2014年同等学力考试英语真题与答案卷一文字版

2014年同等学⼒申硕考试英语与答案（卷⼀⽂字版为1009:00开始，10:40结束:试卷⼆满分25分，考试时间为50分[AB][C][D]PartIOralCommunication(10points)SectionADirections:Inthissectiontherearetwo pletedialoguesandeachdialoguehasthreeblanksandthreechoicesA,BandC,takenfromtheFillineachoftheblankswithoneofthechoicestocompletethedialogueandmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.DialogueTheyhadbeeninthereforabout5It'stheothermanI'mtalkingIthoughtyousaidtherewerethreeBurney:Thereweretwomen,Ithink.No,three.Theyranintothebankandtheonewiththegun，thetallone,herunsuptothewindow,andstartsshoutingsomething,Idon'tknow,"Givemeallyourmoney"andotherone Burney:No,thereweretwomenandagirl. theonecarryingthesuitcase,well,hegoesuptotheotherguy- officer:Theonewiththegun?Burney:Yes,andheopensthesuitcaseandthecashier,well,she-well,alltheotherpeoplebehindthewindow-theyhandoverpilesofmoneyandtwomenputitintothesuitcaseandtheyrunout.Itwasl: IlikeaTheystillmakemovieslikePeopletodaydon'tlikeSpeakerA:IlikewatchingoldlmoviesandIthinktheyaretheSpeakerB:Iagreewithyou,eventhoughthey'reinblackandwhite.Ithinkagoodstoryismoreimportantthancolor.SpeakerA:Andtherewasnoinoldmovies.SpeakerB:No,therewasn't. SpeakerA:Theylikelotsofaction.SpeakerB: SpeakerA:Iliketoseeactorswhoarelikerealpeople.SpeakerB:Likerealpeoplewithrealproblems.Speaker SpeakerB:Yes,buttheynevermakemuchmoney.SectionBDirections:Inthissectionthereisone pleteinterviewwhichhasfourblanksandfourchoicesA,B,CandD,takenfromtheinterview.FillineachoftheblankswithoneofthechoicestocompletetheinterviewandmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.IdoalotofresearchontheInternet OfcoursetheymailtheirfriendsIdoalotofmyshoponthenetInterviewer:Ms.Chen,canyou luswhichpiecesoftechnologyareimportanttoyou?Interviewee:Threethings:mySharplaptop;my5;andmyOlympusdigitalcamera. :thekids,art,buildings,clothes,scenesthatcatchmyeyeasIwalkpast.Interviewer:WhatdoyouuseyourcomputerInterviewee:Well,Isendsallthetime.ButIdoalotofmydesignworkonscreennowandIcansendmyideasstraighttodirectorsandproducers. -therearesomefantasticsitesaroundnow.Interviewer:WhousesthecomputeratInterviewee:Thekidsusethecomputerallthetime -andontopofthatthey'realwaystextingontheirmobilephones!TheyplaycomputergameswhentheythinkIortheirfatheraren'tlooking!Theydon'tlikeng,ofcourse,buttherearesomereallygoodrevisionsitesontheInternet. -15minutesforawholesupermarket"visit"!Thatfeelsreallygood.Directions:Inthisparttherearetensentences,eachwithonewordorphraseunderlined.ChoosetheonefromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandDthatbestkeepsthemeaningofthesentence.MarkyouranswerontheAnswerNowandinthefuture,wewillliveasfreepeople,notinfearandneveratthemercyofanyforeignpowers.A.intheinterestofB.underthecontrolofC.forthesakeofD.atthecostofPublicacceptanceofrabbitasaneconomicalsourceofproteindependshowaggressivelyproducersmarketit.A.vigorouslyB.effectivelyC.efficientlyD.ManyNewEnglandcommunitiesdonotpermittheconstructionofa“modernist”building,lestitaltertheiroverallarchitecturalA.incasethatB.inspitethatC.forfearthatD.inorderEssentially,atheoryisan ,symbolicrepresentationofwhatisconceivedtobereality.A.imaginationB.impressionC.presentationD.evisioncommercialhavebeenunderconstantscrutinyforthelastfewyears.A.pressureB.reflectionC.examinationD.Themayorhasspentahandsomeamountoftimeinhislastternworkingtobringdownthetaxrate.A.sufficientB.plentyC.considerableD.HispoorperformancemaybeattributedtothelackofA.causedbyB.focusedonC.takenforD.viewedThenewcutininterestrateismeanttopromotedomesticA.encourageB.obtainC.publicizeD.ConditionsforthegrowthofthisplantareoptimuminearlymostacceptableB.mostC.mostfavoriteD.mostSheoftensayshergreatesthappinessconsistsinhelthedisadvantagedchildren.isproportionatetoB.iscomposedC.liesinD.reliesPartIIIReadingComprehension(25points)SectionADirections:Inthissection,therearefourpassagesfollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandmarkyouranswerontheAnswerPassageOfallthelessonstaughtbythefinancialcrisis,themost alhasbeenthatAmericansaren’tsogoodatmoney-management.Wetakeouthomeloanswecan'tafford.Werunupsky-highcredit-carddebt.Wedon'tsavenearlyenoughforretirement.Inresponse,supportersoffinancial-literacyeducationaremovingwithrenewedenthusiasm.SchooldistrictsinstatessuchasNewJerseyandIllinoisareaddingmoney-managementcoursestotheircurriculums.TheTreasuryanddepartmentsaresendinglessonplanstohighschoolsandencouragingstudentstocompeteintheNationalFinancialCapabilityChallengethatbeginsinStudentswithtopscoresonthatexamwillreceives-butchancesforlong-termbenefitsareslim.Asitturnsout,thereislittleevidencethattraditionaleffortstoboostfinancialknow-howhelpstudentsmakebetterdecisionsoutsidetheclassroom.Evenasthefinancial-literacymovementhasgained overthepastdecade,scoreshavebeenfallingonteststhatmeasurehowwellstudentslearnaboutthingssuchasbudgeting,creditcards,insuranceandinvestments.ArecentsurveyofcollegestudentsconductedfortheJumpStartCoalitionfor alFinancialLiteracyfoundthatstudentswho'dhada al-financeormoney-managementcourseinhighschoolscorednobetterthanthosewhohadn't."Weneedtofigureouthowtodothistherightway,"saysLewisMandell,aprofessorattheUniversityofWashingtonwhoafter15yearsofstudyingfinancial-literacyprogramshascometotheconclusionthatcurrentmethodsdon'twork.Agrowingnumberofresearchersandeducatorsagreethatamoreradicalapproachisneeded.Theyadvocatestartingfinancialeducationalotearlierthanhighschool,puttingrealmoneyandspendingdecisionsintokids'handsandtalkingopenlyabouttheemotionsandsocialinfluencestiedtohowwespend.Otherinitiativesaretackingsuchreal-worldissuesasthecommercialpressuresthataffectpurchasingdecisions.Whyexactlydoyouwantthoseexpensivebrand-nameshoessobadly?"Ittakesconfidencetotakeastandandtothinkdifferently,"saysJerooBillimoria,founderofAflatoun,anonprofitwhosecurriculum,usedinmorethan30countries,aimstohelpkidsgetalegupintheirfinanciallives.”“ThisgoesmoneyandThefinancial-literacyeducationisintended helpAmericans ethefinancialenableAmericanstomanagemoneyincreaseAmericans'awarenessofthefinancialrenewAmericans'enthusiasmaboutmoney-Accordingtotheauthor,theNationalFinancialCapabilityChallengewillbe C.rewardingD.Bysayingthat"thefinancial-literacymovementhasgained"(Para.3),theauthormeansthatthemovement hasgonethroughfinancialhasreceivedmuchhasbeenregardedashasbeenmoreandmoreLewisMandellsuggeststhatweshouldfigureouthow.helpstudentsscorebetterinmoney-managementimprovethesocialawarenessoffinancialcarryoutfinancial-literacyeducationmanagemoneyinamoreefficientJerooBillimoriaismostlikelytoagree mercialandsocialpressuresmakeone'spurchasingdecisions C.unwiseD.acceptablePassageTwoCheatingisnothingnew,Buttoday,educatorsandadministratorsarefindingthatinstancesofacademicdishonestyonthepartofstudentshave morefrequent-andarelesslikelytobepunished-thaninthepast.Cheatingappearstohavegainedacceptanceamonggoodandpoorstudentsalike.Whyisstudentcheatingontherise?Noonereallyknows.Someblamethetrendonagenerallooseningofmoralvaluesamongtoday'syouth.Othershaveattributedincreasedcheatingtothefactthattoday'syoutharefarmorepragmatic(实⽤主义的)thantheirmoreidealisticpredecessors.Whereasinthelatesixtiesandearlyseventies，studentswerefilledwithvisionsaboutchangingtheworld，today’sstudentsfeelgreatpressuretoconformandsucceed.Ininterviewswithstudentsathighschoolsandcollegesaroundthecountry,bothyoungmenandwomensaidthatcheatinghad eeasy.Somesuggestedtheydiditoutofspiteforteacherstheydidnotrespect.Otherslookedatitasagame.Onlyiftheywerecaught,somesaid,wouldtheyfeelguilty."Peoplearecompetitive,"saidasecond-yearcollegestudentnamedAnna,fromChicago.There'sanunderlyingfear.Ifyoudon'tdowell,yourlifeisgoingtoberuined.Thepressureisnotonlyformparentsandfriendsbutfromoneself.Toachieve.Tosucceed.It’salmostasthoughwehavetooutdootherpeopletoachieveourowngoals,EdwardWynne,amagazineeditor,blamestheriseinacademicdishonestyontheschools.Heclaimsthatadministratorsandteachershavebeentoohesitanttotakeaction.DwightHuber,chairmanoftheEnglishdepartmentatAmarillo.seesthematterdifferently,blamingtheriseincheatingonthewaystudentsareevaluated."IwouldcheatifIfeltIwasbeingcheated,"Mr.Hubersaid.Hefeelsthataslongasteachersgivesshort-answertestsratherthanessayquestionsandratestudentsbythenumberoffactstheycanmemorizeratherthanbyhowwelltheycanputinformationtogether,studentswilltrytobeatthesystem."Theconceptofcheatingisbasedonthefalseassumptionthatthesystemislegitimateandthereissomethingwrongwiththeindividualwhoarengit,"hesaid."That'stooeasyananswer.We'vegottostartlookingatthesystem."Educatorsarefindingthatstudentswho arenotonlythoseacademicallytendtobedishonestinlateraremorelikelytobepunishedthanhavepooracademicAccordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatements

ReforminthetestingsystemwilleliminatePunishmentisaneffectivemethodtostopcheating.Students'cheatinghasdeepsocialStudentsdonotcheatonessayWhichofthefollowingpointsofviewwouldMr.withCheatingwouldbereducedthroughaneducationalStudentswhocheatshouldbeexpelledfromPunishmentforcheatersshouldbesevereinthisParentsmusttakeresponsibilityfortheriseinTheexpression"theindividuals"(thelastparagraph)refersschoolstudentswhoThepassagemainlyA:waystoeliminateacademicdishonestyB:factorsleadingtoacademicdishonestyC:thedeclineofmoralstandardsoftoday'syouthD:people'stoleranceofstudents'cheatingPassageThreeLastweek,Ireadastoryabouta34-year-oldBritishwomanwhoisextremelyafraidofmetalforks.She'sbeenusingplasticonesfor17yearsbecausethesoundofaforkrubbingagainstaplateg:ivesherapanicStrangerightButshe'snotalone.Whilepopularphobias(恐惧症)aboutsnakesandspidersmightgetalloftheattention,thereareawidevarietyofnot-so-obvioushorrorsthatmakepeopleWhilesomephobiasmightseemabitsilly,theycancauseseriousemotionaldistress.Myco-workerMagdaisterrifiedofpigeons,aphobiathatistakingoverherlife.Shewon'twalkincertainpartsofthecityandrunsscreamingfromthesubwaywhenoneofthese"ratswithwings"findsitswayontotheplatform.Anotherfriendisdisgustedwithcheese.OnceIsawherrunawayfromasliceofit.Sowheredoesanirrationalfearofcheesecomefrom?Arephobiassomethingweinheritfromourgenesordoweacquiretheseunusualanxietiesovertime?EversinceIcanrememberIhavebeenunreasonablyfrightenedofelevators.TherewasnoterriblechildhoodexperienceandIamfinewithconfinedspaces,butsomethingaboutelevatorsmakesmenervous.Andso,whenmyboyfriendandIfoundourselvestrappedinanelevatorlastyear-becausethesesortsofthingsalwayshappeneventually-Iwasanticipatingtheworst.Whilehegavemeasuggestiveeyebrowraiseandproposedwe"takeadvantageofthesituation,"Ibeganscreaminguncontrollably.Iwasfarfromturnedonbythewholefacingmyworstnightmarething.However,afterthefearsubsided(消退)Irealizedthatyesthiswasmygreatestfearcometrueandyetitwasn'tallthatbadNervousinconvenientmaybe,butterrifying?NotsoLiberatingyourselffromadeep-seatedphobiacanbealonganddifficultprocess,butsometimesitcanbeassimpleasconfrontingitheadThe34-year-oldBritishwomanisextremelyafraidofmetalforksshehasneverusedthemshehasbeeninjuredbythemshecouldn'tbeartheirsoundonsheisafraidthattheymayhurtThephrase"ratswithwings"(Para.3)refersA.strangebirdsB.pigeonsC.devilsD.exoticratsTheauthor'sfearofelevatorsistheresultherphobiafornohernervousnessofbeingherdislikeofbeinginclosedherterribleAfterthefearsubsided,theauthorrealizedherboyfriend'shelpwasshecouldhavehadagoodtimewithheranelevatorridecouldbeitwasnotashorribleasshehadThepurposefortheauthortoshareherexperienceisillustrateconqueringafearcanbeencouragepeople etheirintroducewhatstrangefearspeopleexplainwhypeoplehavestrangefearsPassageFourTheAmericanpublic'sobsessionwithdietinghasledtooneofthemostdangeroushealthmisconceptionsofalltimes.Many evisionads,movies,magazinearticles,anddiet-foodproductlabelswouldhaveconsumersbelievethatcarbohydrates(碳⽔化合物)arebadforthehumanbodyandthatthosewhoeatthemwillquickly eoverweight.Weareadvisedtoavoidfoodssuchaspotatoes,riceandwhitebreadandoptformeatsandvegetablesinstead.Somecompaniespromotethisideatoencourageconsumerstobuytheir"carb-free"foodproducts.Butthetruthis,thehumanbodyneedscarbohydratestofunctionproperly,andabodythatreliesoncarbohydratesbutisexhaustedofthisdietaryelementisnotingoodshapeafterall.Mostfoodsthatweconsumeonadailybasislikepotatoesandriceareloadedwithcarbohydrates.Contrarytopopularbelief,carbohydrateshavemanyhealthbenefitssomefightdiseasessuchashighbloodpressureandheartdisease,andothershelptopreventcancerandstroke.Cuttingthesefoodsoutofyourdietmaydepriveyourbodyofthemanyhealthbenefitsofcarbohydrates.Oneofthebestbenefitsofcarbohydratesistheirabilitytohelptomaintainthehealthofourorgans,tissues,andcells.Scientificstudieshaveshownthatonetypeofcarbohydratecalledfiberreducestheriskofheartdisease.Carbohydratesalsocontainantioxidants抗氧化剂whichprotectthebody'scellsfromharmfulparticleswiththepotentialtocausecancer.Thisdoesnotmeanthatthehumanbodycansurviveonadietcomposedentirelyofcarbohydrates.Wealsoneedcertainpercentagesofproteinsandfatstomaintainhealthybodies.Butcarbohydratescertainlyshouldnotbeavoidedaltogether.Infact,thefoodpyramid,themendedbasisofahealthydiet,showsthata consumesixtoelevenservingsofbreadsandgrains,aswellasthreetofourservingseachoffruitsandvegetables-allcarbohydrate-containingfoods.Itiseasytoseewhycuttingcarbohydratesoutofa 'sdietisnotagoodidea.Theonlywaytoknowwhatistrulyhealthyforyourownbodyistotalktoanutritionistordietician,whocanhelpyouchoosefoodsthatarerightforyouaswellasguideyoutowardaproperexerciseprogramforweightloss,ormusclegain.Theseprofessionalswillnever lyoutocutoutcarbohydratesentirely!Thebottomline:listentotheexperts,nottheadvertisers!AsisusedinParagraphl,theword"exhausted"mostpossiblyderivedB.C.startledD.Accordingtotheauthor,advertiserswhosell“carb-free”offerhealthyoptionsB.areresponsibleforC.are lingthetruthD.valueconsumers'well-WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthehealthbenefitsofPreventionoffiberreduction.B.PreventionofheartC.Preventionofstroke.D.PreventionofItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatahealthydietneedsenoughproteinsbutnofatforustomaintainisbalancedbetweencarbohydrates,andproteinsandislowincarbohydratesandhighinproteinsandcontainsequalamountsofcarbohydratesandThemainpurposeofthepassageispromotemorephysicaladvocateahealthydescribethevarietyofexplainhowtoliveahealthylifeSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youarerequiredtoreadonequotedblogandthecommentsonit.Theblogandcommentsarefollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheetOneofthecentralprinciplesofraisingkidsinAmericaisthatparentsshouldbeactivelyinvolvedintheirchildren'seducation:meetingwithteachers,volunteeringatschoolhelwith ,andngahundredotherthingsthatfewworkingparentshavetimefor.TheseobligationsaresobakedintoAmericanvaluesthatfe rentsstoptoaskwhetherthey’reworththeeffort.UntilthisJanuary,fewresearchersdid,either.Inthelargest-everstudyofho rentalinvolvementaffectsacademicachievement,KeithRobinsonandAngelL.Harris,twosociologyprofessorsatDuke,foundthatmostlyitdoesn’t.The bedthroughnearlythreedecades'worthofsurveysofAmericanparentsandtracked63differentmeasuresofparentalparticipationinkids'academiclives,fromhelthemwith,totalkingwiththemaboutcollegeplans.Inanattempttoshowwhetherthekidsofmore-involvedparentsimprovedovertime,theresearchersindexedthesemeasurestochildren'sacademicperformance,includingtestscoresinreadingandmath.Whattheyfoundsurprisedthem.Mostmeasurableformsofparentalinvolvementseemtoyieldfewacademicdividendsforkids,oreventobackfire(适得其反regardlessofaparent'srace,classorlevelofDoyoureviewyourdaughter'severynight?RobinsonandHarris'sdatashowthatthiswon’thelpherscorehigheronstandardizedtests.Oncekidsentermiddleschool,parentalhelpwith actuallybringtestscoresdown,aneffectRobinsonsayscouldbecausedbythefactthatmanyparentsmayhaveforgotten,ornevertrulyunderstood,thematerialtheirchildrenlearninschool.WhileRobinsonandHarrislargelydisprovedthatassumption,theydidfindahandfulofhabitsthatmakeadifference,suchasreadingaloudtoyoungkids(fewerthanhalfofwhomarereadtodaily)andtalkingwithteenagersaboutcollegeplans.Buttheseinterventionsdon'ttakeplaceatschoolorinthepresenceofteachers,wherepolicymakershavethemostinfluence-theytakeplaceathome.Directions:Inthissection,youarerequiredtoreadonequotedblogandthecommentsonit.Theblogandcommentsarefollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheetOneofthecentralprinciplesofraisingkidsinAmericaisthatparentsshouldbeactivelyinvolvedintheirchildren'seducation:meetingwithteachers,volunteeringatschoolhelwith,andngahundredotherthingsthatfewworkingparentshavetimefor.TheseobligationsaresobakedintoAmericanvaluesthatfe rentsstoptoaskwhetherthey’reworththeeffort.UntilthisJanuary,fewresearchersdid,either.Inthelargest-everstudyofho rentalinvolvementaffectsacademicachievement,KeithRobinsonandAngelL.Harris,twosociologyprofessorsatDuke,foundthatmostlyitdoesn’t.The bedthroughnearlythreedecades'worthofsurveysofAmericanparentsandtracked63differentmeasuresofparentalparticipationinkids'academiclives,fromhelthemwith ,totalkingwiththemaboutcollegeplans.Inanattempttoshowwhetherthekidsofmore-involvedparentsimprovedovertime,theresearchersindexedthesemeasurestochildren'sacademicperformance,includingtestscoresinreadingandmath.Whattheyfoundsurprisedthem.Mostmeasurableformsofparentalinvolvementseemtoyieldfewacademicdividendsforkids,oreventobackfire(适得其反regardlessofaparent'srace,classorlevelofDoyoureviewyourdaughter'severynight?RobinsonandHarris'sdatashowthatthiswon’thelpherscorehigheronstandardizedtests.Oncekidsentermiddleschool,parentalhelpwith actuallybringtestscoresdown,aneffectRobinsonsayscouldbecausedbythefactthatmanyparentsmayhaveforgotten,ornevertrulyunderstood,thematerialtheirchildrenlearninschool.WhileRobinsonandHarrislargelydisprovedthatassumption,theydidfindahandfulofhabitsthatmakeadifference,suchasreadingaloudtoyoungkids(fewerthanhalfofwhomarereadtodaily)andtalkingwithteenagersaboutcollegeplans.Buttheseinterventionsdon'ttakeplaceatschoolorinthepresenceofteachers,wherepolicymakershavethemostinfluence-theytakeplaceathome.Comment1suggestsparentsshouldleavetheirchildrenkidsshouldbekidsafterparentsmayinfluencechildren'spersistentparentalinvolvementisaThewriterofComment2wouldprobablyagreehighinligencedoesnotguaranteegettingreadyforcollegeisanemotionalsocialmaturityissufficienttoachievesuccessinhighschoolisoftenboringintheWhichofthefollowingparentalhelpswillthewriterofComment3considerproper?Reviewingkids'forMonitoringkids'classAssistingkidsintheirMakingsurekidshavefinishedtheirworkPartIVCloze(10points)Directions:Inthispart,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Foreachblanktherearefourchoicesmarked,A,B,C,andD.ChoosethebestanswerforeachblankandmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.Ironically,astudyfindsthatwe’reawfulgift-giverspreciselybecausewespendtoomuchtimetryingtobeconsiderate.Weimagineourfriends46agiftthatisimpressive,expensive,andsentimental.Weimaginethelookofhappinessandsurpriseontheirfacesandthewarmthwefeel.47.Butthere’ssomethingthatthemostsentimental-gift-giverstendnottothinktoomuchabout:48thegiftispracticalinthefirstplace.49,practicalityseemslikeanenemyofgreatgiftgiving.Beautifuljewelry,lovelywatches,perfectrugs,finelycraftedkitchenhardware:Thesethings50greatgiftsbecausetheycommunicatesomething municatethatthegivercares.Butdothereceiverscare?Often,no."Giftreceiverswouldbe51ifgiversgavethemexactlywhattheyrequested52.attemptingtobe'thoughtfulandconsiderate'bybuyinggiftstheydidnotexplicitlyrequest"tosurprisethem,theresearcherswrite.Theircleverpaperasksgiversandreceiversto53giftsfromtwos:desirability(e.g.thecostofacoffeemaker)andfeasibility(e.g.the54ofthecoffeemaker).Acrossseveralexperiments,theyfindthatgiversconsistentlygivegiftsbasedondesirabilityandreceivers55favorgiftsbasedonfeasibility.A.toopenB.openingC.haveopenedD.A. B.inturnC.inplaceD.inA.WhetherB.WhenC.WhyD.A.TobesureB.TosumupC.InmanywaysD.InmanyA.workoutB.leadtoC.makeforD.takeup51.A.happierB.moresurprisedC.happyD.surprised52.A.regardlessofB.ratherthanC.astoD.butfor53.A.decideB.classify