高一英语预科罗老师学案 七

尚书苑罗征老师学案（七）天外飞仙高一英语预科PAGEPAGE16Canyoucanacanasacannercancanacan?高一北师大版学案系列5Unit5Rhythmhaveaneffect/effectson。。。对。。。有影响come/gointoeffecttakeeffectput/bring/oeffectsideeffectgreenhouseeffectineffecte.g.Itwillbeafewminutesbeforethedrugsstarttotakeeffect______________________________________________________e.g.Weneedtoraiseatleast＄50000toputourplansintoeffect.__________________________________________________________2．beusedas被当做。。。来用beusedfor被用来做。。。be/get/becomeusedto(doing)sth.=beaccustomedto(doing)sth.usedtodo=woulddobeusedtodosth.e.g.I’musedtodealingwithmattersofthissort。______________________________________________________e.g.We’reeatingoutmoreoftenthanweusedto.__________________________________________________e.g.Thismaterialisusedtomakepaper.__________________________________________________e.g.Thismachineisusedforcuttingbooks.__________________________________________________e.g.Myparentsusethehouseasaholidayhotel.3.impressvt.impressionn.beimpressedwith/by/at…impresssth.onsb.=impresssb.withsth.create/make/leavean/noimpressiononsb./sth.e.g.Wewereverymuchimpressedbyherperformance.e.g.Myfatherimpressedonmethevalueofhardwork.=Myfatherimpressedmewiththevalueofhardwork.e.g.Youshoulddoeverythingproperlysothatyoucanmakeagood______onthehost.A.expressionB.impressionC.suggestionD.binevt.(使)联合，（使）结合combinationn.组合，结合combinesth.with/andsth.把。。。与。。。结合combineagainststh.合起来反对incombinationwithsb./sth.与。。。在一起e.g.Dietsaremosteffectivewhencombinedwithexercise.节食与运动相结合才会更有效。5.inotherwords换句话说，换言之e.g.Hiswifeismydaughter,inotherwords,Iamhismother-in-law.他妻子是我女儿，换句话说，我是他岳母。inawordwordcamethathaveawordwithhavewordswith…keep/breakone’swordinwordse.g.Inaword,Ithinkyoushouldreturnthebookontime.e.g.Iwanttohaveawordwithyouabouttheproblem.e.g.WordcamethatLiNawonthegame.6.representvt.代表；表示，象征；描述，描绘；主张；声称representsb.tobe/as…宣称某人为。。。representsth.tosb.向某人说明某事represent…as…把。。。描述成。。。e.g.Herepresenthimselfas/tobeafriendoftheworkers.他声称自己是工人的朋友。representiven.代表adj.典型的；有代表性的berepresentiveof…是。。。的代表representationn.表现；描述7.addto增加，增添；加剧e.g.Theriseinelectricitycostshasaddedtoourdifficulties.电费上涨增添了我们的困难。add…to…把。。。添加到。。。addup加起来；行不通addupto总计；共达inaddition(to)另外；加之e.g.Addafewmorenametothelist.再往名单上加几个名字。e.g.Thefactsjustdon’taddup.这些事实简直不合情理。e.g.Thecostwilladdupto1000dollars.费用共计1000美元。8.time构成的短语：attimes(=sometimes=fromtimetotime)有时，不时atatime一次，每一次atonetime曾经，一度atnotime绝不（句首时句子倒装）everytime每一次forthefirst/lasttime第一次/最后一次allthetime一直，总是aheadoftime提前forthetimebeing暂时intime及时；迟早ontime准时innotime立刻，马上由time构成的短语作连词使用：every(each)time每一次。。。的时候thenexttime下一次。。。的时候thefirst/lasttime第一次/最后一次。。。的时候，e.g.IrememberthefirsttimeIsawhim,hewasgivingalectureintheschoolhall.我记得当我第一次见到他的时候他正在学校大厅做讲演。time构成的常用句型Itistimeforsb.todosth.该某人做某事了Itis(high)time(that)主语﹢动词（一般过去时）/shoulddosth.﹢其他某人该做某事了Itisthefirst/second…time(that)主语﹢动词(现在完成时)﹢其他这是某人第一/第二。。。次做某事Itwasthefirst/second…time(that)主语﹢动词(过去完成时)﹢其他这是某人第一/第二。。。次做某事e.g.Itistimeformetogotoschool.我该上学了。e.g.It’shightime(that)thechildwenttobed/shouldgotobed.孩子早该睡觉了。e.g.It’sthefirsttimehehasgonethere.这是他第一次去那儿。e.g.Itwasthesecondtimehehadgonethere.这是他第二次去那儿。9.insomeways在某些方面，在某种程度上e.g.Insomewaysit’squiteagoodidea,butthecostmakesitimpossible.Noway!bywayofinnowayinthewaybythewayinawaybeunderwayinthis/thatwaye.g.TheyaretravelingtoFrancebywayofLondon.e.g.Alotofdifficultiesareintheway.e.g.Bytheway,canyoubuymeadictionary.backandforth往返，来回e.g.Hewaswalkingbackandforthinthewaitingroom.他在等候室中来回走动。10.responsibleadj.有责任的，应负责的responsibilityn.责任beresponsibleforsth.对。。。负责；作为原因beresponsibletosb.对某人负责e.g.Whoisresponsibleforthisterriblemess?谁应该对这一团糟局面负责？11.permissionn.允许，许可permitv.permit(allow)sth./doingsth.允许某事/做某事permit(allow)sb.todosth.允许某人做某事e.g.Therulesdon’tpermitsmoking.规定不准吸烟。e.g.Willyoupermitustoleavenow?你准许我们现在离开吗？3.reactionn.反应reactv.反应；反抗；起化学反应reacttosth.对。。。的反应reactagainst反抗reactwith与。。。起化学反应reacton/upon对。。。有影响e.g.Howdidpeoplereacttothenews?e.g.Yourapplausewouldreactonthespeaker.你们的掌声会对演讲者有影响。12.awardn.vt.receive/win/gainanawardforsthawardsbsthfor…awardsthtosbeg.1.Hereceivedanawardforhisexcellentserviceinthecompany.Thewomanawardedtheboy100yuanforsavingherson.rewardn.vt.rewardsbforsthrewardsbwithsth13.attimesatatimeatonetimeatthesametimeinnotimeatanytimeatnotimeallthetimebythetimeaheadoftimeeg.AlthoughIhadbeentoldaboutthenativepeople’sattitudetowardsforeigners,____________didIcomeacrossanyrudeness.A.inthattimeB.atnotimeC.atanytimeD.innotime补充：sometimes,fromtimetotime,onoccasion,nowandthen,onceinawhile,14.[名师讲堂]重点语法

在使用被动语态时,有些特殊句型的被动语态需要注意:

1.在主动语态中,如果感官动词如:see,watch,hear,notice,observe等后面的宾语补足语是动词,这个动词前往往不加to,但在被动语态中要加to。例如:

WenoticeTomstealoutoftheroom,carryingsomethinginhishand.变成被动为:Tomwasnoticedtostealoutoftheroom,carryingsomethinginhishand.

2.不能使用被动的动词或动词短语,常考的有:"发生"类:happen,occur,comeabout,takeplace,breakout;"所属"类:have,own,fit,exist(存在),belongto;"感官动词":feel,look,sound,taste,smell;"用完,耗尽":runout,giveout。例如:

GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinainthepasttwentyyears.

Iwon’tgotothatrestaurantagain.

Thefoodtheretastedsoterrible.

Unfortunately,allthefoodhadgivenout.

3.Itis/was+过去分词+that从句Itis/wassaid/reported/hoped/believed/considered/suggested/known...+that从句。例如:

Itissuggestedthatalltheworkshouldbefinishedbeforedark.

Itisreportedthatnearly20workersdiedintheexplosion.Itiswellknownthatsuccessliesinhardwork.练习1.Jennyisalwaysabsentfromschool,__Isupposeiswhysheiscriticizednowandthen.A.which B.who `C.that D.what2.Excuseme,istheshopopenaroundtheclock?__________.Onlyfrom8:00am.to4:00pm.A.I’mnotsure. B.Well,itdepends. C.That’sright.D.I’mafraidnot.3.It’sagoodidea.Butwho’sgoingto_____theplan?IthinkTomandGreywill.A.setaside B.carryout C.takein D.getthrough4.Helen,willyoubeatthepartytonight?I’msorry,butIhavesomuchhomeworktodothatIreally_____.A.won’t B.can’t C.mustn’t D.shouldn’t5.Somepre-schoolchildrengotoadaycarecentre,__theylearnsimplegamesandsongs.A.then B.there C.which D.where6._______inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.A.Dressed B.Todress C.Dressing D.Havingdressed7.Her____wayofsmilingleftagoodimpressiononme.A.successful B.particular C.usual D.peaceful8.Nodecision___aboutanyfutureappointment(任命)untilallthecandidates（候选人）havebeeninterviewed.A.willbemade B.ismade C.isbeing D.hasbeenmade9.Thelibrary_____in1992.A.isbuilt B.isbeingbuilt C.wasbuilt D.wasbeingbuilt10.Tomorro