在职研究生英语

近义词Despiteherwealthandposition,Lindastillremainedmodestaboutherselfandlivedinthesameone-storeyedhouseasbefore.(unassuming)Peoplelivingontheislandstillobservethecustomswhicharosefromcircumstancesthathavelongsincechanged.(stemmedfrom)WhenIaskedhimwhyhehadn’tcometothemeeting,hegavethefeebleexcusethathe’dforgottenwhattimeitwas.(flabby)Dr.Elwoodsaidthebeliefthatmilkcouldbeharmfulwasbasedontheassumptionthatfatcausesheartdisease.(premise)Inmyopinion,truepatriotismliesinputtingtheinterestsofone’scountryaboveeverythingincludingone’sownlife.(consistsin)Areallovesongismoreappropriateforthisoccasionthanarubbishysongcookedupasacommercialgimmick.(trashy)ItwasaverylongjourneyfromYorktoLondonandRosswasgratefulforJohn’scompany.(society)OneofthegoodthingsaboutAmandaisthatyoucanalwaysrelyonherinexhaustibleenthusiasm.(unfailing)Therehasbeenenoughplayingaroundsolet'sgetdowntobusiness.（beginourwork）10、Howisitpossibleforourhumanbodytoconvertyesterday'slunchintotoday'smuscle?（turn）11、Itisimportantforfamiliestoobservetheirtraditionsevenastheirchildrengetolder（follow）12、Romanticnovels,asopposedtorealisticones,tendtopresentidealizedversionsoflife,oftenwithahappyending.（incontrastto）13、Thenewsreportscompletelyoverlookedthemoreprofoundpoliticalimplicationsoftheevents.（neglected）14、Wesuspectthereisaquitedeliberateattempttosabotagetheelectionsandunderminetheelectoralcommission.（intentional）15、SostrangewerethecircumstancesofmystorythatIcanscarcelybelievemyselftohavebeenapartytothem.（hardly）16、WheneveryouneedTom,heisalwaystherewhetheritbeanearorahelpinghand,soyoucanalwaysleanonhim.（counton）单选题（D）1、Myhusband,becauseofhisownprofessional____,goestoCambridgeeveryweek.A.judgmentsB.criteriaC.personalitiesD.commitments（C）2、Whilelookingfortheaddressbook,Mr.Hailey____someofhisoldlovelettersinhiswife’sdrawer.A.cameaboutB.cameupwithC.cameacrossD.cameoutwith（B）3、MalaysiaandIndonesiarelyonopenmarketsforforestandfisheryproducts.____,someAsiancountriesarehighlyprotectionist.A.DeliberatelyB.ConverselyC.EvidentlyD.Naturally（C）4、Probablythephysicsofthemid-nineteenthcenturywasnotasspectacularasthatofthe____andfollowingperiods,butitstheoreticaladvanceswereneverthelessveryimpressive.A.posteriorB.overwhelmingC.precedingD.potential(D)5、____herdreams,Lynnetraveledtheworld,leavingher2-year-oldsonStepheninthecareofbabysitters.A.InspiteofB.IncaseofC.InplaceofD.Inpursuitof（A）6、Suchanapproachforcesmanagerstocommunicatewithoneanotherandhelps____rigiddepartmentalboundaries.A.breakdownB.standforC.setoffD.passover（B）7、Hardtrainingwill____yourichlywhenitcomestotheactualcompetition.A.bringB.payC.serveD.make（D）8、IneverheardanyoneinmyvillagementionmyuncleTony-Ithinkhewasabitofa____.A.whiteelephantB.darkhorseC.guineapigD.blacksheep(C)9、Myoldestsonhadjustfinishedan_____holidaystaypriortomovingtoanewState,anewjob,andthenextchapterinhislife.A.enlargedB.expandedC.extendedD.increased(A)10、.BlacksandAmericanIndians____lessthan10%ofstudentsinthetop30businessschools,whiletheyareabout28%oftheU.S.population.A.makeupB.takeupC.reachoutD.turnout(D)11、Thereareseveralfactors_____therapidgrowthofsalespromotion,particularlyinconsumermarkets.A.resortingtoB.appealingtoC.applyingtoD.contributingto(D)12、TheInternethasbeendevelopingataspeed____people'sexpectationsinthepasttwodecades.A.overB.ofC.underD.beyond(C)13、Theworldeconomicrecessionputan____endtothesteelmarketupturnthatbeganin.A.irregularB.illegalC.abruptD.absurd(D)14、I'm_____abouthowyoudiscoveredmywebsite,andamverygladifyouenjoyit.A.mysteriousB.furiousC.seriousD.curious(D)15、Thenewaircraftwillbe____toatestoftemperaturesof65℃and120℃.A.suspendedB.suppressedC.summonedD.subjected(A)16、Manycountrieshaveconservationprogramstopreventcertain____offishfrombecomingextinct.A.speciesB.sourcesC.numbersD.members完形填空（选1篇）Unit1Manypeoplethinkitisdifficulttobuildawinningimagebecausetherearenoidentifiablestandardsbywhichtheycanmeasuretheresultsoftheirefforts.Theintangiblequalityofimage-buildingdoesnotpermityoutograspanythingconcreteonaday-to-daybasis,butinthelongrun,tangibleresultswilldefinitelybeevident.Ifyouareoneofthosepeoplewhoisoverlyconcernedabouttheintangiblequalityofimage-building,letmeremindyouthatmanyoftheproductsandservicesyouareveryfamiliarwitharealsointangible.Yettheirvalueisevident.Forexample,asuccessfulsalesmanwhosellsaproductsuchasinsurance,education,securities,ormutualfundsknowshowtocreateneed,eventhoughtheprospectcan’tactuallyseeortouchwhatheisbuying.Consequently,youmustrealizethatknowinghowtogetresultsiswhat’sreallyimportant.Bynowyoushouldunderstandenoughaboutwinningimagestolearnhowtobuildone.You’llsoondiscoverthatyoucanaccomplishoutstandingresultsifyouknowwhatyouwantandhowtogetit.Onceyoureachthispoint,youmustestablishobtainablegoalsandthencommityourselftoachievingthem.Perhapsmyownexperienceinbuildingawinningimagewillhelpyoutorelatetotheprocess.PleasekeepinmindthatwhenmyfatherandIstartedourbusinessfifteenyearsago,wehandverylimitedcapital,andweweresellinganintangibleproduct.Andeventhoughwenowhaveawinningimagefromcoasttocoast,weneverspentanymoneyonadvertising(Ifirmlybelieve“itpaidtoadvertise,”butinourparticularcasewechosenotto).Today,ourcompany,ShookAssociatesCorporations,isconsideredoneofthefinestprofessionalsalesorganizationsinourindustry.Unit2Therehavebeenmajorchangesinattitudestowardcourtshipandmarriageamongthosemiddle-class,educatedAmericanswhoarecelebratedinthemediaasstylesettersforAmericanlife.CourtshipwasoncearegularpartofAmericanlife;itwasalongperiod,sometimeslastingformanyyears,andalsoatentativeone,duringwhichafuturehusbandorwifecouldstillturnbackbutduringwhichtheirrelationshipbecamemoreandmoreexclusiveandsociallyrecognized.Courtshipbothprecededtheannouncementofanengagementandfollowedit,althoughabrokenengagementwassoseriousthatitcouldbeexpectedtothrowthegirlintoadepressionfromwhichshemightneverrecover.Thereweredefiniterulesgoverningthecourtshipperiod,fromthe“bundling”permittedinearlyNewEnglanddays,whenyoungcouplessleptsidebysidewithalltheirclotheson,tostrictetiquettethatprescribedwhatsortofgiftsamanmightgivehisfiancéeincircleswhereexpensivepresentswerecustomary.Giftshadtobeeitherimmediatelyconsumable,likecandyorflowers,orindestructible,likediamonds—whichcouldbegivenback,theirvalueunimpaired,iftherewasariftintherelationship.Objectsthatcouldbedamagedbyuselikeglovesandfurs,wereforbidden.Agentlemanmightcallforaladyinacaborinhisownequipage,butitwasregardedasinappropriateforhimtopayforhertrainfareiftheywentonajourney.英译汉一、Anecosystemisagroupofanimalsandplantslivinginaspecificregionandinteractingwithoneanotherandwiththeirphysicalenvironment.Ecosystemsincludephysicalandchemicalcomponents,suchassoils,water,andnutrientsthatsupporttheorganismslivingthere.Theseorganismsmayrangeformlargeanimalstomicroscopicbacteria.Ecosystemalsocanbethoughtofastheinteractionsamongallorganismsinagivenarea;forinstance,onespeciesmayserveasfoodforanother.Peoplearepartoftheecosystemswheretheyliveandwork.Humanactivitiescanharmordestroylocalecosystemsunlessactionssuchaslanddevelopmentforhousingorbusinessesarecarefullyplannedtoconserveandsustaintheecologyofthearea.答：生态系统是指共同生活在一种特定区域内旳动植物之间以及这些动植物与其生存环境之间互相作用而形成旳一种整体。生态系统涉及物理和化学元素，诸如：土壤，水分，以及维持生物生存旳营养物质。生物可以是大型旳动物，也可以是微型生物。生态系统也可以被看作是在特定区域内所有生物旳互相作用，例如说一种生物也许是另一种生物旳食物。人类也是她们生活工作所处旳生态系统旳一种构成部分。除非人类在为住房或商业需求进行土地开发这些活动做好精心筹划以保护和维持这一地区旳生态环境，否则这些人类活动就会对当地旳生态系统导致破坏。二、Overtheyears,wetendtothinkthatnucleartechnologiesandthenecessaryknowhowtoensurenuclearsafetyhavebeendevelopedtoalevelthatpossibilitiesforanymajornuclearaccidentsarealmostnonexistentandifitdoeshappen,itwillbecontrolledinthecapablehandsofnuclearengineers.However,realityhasprovedagainthatyoujustcan'tbetoocarefultohandlenuclearenergy.Wedon'tknowforsureyetwhatwillbeleftbehindJapan'snuclearcrisis,butitwillbecertainthatitistimetoreexamineournuclearpracticesandmanymoreeffortsneedtobemadetoensurenuclearsafetyinthefuture.答：这些年来，我们习惯性地觉得原子能技术和必要旳实践经验已经足以保证核安全。一切重大旳核事故几乎都不存在，哪怕其真旳发生，也会被有能力旳核工程师们控制影响。然而，事实再一次证明解决核能源再小心都不为过。我们还不拟定日本旳核劫难会留下什么影响，但目前一定是我们重新审查原子能实践旳时候了。为保证将来旳核安全，我们还需付出诸多努力。汉译英一、全球化作为一种新旳经济和社会发展趋势，给中国带来了机遇，也带来了挑战。一方面，中国正成为世界制造业中心并在国际舞台上发挥着日益重要旳作用；另一方面，我们也面临着如何在全球化进程中既要发展经济，又能传承优秀文化老式旳问题。答：Asaneweconomicandsocialtreads,globalizationhasbroughtChinaopportunitiesandchallengesaswell.Ontheonehand,Chinaisontheroadtobecometheworld'smanufacturingcenterandplayinganincreasinglysignificantroleintheinternationalarena;ontheotherhand,wearefacedwiththeproblemthathownotonlyshouldtheeconomyisbeingdeveloped,butalsotheoutstandingculturaltraditionscanbepassedonintheprocessofglobalization.二、中国有着5000年旳文化老式，历经劫波而生生不息，我们一定要充足发扬祖国旳文化老式。同步我们也懂得，要学习和借鉴世界先进旳文明。只有这样，才干使祖国旳文化得到进一步发展，也就是我常说旳，只有开放包容，才干使祖国强大。答：Chinahas5000yearsofculturaltradition.Havingundergonevarioushardships,thecountrystillmaintainsitsvitalitygenerationaftergeneration.Itisimperativeforustofullyadvanceourmotherland'sculturalheritageaswellastolearnfromcivilizationsoftheworld.Onlyinthiswaycanourmotherlandmakefurtherdevelopment.Inotherwords,preservingourtraditionalcultureswhilebeingopenandtolerantwillmakeourcountrymoreprosperous.阅读理解Passage1Lonelinesshasbeenlinkedtodepressionandotherhealthproblems.Now,astudysaysitcanalsospread.Afriendofalonelypersonwas52%morelikelytodevelopfeelingsofloneliness.Andafriendofthatfriendwas25%morelikelytodothesame.Earlierfindingsshowedthathappiness,fatnessandtheabilitytostopsmokingcanalsogrowlikeinfectionswithinsocialgroups.ThefindingsallcomefromamajorhealthstudyintheAmericantownofFramingham,Massachusetts.Thestudybeganin1948toinvestigatethecausesofheartdisease.Sincethen,moretestshavebeenadded,includingmeasuresoflonelinessanddepression.Thenewfindingsinvolvedmorethan5,000peopleinthesecondgenerationoftheFraminghamHeartStudy.Theresearchersexaminedfriendshiphistoriesandreportsofloneliness.Theresultsestablishedapatternthatspreadaspeoplereportedfewerclosefriends.Forexample,lonelinesscanaffectrelationshipsbetweennext-doorneighbors.Thelonelinessspreadsasneighborswhowereclosefriendsnowspendlesstimetogether.Thestudyalsofoundthatlonelinessspreadsmoreeasilyamongwomenthanmen.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofChicago,HarvardandtheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,didthestudy.ThefindingsappearedlastmonthintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology.Theaveragepersonissaidtoexperiencefeelingsoflonelinessabout48daysayear.Thestudyfoundthathavingalonelyfriendcanaddabout17days.Buteveryadditionalfriendcandecreaselonelinessbyabout5%,ortwoandahalfdays.Lonelypeoplebecomelessandlesstrustingofothers.Thismakesitmoreandmoredifficultforthemtomakefriends-andmorelikelythatsocietywillrejectthem.JohnCacioppoatheUniversityofChicagoledthestudy.Hesaysitisimportanttorecognizeanddealwithloneliness.Hesayspeoplewhohavebeenpushedtotheedgesofsocietyshouldreceivehelptorepairtheirsocialnetworks.Theaimshouldbetoaggressivelycreatewhathecallsa“protectivebarrier”againstloneliness.Thisbarrier,hesays,cankeepthewholenetworkfromcomingapart.(B)31.Besidesloneliness,whichofthefollowingcanalsospreadamongpeople?A.FriendshipB.HappinessC.DepressionD.Smoking(A)32.TheFraminghamHeartStudystartingfrom1948____________A.expandeditsresearchtopicsB.involved5,000patientsofdepressionC.identifiedlonelinessasonekeyfactorforheartdiseaseD.examinedtherelationshipbetweenlonelinessanddepression(A)33.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthespreadofloneliness?A.ItleadstoagraduallossoffriendsB.ItisacommonphenomenonamongwomenC.itisoftenfoundintheneighborhoodD.itruinstherelationshipsbetweenclosefriends(C)34.Havingalonelyfriend,youaremorelikelyto___________A.strengthenyourfriendshipB.developnewfriendshipC.increasethesenseoflonelinessD.reducethesenseofloneliness(C)35.AccordingtoJohnCacioppoattheUniversityofChicago,lonelinesscan______A.resultinaggressivenessB.causepeopletobeoverprotectiveC.infectsocialnetworksD.pushpeopletothevergeofpoverty(A)36.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.LonelinesscanspreadB.LonelinessislinkedtodepressionC.LonelypeopletendtogrowfatD.LonelypeopleneedmorefriendsPassage2CaliforniahasanewprogramcalledtheDigitalTextbookInitiative.“Startingthisfallwithhighschoolmathandscience.wewillbethefirststateinthenationtoprovideschoolswithastate-approvedlistofdigitaltextbooks.”ThatwasGovernorArnoldSchwarzeneggerinJune,talkingabouthisefforttogetschoolstousematerialsavailablefreeonline.Helistedreasonswhyhethinksdigitaltextbooksmakesense.Californiaapprovestraditionaltextbooksinsix-yearcycles.Digitalonecanofferthelatestinformation.Theylightentheloadofschoolbags.Theysavepaperandtrees,andmakelearningmorefunandinteractive.Andaboveall,hesaid,theyhelpschoolswiththeirfinances.Thestatehashadtomakeseverecutsinschoolspendingbecauseofdeepfinancialproblems.MorethansixmillionstudentsattendCaliforniapublicschools.Earlierthisyear,Californiainvitedcontentdeveloperstoofferdigitalmathandsciencematerialsforhighschools.Thesehadtomeetatleast90%ofthestate'slearningrequirements.Speciallytrainedteachersexamined16textbooksandapprovedtenofthem.SixofthetenwerepublishedbytheCK12Foundation,anonprofitgroupthathadbeendevelopingdigitalscienceandmathbooksforabouttwoyears.Thefoundationpaidteachersandothereducationprofessionalstowriteandeditthem.ThemoneycamefromagroupfinancedbytheKhoslaFamily.Californiacannotrequireschoolstousethedigitaltextbooks.Individualschooldistrictswillhavetodecideforthemselves.SusanMartimo,aCaliforniaDepartmentofEducationofficial,saysshedoesnotexpectwidespreaduserightaway.Herbestguessisthatsomeschoolswithalotoftechnologywillbethefirsttousethem,butonlyinadditiontotheirtraditionalbooks.Schooladministratorspointoutthatthetextsmaybefreeonline,butstudentsneedawaytoaccessthem.Noteveryonehasacomputerorelectronicreader.Schoolscouldprintoutcopies,butthatwouldnothelptheenvironment.Also,thereisthecosttotrainteacherstousedigitaltextbookseffectively.(D)37.TheDigitalTextbookInitiative_______________A.willprobablytakeeffectinsixyearsB.coversallthehighschoolsubjectsC.hasbeenapprovedbyallstatesD.isadvocatedbyCaliforniastategovernor(A)38.Themainreasonforpromotingdigitaltextbooksisto________A.helpsavemoneyB.benefittheenvironmentC.provideinterestingmaterialsD.reducestudents'heavyburden(A)39.Thedigitaltextbookswereapprovedby_______A.trainedteachersB.contentdevelopersC.KhoslaFamilyD.CK12Foundation(B)40.WhatistrueofCK12Foundation?A.Itproduced16digitaltextbooksB.Itpaidteacherstowritedigitaltextbooks.C.ItisfinancedbyCaliforniastategovernment.D.Itmakesmoneythroughdevelopingdigitaltextbooks.(C)41.AccordingtoSusanMartimo,digitaltextbooks__________________A.arenotlikelytohaveawidespreaduseB.willsoonreplacetraditionalonesC,willfirstbeadoptedbywell-equippedschoolsD.arecertaintobeapprovedbyschooldistricts(B)42.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat_________________A.schoolsarereluctanttoprintoutcopiesB.theuseofdigitaltextbooksisnotreallyfreeC.studentsneedtopayforcomputersD.trainingteacherstousethetextbooksisnotefficientPassage3DoctorsinBritainarewarningofanobesitytimebomb,whenchildrenwhoarealreadyoverweightgrowup.So,whatshouldwedo?Exercisemore?Eatless?Orboth?Thegovernmentfeelsithastotakeresponsibilityforthisexpandingproblem.ThecheerfulMr.Pickwick,theheroofthenovelbyCharlesDickens,isseeninillustrationsassomeonewhoisplumpandhappy.In18thcenturypaintingsbeautyisequatedwithroundedbodiesandsoftcurves.Butnowadaysbeingoverweightisseenasindicatingneitheracheerfulcharacternorbeautybutanincreasedriskofheartdiseaseandstroke.Sowhatdoyoudo?Diet?NotaccordingtoEngland'schiefmedicalofficer,SirLiamDonaldson.Hesaysthatphysicalactivityisthekeyforreducingtherisksofobesity,cancerandheartdisease.AndtheHealthSecretaryJohnReidevensaidthatbeinginactiveisasseriousariskfactorinheartdiseaseassmoking.So,havingboughtsomecrosstrainers,howmuchexerciseshouldyoudo?AccordingtoSirLiamDonaldson,atleast30minutesofmoderateactivityfivedaysaweek.Isgoingtothegymtheanswer?Luckilyforthosewhofindtreadmillstedious,theHealthDevelopmentAgencybelievesthatphysicalactivitythatfitsintopeople'slivesmaybemoreeffective.Theysuggesttakingthestairsratherthanthelift,walkingupescalators,playingactivegameswithyourchildren,dancingorgardening.Andaccordingtoasportspsychologist,ProfessorBiddle,gymsarenotmakingthenationfit,andmayevencauseharm.There'snewscientificevidencethattoomuchexercisemayactuallybebadforyou.ScientistsattheUniversityofUlsterhavefoundthatunaccustomedexercisereleasesdangerousfreeradicalsthatcanadverselyaffectnormalfunctioninunfitpeople.Theonlypeoplewhoshouldpushtheirbodiestothatlevelofexerciseonaregularbasisaretrainedathletes.So,shouldweforgetaboutgymsandfollowsomeexperts'advicetoincreaseexerciseinourdailylife?Afterall,gettingoffthebusastopearlyandwalkingtherestofthewaycan'tdoanyharm!Onefinalthought.Howcomepastgenerationslackedgymfacilitiesbutwereleanerandfitterthanpeopletoday?(A)43.Thispassageismainlyabout______________A.howtokeepfitandavoidfatnessB.increasedrisksforoverweightpeopleC.thedangersofexerciseinthegymD.thebenefitofabalanceddiet(B)44.Whatdose"thisexpandingproblem"(Para1)referto?A.TheslowgrowingupofoverweightchildrenB.Theobesitytimebombwarnedofbydoctors.C.Tolittleexerciseandtoomuchdiet.D.Neglectofthehealthissuebythegovernment(D)45.WhydosetheauthormentionMr.PickwickinCharlesDickens'novel?A.Hewasportrayedinan18thcenturypaintingB.HeistheheroofaworldfamousnovelC.Hesufferedfromheartdiseaseandstroke.D.Heistheimageofbeingplumpandhappy(D)46.AccordingtoSirLiamDonaldson,whatisthebestwaytoavoidobesity?A.BeingondietB.Givingupsmoking.C.Beingasinactiveaspossible.D.Doingphysicalactivities.(B)47.WhichofthefollowingisNOTrecommendedbytheHealthDevelopmentAgency?A.Walkingupescalators,dancingorgardeningB.GoingtothegymtowalkontreadmillsC.Takingthestairsratherthanthelift.D.Playingactivegameswithyourchildren.(D)48.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat____A.toomuchexercisemayactuallybebadforhealthB.experts'advicecannotbealwaysfollowed.C.pastgenerationslongedforgymfacilitieswehavetodayD.moderatedaily-lifeexercisecanmakeusleanerandfitterPassage4Untillastspring,NiaParkerandtheotherkidsinherneighborhoodcommutedtoschoolonBus59.Butasfuelpricesrose,theschooldistrictneededtofindawaytocutitstransportationcosts.Sotheschool'sbusingcompanyredrewitsroutemap,eliminatingNia'sbusaltogether.NowNiaandherneighborstravelthehaftmiletoschoolviaa“walkingschoolbus”agroupofkids,supervisedbyanadultortwo,whomakethewalktogether.Liketherestofus,schooldistrictsarefeelingpinchedbyrisingfuelcosts—andfindingnewwaystoadapt.Thepriceofdieselfuelhasgoneup34percentinthepasttwoyears.ForthetypicalAmericanschooldistrict,busbillstotal5percentofthebudget.Asadministratorslooktotrim,busingisaninvitingtarget,sinceitdoesn'taffectclassroominstruction(ortestscores).MorethanonethirdofAmericanschooladministratorshaveeliminatedbusstopsorroutesinordertostaywithinbudget.Manyparentsaredelightedtoseetheirkidswalkingtoschool,partlybecausemanydidsothemselves:accordingtoa1969survey,nearlyhalfofschoolkidswalkedorbikedtoschool,comparedwithonly16percentin.Modemparentshavebeenunwillingtoletkidswalktoschoolforfearoftraffic,crimeorsimplebullying,butwithorganizedadultsupervision,thoseconcernshavediminished.Schoolsandbusingcompaniesarefindingotherwaystosave.Inruralareaswherebusingisamust,someschoolshaveevenchosenfourdayschoolweeks.Busingcompaniesinstructdriverstoeliminateextrastopsfromroutesandtommofftheenginewhileidling.Theyarealsousingcomputersoftwaretodeterminethemostfuelefficientroutes,whicharen'talwaystheshortestones.Therecouldbedownsides,however,tothebusingcutbacks.Ifeveryformerlybusedstudentbeginswalkingtoschool,it'sanenvironmentalwinbutiftoomanyoftheirparentsdecidetodrivetheminstead,theoverallcarbonfootprintcangrow.Replacingbuseswithmanymoreparentdrivencarscanalsoincreasesafetyrisks:Areportconcludedstudentsare13timessaferonaschoolbusthaninapassengercar,sincebuseshavefeweraccidentsandwithstandthembetterduetotheirsize.Andsomestudentscomplainaboutthelongmorninghikes,particularlywhentheroutecontainsareallybighill.(A)31.The“walkingschoolbus”_________.A.doesnotconsumefuelB.aimstokeepchildrenfitC.seldomcausestrafficjamsD.ispopularwithschoolkids(A)32.InAmericatheresponsibilityforbusingkidstoschoollieswith_______.A.individualschoolsB.schooldistrictsC.teachersD.parents(D)33.Asregardswalkingtoschool,modernparentsseemmuchconcernedwiththe_____.A.timespentonthewayB.changesintherouteC.kids'physicalstrengthD.safetyoftheirchildren(B)34.Tosavemoney,someschoolschooseto_____________.A.taketheshortestroutesB.shortentheschoolweekC.givedriversbettertrainingD.usefuelefficientbuses(C)35.Busingcutbacksmayeventuallyleadto___________.A.fiercercompetitionamongbuscompaniesB.morestudentstakingpublictransportationC.anincreaseincarbondioxideemissionsD.adecreaseinthesafetyofschoolbuses(C)36.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor'sattitudetowardsbusingcutbacks?A.Favorable.B.Critical.C.Objective.D.Indifferent.Passage5PeoplearelivinglongerthaneveTwor,butforsomereason,womenarelivinglongerthanmen.AbabyboybornintheUnitedStatesincanexpecttolivetobeabout73,ababygirl,about79.Thisisindeedawidegap,andnoonereallyknowswhyitexists.Thegreaterlongevity(长寿)ofwomen,however,hasbeenknownforcenturies.Itwas,forexample,describedintheseventeenthcentury.However,thedifferencewassmallerthenthegapisgrowing.Anumberofreasonshavebeenproposedtoaccountforthedifferences.Thegapisgreatestinindustrializedsocieties,soithasbeensuggestedthatwomenarelesssusceptibletoworkstrainsthatmayraisetheriskofheartdiseaseandalcoholism.Sociologistsalsotellusthatwomenareencouragedtobelessadventurousthanmen(andthismaybewhytheyaremorecarefuldrivers,involvedinfeweraccidents).Evensmokinghasbeenimplicatedintheagediscrepancy.Itwasoncesuggested