2023届高考英语二轮复习完形填空分类训练：说明文作业含答案

完形填空Expressiveartstherapyisaformoftherapythatusesdance,drama,music,poetry,andarttoenhanceone'soverallwell－being.Theartsareusedtoletgo,__1__andtorelease.Peoplehavebeenusingtheartsastoolsfor__2__formanycenturies.Intheearly1940'sexpressiveartstherapybecameformally__3__andhassinceprovidedmeaningfultherapeutic__4__forpeopleofallagesinavarietyoftreatmentsettings.Thereisnorightorwrongwayintheartsandclientsareencouragedtobe__5__withself－expression.Expressiveartstherapyfocusesonthe__6__ofmakingartandexploring__7__thepiecemeanstotheindividual,__8__thefinalproduct.Throughthearts,peoplecan__9__ideasandfeelingsthatmaybehardtoputintowords,suchasnegativememoriesandstress.Ithasbeen__10__thatuseoftheartscanhelppeopledevelopsocialskills,__11__anxiety,managebehavior,andincreaseself－confidence.Afreeformofexpressionmakesclients__12__oftheirownworkbyreducingtheneedtocomparethemselvestoothers,anunfortunateproblemseentoday.Expressiveartstherapistsareprofessionally__13__.Anyonecanbeanexpressivearttherapistprovidedthattheygettheappropriatetraining.Knowledgeinpsychologyis__14__toalltraining,butfromtheretraining__15__includesgettingamaster'sdegreeincounselingwithspecializedinstructioninimplementing(实施)theart,music,poetry,anddance/movementtherapeutically.Someprofessionalsextendtheir__16__andobtainaPhDinexpressivetherapy.__17__expressiveartstherapyisunique,theclinicalgoalis__18__toothermentalhealthprofessions.This__19__istofacilitateclients'growthand__20__change.1．A．admit B．express C．examine D．trust2．A．explaining B．proving C．healing D．judging3．A．recognized B．relieved C．affected D．controlled4．A．results B．experiences C．causes D．questions5．A．angry B．bored C．strict D．free6．A．secret B．technique C．difficulty D．process7．A．when B．which C．what D．where8．A．asto B．orrather C．ratherthan D．otherthan9．A．communicate B．produce C．reject D．test10．A．offered B．shown C．guided D．driven11．A．create B．feel C．reduce D．recall12．A．tired B．proud C．afraid D．unaware13．A．hired B．served C．awarded D．trained14．A．basic B．enough C．impossible D．strange15．A．finally B．typically C．luckily D．hardly16．A．visit B．life C．education D．money17．A．If B．Although C．Unless D．Since18．A．unequal B．friendly C．known D．similar19．A．goal B．profession C．clinic D．theory20．A．unwelcome B．seasonal C．positive D．culturalTheU.S.DepartmentofHealthandHumanServicesrecommendsthatadultsdoatleast150minutesofmoderatetohigher-intensityphysicalactivityeachweek,anditshouldbein____21____ofatleast10minuteseachforsubstantialhealthbenefits,whichhasledmanyto____22____abouttheinefficacyofbriefactivities.Whypeopletaketwominutesgoingupthestairsifmorethan10minutesis____23____tomakeitworthwhileforhealth?Butnowastudysuggestssomethingelse:goahead,takethestairs!Everyminute____24____towardreachingthe150-minutegoal,whetherit’spartofa10-minuteperiodofactivityornot.ThepurposeofthestudyconductedattheUniversityofUtahwastoseeifmoderatetovigorousphysicalactivityinlessthan10-minuteepisodeswas____25____toweightoutcomes.Thestudy,publishedintheAmericanJournalofHealthPromotion,foundthateachminutespent____26____insomekindofmoderatetovigorousphysicalactivity—beitwalkingthedog,vacuuming,ortakingthestairs—wasassociatedwithlowerBMIandlowerweight.“Theideahereis,youcandoaminuteatatimeandthat’snotaproblem,”JessieFan,leadauthorofthenewpaperandafamilyandconsumerstudiesprofessorattheUniversityofUtah,toldToday.Forthewomenwhoparticipatedinthestudy,eachminutespentinhigher-intensityactivitywasassociatedwitha0.7dropinbodymassindex(BMI).Fora5'4"woman,thatmeansa____27____ofnearlyhalfapound,whichmaynotsoundlikemuch,butthat’sjustforoneminute.Littlebylittle,theyaddup.Theauthorsconcludedthatthecurrent10-minute____28____guidelinewasbasedonhealthbenefitsotherthanweightoutcomesandthattheirfindingsshowedthatforweightgain____29____,accumulatedhigher-intensityphysicalactivityboutsoflessthan10minutesarequite____30____,supportingthemessagethat“everyminutecounts.”Whenitcomestoyourbrain,italsoringstrue.AnApril2019studyinJamaNetworkOpenlookedathowexerciseaffectedthebrain,andevenshortbursts____31____22%greaterbrainvolume.“Ourstudyresultsdon’t____32____moderateorvigorousphysicalactivityasbeingimportantforhealthyageing.Wearejustaddingtothescience,____33____thatlight-intensityphysicalactivitymightbeimportanttoo,especiallyforthebrain,”Dr.NicoleSpartarno,firstauthorofthestudyfromBostonUniversitysaid.“Ithinkit’seasierforpeopleto____34____thatmessage,”Fansays.“Otherwise,iftheydon’thaveablockoftimetheymightbe____35____,andtheydon’tdoanything.”21．A．figures B．bursts C．turns D．cheers22．A．wonder B．suppose C．believe D．wish23．A．alerted B．subjected C．required D．committed24．A．refers B．impresses C．reveals D．matters25．A．opposed B．related C．switched D．exposed26．A．devoting B．adapting C．exposing D．engaging27．A．loss B．gain C．accumulation D．push28．A．possibility B．activity C．capacity D．responsibility29．A．damaging B．protection C．prevention D．hurting30．A．infectious B．comfortable C．harmful D．beneficial31．A．resultedin B．arosefrom C．cameout D．gavein32．A．exaggerate B．discount C．describe D．regard33．A．addressing B．referring C．suggesting D．mentioning34．A．process B．select C．store D．ignore35．A．deprived B．disappointed C．depressed D．discouragedSciencemayneverknowthesecretstomemoriesoftheCaliforniaseahare,afoot-longseasnail.Butaresearchteamclaimtohavemadeprogressin___36___thesimplestkindofmemoryamollusk(软体动物)mightform,and,withaswiftinjection,managedto___37___oneseasnail’smemorytoanother.Thekindsofmemoriesthatstartadefensivereactioninthesnailsareencodednotinthe___38___betweenbraincells,butinRNAmolecules(分子),accordingtoDavidGlanzman,abiologistatUCLA．To___39___theidea,GlanzmanimplantedwiresintothetailsofCaliforniaseaharesandgavethemaseriesofelectricshocks.Theproceduremadetheanimalsso___40___thatwhentheyweretouched,theycontractedpartsoftheirbodiesintensely.Glanzmancomparesthereactiontobeingnervousafteranearthquake:thememoryoftheeventcausesa(n)___41___responsetoanyloudnoise.Aftersensitizingtheseasnails,GlanzmantookRNAoutfromthemand___42___itintonewseasnailstoseewhatwouldhappen.Hethenfoundthenewonesare___43___sensitized,suggestingthe“memory”oftheelectricalshockshadbeentransplanted.AccordingtoGlanzmanandhisresearchteam,theexperimentshowsthat___44___partsofthememorytraceareheldinRNA,ratherthanintheconnectivityofbraincells.However,theworkhasnotyetfoundwidespread____45____.“Furtherworkneedstobecarriedouttodeterminewhetherthesephenomenaareobviousandwhatisthe____46____ofsuchphenomena,”saidProfVannatCardiffUniversity.“Whileaseasnailisafantasticmodel,wemustbevery____47____indrawingcomparisonstohumanmemoryprocesses,whicharemuchmorecomplex.”TomásRyanatTrinityCollegeDublin,is____48____.“Thisworktakesusdownaninterestingroad,butIhavedoubtaboutitandIdon’tthinkthey’vetransplantedamemory,”hesaid.“Thisworktellsmethatmaybethemostbasicbehavioralresponsesinvolvesomekindofchangeintheanimal.”____49____,Ryanaddedthatsuchcreativethinkingaboutmemorywasingreatneed:“Inafieldfullofacceptancebutlacking____50____,weneedasmanynewideasaspossible.”36．A．deleting B．disturbing C．refreshing D．understanding37．A．transfer B．adjust C．compare D．relate38．A．connections B．conflicts C．secrets D．distances39．A．promote B．test C．eliminate D．impose40．A．sensitive B．adaptable C．strong D．relaxed41．A．necessary B．peaceful C．unconscious D．impossible42．A．plunged B．invested C．translated D．injected43．A．crazily B．dangerously C．scarcely D．equally44．A．optional B．essential C．memorial D．virtual45．A．association B．recognition C．innovation D．publication46．A．depth B．application C．basis D．description47．A．imaginative B．careful C．ambitious D．speedy48．A．supported B．persuaded C．unappreciated D．unconvinced49．A．Nevertheless B．Eventually C．Forexample D．Asaresult50．A．expression B．likelihood C．suspicion D．disturbanceAnyonecouldbeinhisorherunfavorablesituations,whatevertheiragesandsocialstatus.Adultsareoften___51___askingforhelp.It’sanactthatcanmakepeoplefeel___52___.Themomentyouaskfordirections,afterall，yourevealthatyoumaybelost.Seekingsomeone’sassistancecanmakeyoufeellikeyouarebroadcastingyour___53___.Newresearchsuggestsyoungchildrendon’tseek___54___inschool,evenwhentheyneedit,forthesamereason.Tolearnmoreabouthowchildrenthinkaboutlookingforhelp,weasked576children,agedfourtonine,topredictthe___55___oftwokidsinastory.Oneofthecharactersgenuinelywantedtobesmart,andtheothermerelywantedtoseemsmarttoothers.Childrenthoughtthatthekidwhowantedtoseemsmartwouldbe___56___toaskforassistance.Theycouldstillconceiveof(想象)situationsinwhichthekidwhowantedtoseemsmartwouldseekhelp:whenassistancecouldbesought___57___(onacomputerratherthaninperson),childrenthoughtbothcharacterswereequallylikelytoaskforit.Wealsofoundthattheyrecognizeseveralmorebehaviorsthatmightmakeachildappearlesscleverinfrontoffellowkids,suchas___58___failureormodestlydownplayingsuccesses.Childrenarethereforestronglyawareofseveralwaysinwhichaperson'sactionsmightmakethemappearless___59___intheeyesofothers.However,anumberof___60___canbefoundtohelpchildren.Ourfirst___61___maybetomotivateseekinghelpbyemphasizingitseducationalbenefits.But___62___barrierslikelyrequirereputation-basedsolutions.Forexample,instructorscouldcreateactivitiesinwhicheachstudentbecomesan“expert”onadifferenttopic,andthenchildrenmustaskoneanotherforhelptomasterallofthematerial.Ifseekinghelpisunderstoodasa(n)___63___classroomactivity,kidsmaybelesslikelytothinkofitasindicative(表明)ofone’sability.Seekinghelpcouldevenbeframedas___64___desirable.Afterall,askingforhelpoftenbenefitsnotjustthehelpseekerbutalsootherslisteninginwhohave___65___questionsorstruggles.51．A．delightedwith B．readyfor C．seriousabout D．embarrassedabout52．A．impersonal B．sensitive C．helpless D．desperate53．A．incapability B．enthusiasm C．generosity D．friendliness54．A．protection B．individuality C．assistance D．personality55．A．behavior B．intelligence C．success D．capability56．A．ready B．unlikely C．comfortable D．desperate57．A．separately B．moderately C．purposefully D．privately58．A．admitting B．neglecting C．avoiding D．underestimating59．A．friendly B．smart C．independent D．reliable60．A．theories B．reasons C．solutions D．researches61．A．mission B．advice C．instinct D．barrier62．A．instructive B．decisive C．intellectual D．reputational63．A．ordinary B．vivid C．achievable D．virtual64．A．personally B．mentally C．potentially D．socially65．A．dominant B．similar C．complex D．originalAgainstallourwishes,advertisingworks,whichiswhy,eveninhardeconomictimes,MadisonAvenueisa$34-billion-a-yearbusiness.AndifMartinLindstrom,amarketingconsultantiscorrect,tryingto___66___theadvertisementisabouttogetespeciallyhard.83%ofallformsofadvertisingprincipally___67___onlyoneofoursenses:sight.Hearing,however,canbejustaspowerful,thoughadvertisershavetakenonlylimitedadvantageofit.Historically,adshavereliedonslogans(广告语)tocatchourear,___68___everydaysounds—asteaksizzling(发嘶嘶声),ababylaughingandothersoundswecan'thelppayingattentionto.Weavetheseeverydaysoundsintoanadcampaignandwecustomersmaybe___69___toresistthem.AccordingtoLindstrom,theeverydaysoundthatismostimpressive,bothintermsofinterestand___70___feelings,isababylaughing.Theotherhigh-rankingsoundsarealsopowerful—thesoundofacarengineorasodabeingpoured.Inallofthesecases,itdoesn’tneedanexperiencedadvertisementdesignertoinventthesounds,associatethemwithmeaningsandthenplaythemoverandoveruntilthesubjects___71___them.Rather,theeverydaysoundsalreadyhavemeaningsandthuscancauseakindof___72___:hunger,thirstorhappyexpectation.SomeTVadshavealreadygivenviewersclose-upshotsofmeatwithsizzlingsounds.Andretailersare___73___.Lindstromisnowconsultingwithclients,intendingtopipethesoundoffilteringcoffeeorfizzingsodaintothedrinkdepartmentorthatofababylaughingsoundintothebaby-foodsection.Ofcourse,thisdoesn’tmeanthatadvertiserscanjustpresstheaudiobutton___74___andconsumerswillcomeeagerly.Indeed,sometimescustomersflee.Intheearlyyearsofcell-phoneuse,theringtone(铃音)ofafamouscellphonebrandwasrecognizedbymanypeopleintheU.K.,butsoonitbecamewidely____75____.That,Lindstromsays,waspartlybecausesofewusersobservedcell-phonemannersand____76____accidentskepthappeninginplaceslikemovietheaters.Thecomputerstart-upsoundhastakenonthesimilarlynegative____77____,becausepeoplesooftenhearitwhenthey’rerestartingthecomputerafterit____78____.Inthesecases,manufacturersthemselvesmayaswellrevisethebothersomesoundor____79____itentirely.Lindstrom'sexperimentalsoshowsthatpeoplerespondtoasoundbetterwhenit’s____80____.Ifnothingelse,smartmarketersmayatleastkeepthevolumelow.66．A．tuneout B．admitto C．dependon D．takeover67．A．evaluate B．spoil C．engage D．portray68．A．classifying B．ignoring C．challenging D．representing69．A．sensible B．selfish C．powerless D．pleasant70．A．hollow B．positive C．violent D．foreign71．A．infer B．reject C．internalize D．perform72．A．consumption B．reaction C．favor D．spread73．A．followingsuit B．coolingdown C．losingheart D．takingrisks74．A．onguard B．withease C．underway D．inreality75．A．disliked B．observed C．represented D．enveloped76．A．objective B．temporary C．mysterious D．annoying77．A．association B．agreement C．tip D．symptom78．A．responded B．revived C．crashed D．persisted79．A．replace B．rescue C．balance D．refund80．A．optional B．random C．specific D．Faint参考答案：1．B2．C3．A4．B5．D6．D7．C8．C9．A10．B11．C12．B13．D14．A15．B16．C17．B18．D19．A20．C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了在心理学上，表达性艺术治疗借助舞蹈、戏剧、音乐、绘画等方式，把内心的真实状况表达出来，从而达到心理治疗的目的。1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：艺术是用来放手、表达和释放的。A.admit承认；B.express表达；C.examine检查；D.trust信任。根据空前的“Expressiveartstherapyisaformoftherapythatusesdance,drama,music,poetry,andarttoenhanceone'soverallwell－being.”（表达艺术疗法是一种利用舞蹈、戏剧、音乐、诗歌和艺术来增强人的整体健康的治疗形式。）可知，艺术是被用来表达的。故选B。2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个世纪以来，人们一直把艺术作为治疗的工具。A.explaining解释；B.proving证明；C.healing治愈；D.judging判断。根据前文“Expressiveartstherapyisaformoftherapy”可知，艺术是作为治愈的工具。故选C。3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在20世纪40年代早期，表达艺术疗法被正式认可，并从那时起在各种治疗环境中为所有年龄层的人提供了有意义的治疗体验。A.recognized认可；B.relieved宽慰；C.affected影响；D.controlled控制。根据后文的“hassinceprovidedmeaningfultherapeutic___4___forpeopleofallagesinavarietyoftreatmentsettings.”可知在20世纪40年代早期，表达性艺术治疗被正式认可，自此以后，该治疗手法就给各类人提供了重要的治疗体验经历。故选A。4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.results结果；B.experiences经历；C.causes原因；D.questions问题。根据前文的“Intheearly1940'sexpressiveartstherapybecameformally

___3___”可知，早在在20世纪40年代早期，表达性艺术治疗被正式认可自此以后，该治疗手法就给各类人提供了重要的治疗体验经历。故选B。5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：艺术没有对错之分，我们鼓励客户自由地表达自我。A.angry生气的；B.bored无聊的；C.strict严格的；D.free自由的。根据下文的“Afreeformofexpressionmakesclients___12___oftheirownworkbyreducingtheneedtocomparethemselvestoothers,anunfortunateproblemseentoday.”可知，表达性艺术治疗鼓励人们自由地表达自我，并没有对错之分。故选D。6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：表达艺术疗法关注的是艺术创作的过程，探索作品对个人的意义，而不是最终产品。A.secret秘密；B.technique技术；C.difficulty困难；D.process过程。根据空后的“thefinalproduct”可知，表达性艺术治疗注重创作艺术的过程，注重作品对于个人的意义所在，而非最终的作品。故选D。7．考查宾语从句引导词辨析。句意：同上。A.when什么时候；B.which哪一个；C.what什么；D.where哪儿。根据句子结构可知，设空处引导的宾语从句中means后缺少宾语。选项中只有what能作宾语，意为“什么”。故选C。8．考查短语辨析。句意：同上。A.asto对于；B.orrather更确切的说；C.ratherthan而不是；D.otherthan除了。根据前文的“Expressiveartstherapyfocusesonthe___6___ofmakingartandexploring___7___thepiecemeanstotheindividual,”可知，表达艺术疗法强调的不是最终产品而是注重创作艺术的过程。故选C。9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过艺术，人们可以交流难以用语言表达的想法和感受，比如负面记忆和压力。A.communicate交流，表达；B.produce生产；C.reject拒绝；D.test测试。根据设空后的“behardtoputintowords”可知，通过表达性艺术治疗，人们可以将那些无法诉诸语言的想法和情感表达出来，进而交流。故选A。10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，使用艺术可以帮助人们发展社交技能，减少焦虑，管理行为，增加自信。A.offered提供；B.shown展示；C.guided指导；D.driven驱使。根据空后的“thatuseoftheartscanhelppeopledevelopsocialskills,___11___anxiety,managebehavior,andincreaseself－confidence.”可知运用表达性艺术治疗能够带来诸多好处，这是研究表明的内容。故选B。11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.create创造；B.feel感觉；C.reduce减少；D.recall回忆。根据“managebehavior,andincreaseself－confidence.”可知此处介绍的是运用表达性艺术治疗能够带来诸多好处。故应该是减少焦虑。故选C。12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：自由的表达方式减少了与他人比较的需求，从而使客户对自己的作品感到自豪。A.tired疲劳的；B.proud骄傲的；C.afraid害怕的；D.unaware不知道的。根据后文的“byreducingtheneedtocomparethemselvestoothers,”可知，自由的表达方式减少了与别人的对比，让人们对自己的作品感到自豪。故选B。13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：表现艺术治疗师是经过专业培训的。A.hired雇佣；B.served服务；C.awarded奖励；D.trained培训。根据后文的“thattheygettheappropriatetraining.”可知艺术治疗师是经过专业培训的。故选D。14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：心理学知识是所有培训的基础，但从那里开始的培训通常包括获得咨询硕士学位，在实施艺术、音乐、诗歌和舞蹈/运动治疗方面的专门指导。A.basic基本的；B.enough足够的；C.impossible不可能的；D.strange奇怪的。根据下文的“butfromtheretraining

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includesgettingamaster'sdegreeincounselingwithspecializedinstructioninimplementing(实施)theart,music,poetry,anddance/movementtherapeutically.”可知心理学知识是所有培训的基本内容。故选A。15．考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.finally最终地；B.typically典型地；C.luckily幸运地；D.hardly几乎不。根据“gettingamaster'sdegreeincounselingwithspecializedinstructioninimplementing(实施)theart,music,poetry,anddance/movementtherapeutically.”即列出的培训内容可知，这些都是比较有典型意义的培训内容，故选B。16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些专业人士继续深造，获得表达疗法的博士学位。A.visit拜访；B.life生活；C.education教育；D.money钱。空后的“obtainaPhDinexpressivetherapy”可知，一些专家扩展教育内容。故选C。17．考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管表达艺术疗法是独特的，但其临床目标与其他心理健康专业相似。A.if如果；B.although尽管；C.unless除非；D.since自从。根据句意，前后构成的是让步关系，句中的unique与后文的similar构成让步转折。故选B。18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.unequal不平等的；B.friendly友好的；C.known已知的；D.similar相似的。根据前文的“

___17___expressiveartstherapyisunique”可知，虽然表达性艺术治疗很独特，但是临床目标与其他的心理健康行业是相似的。故选D。19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的目标是促进客户的成长和积极的改变。A.goal目标；B.profession职业；C.clinic诊所；D.theory理论。根据前文的“theclinicalgoalis

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toothermentalhealthprofessions.”可知是临床目标。故选A。20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.unwelcome不欢迎的；B.seasonal季节的；C.positive积极的；D.cultural文化的。根据前文“growth”可知，临床目标是促进客户的成长和积极的改变。故选C。21．B22．A23．C24．D25．B26．D27．A28．B29．C30．D31．A32．B33．C34．A35．D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。美国卫生与公众服务部建议成年人每周至少进行150分钟的中强度至高强度的体育活动，并且每次应该有至少10分钟的爆发性运动，以获得实质性的健康益处，这导致许多人疑惑短暂体能活是无效的，因此可能放弃运动。犹他大学进行的一项研究表明，目前的10分钟运动指南是基于健康益处而不是体重结果，要预防体重增加，累计的少于10分钟的高强度运动爆发也是非常有效的，每分钟的运动都很重要。21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：美国卫生与公众服务部建议成年人每周至少进行150分钟的中强度至高强度的体育活动，并且每次应该有至少10分钟的爆发性运动，以获得实质性的健康益处，这导致许多人疑惑短暂体能活是无效的。A.figures

数字；B.bursts爆发；C.turns转动；D.cheers欢呼。根据下文“Whenitcomestoyourbrain,italsoringstrue.AnApril2019studyinJamaNetworkOpenlookedathowexerciseaffectedthebrain,andevenshortbursts1122%greaterbrainvolume.(2019年4月发表在《JamaNetworkOpen》上的一项研究研究了运动如何影响大脑，即使是短暂的爆发也能使脑容量增加22%。)”可知，bursts为复现词，意为“爆发”。故选B项。22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：美国卫生与公众服务部建议成年人每周至少进行150分钟的中度至高强度的身体活动，并且每次应该有至少10分钟的爆发性运动，以获得实质性的健康益处，这导致许多人疑惑短暂体能活是无效的。A.wonder琢磨，疑惑；B.suppose假设；C.believe相信；D.wish愿望。根据下文“Whypeopletaketwominutesgoingupthestairsifmorethan10minutesis3tomakeitworthwhileforhealth?(如果爬楼梯这项运动需要花10多分钟时间才有助于健康，为什么人们花两分钟上楼梯？)”可知，对于“人们花两分钟上楼梯”这个短暂的体能运动，人们对其效果产生了质疑？此处考查动词短语wonderabout，意为“对……感到奇怪；对……感到疑惑”。故选A项。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果爬楼梯这项运动需要花10多分钟时间才有助于健康，为什么人们花两分钟上楼梯？A.alerted使警觉；B.subjected使经受；C.required要求；D.committed投入。根据下文“Thestudy,publishedintheAmericanJournalofHealthPromotion,foundthateachminutespent6insomekindofmoderatetovigorousphysicalactivity—beitwalkingthedog,vacuuming,ortakingthestairs—wasassociatedwithlowerBMIandlowerweight.(这项发表在《美国健康促进杂志》上的研究发现，从事某种中强度到高强度的体育活动的每一分钟——遛狗、吸尘或走楼梯——都与较低的BMI和较低的体重有关。)”可知，爬楼梯属于中强度到高强度的体育活动；上文“anditshouldbein1ofatleast10minuteseachforsubstantialhealthbenefits,(并且每次应该有至少10分钟的爆发性运动，以获得实质性的健康益处)”可知，爬楼梯这种强度的运动，“需要（required）”进行10多分钟才有效果，有助于健康。故选C项。24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对达成150分钟的目标来说，每一分钟都很重要，无论它是否是属于那个10分钟（爆发运动）时间的一部分。A.refers提及；B.impresses留下深刻印象；C.reveals揭示；D.matters要紧，有关系。根据下文“Theauthorsconcludedthatthecurrent10-minute8guidelinewasbasedonhealthbenefitsotherthanweightoutcomesandthattheirfindingsshowedthatforweightgain9,accumulatedhigher-intensityphysicalactivityboutsoflessthan10minutesarequite10,supportingthemessagethat‘everyminutecounts’.(作者的结论是，目前的10分钟运动指南是基于健康益处而不是体重结果，他们的研究结果表明，要预防体重增加，累计的少于10分钟的高强度运动爆发非常有效，这支持了“每分钟都很重要”的观点)”，此句中的everyminutecounts，此句为复现句。故选D项。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这项在犹他大学进行的研究的目的是看看在少于10分钟的时间内进行中强度到高强度的体育活动是否与体重结果相关。A.opposed反对；B.related相关；C.switched开关；D.exposed暴露。根据下一句“Thestudy,publishedintheAmericanJournalofHealthPromotion,foundthateachminutespent6insomekindofmoderatetovigorousphysicalactivity—beitwalkingthedog,vacuuming,ortakingthestairs—wasassociatedwithlowerBMIandlowerweight.(这项发表在《美国健康促进杂志》上的研究发现，从事某种中强度到高强度的体育活动的每一分钟——遛狗、吸尘或走楼梯——都与较低的BMI和较低的体重有关。)”，其中的wasassociatedwith，与berelatedto意思相近。故选B项。26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这项发表在《美国健康促进杂志》上的研究发现，从事某种中强度到高强度的体育活动的每一分钟——遛狗、吸尘或走楼梯——都与较低的BMI和较低的体重有关。A.devoting奉献；B.adapting适应；C.exposing揭露；D.engaging参与。根据空后“insomekindofmoderatetovigorousphysicalactivity”，应用engaging，动词短语engagein...，意为“从事，参加”，其他三项应与to连用。故选D项。27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于身高5英尺4英寸的女性来说，这意味着减掉了近半磅，听起来可能不多，但这只是一分钟。A.loss损失，减少；B.gain获得；C.accumulation累积；D.push推动。根据上文“Thestudy,publishedintheAmericanJournalofHealthPromotion,foundthateachminutespent6insomekindofmoderatetovigorousphysicalactivity—beitwalkingthedog,vacuuming,ortakingthestairs—wasassociatedwithlowerBMIandlowerweight.(这项发表在《美国健康促进杂志》上的研究发现，从事某种中强度到高强度的体育活动的每一分钟——遛狗、吸尘或走楼梯——都与较低的BMI和较低的体重有关。)”中的lowerweight可知，运动有减体重效果，loss符合语境。故选A项。28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作者得出结论：现行的10分钟运动指南是基于健康益处而不是体重结果，他们的研究结果表明，要预防体重增加，累计的少于10分钟的高强度运动爆发非常有效，这支持了“每分钟都很重要”的观点。A.possibility可能性；B.activity活动；C.capacity能力；D.responsibility责任。根据上文“TheU.S.DepartmentofHealthandHumanServicesrecommendsthatadultsdoatleast150minutesofmoderatetohigher-intensityphysicalactivityeachweek,anditshouldbein1ofatleast10minuteseachforsubstantialhealthbenefits,...(美国卫生与公众服务部建议成年人每周至少进行150分钟的中强度至高强度的体育活动，并且每次应该有至少10分钟的爆发性运动，以获得实质性的健康益处)”可知，文章提及的10分钟时间是指“体育活动（activity）”时间，故选B项。29．考查动词和名词词义辨析。句意：作者的结论是，目前的10分钟运动指南是基于健康益处而不是体重结果，他们的研究结果表明，要预防体重增加，累计的少于10分钟的高强度运动爆发非常有效，这支持了“每分钟都很重要”的观点。A.damaging伤害；B.protection保护；C.prevention预防；D.hurting使疼痛。根据句中的weightoutcomes，以及上文“Thestudy,publishedintheAmericanJournalofHealthPromotion,foundthateachminutespent6insomekindofmoderatetovigorousphysicalactivity—beitwalkingthedog,vacuuming,ortakingthestairs—wasassociatedwithlowerBMIandlowerweight.(这项发表在《美国健康促进杂志》上的研究发现，从事某种中强度到高强度的体育活动的每一分钟——遛狗、吸尘或走楼梯——都与较低的BMI和较低的体重有关。)”可知，研究关注的一个问题是：10分钟高强度运动与较低的体重有无关系，即能否减肥，退一步说，能否有“预防（prevention）”体重增加的功效。故选C项。30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作者的结论是，目前的10分钟运动指南是基于健康益处而不是体重结果，他们的研究结果表明，要预防体重增加，累计的少于10分钟的高强度运动爆发非常有效，这支持了“每分钟都很重要”的观点。A.infectious感染性；B.comfortable舒适的；C.harmful有害的；D.beneficial有益的。根据后半句“supportingthemessagethat‘everyminutecounts.’”可知，每分钟都重要，说明高强度运动哪怕不满10分钟，也能对人“受益的（beneficial）”。故选D项。31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：2019年4月发表在《JamaNetworkOpen》上的一项研究研究了运动如何影响大脑，即使是短暂的爆发也能使脑容量增加22%。A.resultedin导致；B.arosefrom由……引起；C.cameout出来；D.gavein屈服。根据上文“accumulatedhigher-intensityphysicalactivityboutsoflessthan10minutesarequite10,supportingthemessagethat“everyminutecounts.(累计的少于10分钟的高强度运动爆发非常有效，这支持了‘每分钟都很重要’的观点。)”可知，短暂的爆发式的运动还有益于大脑，能“导致（resultedin）”脑容量的增加。故选A项。32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的研究结果并没有低估中强度或高强度的体育活动对健康老龄的重要性。A.exaggerate夸大；B.discount认为……不重要，低估；C.describe描述；D.regard尊重。根据有一句“Wearejustaddingtothescience,13thatlight-intensityphysicalactivitymightbeimportanttoo,especiallyforthebrain（我们正要（把它）加到这科学知识中，这表明轻度的体育活动可能也很重要，尤其是对大脑。)”可知，研究者发现轻度的体育活动“也很重要（importanttoo）”，表明研究者认为中强度或高强度的体育活动跟轻度的体育活动的重要性是同等的，没有“低估（discount）”后两者。故选B项。33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这项研究的第一作者，波士顿大学的NicoleSpartarno博士说:“我们正要（把它）加到这科学知识中，这表明轻度的体育活动可能也很重要，尤其是对大脑。”A.addressing解决；B.referring提及；C.suggesting表明；D.mentioning提及。根据句中的“arejustaddingtothescience”，研究者要把这次研究的发现加入到现行的运动科学中，这足以“表明（suggesting）”轻度体育活动对健康的重要性。故选C项。34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：范说:“我认为人们更容易处理那个信息。……”A.process审阅，处理；B.select选择；C.store存储；D.ignore忽略。根据上句“whichhasledmanyto2abouttheinefficacyofbriefactivities.（这导致许多人疑惑短暂体能活动是无效的)”，“theirfindingsshowedthatforweightgain9,accumulatedhigher-intensityphysicalactivityboutsoflessthan10minutesarequite10,supportingthemessagethat‘everyminutecounts.’(他们的研究结果表明，要预防体重增加，累计的少于10分钟的高强度运动爆发非常有效，这支持了‘每分钟都很重要’的观点。)”，下文“Otherwise,iftheydon’thaveablockoftimetheymightbe15,andtheydon’tdoanything.(否则，如果他们没有一块时间（去锻炼），他们可能会感到心灰意冷，就什么运动都不做了。)”可知，人们会对他们的研究结果进行“处理（process）”分析，并以此来决定自己要不要锻炼。故选A项。35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：否则，如果他们没有一块时间（去锻炼），他们可能会感到心灰意冷，就什么都不做了。A.deprived丧失的；B.disappointed失望的；C.depressed抑郁的；D.discouraged心灰意冷的。根据第一段的“TheU.S.DepartmentofHealthandHumanServicesrecommendsthatadultsdoatleast150minutesofmoderatetohigher-intensityphysicalactivityeachweek,anditshouldbein1ofatleast10minuteseachforsubstantialhealthbenefits,whichhasledmanyto2abouttheinefficacyofbriefactivities.(美国卫生与公众服务部建议成年人每周至少进行150分钟的中强度至高强度的体育活动，并且每次应该有至少10分钟的爆发性运动，以获得实质性的健康益处，这导致许多人疑惑短暂体能活动是无效的。)”，以及“Theauthorsconcludedthatthecurrent10-minute8guidelinewasbasedonhealthbenefitsotherthanweightoutcomesandthattheirfindingsshowedthatforweightgain9,accumulatedhigher-intensityphysicalactivityboutsoflessthan10minutesarequite10,supportingthemessagethat“everyminutecounts.”(作者得出结论：现行的10分钟运动指南是基于健康益处而不是体重结果，他们的研究结果表明，要预防体重增加，累计的少于10分钟的高强度运动爆发非常有效，这支持了‘每分钟都很重要’的观点。)”可知，当权威部门只强调10分钟以上的中强度和高强度的体育运动有益健康时，而不告知大家其实少于10分钟的高强度锻炼也有益，每一分钟的锻炼都很重要，人们会因为自己无法抽出10分钟以上的时间段做锻炼，因“心灰意冷的（discouraged）”而放弃任何锻炼。故选D项。36．D37．A38．A39．B40．