2021-2022学年福建省福州市六校联考高一下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

2021-2022学年第二学期高一年段期末六校联考英语试卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whowenttothecinemayesterdayafternoon?A.Tom.B.Peter.C.Jerry.2.Whatisthewomanhappywith?A.Ajoboffer.B.Anewhouse.C.AnIBMcomputer.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Whatfoodtobuyforthisweek.B.Whoseturntodotheshopping.C.Wheretobuysomebread.4.Whatdoesthewomanimplyabouttheman?A.Heisalwayslateforclass.B.Heworkshardeveryminute.C.Heshouldpreparefortheexamearly.5.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inataxi.B.Inanoffice.C.Athome.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Whatwastheman’smotherunhappywith?A.Theoldpictures.B.Thee-invitations.C.TheticketstoTexas.7.Whatdoesthewomanremindthemantodo?A.Booktheplanetickets.B.Checkthebooking.C.Savesomemoney.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。8.WhatisTomdoingnow?A.Doinghishomework.B.Preparingforanexam.C.Readinganewspaper.9.Whowenttoaparty?A.Ella.B.Tom.C.Jimmy.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。10.Whatdidthemandolastnight?A.Hehadhisphonefixed.B.Heworkedinacompany.C.Hewentoutfordinner.11.Whydidthewomancalltheman?A.Toplaycomputergameswithhim.B.Totellhimthehomework.C.Toaskhimforhelp.12.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.ContactJane.B.AskHenryforadvice.C.Calltheman’sassistant.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13.Whereisthenewbranchoffice?A.InSpain.B.InFrance.C.InGermany.14.WhatdoweknowaboutMr.Smith?A.Hedoesn’thavekids.B.Heisgoodatlanguages.C.Hehasmuchexperience.15.WhendidJeffcometothecompany?A.Fiveyearsago.B.Threeyearsago.C.Oneyearago.16.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodothisafternoon?A.GiveJeffacall.B.HaveachatwithBetty.C.JointhetalkwithJeff.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。17.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Alibrary.B.Anonlineservice.C.Aneworganization.18.Whatcan’tpeopledoonthewebsite?A.Buybooks.B.Readbooksforfree.C.Puttheirbooksonit.19.Howcanmembersgetinformationaboutthebooks?A.Bysendingane-mail.B.Bymakingaphonecall.C.Bycheckinganonlinelist.20.Whatcolorstandsforbooksputinthelast3days?A.Red.B.Yellow.C.Blue.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFirstlaunchedin2010byChina’se-commercegiantJingdong,the618shoppingeventhasdevelopedintoamajormid-yearshoppingeventthathasdrivenonlineconsumerspendingoverthedecade.However,consumersarebecomingmorecautiousduringapandemic-hiteconomicdownturnandgrowingtiredofmorefrequentshoppingeventsstimulationoverthepastdecade.TheeventwasoriginallycreatedasacompetitionfortheAlibaba-backedSingles’DayshoppingeventonNovember11.AndsimilartoSingles’Day,the618shoppingfestivalhasgrownoutofitsfoundingplatformandbecomeapromotionaleventacrossallmajorChinesee-commerceplatforms.Theeventisalsoconsideredabarometer(指标)forconsumerspendingcapacityandnewshoppingtrendsinChina.Forthosewhoaretakingacloselookatthecountry’ssecond-largestshoppingcarnival,thisyear’seditionof618mightseemlike2020’salloveragain,yetifanythingthesituationisevenmoreserious.Inbothyears,Chinawasjustcomingoutoflockdownswhichhadtakenatollonthecountry’seconomyandledtonegativeconsumerconsumptionconcept.Butthetimingisdifferent.In2020,Covid-19brokeoutinJanuaryandmostpandemic-relatedlockdownswereremovedinearlyApril.Bythetime618arrivedinJune,thestatehadalreadysteppedintoboostconsumptionbylaunchingaseriesofdigitalsubsidyprogramsoverAprilandMay.Ontopofthat,thetwo-monthgapallowedmoretimeformanufacturingandlogistics(物流)companiestorecoverfromthelockdownsaheadoftheshoppingfestival.Thisyear,however,there’slesstimeforthemarket—eitherconsumerconsumptionconcept,merchants(商人),orlogisticscompanies—toreactsincethemonths-longlockdownstocontrolnewCovid-19outbreaksincitieslikeBeijingandShanghaionlyendedonJune1,justasmanyretailerswerepreparingforthe618shoppingfestivalwithpre-promotionandearlydeals.Moreover,recenttrendsmakeitobviousthatChineseconsumerswillbeevenmorecautiousin2022thantheywerenearthestartofthepandemic.1.WhatwasthereasonforJDtoestablishthe618shoppingevents?A.Toattractcustomerstoshopinmalls.B.TocelebrateJingdong’sestablishment.C.TocompetewithAlibabaforcustomers.D.Tocreateopportunitiesforsingleperson.2.Whyisthe618shoppingeventseenasanassessmentofspendingpower?A.Becauseofitsleadershipinfashion.B.ItisChina’ssecond-largestshoppingfestival.C.BecauseofJDcompany’spopularity.D.ItisorganizedbyChina’slargestonlineplatform.3.Whatdifficultydothe618shoppingeventsin2020and2022bothface?A.Theabsentlogisticsassistance.B.Thesametoughtimingforselling.C.Thepandemic-hiteconomicdecline.D.Thesalesrestrictionssetbygovernment.4.Whymaythe618shoppingeventin2022beevenworse?A.LockdownsjustendedinearlyApril.B.Thereislesstimeforthemarkettorespond.C.Covid-19outbreaksaremoreseriousincities.D.Chinesecustomersaremorelackinginmoney5.Whatdoestheunderlineword“lockdowns”inthelastparagraphmean?A.measurestoclosecities B.limitedactivities C.lockstothedoor D.downtowns【答案】1.C2.B3.C4.B5.A【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了中国618购物节的历史来源，以及对比了2020年和2022年在疫情结束之后的状况下两个618机遇的不同。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“TheeventwasoriginallycreatedasacompetitionfortheAlibaba-backedSingles’Dayshoppingevent(onNovember11(该活动最初是作为阿里巴巴支持的双十一购物节的竞争而创建的。)”可知618购物节最初是想要和阿里巴巴公司支持的双十一购物节进行竞争而设立的。故选C项。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“the618shoppingfestivalhasgrownoutofitsfoundingplatformandbecomeapromotionaleventacrossallmajorChinesee-commerceplatforms.(618购物节已经从最初的平台发展壮大，成为中国所有主要电子商务平台的促销活动。)”以及“Forthosewhoaretakingacloselookatthecountry’ssecond-largestshoppingcarnival,thisyear’seditionof618mightseemlike2020’salloveragain,yetifanythingthesituationisevenmoreserious.(对于那些密切关注这个国家第二大购物狂欢节的人来说，今年的618可能看起来像是2020年的重演，但情况甚至更严重。)”可推断618购物节被看成是评判中国消费者消费力的指标的原因是因为它是中国第二大购物节，其影响力渗透到所有电商平台。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Inbothyears,Chinawasjustcomingoutoflockdownswhichhadtakenatollonthecountry’seconomyandledtonegativeconsumerconsumptionconcept.(这两年，中国都刚刚摆脱封锁，封锁对中国经济造成了损害，并导致了负面的消费观念。)”可知，2020和2022这两年618购物节前，中国都刚刚走出封锁，疫情封锁对中国经济造成了影响。故选C项。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据最后两段的陈述尤其是最后一段“Thisyear,however,there’slesstimeforthemarket-eitherconsumerconsumptionconcept,merchants(商人),orlogisticscompanies-toreactsincethemonths-longlockdownstocontrolnewCovid-19outbreaksincitieslikeBeijingandShanghaionlyendedonJune1,justasmanyretailerswerepreparingforthe618shoppingfestivalwithpre-promotionandearlydeals.Moreover,recenttrendsmakeitobviousthatChineseconsumerswillbeevenmorecautiousin2022thantheywerenearthestartofthepandemic.(然而，今年市场——无论是消费者消费观念、商家还是物流公司——的反应时间都更少了，因为北京和上海等城市为控制新冠肺炎疫情而实施的长达数月的封锁直到6月1日才结束，而许多零售商正在为618购物节做准备，进行提前促销和提前交易。此外，最近的趋势明显表明2022年中国消费者将比疫情刚开始时更加谨慎。)”可知，因为封锁6月1日才结束，所以2022年618购物节前留给市场从封锁中缓过来和反应的时间变少了，而这一定会影响消费，所以2022年618购物节的情况会更糟。故选B项。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段“Thisyear,however,there’slesstimeforthemarket—eitherconsumerconsumptionconcept,merchants(商人),orlogisticscompanies—toreact(然而，今年市场——无论是消费者消费观念、商家还是物流公司——的反应时间都更少了)以及“Covid-19outbreaksincitieslikeBeijingandShanghaionlyendedonJune1,(北京、上海等城市的新冠肺炎疫情直到6月1日才结束。)”可知北京、上海等这些城市的疫情直到六月一号才结束，所以可以推测因为防疫的需要，这些城市一定实施了数月的封城措施，所以划线词lockdown的意思与A项measurestoclosecities的意思相近。故选A项。BManypeoplequotethephrasefromJaneJacobsthat“theremustbeeyesonthestreet”toemphasizetherelationshipbetweenurbansafetyanddesign.Jacobs’viewsonurbansafetywere,intruth,farmorecomplexthanthisphrasesuggests.HerbookTheDeathandLifeofGreatAmericanCitieshasbecomethebasisofaworldwidemovementtofostersafercities.Jacobsmadeanimportantcontributiontoourunderstandingofcitiesbylinkingthefearofcrimeandurbandesign.Inasuccessfulcitydistrictapersonmustfeelpersonallysafeonthestreetamongallthesestrangers.Itdoesn’ttakemanyincidentsofviolenceonacitystreettomakepeoplefearthestreet.Andastheyfearit,theyuseitless,whichmakesthestreetstillmoreunsafe.Jacobswidenedherattentiontourbansafetyingeneral,includingparksandpublichousingprojects.Whilemostplannersfocusonthegreenbenefitsofparks,shearguedagainstunderusedordangerousparks.Sheobservedthatparksaresuccessfulwhentheyencouragearangeofactivitiesandusers.Sheemphasizeddesignandmanagementpoliciestoencourageinteractionatpublichousingsites.Shesuggestedcombiningpublichousingcommunitieswithexistingstreetpatternsandholdingstreetactivitiesbyincludingbusinessesinthebuildings.Sheopposedfencingandsecurityguards,creatingasenseofterritoryandisolatingpublichousingresidentsfromthewidercommunity.Jacobswroteaboutherexperienceofdailylifeinthecityandurgedplannerstopayattentiontohowordinarypeopleactuallyuseurbanspace.Fromherexperienceasawife,mother,andresidentinNewYork,shearrivedatamorehumanvisionofthecitythantheexpertsofthedaydid.Herconcernabouturbansafetywasvisionary(有远见的),andhermanneroflookingatthecitystilloffersacriticalviewpointforevaluatingcrimepreventionandcommunitysafetystrategiestoday.6.Whatpurposedoesparagraph1serve?A.Tomakethephrasebetterknown.B.Toattractreaders’attentiontothephrase.C.TointroducemoreJacobs’complexviews.D.ToprovethepopularityofJaneJacobs’book.7.AccordingtoJacobs,whatisaproperwaytofosterasuccessfulcity?A.Warningpeopleofviolenceinthestreets.B.Encouragingdifferentactivitiesinparks.C.Employingsecurityguardsinthebuildings.D.Introducingsafetypoliciesatpublichousingsites.8.WhatdoesJacobssayabouturbandesign?A.Gooddesignandmanagementcanincreaseinteraction.B.Thegovernmentshouldbuildmoreparks.C.Crimesmakethecityinsecureforpeopletolivein.D.Citiesshouldimprovepublicservices.9Whatcanweknowfromthetext?A.Creatingasenseofterritoryisnecessary.B.It’sdangeroustowalkonthestreetalone.C.Peopleinthecityfeelmoredisconnectednow.D.VariousrolesinlifemakeJacobhaveuniqueviews10.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Jacobs’viewsonurbansafetyanddesignB.Jacobs’Book“TheDevelopmentofGreatcities”C.Jacobs’experienceofdailylifeinthecityD.Jacobs’designandmanagementpolicies【答案】6.C7.B8.A9.D10.A【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了简·雅各布斯在书中《美国大城市的死与生》的一些关于城市规划和管理政策对居民安全感的影响观点。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“Jacobs’viewsonurbansafetywere,intruth,farmorecomplexthanthisphrasesuggests.（事实上，雅各布斯对城市安全的看法远比这句话所暗示的要复杂得多。）”可知，第一段的目的是介绍更多雅各布斯的复杂观点。故选C。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Inasuccessfulcitydistrictapersonmustfeelpersonallysafeonthestreetamongallthesestrangers.（在一个成功的城市地区，一个人必须在所有这些陌生人中感到自己在街上的安全。）”以及第三段最后两句“Whilemostplannersfocusonthegreenbenefitsofparks,shearguedagainstunderusedordangerousparks.Sheobservedthatparksaresuccessfulwhentheyencouragearangeofactivitiesandusers.（尽管大多数规划者关注公园的绿色效益，但她反对未充分利用或危险的公园。她观察到，当公园鼓励一系列活动和用户时，公园是成功的。）”可知，对于雅各布斯而言，打造一个成功的城市其中一个因素就是要提高其安全系数，而在公园里鼓励活动就是其中一项举措，故选B。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Sheemphasizeddesignandmanagementpoliciestoencourageinteractionatpublichousingsites.（她强调了设计和管理政策，以鼓励公共住房场所的互动。）”可知，在雅各布斯看来好的设计和管理可以增加人们的互动，故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段第二、三句“Fromherexperienceasawife,mother,andresidentinNewYork,shearrivedatamorehumanvisionofthecitythantheexpertsofthedaydid.Herconcernabouturbansafetywasvisionary(有远见的),andhermanneroflookingatthecitystilloffersacriticalviewpointforevaluatingcrimepreventionandcommunitysafetystrategiestoday.（从她作为妻子、母亲和纽约居民的经历来看，她对这座城市的看法比当时的专家更加人性化。她对城市安全的担忧很有远见,她看待城市的方式仍然为当今评估犯罪预防和社区安全战略提供了一个重要的视角。）”可知，雅各布斯作为妻子，母亲和纽约居民的经历使得她的看法与众不同，故选D。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章开头“ManypeoplequotethephrasefromJaneJacobsthat“theremustbeeyesonthestreet”toemphasizetherelationshipbetweenurbansafetyanddesign.Jacobs’viewsonurbansafetywere,intruth,farmorecomplexthanthisphrasesuggests.（许多人引用简·雅各布斯的一句话，即“街道上必须有眼睛”，以强调城市安全与设计之间的关系。事实上，雅各布斯对城市安全的看法远比这句话所暗示的要复杂得多。）”可知，作者主要介绍雅各布斯对城市安全的看法。故选A。CPsychologists,theologiansandpreschoolteachersalikehavelongsupportedasimplebutpowerfulidea—givingtoothersisgoodfortheworld,butitalsomakesusfeelgood.Infact,socialpsychologistElizabethDunn’sresearchhasshownthatgivingtocharityhasthesameimpactonhappinessasearningtwiceasmuchincome.Dunnhaslearnedthatnotallgenerosityiscreatedequal.Thelessabstract(抽象)anactofcharityorkindnessis,shesays,thegreateritshappiness-bringingbenefitsareforthegiver.ShecitesanexperienceshehadinherhomecommunityinCanada,wheresheandagroupofneighborsworkedtogethertoresettleaSyrianrefugeefamilyin2019.Thejoy,gratitudeandsatisfactionshefeltdoingthatworkwasdifferentfromanycharitabledonationsshehadgiveninthepast.Herresearchsupportsherownexperience.“Youneedtoimaginehowyourdollarsaregoingtomakeadifference,”shesaid,inreferencetoastudythatshowedpeoplefeelhappierafterdonatingtosupportaspecificaction(purchasingmosquitonetsforamalaria-strickenpartoftheworld)thantheydidafterdonatingtoageneralsocialservicecharity.“Allofusarecapableoffindingjoyingiving,”Dunnsaid,“Butweshouldn’texpectthistohappenautomatically…Itmattershowwedoit.”Sheadded,“Let’sstopthinkingaboutgivingasamoralobligation(义务)andstartthinkingofitasasourceofpleasure.”Thisproposal,thatwere-framegivingandgenerosityasfuelforourhappiness,ispowerful.Ithasthepotentialtodeepenandbroadenthewaysinwhichwepracticegenerosityinourlivesandcommunities.Andthat,inturn,promotesthepositivityandkindnessthatmaketheworldabetterplace,daybyday,momentbymoment.11.AccordingtoDunn,whichofthefollowingistheresultofgivingtocharity?A.Makinggivershappy. B.Increasingpeople’sincome.C.Gettingridofworldpoverty. D.Makingpeoplemorepowerful.12.Whatcanberegardedasalessabstractactofkindness?A.Promisingtohelpthepoor. B.Donatingmoneytocharity.C.Sayingwarmwordstoabeggar. D.Buying3000coatsforthepoor.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph3referto?A.Charity. B.Action. C.Giving. D.Obligation.14.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Givingisonlyamoralobligation.B.Givingtocharitymeansmoreincome.C.Abstractkindnessbringsthegivergreatbenefits.D.Givingandgenerositycontributetomakingabetterworld15.Wheredoesthepassagepossiblycomefrom?A.asciencefiction B.amagazine C.awebsite D.adescript【答案】11.A12.D13.C14.D15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。本文说明给予是幸福的源泉，并指出给予行为越具体，给予者的幸福感就越强。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Infact,socialpsychologistElizabethDunn’sresearchhasshownthatgivingtocharityhasthesameimpactonhappinessasearningtwiceasmuchincome.(事实上，社会心理学家伊丽莎白·邓恩（ElizabethDunn）的研究表明，慈善捐赠对幸福的影响与收入的两倍(对幸福的影响)相同。)”可知，做慈善和赚两倍的收入对幸福感的影响是一样的，所以慈善捐赠会让捐赠者快乐。故选A项。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段内容的陈述以及最后一句“...peoplefeelhappierafterdonatingtosupportaspecificaction(purchasingmosquitonetsforamalaria-strickenpartoftheworld)thantheydidafterdonatingtoageneralsocialservicecharity(人们捐款支持一项特定的行动（为世界上疟疾肆虐的地区购买蚊帐）后，比向一个普通社会服务慈善机构捐款后感到更快乐)”以及结合选项可知，为穷人买3000件外套是具体不太抽象的慈善行为。故选D项。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子“Let’sstopthinkingaboutgivingasamoralobligation(义务)andstartthinkingofitasasourceofpleasure.(让我们停止把给予看作是一种道德义务，而开始把它看作是快乐的源泉。)”可知，我们不要把给予看作是一种道德义务，而要开始把它看作是快乐的源泉，由此可判定it指的是前文的“giving”。故选C项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章内容尤其是最后一段“Thisproposal,thatwere-framegivingandgenerosityasfuelforourhappiness,ispowerful.Ithasthepotentialtodeepenandbroadenthewaysinwhichwepracticegenerosityinourlivesandcommunities.Andthat,inturn,promotesthepositivityandkindnessthatmaketheworldabetterplace,daybyday,momentbymoment.(这一建议，即我们将给予和慷慨重新定义为我们幸福的燃料，是有力的。它有可能加深和拓宽我们在生活和社区中践行慷慨的方式。而这反过来又促进了积极和善良，使世界一天一天、一刻一刻变得更美好。)”以及结合上文可知，文章陈述给予和慷慨有助于形成一个更好的世界。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。由文章第一段“Psychologists,theologiansandpreschoolteachersalikehavelongsupportedasimplebutpowerfulidea—givingtoothersisgoodfortheworld,butitalsomakesusfeelgood.Infact,socialpsychologistElizabethDunn’sresearchhasshownthatgivingtocharityhasthesameimpactonhappinessasearningtwiceasmuchincome.(心理学家、神学家和幼儿教师长期以来都支持一个简单但有力的想法——给予他人有益于世界，但也会让我们感觉良好。事实上，社会心理学家伊丽莎白·邓恩（ElizabethDunn）的研究表明，慈善捐赠对幸福的影响与收入的两倍相同。)”以及后文可知，这是一篇议论文，提到给予是幸福的源泉，并指出给予行为越具体，给予者的幸福感就越强，应属于现实生活中杂志的生活评论栏目。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。JosephConrad,afamousEnglishnovelist,saidthathisgoalasawriterwas“tomakeyouhear,tomakeyoufeel,andaboveall,tomakeyousee.That,andnomore,iseverything.”____16____Oftenitleavesasinglesharpimpressiontobeturnedoverandoverinthemind.Afterfinishingthestory,thereadershouldhavesomethingtothinkabout:thehumoroflife,itsironies,ortheunpredictabilityofhumanbehavior.____17____Thefirstandmostobviouslevelisconveyedthroughtheplot.Plotreferstothesequenceofevents,totheactionsofthecharactersandthesituationsinwhichtheyareinvolved.Toexplaintheplot,then,istotellwhathappenedinthestoryandtowhom.Insomeshortstories,plotisthedominatingelement.Inothershortstories,plotplaysaveryminorrole.InHemingway’sstory,TheOldManandtheSea,however,wemustapproachthecontentonanotherlevel.____18____Tounderstandandappreciatethestory,thereadermustbeabletoidentifyitsgeneraltopicortheme.Thenextstepistoidentifythedevicebywhichtheauthorcommentsonthistheme.____19____Readerscannotappreciateashortstoryfullyunlesstheyreactnotonlytowhathasbeensaidbutalsotohowithasbeensaid.____20____Stylegrowsoutofthewriter’sownpersonalityandcanbeseeninthechoiceofwordsandphrases,thearrangementofsentences,therhythmandtone.Structurereferstothearchitectureofthestory,thewayinwhichthedetailsareselectedandarrangedtoproducethedesiredeffect.A.Theymustlookforstyleandstructure.B.Incomplexstories,carefulreadersmaynotalwaysagreewiththeauthor.C.Theimpactonthereadercomesfromthesuddenandunexpectedresponse.D.Agoodshortstorytriestogivethereaderasenseoftheactualexperience.E.Finally,thereadershouldbeabletoexplaintheinsightswhichtheauthorhasgivenintothetheme.F.Theimpactofthestorycomesfromtheinsightitgivesusintotheneedsanddesiresofyouthandoldage.G.Inordertoreadashortstorywithfullunderstanding,thereadermustapproachthecontentontwolevels.【答案】16D17.G18.F19.E20.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了读者理解小说内容的方法。【16题详解】空处后提到“Oftenitleavesasinglesharpimpressiontobeturnedoverandoverinthemind.Afterfinishingthestory,thereadershouldhavesomethingtothinkabout:thehumoroflife,itsironies,ortheunpredictabilityofhumanbehavior.”（它通常会在脑海中留下一个清晰的印象。读完故事后，读者应该有一些东西来思考:生活的幽默，它的讽刺，或人类行为的不可预测性。）由此判断，好的小说会让读者留下深刻的印象，甚至能让读者感同身受。D项提到“一个好的短篇小说试图给读者一种实际经历的感觉。”起到引起下文的作用，符合文意。故选D。【17题详解】第二段中提到两种理解文章内容的方法的第一种——通过情节理解小说内容，由此判断该段的第一句应总起介绍理解小说内容的方法。G项提到“为了充分理解一篇短篇小说，读者必须从两个层面入手。”总起提到理解小说内容的两个层面，符合文意。故选G。【18题详解】第三段第一句提到“InHemingway’sstory,TheOldManandtheSea,however,wemustapproachthecontentonanotherlevel.”（然而，在海明威的故事《老人与海》中，我们必须从另一个层面来探讨内容。）该段利用《老人与海》的例子介绍了理解小说内容的另一个层面，由《老人与海》的相关内容可知，小说提到了年轻人和老年人的需求和渴望。F项提到“这个故事的影响在于它让我们洞察到年轻人和老年人的需求和欲望。”该项具体提到了小说相关内容，符合文意。故选F。【19题详解】第三段倒数第二句提到“Thenextstepistoidentifythedevicebywhichtheauthorcommentsonthistheme.”（下一步是确定作者评论这个主题的方式。）结合第二段及第三段内容可知，这两段讲述了读者理解小说内容的方式，因此在该段结尾应提到读者理解小说内容的程度。E项提到“最后，读者应该能够解释作者对主题的见解。”该项是读者理解小说内容的最终结果，符合文意。故选E。【20题详解】最后一段第三句提到“Stylegrowsoutofthewriter’sownpersonalityandcanbeseeninthechoiceofwordsandphrases,thearrangementofsentences,therhythmandtone.”（风格来源于作者自身的个性，可以从遣词造句、句子安排、节奏和语气的选择中看出。）由此判断空处应提到读者需要关注小说的风格。A项提到“他们必须寻找风格和结构。”起到引起下文的作用，符合文意。故选A。【点睛】第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。Mysalescareerwasalmostcutshortbymyparents.Iwas11,amemberoftheGirlScouts,andpreparingtosellourfirstThinMints.Ourgoalwastosellatleast50boxeseach,whichwouldmakeusqualifiedforthe___21___.Iconsideredknockingonstrangers’doorsandhopingtowinthemover.ButwhenI___22___myparentsthepermissionpapertodothis,they___23___handeditbackunsigned.Theythoughtitwas___24___thattheirchildwouldaskneighborsfor___25___.Idefendedmycase:The____26____wantdeliciouscookies!Finally,they___27___,andIhitthestreets.Doorafterdoor,Ifoundthatthe____28____basicallysolditselfandallIhadtodowasaddingsomeextracharmwithmysilkribbon.TheGirlScouts____29____mewithacupthathadathumbprintedyellowsmileyfaceonit.Ifelt_____30_____.Iwentontohavealongcareerinsales.NowwhenI_____31_____thatfirstadventure,whatIseeisayounggirlwhoinstinctively_____32_____themostimportantthingaboutselling.It’sabout_____33_____aservice—bringingthemthethingstheywantandneed,sothat,inthebestofsituations,anyproduct_____34_____itselfaswellasthecookiesdid.That’swhyIstillhavethatcup,whichIkeepasa______35______21.A.candies B.certificates C.prizes D.designs22.A.showed B.handed C.instructed D.sent23.A.accidentally B.obviously C.hardly D.immediately24.A.astonishing B.boring C.embarrassing D.confusing25.A.food B.money C.support D.service26.A.customers B.passengers C.listeners D.visitors27.A.disappeared B.agreed C.struggled D.continued28.A.product B.present C.object D.instrument29.A.associated B.helped C.charged D.rewarded30.A.interested B.recognized C.confused D.unprepared31.A.lookbackon B.keepupwith C.getcloseto D.makeupfor32.A.doubted B.noticed C.understood D.remembered33A.requiring B.expecting C.checking D.providing34.A.creates B.replaces C.sells D.reflects35.A.present B.reminder C.surprise D.secret【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.C25.B26.A27.B28.A29.D30.B31.A32.C33.D34.C35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述作者小时候参加卖饼干的活动和父母产生了分歧，最终父母答应她去卖饼干，她做得很好，得到了一个杯子作为奖励，觉得受到了认可。她认为销售是给顾客提供想要的和需要的东西。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的目标是每盒至少卖出50盒，这将使我们有资格获得奖品。A.candies糖果；B.certificates证书；C.prizes奖品；D.designs设计。根据下文“hopingtowinthemover”可知，作者希望赢得奖品。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是当我把同意书交给我的父母时，他们没有签字就立马把它还了回来。A.showed展示；B.handed递给；C.instructed指导；D.sent寄。根据下文“they4handeditbackunsigned.”可知，作者递给了父母同意书去做这件事。故选B项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是当我把同意书交给我的父母时，他们没有签字就立马把它还了回来。A.accidentally偶然地；B.obviously明显地；C.hardly几乎不；D.immediately迅速地。根据后文“Theythoughtitwas4thattheirchildwouldaskneighborsfor5.”可知，作者的父母认为孩子向邻居要钱很尴尬，他们不同意作者卖饼干，因此他们迅速地没签字就把同意书还给了作者。故选D项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们认为他们的孩子向邻居要钱是令人尴尬的。A.astonishing令人惊奇的；B.boring无聊的，令人厌烦的；C.embarrassing令人尴尬的；D.confusing令人迷惑的。根据前文“they4handeditbackunsigned”可知，作者父母之所以不同意那是因为作者的父母认为孩子向邻居要钱很尴尬。故选C项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们认为他们的孩子向邻居要钱是令人尴尬的。A.food食物；B.money金钱；C.support支持；C.service服务。根据前文“Ourgoalwastosellatleast50boxeseach”可知，作者的父母认为孩子向邻居要钱很尴尬。故选B项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我为自己辩护道：顾客想要美味的饼干！A.customers顾客；B.passengers乘客；C.listeners听者；D.visitors游客。根据上文“preparingtosellmyfirstThinMints.”可知，作者把饼干卖给顾客。故选A项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，他们同意了，我就上街了卖东西了。A.disappeared消失；B.agreed同意；C.struggled奋斗；D.continued继续。根据后文“Ihitthestreets.”可知，起初作者父母不同意她卖饼干，经过作者请求，最后他们同意了。故选B项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：走了一家又一家，我发现产品基本上都卖得很好，我所要做的就是用我的丝带增加一些额外的魅力。A.product产品；B.present礼物；C.object物体；D.instrument乐器；仪器。根据前文“wantdeliciouscookies!”可知，作者卖的是饼干，也是产品。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：女童子军奖励我一个上面印着拇指的黄色笑脸的杯子。A.associated联系；B.helped帮助；C.charged指控；D.rewarded奖励。根据前文“basicallysolditselfandallIhadtodowasaddingsomeextracharmwithmysilkribbon.”可知，作者顺利卖完了产品，因此TheGirlScouts给了她奖励。故选D项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我觉得得到了认可。A.interested感兴趣的；B.recognized被认可的；C.confused迷惑的；D.unprepared未准备的。根据上文“TheGirlScouts9mewithacupthathadathumbprintedyellowsmileyfaceonit.”可知，作者得到了一个上面印着竖起大拇指的杯子，因此感觉得到了认可。故选B项。31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在，当我回顾第一次冒险时，我看到的是一个年轻女孩，她本能地理解销售最重要的事情。A.lookbackon回顾；B.keepupwith赶上；C.getcloseto接近；D.makeupfor弥补。根据下文“whatIseeisayounggirlwhoinstinctively12understoodthemostimportantthingaboutselling.”可知，作者回顾第一次经历。故选A项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，当我回顾第一次冒险时，我看到的是一个年轻女孩，她本能地理解销售最重要的事情。A.doubted怀疑；B.noticed注意；C.understood理解；D.remembered记住。根据后文“bringingthemthethingstheywantandneed”可知，这个服务是带给顾客想要和需要的东西，这是作者从销售中学到的东西，也是理解的道理。故选C项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它是关于提供一种服务——带给他们想要和需要的东西，这样，在最好的情况下，任何产品都可以像饼干一样销售。A.requiring要求；B.expecting期待；C.checking检查；审查；D.providing提供，根据下文“bringingthemthethingstheywantandneed”可知，销售是提供一种服务。故选D项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它是关于提供一种服务——带给他们想要和需要的东西，这样，在最好的情况下，任何产品都可以像饼干一样销售。A.creates创造；B.replaces代替；C.sells出售；D.reflects反映。根据后文“thecookiesdid”可知，did指代sold，因此可推断产品也是出售。故选C项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么我还有那只杯子，我把它作为一个提醒。A.present礼物；B.reminder提醒物；C.surprise惊喜；D.secret秘密。根据前文“That’swhyIstillhavethatcup”可知，这个杯子是作者因为第一次卖饼干的出色表现获得的奖品，这次经历让作者意识到给顾客带来他们想要和需要的东西，因此这个杯子至今还保存着是作为一个提醒。故选B项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。RisingsealevelsarethreateningcoastlinesinChina,forexamplein____36____(city)suchasShanghai,TianjinandGuangzhou.Ifsealevelsrisebyonemeter,morethan92,000squarekilometersofChina’scoastcouldbeflooded.Thiscouldpotentiallyforce67millionpeople____37____(move)away.Almosttwo-thirdsoftheiceinAsia’sglaciers(冰川)coulddisappearifaverageglobaltemperaturerisesbeyond1.5℃bytheendofthecentury.Ifthathappens,theimpacts____38____C