodsforexport.Thistermbeusedonlyforseaorinlandwaterwaytransport.Ifthepartiesdonotintendtodeliverthegoodsacrosstheship’srail,theFCAtermshouldbeused.MainTradeTerms--FOBinternationaltradeterms191.FOBLinerTerms(FOB班轮条件）2.FOBUnderTackle(FOB吊钩下交货）3.FOBStowed(FOB含理舱费）4.FOBTrimmed(FOB含平舱费）MainTradeTerms--derivedtermsofFOBQuestion:WhatdoesFOBSTmeanininternationaltradeterms?internationaltradeterms20

2.CFR:CostandFreight(…namedportofdestination)MainTradeTerms--CFRItisthesellerwhocharterstheships,booksshippingspaceandpaysforthecargoloading.

ThisisthemajordifferencebetweenCFRandFOB.Whenthegoodsareloadedonboardthevessel,thesellershouldsendshippingnoticetothebuyer.

Question:whatarethedifferencesbetweenFOBandCFR?internationaltradeterms211)CFRLinerTerms(CFR班轮条件)2)CFRLanded(CFR卸到岸上)3)CFREX-Ship’sHold(CFR舱底交货)MainTradeTerms--derivedtermsofCFRinternationaltradeterms223.CIF:Cost,InsuranceandFreight(---namedportofdestination)

“Cost,InsuranceandFreight”meansthatthesellerdeliverswhenthegoodspasstheship’srailintheportofshipment.MainTradeTerms--CIFinternationaltradeterms23DifferentresponsibilitiesandfeesCIF=CFR+Insurance=FOB+Insurance+FreightSamerisktransferringpoint:theship’srailatthenamedportofshipment2.Sameplaceofdelivery:portofshipment3.Samemeansoftransportation:seaandinlandwaterwaytransport4.Export&importlicense:thesellerisinchargeofexportlicenseandtheimportisresponsiblefortheimportlicense.Question:whatarethesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenFOB,CFRandCIF?internationaltradeterms244.FCAFreeCarrier(---namedplace)“FreeCarrier”meansthatthesellerfulfilshisobligationtodeliverwhenhehashandedoverthegoods,clearedforexport,intothechargeofthecarriernamedbythebuyeratthenamedplaceorpoint.Thistermmaybeusedirrespectiveofthemodeoftransport,includingmulti-modaltransport.“Carrier”meansanypersonwho,inacontractofcarriage,undertakestoperformortoprocuretheperformanceoftransportbyrail,road,air,sea,inlandwaterwayorbyacombinationofsuchmodes.(INCOTERMS2000)MainTradeTerms--FCAinternationaltradeterms255.CPT/CarriagePaidTo(---namedplaceofdestination)

CPTmeansthatthesellerdeliversthegoodstothecarriernominatedbyhimbutthesellermustinadditionpaythecostofcarriagenecessarytobringthegoodstothenameddestination.Thismeansthatthebuyerbearsallrisksandanyothercostsoccurringafterthegoodshavebeensodelivered.TheCPTtermrequiresthesellertoclearthegoodsforexport.Thistermmaybeusedirrespectiveofthemodeoftransportincludingmulti-modaltransport.MainTradeTerms--CPTinternationaltradeterms266.CIP/CarriageandInsurancePaidto(---namedplaceofdestination)CIPmeansthatthesellerdeliversthegoodstothecarriernominatedbyhimbutthesellermustinadditionpaythecostsofcarriagenecessarytobringthegoodstothenameddestination.Thismeansthatthebuyerbearsallrisksandanyadditionalcostsoccurringafterthegoodshavebeensodelivered.However,inCIPtheselleralsohastoprocureinsuranceagainstthebuyer’sriskoflossofordamagetothegoodsduringthecarriage.ThebuyershouldnotethatundertheCIPtermthesellerisrequiredtoobtaininsuranceonlyonminimumcover.Ifthebuyerwishtohavetheprotectionofgreatercover,hewouldeitherneedtoagreeasmuchexpresslywiththesellerortomakehisownextrainsurancearrangements.MainTradeTerms--CIPinternationaltradeterms27CIP=CPT+Insurance=FCA+Insurance+Freight(beusedirrespectiveofthemodeoftransport)Samerisktransferringpoint:Handingovertothecarrier风险转移点：货交承运人CIF=CFR+Insurance=FOB+Insurance+Freight(onlyforseaandinlandwaterwaytransport)Samerisktransferringpoint:theship’srailatthenamedportofshipment风险转移点：装运港船舷MainTradeTerms--summaryinternationaltradeterms281.Equalityandmutualbenefit.2.Savingforeignexchange.3.Reducingfreight.4.Modesoftransportation.5.Takingtherealmeaningofrailintoconsideration.6.Customsclearance.

Besidesthat,factorssuchastheloadingandunloadingconditionsintheport,routinesoftheportandoceanmarinerisksshouldalsobetakenintoconsideration.PrinciplesinChoosingDifferentTermsofDeliveryinternationaltradeterms29Task:What’sthepurposeof“INCOTERMS”?Howmanytradetermsdoesitinclude?Howmanycategorieshavethetermsbeengroupedinto?2.Whatshouldthepricequotationbasicallyinclude?Giveusanexample.3.What’sthedifferencebetweenFOBandCFR?CIFandCIP?DDUandDDP?4.Makealistof13tradetermsofINCOTERMS,whatdotheystandforandtheirChineseequivalent.Thistermcanbeusedonlyforseaorinlandwaterwaytransport?TradeTerms--exerciseinternationaltradeterms301.Aunitpriceconsistsoffourparts:currencyunit,unitpricefigure,measuringunitandpriceterms.2.Thefluctuationsofexchangeratesmayinfluencetheinterestsofbothexporterandimporter.3.Commissionreferstoservicefees,whilediscountisacertainpercentofpricereduction.4.UnderCIF,cargoinsuranceistobeeffectedbythebuyer.5.Accordingtowhetherthepriceincludescommissionornot,thepricecanbedividedintonetpriceandcommission-includedprice.TradeTerms--exerciseinternationaltradeterms316.“USD200perM/TCIFC2London”meansthatthesellerwillreceive200USdollarsforpermetricton.7.AllinternationalbusinesstransactionsaredoneunderIncoterms2000.8.Tradetermscanbecalledpricetermsbecausetheystandforthepricecomponent.9.EXWinIncoterms2000isthetradetermunderwhichtherisksofthesellerareinminimum.10.CFRisthetermwhentheconsignmentisdeliveredwithallthechargesuptoarrivalattheportofdestinationpaidbytheseller.TradeTerms--exerciseinternationaltradeterms3211.CPTisthemostappropriatetermwhenthesellermustpaythecostandfreightnecessarytobringthegoodstothenamedportofdestinationbyaroll-on/roll-offvessel.12.Whenthesellerpaysforthegoodstobeplacedalongsidethevesselonthequayorinlightersatthenamedportofshipment,thetermisFOB.13.Iftheselleragreestodeliverthegoodstoaship,butnottopayforloadingthem,thenthetermisFOB.14.Generallyspeaking,underFOBinIncoterms2000,itistheseller’sresponsibilitytoapplyfortheexportlicenseandpaytheexportduty.15.UnderFOBSanFrancisco,SanFranciscoistheportofdestination.TradeTerms--exerciseinternationaltradeterms3316.Thebuyerhasmoreresponsibilities,costsandriskswhenusingFOBthanusingCIF.17.UnderFCAterm,thesellerhasnoobligationtocontractforcarriage.18.UnderEX-Workstermtheexporterbearstheleastrisksinvolvedintheshipmentorcargoesexported.19.UnderCFR,thesellermustpaytheusualfreightrateandanyadditionalcoststhatariseenroute.TradeTerms--exerciseinternationaltradeterms341.HowmanytradetermsareincludedinINCOTERMS2000?()A.10B.12C.13D.152.WhatisthemajordifferencebetweentheEgroupandFgroupterms?()A.UndertheEgroupterm,thesellerdeliverthegoodsintheexportingcountry;UndertheFgroupterm,thesellerneedtodeliverthegoodsintheimportingcountry.B.Egrouptermcanbeusedinanymodeoftransport;Fgrouptermscanonlybeusedinseaandinlandwaterwaytransport.C.UndertheEgroupterm,thesellerisnotresponsibleforclearingthegoodsforexport;UndertheFgroupterms,itistheseller’sresponsibilitytoclearthegoodsforexport.D.UndertheEgroupterm,theseller’spremiseistherisktransferringpoint;UndertheFgroupterms,itistheship’srailattheportofshipment.TradeTerms--exerciseinternationaltradeterms353.Accordingto“INCOTERMS2000”,whichofthefollowingtermbelongsto“MainCarriageUnpaid”?()A.FCAB.CPTC.EXWD.DDP4.Accordingto“INCOTERMS2000”,under(),thebuyerpaythefreightfromtheplaceofdeliverytotheplaceofdestination.A.CFRB.CIFC.CIPD.FAS5.Accordingto“INCOTERMS2000”,under(),thesellermustpaythefreight,butdoesn’tbeartheriskoflossofordamagetothegoodsafterthetimeofdelivery.A.EgrouptermB.FgrouptermsC.CgrouptermD.Dgroupterms.TradeTerms--exerciseinternationaltradeterms366.Eachcountryhastoearn______topayforimports.A.moneyB.foreignexchangeC.cashD.currency7.Thetradetermsdefinetheresponsibilitiesandexpensesof____.A.boththesellerandthebuyerB.boththeconsigneeandtheconsignorC.boththeshipperandcarrierD.boththeexporterandtheoperator8.Under______,thesellerminimizeshisobligationswhilethebuyerobtainsthegoodsatthelowestpossibleprice.A.FOBB.DDPC.DESD.EXW9.Whenthesellerpaysforthegoodstobeplacedalongsidethevesselatthenamedportofshipment,thetermis__________.A.DEQB.FASC.FOBD.EXWTradeTerms--exerciseinternationaltradeterms375.Whenthesellerpaysforthegoodstobeloadedonboardtheship,butdoesnotpaythefreightorinsurance,therighttermis_______.A.FOBB.FCAC.CFRD.CIF6.Whentheselleronlypaysfreightforthegoodsuptoarrivalattheportofdestination,thetermis_________.A.FOBB.CFRC.DDUD.CIF7.Whenthesellerpaysforthecostoftransportandthecostofinsurancetoadestination,andheincludestheseexpensesinhissalesprice,thetermis___________.A.DDUB.CIPC.CPTD.CFR8.________maybeusedforvariousmodesoftransport.A.FCA+CPT+CIPB.FCA+FOB+EXWC.FCA+FAS+CIFD.FCA+CFR+CPTTradeTerms--exerciseinternationaltradeterms389.________canonlybeusedforwaterwaytransport.A.CIF+CIP+DEQB.CFR+CPT+CIPC.FOB+CPT+CIFD.CIF+FOB+DEQ10.Under____tradeterms,theriskistransferredfromthesellertothebuyerwhengoodspassovertheship’srail.A.FCA+FOB+FASB.FOB+CFR+CIFC.FAS+FCA+CIFD.FAS+CFR+FOB11.Thebuyerhastheminimumobligationunder_____.A.DDUB.DDPC.DAFD.DEQ12.Totalcostofexportingincludes____________.A.productioncostB.salespriceC.productioncostandallchargebeforeexpo