物理化学一2005级期中双语试题

厦门大物理化学（一（双语班）试化学化工学院化学系2005年级化学 （A一、选择题(每题10分，共1020下图为某气体的p-V图图中为恒温可逆变化,对外做功为WAB;A→C为绝热可逆变化,对外做功为WAC;A→D为多方不可逆变化,对外做功为WAD。B,D,C态的体积相等。问下述关系哪个正确? 高温下臭氧的摩尔等压热容Cp,m为 ΔH=Qp,此式适用于下列那个过程 1013250Pa101325Pa1013250,101325PaCuSO4(298K,101325Pa)(373K,10132.5已 H2(g,298K)+(1/2)O2(g,298K)=H2O(g,298 mrH(1)=-241.8kJ·mol-mrH2(g,298K)=2H(g,298 mrH(2)=436.0kJ·mol-mrO2(g,298K)=O(g,298 mrH(3)=247.7kJ·mol-mr根据上述数据可获得H—O键的平均键能εH—O约为 925.5kJ·mol-462.8kJ·mol-120.9kJ·mol-241.8kJ·mol-某定量均相纯流体从298K,10p恒温压缩时,总物系的焓增加,则该物系从298K,10p节流膨胀到邻近 降 不 不能确 (U/V)S dSCpdln(T/K (S/V)T (U/p)T= 用1mol理想气体进行焦耳实（自由膨胀求得ΔS=19.16J·K-1，则体系的自由能变化为 ΔG=19.16 ΔG<19.16 ΔG>19.16 ΔG= 0000Atwhichoneofthefollowingconditionsaclosedsystem emore k1Qjk

dnj

di

deSdi

j k1

di

SsysSsur

dtj1WhichoneofthefollowingchartsrepresentstheCarnotcycleofperfect 二、计算题(共5题50（10分T1=298K

5p的初态。(a)经绝热可逆膨胀；(b)2ppT2QW,ΔU，ΔH2（10分Anaqueoussolutionofunoxygenatedhemoglobincontaining5gofprotein(M=64,000gmol-1)in100cm3ofsolutionisplacedinaninsulatedvessel.Whenenoughmolecularoxygenisaddedtothesolutiontocompleysaturatethehemoglobin,thetemperaturerises0.031℃.Eachmoleofhemoglobinbinds4molesofoxygen.Whatistheenthalpyofreactionpermoleofoxygenbound?Theheatcapacityofthesolutionmaybeassumedtobe4.18JK-1cm-3.Estimatetheminimumdetectableconcentrationofunoxygenatedhemoglobinifatemperatureriseof0.02℃canbedistinguished.（10分2mol100℃，101325kPa100℃，101325kPa的水蒸气,求水的熵ΔvapS101325kPa,10040.68kJ·mol-1（10分r NitricacidhydrateshavereceivedmuchattentionaspossiblecatalystsforheterogeneousreactionsthatbringabouttheAntarcticozonehole.Worsnopetal.investigatedthethermodynamicstabilityofthesehydratesundertypicalconditionsofthepolarwinterstratosphere(D.R.Worsnopetal,Science259,71(1993)).Theyreportthermodynamicdataforthesublimationofmono-,di-,andtrihydratestonitricr HNO3·nH2O(S)→HNO3(g)+nH2O(g),forn=1,2and3,

forthesereactionsatrusetheGibbs-Helmholtzequationr

atn123n123GH （10分,过冷液体水凝结为冰时，体系的sG和sS (3题30（10分ForagasVRT(ba whatistheinversiontemperaturefortheJoule-Thomsoneffect?Whatisthesignof

belowtheVm

TT

Vm

b J

（12分dSCVT

dpCpT T

T 并导出对于理想气体,p1V1,p2V2CpCV均为常数,S

lnp2

lnV （8分Consideracontainerofvolume250cm3thatisdividedintotwocompartmentsofequalsize.IntheleftcompartmentthereisArgonat100kPaand0C;intherightcompartmentthereisNeonatthesam