【分析】2018年高考英语全国1卷真题

2018年高考英语全国 I卷真题解析试卷导航语篇话题体裁词数难度阅读理解A活动介绍应用文264+91=355易阅读理解B烹饪节目介绍新闻报道274+141=415中阅读理解C语言的消失说明文304+110=414难阅读理解D新旧电子设备能耗说明性议论文349+106=455中阅读七选五颜色在房间装饰中说明文255+72=327中的重要作用完形填空国际大师通过象棋记叙文274中传授人生技能语法填空跑步的好处和注意说明文196中事项短文改错寒假去祖父母家感记叙文113中受到的变化书面表达告知信应用文100(左右)中试题解读第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分 40分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题 2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A1/38Washington,D.C.BicycleToursCherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.Duration:3hoursThissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseetheworld-famouscherry treeswith beautiful flowers ofWashington, D.C.Your guidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswherethey blossom. Reserveyour spot before availability –and the cherryblossoms–disappear!WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTourDuration:3hours(4miles)JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington,D.C.ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.Duration:3hoursMorning or Afternoon, this bike tour istheperfect tour for D.C.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress, memorials,andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute( 路线)makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour2/38Duration:3hours(7miles)JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,D.C.GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?A.Meetfamouspeople. B.Gotoanationalpark.C.Visitwell-knownmuseums. D.Enjoyinterestingstories.23.Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?A.Citymaps. B.Cameras. C.Meals. D.Safetylights.语篇解读关键词 biketour，Washington,D.C.，explore主旨概要 本文是一篇应用文，分别介绍了四种骑自行车游览华盛顿的活动。theNationalMall ：国家广场，是位于美国首都华盛顿特区的一处开放型国家公园。这里是美国国家庆典和仪式的首选地，3/38百科知识 同时也是美国历史上重大示威游行、民权演说的重要场所。Capitol Hill：国会山，也就是通常说的国会大厦，因其坐落在华盛顿特区海拔 25米的全城最高点而得名国会山。语言知识reserve 预订；view 参观；explore 探索；share 讲述；重难点词knowledgeable 知识渊博的； bikev骑自行车aguidedtour 有导游的观光；bottledwater 瓶装水；entertainsbwith sth用某事物使某人快乐； getupcloseto靠近；be重难点词块equipped with 配备；reflective vests反光背心； book inadvance提前预订Reserveyour spot before availability — and the cherryblossoms—disappear! 句意为：趁樱花正盛，门票未磬，赶紧预订景点！句中 availability 指“可购得，可买到”的状态。MorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourfor长难句分析D.C.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.句意为：无论上午还是下午，无论是初来乍到还是当地居民，如果想要一种健康舒适的方式感受华盛顿，骑车游览都是最佳选择。lookingto...作newcomersandlocals 的后置定语。答案与解析21.A 事实细节题 根据第一段最后一句， Reserveyour spot beforeavailability —andthecherryblossoms —disappear!可知，骑车看樱花是需4/38要提前预定的。22.D 事实细节题 根据第三段第二句， Knowledgeable guides willentertainyouwiththe mostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks. 可知答案。D事实细节题根据第四段最后一句Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.可知答案。BGoodMorningBritain ’sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder5perfamily￡aday.AndtheGoodMorningBritainpresentersaysshe’beensabletoputalotofwhatshe’slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant, ”sheexplains.“Ipay 5￡foraportion( 一份),burMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe ’renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves. ”Theeight-partseries( 系列节目),SaveMoney:GoodFood,followsin5/38thefootstepsofITV ’sSaveMoney:GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.With foodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewith adifferent family eachweek.Intonight’sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.Theteamtransformsthefamily ’slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid?Sheenjoysembarrassingherguests.Shehasstartedanewprogramme.Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.Shehashadatightbudgetforherfamily.HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna?Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.Hepreparesfoodforherkids.Heassistsherincookingmatters.Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.Addsomebackgroundinformation.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?6/38A.KeepingFitbyEatingSmartB.BalancingOurDailyDietC.MakingYourselfaPerfectChefD.CookingWellforLess语篇解读关键词 SaveMoney:GoodFood主旨概要 本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了 SusannaReid主持的烹饪节目SaveMoney:GoodFood。这个节目旨在帮助家庭烹饪省钱、美味又营养的食物。ITV (Independent Television): 独立电视台，英国第二大无线电视经营商，于 1955年设立。百科知识 GoodMorningBritain 《早安英国》， ITV的王牌节目，主持人是 SusannaReid。原文出处 选自英国网站 EXPRESS，2017年4月8日名为 GoodMorning Britain ’SusannaReid onnewcooking onatightbudget 的文章。语言知识重难点词 grillvt追问，盘问 (grill基本义是“烧烤”，当人被反复盘问，就像是放在烧烤架上受煎熬， 因此grill衍生为“追问，盘问”)takeaway n外卖食品；外卖餐馆 (takeaway是由take+away构成的合成名词 )7/38valuen划算程度；range一系列；specialn特别节目；inspiration好主意；transform使改变重难点词块beusedtodoingsth习惯做某事；cookupastorm尽情/起劲地做饭；onatightbudget预算紧张；opractice将⋯⋯付诸实践；followinthefootstepsof效仿⋯⋯；givesbadviceon... 给某人某方面的建议； thevastrangeof各式各样的；householdexpense家庭开销；cometotheaidofsb=cometosb’said来帮助某人；assistsbin(doing)sth帮助某人(做)某事长难句分析 InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.句意为：在SaveMoney:GoodFood节目中，她每周拜访一个家庭，在厨师MattTebbutt的帮助下，为每个家庭准备每天花费不到5英镑的食谱，同时提供如何减少食物浪费的高招。withthehelpofchefMattTebbutt是插入语，and连接动词visits和offers，while引导时间状语从句。答案与解析B推理判断题根据第一段...,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget. 和第二段InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisits...可推断，SusannaReid主持了一个新的烹饪节目 SaveMoney:GoodFood。8/3825.C推理判断题 根据第二段 ...withthehelpofchefMattTebbutt... 及第三段Ipay ￡5foraportion,butMattmakesthemfor26paportion... 可推知厨师 Matt帮助Susanna做一些烹饪方面的工作。C写作目的题根据第四段可知SaveMoney:GoodFood这个节目仿效了ITV出品的节目SaveMoney:GoodHealth。由此可知，这里作者是想介绍SaveMoney:GoodFood这个节目的背景信息。D主旨大意题本文主要介绍了SusannaReid主持的电视节目SaveMoney:GoodFood。由第一段...showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget ，第二段 ...offerstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder 5perfamily￡aday 和最后一段Theteamtransforms...withlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.可知SaveMoney:GoodFood这个节目旨在帮助家庭用更少的钱做出美味可口的饭菜。CLanguageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerin9/38number.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld’slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150),LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.28.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?A.Theydevelopedveryfast.B.Theywerelargeinnumber.C.Theyhadsimilarpatterns.D.Theywerecloselyconnected.29.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedin10/38paragraph2?A.Complex. B.Advanced.C.Powerful. D.Modern.30.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?A.About6,800. B.About3,400.C.About2,400. D.About1,200.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?Newlanguageswillbecreated.People’slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.语篇解读关键词 languages,disappear主旨概要 本文是一篇说明文， 主要讲述了随着人类社会的发展， 很多语言逐渐消失。语言多样性是文化多样性的重要组成部分。全世界大约有6800种语言，但超过400多种语言处于濒危境地，只有百科知识 为数不多的老人会说这些语言。而每两周就会有一种语言消失，随之湮灭的还有宝贵的文化财富。themediannumber中位数，又称中点数、中值。中位数是按顺序排列的一组数据中居于中间位置的数，即在这组数据中，有一半的数据比它大，有一半的数据比它小。原文出处 选自美国经济学人 TheEconomist，2004年12月29日名为11/38Bablerunsbackwards(Theworld’slanguagesaredisappearingattherateofoneafortnight.Whattodo?)的文章。语言知识重难点词populate(某地区)居住着；hunter-gatherer游猎采集部族成员；settled稳定的，固定的；nation-state单一民族的独立国家；increasingly不断增加地；distribution分布；uneven不均衡的；relatively相对地；pick举例重难点词块comeandgo来来去去；patternofspeech语言模式；independentof不受⋯⋯的影响；soonafterwards不久以后；settledown(在某地)定居下来；compulsoryeducation义务教育；takeover占上风；mild zones气候温和地带；hot,wetzones 气候湿热地带； accountsfor (数量上、比例上)占；wellover 远远超出；becloseto几乎 (处于某种状态)；atrandom 随机；havemuchchanceof ⋯⋯的可能性很大长难句分析 ⋯andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.句意为：亚洲和环太平洋地区大概有3200种语言，其中仅巴布亚新几内亚一个国家的语言就远超800种。ofwhich引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词3,200。句中的well为副词，意为“相当；远远地”。12/38Themedian number ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld ’slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat. 句意为：所有语言使用者的中位人数仅为6000人，这就意味着世界上有一半的语言，它们的使用人数小于 6000人。which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的句子。写作句型 ...noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival .答案与解析28.B事实细节题 根据第一段第二句和第三句， Whentheworld wasstillpopulated by hunter-gatherers ...they spokeperhaps 12,000languagesbetweenthem.可知，在游猎采集时代，虽然人口很少，但语言种类很多。29.C词义猜测题 根据第二段最后一句中的 increasinglytakingover ，意为“越来越占据统治地位” ，可知dominant 意为“占优势的；占支配地位的”。30.B事实细节题根据第三段最后一句，Themediannumberofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld’slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.以及第四段第一句中的thetotalof6,800languages可知答案。C主旨大意题通读全文，可知文章主要讲述随着人类社会的发展，语言的种类越来越少。DWemaythinkwe ’reaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshinyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices( 装置)wellaftertheygooutofstyle.That ’sbadnews13/38fortheenvironment—andourwallets—astheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslife—fromwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice.Thismethodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyusehasevolvedsincetheearly1990s.Devicesweregroupedbygeneration.Desktopcomputers,basicmobilephones,andbox-setTVsdefined1992.Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.AndMP3players,smartphones,andLCDTVsenteredhomesin2002,beforetabletsande-readersshowedupin2007.Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidn’tthrowoutouroldones.“Theliving-roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekids’room,andsuddenlyoneday,youhaveaTVineveryroomofthehouse,”saidoneresearcher.Theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2007.We’renotjustkeepingtheseolddevices—wecontinuetousethem.AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbitt’steam,olddesktopmonitorsandboxTVswithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions(排放)morethandoublingduringthe1992to2007window.Sowhat’sthesolution(解决方案)?Theteam’sdataonlywentupto2007,buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchas14/38atabletforwordprocessingandTVviewing.Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevices?Theyareenvironment-friendly.Theyarenobetterthantheold.Theycostmoretouseathome.Theygooutofstylequickly.WhydidBabbitt’steamconducttheresearch?Toreducethecostofminerals.Totestthelifecycleofaproduct.Toupdateconsumersonnewtechnology.Tofindoutelectricityconsumptionofthedevices.Whichofthefollowingusestheleastenergy?A.Thebox-setTV. B.Thetablet.C.TheLCDTV. D.Thedesktopcomputer.35.Whatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices?A.Stopusingthem. B.Takethemapart.C.Upgradethem. D.Recyclethem.语篇解读关键词 throwoutoldelectronicdevices主旨概要 本文是一篇说明性议论文， 作者介绍了新旧电子设备的能耗调查，借此论证新电子设备比过时的旧设备更节能、更15/38环保，呼吁人们为了节能环保不要再使用已经过时的旧电子设备，而使用集多种功能为一体的新电子设备。desktopcomputers：台式电脑basicmobilephones:百科知识 相对于智能手机 (smart phones)而言，主要功能为通话和收发短信。box-setTVs：箱式电视机LCDTVs:LCD是LiquidCrystalDisplay 的简称，LCDTVs 全称是液晶显示屏电视。tablets:平板电脑 (TabletPersonalComputer) 的简称，是一种小型、方便携带的个人电脑， 以触摸屏作为基本的输入设备。e-readers: 电子书阅读器TVswithcathoderaytubes:CRT电视机，CRT是cathoderaytubes(阴极射线管)的简称。16/38原文出处 选自美国网站 Sciencemag,2015年2月6日名为WhyyoushouldthrowoutyouroldTV 的文章。语言知识重难点词 outdated 过时的；consume消耗；trackvt跟踪 (track名词的基本义是“足迹”，名词用作动词基本义是“沿着足迹”，即跟踪)；mine开采；readout 数字读出；evolve进化，演变； group vt把⋯⋯分类；把⋯⋯分组 (group名词的基本义是“组”，名词用作动词意为“分组” )；define界定；accumulate 收集；on-demand 应顾客要求即可提供的；cut减少重难点词块getridof丢弃；atthefirstsightof一看见⋯⋯(就)；gooutofstyle过时；figureout弄清楚/弄明白；stharrivedonthescenein⋯某事物于⋯⋯出现；showup出现；throwout扔掉；sthgetsplantedin⋯某物被放置在⋯⋯(plantvt稳固地放置)；contributionto对⋯⋯的促成作用；upto直到；replace⋯with用⋯⋯代替⋯⋯；nobetterthan同⋯⋯(几乎)一样；conducttheresearch开展研究；thelifecycleofaproduct产品使用周期；take⋯apart把⋯⋯拆开长难句分析 Wemaythinkwe’reaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshinyandnew.句意为：我们或许会认为自己有这样的习惯：一看见新科17/38技产品就会扔掉我们在用的旧产品。AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbitt’team,solddesktopmonitorsandboxTVswithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions(排放)morethandoublingduringthe1992to2007window. 句意为：Babbitt的团队分析显示，旧台式电脑显视器和 CRT电视机是最糟糕的电器， (因为)在1992年到2007年期间，它们的能耗和温室效应气体排放量比现在的一倍还多。,buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproducts with newelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction, suchasatablet forwordprocessingandTVviewing. 句意为：⋯⋯，不过研究者还探讨了如果消费者把旧的产品替换为多功能的新电子设备会发生什么情况， 例如可用来处理文字和看电视的平板电脑。Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputers couldcutenergyconsumptionby44%. 句意为：他们发现，多在平板电脑上点播观看娱乐节目比用电视和台式电脑观18/38看能减少44%的能源消耗。答案与解析32.A推理判断题根据第一段最后一句That’sbadnewsfortheenvironment⋯astheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.可知，做同样的事，过时的电子设备比新设备耗能更多。由此可推断，作者认为新设备更节能、更环保。33.D事实细节题 根据第二段第一句 Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,⋯可知，Babbitt的团队开展研究是为了查明新旧电子设备的耗能量。B推理判断题根据最后一段Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%. 可知，使用平板电脑观看娱乐节目比用电视或台式电脑能减少 44%的能源消耗。由此可推断，四种电子设备中，平板电脑的耗能量是最少的。A推理判断题作者开篇提出观点：新电子设备比过时的旧设备更节能、更环保。之后又用Babbitt团队的研究证明自己的观点，文章的最后作者又再次强调具备多功能的新电子设备的确是更节能。 由此可推断，作者建议人们不要再用过时的旧电子设备了。第二节 (共5小题；每小题 2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Colorisfundamentalinhomedesign —somethingyou’llalwayshaveineveryroom.Agraspofhowtomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirst19/38stepstocreatingroomsyou’lllovetolivein.Doyouwantaroomthat’sfulloflife?Professional?Orareyoujustlookingforaplacetorelaxafteralongday?36,coloristhekeytomakingaroomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel.Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.37,theycangetalittlecomplex.Butgoodnewsisthatthere’rereallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:thesmallones,themediumones,andthelargeones.38.They’rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoaddvisualinteresttoourrooms.Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlessexpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable.Medium color choicesare generally furniture piecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbookshelves. 39 .Theyrequireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones,andtheyhaveamorepowerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace.Thelargecolordecisionsinyourroomsconcernthewalls,ceilings,andfloors.Whether you’relooking atwallpaper orpaint, thetime,effort andrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant. 40 .A.WhileallofthemareusefulB.Whateveryou’relookingfor20/38Ifyou’reexperimentingwithacolorSmallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe’remostfamiliarwithIt’snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesSoitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeColorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways语篇解读关键词 color,homedesign主旨概要 本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了在房间装饰设计中颜色的重要性，并详细说明了小、中、大三种规格的装饰颜色的不同作用。原文出处 文章选自 HOMEDOO 家装设计网，分别由同一位作者写于2004年11月3日和2014年11月11日。语言知识重难点词 fundamental 十分重要的；grasp领会；approach接近；manage合理地利用；commitment 投入；concern与⋯⋯有关重难点词块 throw pillow 小靠垫；full oflife充满活力，生气勃勃；visualinterest 视觉趣味；tobesure诚然，固然；astepup向前迈出的一步长难句分析 ⋯coloristhekeytomaking aroom feelthewayyou21/38wantittofeel. 句意为：⋯⋯颜色是让房间成为你想要的那种感觉的关键。 youwantittofeel 是定语从句，修饰先行词way，省略了关系代词 that。Agraspofhowtomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirststepstocreatingroomsyou ’lllovetolivein. 句意为：掌握如何在自己的空间里合理利用颜色是营造温馨居住的房间的关键步骤之一。 you’lllovetolivein 是定语从句，修饰先行词 room，省略了关系代词 that/which。写作句型 Whether you’relooking atwallpaper orpaint, thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant .It’snotreally agoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpieces.答案与解析36.B上文提到，Doyouwantaroomthat ’sfulloflife?Professional?Orareyoujustlookingforaplacetorelaxafteralongday? 你想要一间充满活力的房间吗？职业化的？还是在寻找一处忙碌了一整天后放松的地方？可知，接下来将是对上文的总结，无论你找什么样的房间，颜色是关键。且选项 B中的lookingfor 和上文的want和lookingfor 相呼应。A空格上一句提到，多年来，有许多不同的工艺帮助设计师达到这一目标。由此可推断，这些工艺都很有用。选项 A中的them指代的是differenttechniques。38.D上一段结尾提到三种选择 :thesmallones,themediumones,andthe22/38largeones。接下来分别一一介绍。且该段中作者提到小物品如小靠垫、镜子、篮子等的颜色可以给房间带来视觉上的乐趣， 以及其他好处。由此可知，本段介绍的是 smallcolorchoices。39.G该空下一句提到中等物品颜色的选择和小物品作比较的两个方面： 一是花费，二是对空间感觉的影响。与选项 G中的twomajorways 相呼应。F该空上一句提到，大的方面的颜色选择所投入的时间、精力和相关费用都是相当多的。与选项F中的pay相呼应。因而，墙壁、天花板、地板等颜色的选择是你首先要搞定的。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Duringmysecondyearatthecitycollege,Iwastoldthattheeducationdepartmentwasofferinga“free”course,calledThinkingChess,forthreecredits.I41theideaoftakingtheclassbecause,afterall,whodoesn’twantto42afewdollars?Morethanthat,I’dalwayswantedtolearnchess.And,evenifIweren’t43enoughaboutfreecredits,newsaboutour44wasappealingenoughtome.Hewasaninternationalgrandmaster,which45Iwouldbelearningfromoneofthegame’s46.Icouldhardlywaitto47him.MauriceAshleywaskindandsmart,aformergraduatereturningtoteach,andthis48wasnogameforhim;hemeantbusiness.Inhis23/38introduction,hemadeit49thatourcreditswouldbehard-earned.Inorderto50theclass,amongothercriteria,wehadtowriteapaperonhowweplanto51whatwewouldlearninclasstoourfutureprofessionsand,52,toourlives.ImanagedtogetanAinthat53andlearnedlifelessonsthathaveservedmewellbeyondthe54.TenyearsaftermychessclasswithAshley,I’mstillputtingtousewhathe55me:“Theabsolutemostimportant56thatyoulearnwhenyouplaychessishowtomakegood57.Oneverysinglemoveyouhaveto58asituation,processwhatyouropponent(对手)isdoingand59thebestmovefromamongallyouroptions.”Thesewordsstillringtruetodayinmy60asajournalist.41.A.putforwardB.jumpedatC.triedoutD.turneddown42.A.wasteB.earnC.saveD.pay43.A.excitedB.worriedC.movedD.tired44.A.titleB.competitorC.textbookD.instructor45.A.urgedB.demandedC.heldD.meant46.A.fastestB.easiestC.bestD.rarest47.A.interviewB.meetC.challengeD.beat48.A.chanceB.qualificationC.honorD.job49.A.realB.perfectC.clearD.possible50.A.attendB.passC.skipD.observe51.A.addB.exposeC.applyD.compare52.A.eventuallyB.naturallyC.directlyD.normally24/3853.A.gameB.presentationC.courseD.experiment54.A.criterionB.classroomC.departmentD.situation55.A.taughtB.wroteC.questionedD.promised56.A.factB.stepC.mannerD.skill57.A.gradesB.decisionsC.impressionsD.comments58.A.analyzeB.describeC.rebuildD.control59.A.announceB.signalC.blockD.evaluate60.A.roleB.desireC.concernD.behavior语篇解读关键词 course,chess,learnedlifelessons主旨概要 本文是一篇记叙文。作者在大学期间上了免费的国际象棋课程，从教练那里学到很多受益终身的技能。MauriceAshley 莫里斯 ·阿什利 (1966.3.6--)牙买加裔美国人，国际象棋大师，作家，评论员，应用软百科知识 件设计师，智力游戏发明家，励志演说家。 1999年获得象棋大师称号，成为世界上第一位非洲裔美国象棋大师。他还是著名的象棋赛事评论员，并多年执教象棋。2016年4月13日，阿什利入选美国象棋名人堂。原文出处 选自美国国家公共电台 NPR网站，2016年4月23日名为ChessForProgress:HowAGrandmasterIsUsingTheGameToTeachLifeSkills 的文章。美国公共广播电台 KQED 网站，2016年4月25日也登载25/38了这篇文章，标题为 HowAChessGrandmaster UsesTheGameToTeachLifeSkills。语言知识重难点词 grandmaster 大师；bestn最好的人 (或事物)；business重要事情；criteria 标准；absolute十足的；绝对的；moven(下棋的)一步；一着重难点词块jumpatsth迫不及待地接受某物，欣然接受某物；morethanthat不仅如此；appealtosb对某人有吸引力；couldhardlywaittodosth迫不及待做某事；managetodosth设法做成某事；applysthtosth把某事物应用于某事物；lifelessons人生教益；wellbeyond远远超出；putsthtouse利用某事物；ringtrue听起来真实写作句型Inhisintroduction,hemadeitclearthatourcreditswouldbehard-earned.ImanagedtogetanAinthatcourseandlearnedlifelessonsthathaveservedmewellbeyondtheclassroom .答案与解析B根据上文a“free”course和下文谁不想省下几美元推断，作者迫不及待地接受了上课的念头。jumpat意为“迫不及待地接受”，符合语境。C此处和上文a“free”course呼应，能省钱。A根据上文可知，作者对免费上课能拿学分这件事很感兴趣，而且他想学象棋。此句是 evenif引导的让步状语从句，因此选择 excited，表示即26/38课堂所学应用于未来的职业中。物”，符合语境。使对学分不感兴趣，教练也足以吸引他。D此处是指国际象棋课程的教练。D此空后是对上文aninternationalgrandmaster的进一步解释说明，mean(that)... 意为“意味着”，符合语境。C根据上文教练是国际象棋大师可知，作者能师从这个项目最好的选手之一，故选择best，意为“最好的人(或事物)”，符合语境。B根据上文，教练是国际象棋大师，作者能从中受益良多，因此作者迫不及待地想见到他，故选择meet。D根据上文returningtoteach可知，教练回到母校任职。Cintroduction一词提示教练向大家讲清楚学分不好挣。B根据下文的criteria以及writeapaper可知此处是说如何顺利学完课程。51.C whatwewouldlearninclass 和ourfutureprofessions 形成对比，把applysthtosth 意为“把某事物应用于某事A把课堂所学应用于职业中，最终再应用于生活中，因此选择eventually。C此处指作者该“课程”得了A。文章第一段的a“free”course亦有提示。B根据下文作者把课堂所学用于人生可知，作者学到的已经远远超越了课堂的范围。A下文内容都是教练在课上教给作者的。D作者学习的是国际象棋，再根据下文对下象棋的描述推断此处是在27/38讲最重要的技巧。B根据下文下每一步棋你都要分析推断，最为重要的是作明智的决定。A此处是讲下棋时每一步都要分析局势，考虑对手的下法。D此处指通过分析局势，研究对手的下法，从而评估最好的走法。Aasajournalist点明作者的社会角色。第二节 (共10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears61(long)thannon-runners.Youdon’thavetorunfastorforlong62(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof63(die)earlybyrunning.Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit64(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife65walking,cyclingorswimming.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin201466showedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall67(cause).Thebestexerciseisonethatyouenjoyandwilldo.Butotherwise...it’sprobablyrunning.Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto68(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉),avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.Runningischeap,easyandit’salways69(energy).Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive70atry.28/38考点分析有提示词无提示词谓非谓名词比较词性代冠介定从名从状从并语语动单复级转换词词词列动词数词121121011000答案与解析longer根据空白处之后的