马克思主义【英文】课件

MarxismChristinaAardemaAnnaBeelsRachaelLynchDevinSelbergJordanKosterMarxismChristinaAardema1TheMarxistTheory--MarxcreatedthetheoryofMarxismwhichbelievedthatthemotiveforallsocialandpoliticalactivitieswasforgainingandkeepingeconomicpower.--TheoriesofMarxismarecategorizedintoagroupcalled“DialectalMaterialism”whichconsistsoflotsofthoughtsandthewayonelooksatlife.Aswellasone’soutlookandemotionsondifferentthings.--Marxistsbelievein“EmpiricalEvidence”whichconsistsofusingthetruthineveryaspectofasituation.ThismethodologywasledbyMarxandEngels.Howeverlatertheyrevealthatnotalloftheir“theories”weretrueandthattheywerebasedmoreonscientifictheoryratherthanconcretefacts.--AnothercomponentofMarxismisDeterminismwhichexplainsthatallprocessesarepre-thoughtanddeterminedbynaturallaws.Thereforeallprocessesshouldbeabletobepredicted.TheMarxistTheory--Marxcreat2MoreInfoonMarxistTheoryMarxisttheoriesarecategorizedintorealityofsociety,economics,workingclasses,andpolitics.DialectalMaterialism,HistoricalMaterialism,andtheLaborTheoryofValuearethe“FamousThreeComponentParts”OfMarxism.MoreInfoonMarxistTheoryMar3KarlHeinrichMarxKarlMarxwasbornonmay5,1818inGermanytoamiddle-classfamily.AttheageofseventeenheenrolledintheFacultyofLawattheUniversityofBonnthentransferredtotheUniversityofBerlin.HewasamemberandleadertomanyclubssomebeingtheYoungHegelianmovement,theCommunistsociety,andtheCommunistLeague.Hebecameknownforhiswritingandtheories,hebeganwritingfortheRheinscheZeitung,Deutsch-FranzosischeJahrbucher,andwritingfamouswritingssuchastheEconomicandPhilosophicalManuscripts,TheGermanIdeology,ThePovertyofPhilosophy,theCommunishManifesto,TheNeueFheinischeZeitung,theClassstrugglesinFrance,The18thBrumaireofLuisBonaparte,TheGrundrisse,TheCivilWarinFrance,andmore.HeMarriedJennyvonWestphalenandhad6children,3whomlived.AfterfightingillnessesinthelateryearsofhislifeandgoingthroughthedeathofhiswifeandeldestdaughterhediedonMarch14,1883./walking/wa-marx.htmKarlHeinrichMarxKarlMarxwa4MarxContributionofTheoriesKarlMarxwasastrongcommunistadvocateandevenleadagroupthatoverthrewtheFrenchGovernmentandtookoverfortwomonths.Marxfeltthattheseparationwasmoresignificantinsocioeconomicclassesthandifferencesbetweenreligion,ethnicity,race,andgender.TheMarxistbeliefestablishedclassesinAmericafromthehomeless,poor,financiallyestablished,well-to-do,andextremelywealthy.Thesewereestablishedastheunderclass,lowerclass,middleclass,upperclass,andaristocracy.MarxContributionofTheoriesK5

Marxisttheoryin“TheGreatGatsby”

AccordingtoLoisTysonMarxisttheorywasshownpredominatelythroughthecharacters.

Marxisttheoryin“TheGreat6MarxistTheoryin“TheGreatGatsby”(cont.)ThecharactersdemonstrateMarxisttheorythroughtheiractions.Theyleadustobelievethattheyfollowtheactofcommodification.Commodificationisthethoughtthatyouarewhatyouown.Thisishowitisshownthroughsomeofthemaincharacters…MarxistTheoryin“TheGreatG7TomBuchanan’sProblemHedemonstratesthisby…Hismarriagetodaisy(Hismoneyisequaltoherbeauty).Hisjoyofhavingexpansivethings.Hispoweroverthewomenhehasaffairswith.Allofthesethingsbuilduphisownpersonalwealth,becausehehascontroloverthem.TomBuchanan’sProblemHedemon8TomBuchanan(cont.)Onethingthatcommodificationcausesyoutodoiswantmoreandmore.InTom’scasehewantsanelevatedstatus,heisfromthewest(hegraduatedfromYale)andtheclassythingistobefromtheeast.Thisissomethinghecanthavesoheshowsarudedislikefortheoldmoneystatus.TomBuchanan(cont.)Onething9DaisyShedemonstratescommodificationthrough…Theacceptanceoftomsmarriageproposal(forthemoney)WhensheleavesGatsbybecauseheisofalowerstatus.WhensheusesGatsbyasacommodity(HetakestheblameforMyrtlesdeath,shegetsofffree).DaisyShedemonstratescommodif10GatsbyHeshowscommodificationthrough…Theactofhavingallthatstuffjusttoimpressdaisy(signexchangevalue)Hisattempttohavedaisy(Ifhehasdaisyitwillshowthathebelongstothatsocialclass).GatsbyHeshowscommodification11MarxistViewofGreatGatsbyLoisTysonsomewhathintsthatshethinksthecharactersarejustliketherichupperclassoftheoldRussia.TheywerethereasonMarxcameupwithhistheoryinthefirstplaceThecharactersinEastandWestEggwereliketherichnobleclassThepeopleinthevalleyoftheasheswerelikethepeasantsMarxistViewofGreatGatsbyLo12MarxistViewofGreatGatsby(cont.)InthebooktheGreatGatsbyTysonpointsouthowtherichwouldgoaboutspendingtheremoneyonthemselvesanddefinethemselvesbywhattheyowned.Thepoorinthebookgotnothing.MarxismisshownthoughthisbecausethisiswhyMarxmadeupMarxism.Marxwantedtogetrideoftherichupperclass.MarxistViewofGreatGatsby(13MainPointofMarxistTheoryThemainpointofMarxismwastodemonstratehowacapitalistsocietywouldn’tfunctionandhowtherewasaneedforaclasslesssocietyMainPointofMarxistTheoryTh14MarxismChristinaAardemaAnnaBeelsRachaelLynchDevinSelbergJordanKosterMarxismChristinaAardema15TheMarxistTheory--MarxcreatedthetheoryofMarxismwhichbelievedthatthemotiveforallsocialandpoliticalactivitieswasforgainingandkeepingeconomicpower.--TheoriesofMarxismarecategorizedintoagroupcalled“DialectalMaterialism”whichconsistsoflotsofthoughtsandthewayonelooksatlife.Aswellasone’soutlookandemotionsondifferentthings.--Marxistsbelievein“EmpiricalEvidence”whichconsistsofusingthetruthineveryaspectofasituation.ThismethodologywasledbyMarxandEngels.Howeverlatertheyrevealthatnotalloftheir“theories”weretrueandthattheywerebasedmoreonscientifictheoryratherthanconcretefacts.--AnothercomponentofMarxismisDeterminismwhichexplainsthatallprocessesarepre-thoughtanddeterminedbynaturallaws.Thereforeallprocessesshouldbeabletobepredicted.TheMarxistTheory--Marxcreat16MoreInfoonMarxistTheoryMarxisttheoriesarecategorizedintorealityofsociety,economics,workingclasses,andpolitics.DialectalMaterialism,HistoricalMaterialism,andtheLaborTheoryofValuearethe“FamousThreeComponentParts”OfMarxism.MoreInfoonMarxistTheoryMar17KarlHeinrichMarxKarlMarxwasbornonmay5,1818inGermanytoamiddle-classfamily.AttheageofseventeenheenrolledintheFacultyofLawattheUniversityofBonnthentransferredtotheUniversityofBerlin.HewasamemberandleadertomanyclubssomebeingtheYoungHegelianmovement,theCommunistsociety,andtheCommunistLeague.Hebecameknownforhiswritingandtheories,hebeganwritingfortheRheinscheZeitung,Deutsch-FranzosischeJahrbucher,andwritingfamouswritingssuchastheEconomicandPhilosophicalManuscripts,TheGermanIdeology,ThePovertyofPhilosophy,theCommunishManifesto,TheNeueFheinischeZeitung,theClassstrugglesinFrance,The18thBrumaireofLuisBonaparte,TheGrundrisse,TheCivilWarinFrance,andmore.HeMarriedJennyvonWestphalenandhad6children,3whomlived.AfterfightingillnessesinthelateryearsofhislifeandgoingthroughthedeathofhiswifeandeldestdaughterhediedonMarch14,1883./walking/wa-marx.htmKarlHeinrichMarxKarlMarxwa18MarxContributionofTheoriesKarlMarxwasastrongcommunistadvocateandevenleadagroupthatoverthrewtheFrenchGovernmentandtookoverfortwomonths.Marxfeltthattheseparationwasmoresignificantinsocioeconomicclassesthandifferencesbetweenreligion,ethnicity,race,andgender.TheMarxistbeliefestablishedclassesinAmericafromthehomeless,poor,financiallyestablished,well-to-do,andextremelywealthy.Thesewereestablishedastheunderclass,lowerclass,middleclass,upperclass,andaristocracy.MarxContributionofTheoriesK19

Marxisttheoryin“TheGreatGatsby”

AccordingtoLoisTysonMarxisttheorywasshownpredominatelythroughthecharacters.

Marxisttheoryin“TheGreat20MarxistTheoryin“TheGreatGatsby”(cont.)ThecharactersdemonstrateMarxisttheorythroughtheiractions.Theyleadustobelievethattheyfollowtheactofcommodification.Commodificationisthethoughtthatyouarewhatyouown.Thisishowitisshownthroughsomeofthemaincharacters…MarxistTheoryin“TheGreatG21TomBuchanan’sProblemHedemonstratesthisby…Hismarriagetodaisy(Hismoneyisequaltoherbeauty).Hisjoyofhavingexpansivethings.Hispoweroverthewomenhehasaffairswith.Allofthesethingsbuilduphisownpersonalwealth,becausehehascontroloverthem.TomBuchanan’sProblemHedemon22TomBuchanan(cont.)Onethingthatcommodificationcausesyoutodoiswantmoreandmore.InTom’scasehewantsanelevatedstatus,heisfromthewest(hegraduatedfromYale)andtheclassythingistobefromtheeast.Thisissomethinghecanthavesoheshowsarudedislikefortheoldmoneystatus.TomBuchanan(cont.)Onething23DaisyShedemonstratescommodificationthrough…Theacceptanceoftomsmarriageproposal(forthemoney)WhensheleavesGatsbybecauseheisofalowerstatus.WhensheusesGatsbyasacommodity(HetakestheblameforMyrtlesdeath,shegetsofffree).DaisyShedemonstratescommodif24GatsbyHeshowscommodificationthrough…Theactofhavingallthatstuffjusttoim