高三英语语法 代词 新课标 人教

MathQuestionsIfhegivesmeacookie,Iwillhavetwiceasmanyashe.IfIgivehimacookie,wewillhavethesamenumberofcookies.HowmanycookiesdoIhave?Howmanycookiesdoeshehave?.代词.代 词 概 说代词的分类（P82）代词VS.限定词（P83）.Keyto1-171–5 BABAB6–10 ABBAC11–15 CDDAA16–17 AD.人称代词和物主代词（书本）人称代词的形式（P84）物主代词的形式（P87）人称代词：主格VS.宾格物主代词：形容词型VS.名词型人称代词的泛指：we,you,they特殊的人称代词：she,it.人称代词用法补充人称代词作同位语（pron.＋n.）两个以上的人称代词并用时：单数：按2、3、1人称排列复数：按1、2、3人称排列表示不祥之事、承认错误或自我批评时，说话人一般把自己放在他人之前人称代词在数、格上的前后一致.ItisIthat/wholoveyou.Itismethat/whomheloves.Itiswrongtotellalie.Itisnousecryingoverthespiltmilk.Itisuncertainwhowillcome.Shefounditdifficulttoconvincehim.Itookitforgrantedthatheknewme.it.人称代词it的用法补充强调句型中的it作形式主语的itIt+v.+其他+作形式宾语的it主语+ +it+其他+tododoing从句take,findmake,believethink,considertodothat.Usepronounsclearly!TomwrotetoJoewhilehewasonvacation.WhileTomwasonvacation,hewrotetoJoe.WhileJoewasonvacation,Tomwrotetohim.Helikesyoubetterthanme.HelikesyoubetterthanI.Helikesyoubetterthan(helikes)me.HelikesyoubetterthanI(likeyou).HishouseislargerthanI..反身代词和相互代词反身代词的形式：P89相互代词：eachother,oneanother.反身代词的用法主语与宾语为同一人时，宾语须用反身代词Don’toverworkyourself.

Theyoughttobeashamedofthemselves.加强语气、表示强调Imyselfusedtomakethesamemistake.You’dbettergothereyourselves.含有反身代词的惯用语（PP90-91）Ihaven’tbeenmyselfforweeks.NowI’mquitemyself..含有反身代词的惯用语补充Makeyourselfathome,please.Thedooropenedofitself.（自动，自行）PoorJanehasbeenalmostbesideherselfwithtoothache.（……得要命、发狂）ShepridesherselfonknowingFrench.（=beproudof=takepridein）Hebusiedhimself(in)tidyinguphisdesk.Heoftenabsentshimselffromclasses.dressoneselfin,devoteoneselfto,applyoneselfto,cometooneself.....指 示 代 词指示代词的形式：第一类（课本P92）：this,that,these,those第二类（其他指示代词）：so,such,thesame第一类指示代词的基本用法：PP93-94.第一类指示代词的其他用法（PP94-95）that与those可用以代替前面所提过的名词，以避免重复（但this和these不可以）；that和those后面一般必须有后置修饰语，但不可有前置修饰语。可数名词单数或不可数名词：that可数名词复数 ：thosethat用于某些成语中（P95）.第一类指示代词的其他用法this与that可用以代替前面所提过的句子或从句，以避免重复Ididnotgo.This/Thatmadehimveryangry.但指下文要叙述的事情时只能用this，不能用that...andthat+修饰语（adv.）：“…，而且…”Callhim,andthatatonce.Hemakesmistakes,andthatveryoften..第一类指示代词的其他用法this=thelatter,that=theformerHealthisabovewealth;thiscannotgivesomuchhappinessasthat. (this=wealth;that=health)thosewho=peoplewhoGodhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves..第二类指示代词的用法-Itlookslikerain. -Ihopeso.Imayhaveoffended,butsuchwasnotmyintention.Hisparentsbelievedthathewasacleverboy,buthewasn’tsuchinfact.Thesamemightbesaidofthisproblem.在think,believe,suppose,guess,hope后的so，指代前面提过的that从句(Idon’tthinkso./Ihopenot.)指示代词such指代前面提过的短语或从句指示代词thesame指代与前面提过的同样的事物.疑问代词和连接代词主格所有格宾格（人）谁whowhosewhom人、物（什么）what——what人、物（哪一个）which——which格用法.疑问代词和连接代词的用法（PP96－101）Doyouknowwherehelives?Ireallydon’tknowwhattodo.Whatdoyousupposehewillgiveyou?Whodoyouthinkcametoseeme?连接代词用于从句中，注意词的顺序疑问词＋不定式doyousay(think,believe,imagine,guess,suppose...).关 系 代 词

格主格所有格宾格人whowhosewhom事物whichwhose(ofwhich)which人＋物that——that先行词.限定性VS.非限定性(P104)HehastwosonswholiveinBeijing.Hehastwosons,wholiveinBeijing.他有两个住在北京的儿子。(Hemayhavemorethantwosons.)他有两个儿子，都住在北京。(Hehasonlytwosons.).thatvs.whichthat不能用于非限定性定语从句which用于非限定性定语从句中可代表句中的一部分，甚至全部（对比：as）限定性从句中，多用that，有些情况只能用that先行词前有序数词或最高级修饰时先行词前有theonly,thevery,thesame,all等词修饰时先行词是由no,any,every等词组成的复合词时以疑问词who,which,what开头的疑问句，为避免重复限定性从句中，紧跟介词时只能用which(P104).不 定 代 词两类不定代词的形式（P107）合成不定代词的用法（PP107-109）.合成不定代词用法补充something,anything,nothing,everythingsomething和anything的区别与some和any的区别一样；修饰这几个词的adj.应后置somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody这些词都看作单数，后面跟单数名词；指代它们的代词常用he,he/she,they(口语)Ifanybodyislistening,Ihopehewillsayso.Nobodycame,didn’tthey?每个人都应在饭前洗手。.someone,anyone,noone,everyone上述词只能指人，而分写的someone,anyone,everyone既可指人，也可指物合写VS.分写somebody,someone,anybody,anyone,nobody,noone,everybody,everyone之后不可接of短语，如果要接，必须将其分写everyone everyoneofusIsthereanyoneofyourfriendsthere?.合成不定代词的习惯用语somethingof若干、多少、有些anythingbut并不，根本不nothingbut只不过，只有somethinglike有点像orsomething类似makesomebodyofanamefor...使成名Mr.Smithisanengineerorsomething.Sheisnothingbutadancer.Hewasanythingbutpleasedwhenheheardthis..兼作代词和限定词的词some,any,no (PP109–111)many,much,few,little(PP112–114)all,each,none (PP115–117)both,either,neither (PP117–119)other,another (PP119–120)one,several (PP121–122).everyVS.eachevery用于三个（以上）“每一个”；each用于两个（以上）“每一个”eachhandVS.everyfingerevery强调整体，each强调个体。Everystudentinourschoolworkshard.Eachstudentmayhaveonebook.every在句中只作定语，each可充当定语、主语、宾语和同位语。Every/Eachroomiscleanandtidy.Eachwenthisway.Theteacherhadatalkwitheachofthem.Theyeachgavehimsomeadvice..当前面有nearly或almost修饰时，多用everyNearlyeverystudentworkshard.every可以用于下列词组中，each则不能everyotherdayeverythreeweeks否定词not不与each连用，但可以与every连用，表示部分否定Noteverystudentgoestoschoolbybus..all/both;either/any;neither/none含义二者三者（以上）全部bothall全无neithernone任一eitherany.allVS.bothall既可指复数，也可指单数，指人时一般都用复数，指事或整个事物时用单数。both则只能指复数。Both/Allarepresent.AllIknowisthathejustcamebackfromAmerica.all和both与否定词连用，都表示部分否定AllofthebooksarenotEnglishbooks.Bothofusarenotteachers..otherVS.another功能含义单数复数作主语、宾语、定语作定语作主语、宾语特指theothertheother(boys)theothers泛指anotherother(boys)others.TheSmithshavetwobicycles.OnebelongstoMr.Smith._______bikebelongstoMrs.Smith.Mr.Smith’sbicyclewasrunoverbyatruckanddestroyed.Heneedstoget______one.Therearethreebooksonmydesk.Twoofthemaredictionaries._____oneisatelephonedirectory.Thepuppychewedupmytelephonedirectory,soIwenttothetelephonecompanytoget_____phonebook.TherearethreecolorsintheU.S.flag.Oneofthecolorsisred._____arewhiteandblue..Manypeopleliketogetupveryearlyinthemorning._____liketosleepuntilnoon.Therearefourseasons.Springandsummeraretwo.____arefallandwinter.Jackhastwosuits.Oneisblue,and____isgray.Jackhasonlytwosuits,ablueoneandagrayone.Hiswifewantshimtobuy___one.Ifyoureallyhateyourjob,whydon’tyoulookfor___one?Youdon’thavetobeadishwasherallyourlife.Therearelotsof____jobsintheworld..another的习惯用法oneafteranother 一个接一个地onesort/wayoranother 某种类型、某种方式onething...another 一回事……另一回事.nooneVS.nonenoone只能指人，none可用于指人或物。noone＝nobody，语气比none强，后面不接of构成的短语；none通常与of连用作主语noone作主语时，谓语动词用单数；none后接不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词单复数均可。Noonewasintheclassroom.Noneofthemoneyonthedeskismine.

Noneofusspeaks/speakJapanese..用于简短回答时，none用来回答howmany或howmuch问句；noone或nobody用来回答who问句；而nothing则用来回答what问句；–Howmanyfishdidyoucatch? –None.–Howmuchwateristhereinthebottle?–None.–Whowillgototheparty? –Noone./Nobody.–What’sinyourhand? –Nothing..one的用法不定代词one可用来泛指“人们”、“任何人”，所有格形式为one’s(英)或his(美)；Onecan’tmakeanomeletwithoutbreakingeggs.有所得必有所失。Oneshouldtakecareofone’s/hishealth..one可用来代替上文出现过的同种类单数可数名词；其复数形式为ones，可用来代替上文出现过的同种类复数可数名词；Agoodwriterisonewhocanexpressthecommonplaceinanuncommonway.Idon’tknowwhethersmallorangesaresweeterthanbigones..one,theone,thatthat只能代替事物，不能代替人；one既可代替人也可代替事物。one代替前面出现的名词表示不确指；that,theone代替前面出现的名词，指代谈话双方都知道的事物，即“特指”。that不能有前置修饰语，但须有后置修饰语；one一般可有前置修饰语，也可有后置修饰语。.one,theone都只能指代前面出现的单数可数名词，复数可数名词则用ones,theones；that既可指代单数可数名词，也可指代不可数名词。that代替前面提到的事物，必须是这一名词在第二次出现时有后置修饰语；如果前面提到的是复数名词，则用those来代替。.I’mlookingforahouse.I’dreallylikeonewithagarden.(指代不确定的单数可数名词)Thesweaterhewearstodayisdifferentfromthat/theoneheworeyesterday.(当指代的是谈话双方都确知的事物，而且该名词是有后置修饰语的单数可数名词时，that=theone)Mary’shandwritingisfarbetterthanthatofPeter.(指代不可数名词)Thebikestheymadethisyeararebetterthanthose/theonestheymadelastyear.(当指代的是谈话双方都确知的事物，而且该名词是有后置修饰语的复数可数名词时，those=theones)..9、静夜四无邻，荒居旧业贫。。2023/1/112023/1/11Wednesday,January11,202310、雨中黄叶树，灯下白头人。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/111/11/20239:52:14AM11、以我独沈久，愧君相见频。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/11Jan-2311-Jan-2312、故人江海别，几度隔山川。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/11Wednesday,January11,202313、乍见翻疑梦，相悲各问年。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/112023/1/111/11/202314、他乡生白发，旧国见青山。。11一月20232023/1/112023/1/112023/1/1115、比不了得就不比，得不到的就不要。。。一月232023/1/112023/1/112023/1/111/11/202316、行动出成果，工作出财富。。2023/1/112023/1/1111January202317、做前，能够环视四周；做时，你只能或者最好沿着以脚为起点的射线向前。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/112023/1/119、没有失败，只有暂时停止成功！。2023/1/112023/1/11Wednesday,January11,202310、很多事情努力了未必有结果，但是不努力却什么改变也没有。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/111/11/20239:52:14AM11、成功就是日复一日那一点点小小努力的积累。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/11Jan-2311-Jan-2312、世间成事，不求其绝对圆满，留一份不足，可得无限完美。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/11Wednesday,January11,202313、不知香积寺，数里入云峰。。2023/1/112023/1/112023/1/1120