口语基础-音标3课件

口语基础—音标

Lesson1Lesson1前元音

May.28th2017May.28th学习英语的自信心；培养一定的语感和良好的语音、语调基础；形成初步用英语进行简单日常交流的能力，为进一步学习打下基础.

语音有区别词义的重要作用(Soundsdifferentiatethewords.)

语音有区别词义的重要作用,如:bed--bad; cart--cut;seat--sit; said—sad;dug--duck; kitchen—kitten;father(farther)—further;mouth—mouse; pot—port;cat--kite; leave--live。---Howoldareyou?I’mdirty(thirty).---Andyou?I’mdirty,too(thirty-two).

由于其历史原因,英语语音问题比较复杂,主要是单词的拼写形式与发音虽有一定的规律可循,但是例外情况太多(如have),而且字母的名称音与其发音有很大不同,如：元音字母a至少有6种发音：cake/ei/;cat/æ/;talk/ɔ:/;banana/ɑ:/;again/ә/;many/e/

元音：发音时气流无阻，响亮清晰

辅音：不论声带振动与否，发音时气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍，需要用力冲破。

发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。

发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。元音和辅音：音素48个元音20个辅音28个元音单元音

双元音前元音[i:][i][e][æ]中元音[ə:][ə]后元音[a:][ʌ][u:][u][ɔ:][ɔ]合口双元音[ei][ai][ɔɪ][au][əu]

集中双元音[iə][ɛə][uə]

发元音时气流从肺中压出,经过气管进入

口腔,在口腔中不受到发音器官的阻碍,而

是受到舌、唇等发音器官的调节。舌的前

后、高低和唇的圆扁都会影响从肺里出来

的气流,使之发出不同的元音来。

前元音Frontvowels前元音：/i:/,/i/,/e/,/æ/

前元音的特点就是前舌在活动,舌尖都抵下齿背,前舌都向硬颚抬起,只是高度不同。/i/试读：it,pig,give,his发音技巧：舌前部向硬颚抬起舌尖放在上下齿之间下颚稍稍下降上下齿间仅容纳小指尖/e/试读：egg,bed,get,ten发音技巧：舌尖抵下齿舌前部稍抬起上下齿间距离能容纳食指/æ/试读：at,fat,cap,gas发音技巧：舌尖抵下齿上下齿尖可容纳食指和中指发/i:/的字母组合e在重读开音节中:meter,even,legalea:read,peaceee:need,feelei在字母c或s后：seize,ceiling,deceitie:field,piece,thiefSitdown,please!KeepupwithSeeingisbelieving.Doyouseethekeyontheseat?Thepeace-keepingtrucetrytokeeppeaceatthatplace.Iscream,youscream,weallscreamforicecream

熟读，并标出下列读i:的字母GiveupSticktoPutintopracticeBeinterestedinWeshouldtrytoputtheprincipleintopractice.Thelittledidwillfixhislittleship.IfIassistasisterassistant,willthesister’ssisterassistantsassistme?InIndia,innocentinfantsarethrownintotheriver.

熟读，并标出下列读i的字母发/e/的字母组合e在重读闭音节中：bed,desk,dressea:heavy,death,ready听写lesson5,00-01:45发/æ/的字母组合a在重读闭音节中：man,hand,happyAsamatteroffact handinhandCatchupwith It’sverybadofyoutotalkbacktoyourdad.Thatblackmanhastakenmyjacked.Canyoucanacanasacannercancanacan.中元音centralvowels/Λ/,/ә:/,/ә/,中元音的特点就是舌的中部稍稍隆起（不太容易感觉到）,舌平放口中,不抵下齿背；口腔各部分都很自然,肌肉松弛。/Λ/试读：luck,cut,love,rough发音技巧：舌后部的靠前部分稍抬起,舌尖和舌端两侧触下齿,开口程度和/æ/相似,双唇向两旁平伸.从元音/ɔ/出发,将圆唇改为扁唇,即可发出此音/ә/试读：water,forget,autumn,again发音技巧：1.口型不大不小,双唇不收圆,不拉扁,舌头不往前推,不必抬起,完全放平.2.和汉语普通话轻声的“么”“了”的e相似,但

/ә/在词尾发音稍长.Lesson101:501.字母o发/Λ/的情况不多,主要见于在字母m,n,v及字母th之前come,money,love2.字母u在闭音节中发/Λ/duck,luck,sun3.字母组合ou有时也发/Λ/young,enough,touchLesson501:45—03:35发

/Λ

/

的

字

母

组

合suchas cutdowninahurry inpublicsufferfrom Iamnotaccustomedtomakingthespeechinpublic.Weheardtheoccasionalrumbleofapassingtruck.SeveralprovincesinthesouthofChinaaresufferingfromflood.Thespunkyskunkslumpedandstinkyslugslouched,soontheyswitchedandthespunkyskunkslouchedandthestinkyslugslumped1.字母a一般发/ә/assistant,camera,machine2.字母e在l,n之前发/ә/student,president,travel3.字母o一般发/ә/today,consider,London4.字母u,ar,er,or,一般发/ә/abacus,omnibus,calendar,particular,teacher,dancer,doctor,conductor,发

/ә/

的

字

母

组

合5.字母组合ou在非重读的ous中发/ә/famous,humorous,nervous6.字母组合ough,our,ur,ure,ir中发/ә/thorough,borough,colour,neighbour,murmur,pursue,tapir,affirmation7.字母组合ure(主要是字母组合sure,ture)里发/ә/closure,future,textureLesson101:50发

/ә/

的

字

母

组

合befamousfor byaccidentindangerof insomebody’sopiniononceuponatimeBirdsofafeatherflocktogether.Iamafraidthatthecolourisunsuitableformymother.Readersaresupposedtokeepsilentinthelibrary.PeterPiperpickedupapackofpickledpeppers.ApackofpickledpeppersPeterPiperpickedIfPeterPiperpickedapackofpickledpepperwhereisthepackofpickledpeppersPeterPiperpicked1.字母组合er,ur在重读闭音节中通常发/ә:/term,herb,verb特例:clerk/ә:/2.字母组合ear,or,ur可以发/ә:/earth,search,work,word,world,burn,nurse3.字母组合ir在重读音节中通常发/ә:/bird,shirt,third发

/ә:/

的

字

母

组

合insearchof firstofallturnawayfrom toone’ssurpriseTheearlybirdcatchestheworm.Iwouldliketohaveawordwithyouwhenyoufinishyourworkathand.Hecursedthenurseforthebadservice.Hesearchedandsearchedforthebirdheheardinthechurch.口语基础—音标

Lesson1Lesson3后元音

May.28th2017May.30th后元音(Backvowels)/ɑ:/,/ɔ/,/ɔ:/,/u/,/u:/,1.后元音的特点就是后舌在活动。

2.发后元音时舌不抵下齿背,而是平放在口中,

只是后舌抬起的高度不同。

3./ɔ/,/ɔ:/,/u/,/u:/是圆唇音,发/ɔ/音时是大圆唇,发/ɔ:/,/u/,/u:/音时,唇依次缩小,

发/u:/音时就成了小圆唇了。

4.发/ɑ:/音时牙床开得最大,依次缩小,到发

/u:/音时牙床开得最小。/ɑ:/试读：arm,far,park,class发音技巧：口张大,舌身平放后缩,舌尖离开下齿.不要发得太短1.字母a在ss,st,sk,sp,th,ff,nt之前bath,staff,plant2.关于字母a的字母组合的发音规则:1)ar发/a:/:card2)ass发/a:s/:class,glass,passport3)ask发/a:sk/:ask,task,mask4)alm发/a:m/:calm,balm,palmLesson504:52--06:12/ɔ/试读：hot,clock,what,pot发音技巧：口张大,舌身尽量降低并后缩,双唇稍微收圆.先发/ɑ:/音,然后将舌身稍微后缩,双唇稍微收圆(不要突出)faraway startoutpassby askforItwilldoalotofharmtotheheart.BarbraandCharlesaredancinginthelargegarden.Martinisanartistwhooccupiestheoppositeapartment.Afterclass,Mikedrovehiscarfasttothepark,andgetthereafterdark.1.字母a在w,wh之后发/ɔ/want,wash,what2.字母o在重读闭音节中发/ɔ/hot,soft,possibleLesson104:30belongto dropininhonorof incommonSheiseatingahotdoginthedoorway.Bobhasloftyjobandlotofhobbies.Modelingbecameaprofessiononlyinmoderntimes.Whenadoctordoctorsadoctor,doesthedoctordoingthedoctoringdoctorasthedoctorbeendoctoredwanttobedoctoredordoesthedoctordoingthedoctoringdoctorashewantstodoctor./ɔ:/试读：all,horse,door,floor发音技巧：舌后部抬得比略高,双唇也收得更圆更小,并须用力向前突出.注意长度,不要发得太短.Lesson205:191.字母组合al通常发/ɔ:/all,fall,tall,walk,talk,chalk2.字母组合ar在重读音节中，前面有qu,w时,发/ɔ:/quarter,war,warm3.字母组合au,aw通常发/ɔ:/author,cause,paw,draw4.字母组合oar通常发/ɔ:/roar,board,coarse5.字母组合or在重读音节中通常发/ɔ:/for,sport,portLesson205:15Talkabout accordingtoBeforelong aughttoShethoughtsheoughttotakeawalkbeforefouro’clock.Whenthestormiscomingtheshiphastocallataport.Themanwalkingonthelawnismyboss.Mr.SeaonthesawandMr.Sawontheseashore,andnowseashoresawthesawseashorebeforesawsawsea./u/试读：full,took,good,look发音技巧：舌后部向软颚抬起,舌身收缩,舌尖离开下齿.双唇收圆,稍向前突出.1.字母组合oo后面是d,k,发/u/good,wood,cook例外:blood,flood2.字母组合ou在下列词中发/u/could,would,should3.字母u在闭音节中发/u/put,push,pullLesson103:37Putoff lookatPullthrough Thecooktooksomesugarandputitinthesoup.Heunderstoodwhatthewomanwanted.Goodcookiescouldbecookedbyagoodcookifagoodcookcancookgoodcookies./u:/试读：do,who,food,blue发音技巧：双唇较//收得更圆更小，向前突出,舌后部比//抬得更高.注意长度,口腔肌肉始终保持紧张状态.1.字母o,以及字母oo在l,m,n,th之前发/u:/who,zoo,booth,moon,cool2.字母组合ou发/u:/you,soup,group3.字母组合ui在j,r后面通常发/u:/cruise,fruit,juiceAssoonas beusedtoQuiteafew inthefutureIamnotinthemoodtoarguewithyou.Whathesaidisprovedtobetrue.Thenewsistoogoodtobetrue.Atutorwhotutoredaflutetriedtotutortwotutorstotute,saidthetwototheirtutorit’shardtotuteortotutortwotutorstotute.口语基础—音标

Lesson1Lesson4双元音

May.28th2017May.31th双元音［ei］ ［ǝu］［ai］ ［iǝ］［ɔi］ ［εǝ］［au］ ［uǝ］

[ei]请拼读以下单词：1.cakemakenamegamesnakegatelazy2.raintrainwait3.daymayplaytodayway---->Summary:你能总结出哪些字母或字母组合发[ei]吗？Lesson401:45beableto bytheway makefaceswaitfor makeamistakeNopains,nogains.Ihatewaiting,andIalsohatetokeepotherswaiting.Idon’tlikespeakinginaround-aboutway.Ialwayscallaspadespade.TheysaythatraincameeveryeightdaysinMay.IknowaboynamedTatewhodinewithhisgirlateighteight.IamunabletostatewhatTateateateighteightorwhattakeTateateighteight.［ai］请拼读以下单词：1.kitebikenicetigerwriteknife2.bycryflymyskytrywhy3.tiepie4.buy---->Summary:你能总结出哪些字母或字母组合发[ai]吗？Lesson400:00rightaway fightback whitelieatthesideofMikeisflyingakiteintheskybytheriverside.TimeandtimeagainItriedtoholdbackmysadfeeling.I’dliketoreadinthebrightlightatnight.Thereisnoneedtolightanightlightonalightnightliketonight,forabrightnightlightisjustlikeaslidelight.Thesunshinesontheshopsigns［iǝ］Beard near ear California Canadian idea mediumLesson300:00hearfrom hereandthere alltheyeararoundbeallears clearawayThereisnothingtofearintheworld.ItriedtohearbutIcan’thearclearlywhathesaid.Lastyear,Icouldnotheareitherear.［ǝu］请拼读以下单词：1.noseroseover2.boatcoatsoapgoat3.showwindowsnowbowl---->Summary:你能总结出哪些字母或字母组合发[əu]吗？Lesson300:55ontheroad goover atthemostcloseto gohomeNonoticewasgivenattheclosingoftheshow.Heisnobodyandholdsnoposthere.Myhomeisveryclosetomyschool.wehavetofollowthemsinceonlyonethirdofthewholeclassgoesagainsttheplan.Mosessupposeshistoesareroses,butMosessupposeserroneouslyfornobody’stoesaresupposedrosesasMosessupposeshistoestobe.［uǝ］1.tour

2.pure sure3.poor4.cruelrural

FebruaryThedoctorissuretobeabletocurethepoorgirl.Thetouristswerecurioustoknowthestorybehindthemirror.Thepoormanwasassuredthathischildcouldbecured［ɔi］请拼读以下单词：1.oilboilcoin2.boytoy---->Summary:你能总结出哪些字母或字母组合发[ɔi]吗？pointout enjoyoneself havenochoice joininTheboywasannoyedbecausehistoywasdestroyed.Hisanswerisnottothepoint.Ihopeyouwillcomeagainandjoinagainnextyear.Howmuchoilboilcanagumboiledboilifagumboilcanboiloil.Anoiseannoysanoyster,butanoisynoiseannoysanoystermore.［εǝ］请拼读以下单词1.wearbear2.Fair upstairs airchair pair3.wherethere4.darecare---->Summary:你能总结出哪些字母或字母组合发［εǝ］吗？Lesson403:44wearof stareat tearoff takegoodcareofIdarenotsayheisnotfairinthesquare.Marystarescarefullyathugehairybear.Takegoodcareofthehair,itisveryrare.Pleasepreparethepairedpearsneartheunpreparedpearsnearthepool.Beaware,thatisthebearthere.Iwouldnotgointhereonadare.InthereiswherethebearscaredPierre.Pierrewasnotawareofthebearinalayer,untilthebeargiveaglareandPierreranfromthere.［au］请拼读以下单词：1.housemousemouthtrousers2.flowercowhownowdown---->Summary:你能总结出哪些字母或字母组合发[au]吗？Lesson405:21shoutout withoutdoubt roundoutHowaboutgoingoutforawalk?Therumorspreadoutlikeawildfirefrommouthtomouth.Withoutdoubt,heisthebeststudentinourclass.NowIhavetodoubthecanpronouncethewordaloud.口语基础—音标

Lesson1Lesson5元音复习

May.28th2017July.2nd元音音标元音音标，指发音时不受到发音器官的阻碍发出的声音，国际音标里，元音音标共20个，分别为：单元音：[e][ae][a:][כ][כ:][ʌ][3:][ə][i][i:][u][u:]双元音：[ei][ai][כi][əu][au][εə][iə][uə]

前元音[i:]嘴唇微微张开，舌尖抵下齿，嘴角向两边张开，露出微笑的表情，与字母E的发音相同。[i]嘴唇微微张开，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，嘴形扁平。[e]嘴形扁平，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起。[æ]嘴张大，嘴角尽量拉向两边，成扁平形，舌尖抵下齿。

中元音[ə:]嘴形扁平，上下齿微开，舍身平放，舌中部稍稍抬高。[ə]嘴唇微微张开，舌身放平，舌中部微微抬起，口腔自然放松发声。[ʌ]嘴唇微微张开，伸向两边，舌尖轻触下齿，舌后部稍稍抬起。后元音[ɔ:]双唇收得小而圆，并向前突出，舌身往后缩。[ɔ]口腔打开，嘴张大，舌头向后缩，双唇稍收圆。[u:]嘴形小而圆，微微外突，舌头尽量后缩。[u]嘴唇张开略向前突出，嘴形稍收圆并放松些，舌头后缩。[ɑ:]口腔打开，嘴张大，舌身放平，舌尖不抵下齿，下巴放低，放松发音双元音[ei]由[e]和[i]两个单音组成，[e]重读，[i]轻读，口形由半开到合，eg.A[ai]由[a]和[i]两个单音组成，[a]重读，[i]轻读，口形由开到合，eg.I[ɔi]由[ɔ]和[i]两个单音组成，[ɔ]重读，[i]轻读，口形由圆到扁，由开到合。eg.boy[au]由[a]和[u]两个单音组成，[a]重读，[u]轻读，口型由大到小。eg.how[əu]由[ə]和[u]两个单音组成，[ə]重读，[u]轻读，口形由半开到小，与字母O的发音相同。[iə]由[i]和[ə]两个单音组成，[i]重读，[ə]轻读，双唇始终半开。[eə]由[e]和[ə]两个单音组成，[e]重读，[ə]轻读，舌端抵下齿，双唇半开。[uə]由[u]和[ə]两个单音组成，[u]重读，[ə]轻读，双唇由收圆到半开。

易混的元音

(confusingvowels)1)[i:][ei]realrail;greetgreat;meanmain;readraid

2)[e]

［ai］betbiteredwritesaidsideheadhide[i]/[i:][e]/[ae]［ei］/[e][au]/[כ:]慧眼识真seatsheepsitbigbeddeskapplebagfirstbirdsistermothershorthorseclocklostrulerschoolputbookcardstarbusbutpen()be()short()work()her()brother()put()ruler()father()mother()Bag()Last()bikenamenearchairsureknowboyabout元音字母和字母组合发什么音？找出红色字母发音不同的单词（）1、A.dadB.mapC.nameD.cat（）2、A.meetB.teacherC.breakfastD.please（）3、A.doB.fromC.lotD.mom（）4、A.niceB.nineC.likeD.ring（）5、A.roomB.bookC.goodD.lookA D C C A 元音字母

AaEeIiOoUu

发音练习读一读上面单词中a的发音相同吗？1.cakegrapenamesnake