高中英语完形填空方法与技巧讲解

Welcometoourclass!

Leading-inGuessthemissingwordsinthesongI’ma

NewSoul.BrainstormingI’maNewSoulI’ma_______soulIcametothisstrangeworldhopingIcouldlearnabitabouthowtogiveand_________.ButsinceIcameherefeltthejoyandthe_________findingmyselfmakingeverypossible___________la-la-la-la-la-la-la-la...

I’ma________soulinthisverystrangeworldhopingIcouldlearnabitaboutwhatistrueand________.Butwhyallthishatetrytocommunicatefindingtrustandloveisnotalwayseasytomake.la-la-la-la-la-la-la-la...___New_____________________newtakefearmistakeyoungfake

Clozetest

Methods&Skills命题特点1．完形填空主要是在语篇语境中考查

知识。2．完形填空的体裁多以

为主，偶有议论文、夹叙夹议的文章或说明文。3．要求选择填空的词常为实词（如名词、动词、

形容词、副词等）着重词义辨析能力的考查；代词、冠词、介词、连词（包括从句的连接词）考得较少。4.首句不设空。5.逻辑链上挖空（原文中有线索词提示）。6.选项设计：同一词类、同一语法形式。

记叙文词汇跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意再读全文，反复检查结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案瞻前顾后，先易后难，各个击破

完形填空的解题步骤三种主要解题技巧：

词汇运用推理判断紧抓主旨利用所学词汇，根据文章大意辨析词义，选出最佳选项，如：

Thepresidentspokeatthebusinessmeetingfornearlyanhourwithout_____hisnotes.A.bringupB.referringtoC.lookingforD.tryingon【思路点拨】B。此题考查短语动词的区别，这四个短语的基本意义为：bringup“养育，提出，吐出”，referto“论及，谈到，参考”，lookfor“寻找”，tryon“试穿”，根据题义：“经理在商务会议上讲了一个小时没看讲稿”。应选B。一、词汇运用二、推理判断我们可以从以下几方面进行推理判断：1、运用“前置信息”与“后置信息”,即语境2、运用复现词语3、运用同义词或近义词4、运用反义词

5、运用上下义词6、运用逻辑关系7、运用生活常识及文化背景知识

充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。例如：

Stevenson,aScotsman,hadlived____

formanyyears.In1881hereturnedtoScotlandforaholiday.

A.aloneB.nextdoorC.athomeD.abroad

1、运用“前置信息”与“后置信息”2、利用复现词语

有时为了表达的需求，在上下文中有同一概念出现，可以借助这一信息选择正确答案。

AllofasuddenIstartedtofeelrather_1__.ShewonderedwhyIwaslookingforthissortof_2_.Ifeltevenmorehopelesswhenshetold

methatitwouldbedifficulttogetajobwithoutexperience.1.A.encouragedB.dissatisfiedC.hopelessD.pleased2.A.placeB.jobC.adviceD.help

在英语中有时为了避免重复，常用意思相同或相近的词或解释性的语言来连接上下文。

IrememberasachildIsaidsomething

_______aboutsomebody,andmyfathersaid,“Anytimeyousaysomethingunpleasantaboutsomebodyelse,it’sareflectionofyou.”A.unkindB.unnecessaryC.unimportantD.unusual【思路点拨】

A。近义词复现，从后暗示unpleasant得知答案。3、利用同义词或近义词

语意的连贯有时通过对比的结构采用反义复现的手段，或者是以反义的方式对前文加以解释。应注意分析这类概念复现，从反义的角度判断正确的选项。

Somepartsofthewaterareveryshallow(浅的).But

insomeplacesitisvery＿＿.A.highB.deepC.coldD.dangerous4、利用反义词5、利用上下义词上义词是总称词，下义词是被包含的个体。它们是包含与被包含的关系。如：food是bread,noodle,milk,rice的上义词，反之bread,noodle,milk,rice是food的下义词。

1.

Hetaughtherhowtorelyonherother____,specificallyherhearing…（NMET2010湖北卷）

A.feelingB.organs

C.skillsD.senses2.I…droppedallthecoinsinto…“Itprovedtobeawasteof_______,”Ithought…

A.wordsB.effortC.spaceD.money

如表示结构层次的firstly,secondly,finally等；如表示并列关系的and,or,besides,aswell(as)等；表示因果关系的thus,therefore,so等，表示改变话题的bytheway；表示递进关系的besides,what’smore,further等，表示转折关系的however,but,while,ontheotherhand等等。

做题时如果能充分利用这些过渡词汇，就可以迅速理清文章脉络，弄清上下文的关系。

6、利用逻辑关系【小试闯关】1.WearrivedinSpainforthefirsttimeafewweeksago.IdecidedtobuyacarbecausewehadsoldtheonewehadinEnglandbefore____home.

A.leavingB.makingC.returningD.getting【思路点拨】此题考查行文逻辑中的因果关系、时间先后顺序。从第一句的arrived可知题2选A（leaving）。2.Shewassmallinfigurebutstrong

in

____.A.brainB.wishC.willD.health根据连词确定选项。7、运用生活常识及文化背景知识

了解生活常识，确定相关知识

1.Itwasanearlymorninginsummer.Inthestreets,sleepy-eyedpeopleweremovingquickly,headingtowardstheir____.ThiswasthebeginningofanotherordinarydayinNewYorkCity.

A.jobs

B.homesC.busesD.offices

2.(Immediately)theofficersjumpedintotheircarsandrushedtothe___hospital.

A.animal

B.biggest

C.plant

D.nearest

三、紧抓主旨作者往往通过首句或首段揭示文章的主旨大意，体现文章的题材、体裁。在做完形填空时，我们要理清文章思路，把握作者的态度或思想情感，这对做好一篇完形有着非常重要的作用，否则可能导致几个空格的连续选填失误。Bedtimestoriesareoneofthedelightsofearlychildhood.AccordingtoDr.JulieSpreadburyfromQueenslandUniversity,Parentsshouldnot__1___readingtotheirchildrenaftertheyenterprimaryschool.A.speed

up

B.keep

up

C.give

up

D.hold

up

解题误区

做完形填空时，除了依据所学语言知识和解题技巧外，还应避免几个误区。1、单纯求快，忽略语篇理解，只看局部的词义辨析、搭配和语法结构，试图用语言知识解决所有问题。2、时间安排不当，做完形填空的时间应控制在15分钟左右。正确的做法是由易到难。Task:Usethemethodsyouhavelearnedtoanalyseyourhomework.Ithasbeenarguedbysomethatgiftedchildrenshouldbegroupedinspecialclasses.The1hasbeenonthebeliefthatinregularclassesthesechildrenareheldbackintheirintellectual(智力的)growthby2situationthataredesignedforthe3children.Therecanbelittledoubtthat4classescanhelpthegiftedchildrentograduateearlierandtaketheirplaceinlifesooner.However,totakethese5outoftheregularclassesmaycreateseriousproblems.1.A.principleB.theory C.argumentsD.classification2.A.designingB.groupingC.learningD.living3.A.smart B.curious C.mature D.average4.A.regular

B.specialC.smallD.creative5.A.childrenB.programsC.graduatesD.designs

Practicemakesperfect!

NMET2011GuangdongClozeTestarguedchildrenclassesintellectual____children_____________theseHowevergifted同词（同源词）暗示同一话题暗示同一话题（场景）暗示反义暗示反义暗示因果暗示______________________________________________________________________However,totakethese5outoftheregularclassesmaycreateseriousproblems.Iobservedanumberof6childrenwhoweretakenoutofaspecialclassandplacedina7class.Inthespecialclass,theyshowedlittleabilitytousetheirownjudgment,relying8ontheirteachers’directions.Intheregularclass,havingnoworryaboutkeepingup,theybegantoreflect9onmanyproblems,someofwhichwerenotontheschoolprogram.

5.A.childrenB.programsC.graduatesD.designs6.A.intelligent B.competentC.ordinary D.independent7.A.separateB.regularC.newD.boring8.A.speciallyB.slightlyC.wronglyD.heavily9.A.directlyB.cleverlyC.voluntarilyD.quickly

_________________________________反义暗示与gifted近义暗示giftedchildren_________________________________因果暗示反义暗示因果暗示

Manyareconcernedthatgiftedchildrenbecome10andloseinterestinlearning.Howeverthis11ismoreoftenfromparentsandteachersthanfromstudents,andsomeofthese12simplyconcludethatspecialclassesshouldbesetupforthosewhoare13.Sometopstudentsdofeelboredinclass,butwhythey14sogoesfarbeyondtheworktheyhaveinschool.Studieshaveshownthattobeboredistobeanxious.Thegiftedchildwhoisboredisan15child.