05-09年MBA联考英语真题汇总

精选优质文档倾情为你奉上精选优质文档倾情为你奉上专心专注专业专心专注专业精选优质文档倾情为你奉上专心专注专业2009年工商管理硕士专业学位研究生入学全国联考英语试题SectionIVocabularyandStructure(10%)Direction:Thereare20incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithapencil.1.Thepoorladywastoo

anddistressedtotalkaboutthetragedy.

A.engaged

B.exhaustedC.ignorant

D.energetic

2.Atfirst

,thefamouspaintingdoesn'timpresstheaudienceatall.

A.glance

B.gazeC.stare

D.view

3.Delegatesagreetotheplanin

,butthereweresomedetailstheydidn'tapprove.

A.discipline

B.theoryC.principle

D.nature4.Itookthemedicine10minutesago,butthebitternessisstill

inmymouth.

A.scattering

B.fellingC.maintaining

D.lingering5.Sincethe

ofhumanhistory,humanbeingshavebeenaskingquestionslike"Whatistheessenceoflife."

A.dusk

B.dustC.twinkle

C.Dawn6.Theeldestson

allthefamilymemberstodiscusshowtocelebratethe50thweddinganniversaryoftheirparents.

A.Clustered

B.resembledC.assembled

D.rendered7.Imustleavenow.

,ifyouwantthatbookI'LLbringityoutomorrow.

A.Accidentally

B.IncidentallyC.Occasionally

D.Subsequently8.Mymotherisalightsleeper,

toanysoundevenaslowasthehummingofmosquito.

A.alert

B.acuteC.keen

D.immune9.Thenewlybuiltfactoryisinurgentneedofanumberofskilledand

workers.

A.consistent

B.conscious

C.confidential

D.conscientious10.Asanoutstandingscholar,hehasbecome

totheresearchteam.

A.senior

B.juniorC.indispensable

C.independent11.Sixteendaysaftertheearthquake,40people,

intheirvillage,wererescued.

A.trapped

B.confinedC.enclosed

D.captured12.Workingfarawayfromhome,Jerryhadto

fromdowntowntohisofficeeveryday.

A.wanders

B.commuteC.ramble

D.motion13.Thefinanceministerhasnotbeenso

sinceheraisedtaxestoanunbearablelevel.

A.famous

B.favorableC.popular

D.preferable14.Itisunimaginableforsomeoneinsuchahigh

inthegovernmenttobehavesobadlyinpublic.

A.situation

B.positionC.profession

D.appointment15.Informationgiventoemployeesmustbe

,clearandineasy-to-followlanguage.

A．convenient

B．continuousC．constant

D．concise16.Johnwasveryupsetbecausehewas

bythepolicewithbreakingthelaw.

A.sentenced

B.arrestedC.accused

D.charged17.Davidlikescountrylifeandhasdecided

farming.

A.goinfor

B.gobackonC.goalongwith

D.gothroughwith18.Jenniferhasneverreally

herson'sdeath.It'sveryhardtoacceptthefacethatshe'llneverhaveachild.

A.cometotermswith

B.comeupagainstC.comeoutwith

D.comedownto19.Anationaldebateisnow

aboutwhetherweshouldreplacegoldenweekswithpaidVacations.

A.intheway

B.bythewayC.underway

D.outoftheway20.Whenapsychologistdoesageneralexperimentaboutthehumanmind,heselectspeople

andasksthemquestions.

A.atease

B.atrandomC.inessence

D.insumSectionⅡCloze(10points)Directions：Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.ChoosethebestoneandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEETwithapencil.In1999,thepriceofoilhoveredaround$16abarrel.By2008,ithad

21the$100abarrelmark.Thereasonsforthesurge22fromthedramaticgrowthoftheeconomiesofchinaandIndiatowidespread

23inoil-producingregions,includingIraqandNigeria'sdeltaregion.Triple-digitoilpriceshave

24

theeconomic

andpoliticalmapoftheworld,

25someoldnotionsofpower.Oil-richnationsareenjoyinghistoricgainsandopportunities,

26

majorimporters—includingChinaandIndia,hometoathirdoftheworld'spopulation--27

Managingthisneworderisfastbecomingacentral

28

ofglobalpolitics.Countriesthatneedoilareclawingateachother

to

29

scarcesupplies,andarewillingtodealwithany

government,

30

how

unpleasant,todoit.

Inmanypoor

nationswithoil,theprofitsarebeing,losttocorruption,31thesecountriesoftheirbesthopefordevelopment.Andoilisfuelingenormousinvestmentfundsrunbyforeigngovernments,

32

someinthewestseeasanewthreat.CountrieslikeRussia,VenezuelaandIranarewellsuppliedwithrisingoil33,achangereflectedinnewlyaggressiveforeignpolicies.Butsomeunexpectedcountriesarereapingbenefits,

34costs,fromhigherprices.ConsiderGermany.

35itimportsvirtuallyallitsoil,ithasprosperedfromextensivetradewithaboomingRussiaandtheMiddleEast.GermanexportstoRussia

36

128percentfrom2001to2006.IntheUnitedStates,asalreadyhighgaspricesrose37higherinthespringof2008,theissuecroppedupinthepresidentialcampaign,withSenatorsMcCainandObama38forafederalgastaxholidayduringthepeaksummerdrivingmonths.Anddrivinghabits

began

to

39

,assalesofsmallcarsjumpedandmasstransportsystems

40

thecountryreportedasharpincreaseinriders.21.A.come

B.gone

C.crossed

D.arrived22.A.covered

B.discovered

C.arranged

D.ranged23.A.intensity

B.infinity

C.insecurity

D.instability24.A.drawn

B.redrawn

C.retained

D.reviewed25.A.fighting

B.struggling

C.challenging

D.threatening26.A.and

B.while

C.thus

D.though27.A.confine

B.conflict

C.conform

D.confront28.A.problem

B.question

C.matter

D.event29.A.lookfor

B.lockup

C.sendout

D.keepoff30.A.nomatter

B.whatif

C.onlyif

D.inspiteof31.A.abolishing

B.depriving

C.destroying

D.eliminating32.A.what

B.that

C.which

D.whom33.A.interests

B.taxes

C.incomes

D.revenues34.A.asmanyas

B.asgoodasC.asfarasD.aswellas35.A.AlthoughB.Because

C.Since

D.As36.A.advanced

B.grew

C.

reduces

D.multiplied37.A.even

B.still

C.rather

D.fairly38.A.asking

B.requesting

C.calling

D.demanding39.A.change

B.turn

C.shift

D.transform40.A.for

B.from

C.across

D.overSectionIIIReadingComprehension(40%)Direction:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithapencil.Questions41to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage:HenricIbsen,authoroftheplay"ADoll'sHouse",inwhichapretty,helplesshousewifeabandonsherhusbandandchildrentoseekamoreseriouslife,wouldsurelyhaveapproved.FromJanuary1st,2008,allpubliccompaniesinNorwayareobligedtoensurethatatleast40%oftheirboarddirectorsarewomen.Mostfirmshaveobeyedthelaw,whichwaspassedin2003.Butabout75outofthe480orsocompaniesitaffectsarestilltoomaleforthegovernment'sliking.TheywillshortlyreceivealetterinformingthemthattheyhaveuntiltheendofFebruarytoact,orfacethelegalconsequenceswhichcouldincludebeingdissolved.Beforethelawwasproposed,about7%ofboardmembersinNorwaywerefemale,accordingtotheCentreforCorporateDiversity.Thenumberhassincejumpedto36%.Thatisfarhigherthantheaverageof9%forbigcompaniesacrossEuropeorAmerica's15%fortheFortune500.Norway'sstockexchangeanditsmainbusinesslobbyopposethelaw,asdomanybusinessmen."Iamagainstquotasforwomenormenasamatterofprinciple,"saysSverreMunck,headofinternationaloperationsatamediafirm."Boardmembersofpubliccompaniesshouldbechosensolelyonthebasisofmeritandexperience,"besays.Severalfirmshaveevengivenuptheirpublicstatusinordertoescapethenewlaw.Companieshavehadtorecruitabout1,000womeninfouryears.Manycomplainthatithasbeendifficulttofindexperiencedcandidates.Becauseofthis,someofthebestwomenhavecollectedasmanyas25-35directorshipseach,andareknowninNorwegianbusinesscirclesasthe"goldenskirts".OnereasonforthescarcityisthattherearefairlyfewwomeninmanagementinNorwegiancompaniestheyoccupyaround15%ofseniorpositions.Ithasbeenparticularlyhardforfirmsintheoil,technologyandfinancialindustriestofindwomenwithaenoughexperience.Somepeopleworrythattheirrelativelackofexperiencemaykeepwomenquietonboards,andthatinturncouldmeanthatboardsmightbecomelessabletoholdmanagerstoaccount.RecenthistoryinNorway,however,suggeststhattherightwomencanmakestrongdirectors."Womenfeelmorecompelledthanmentodotheirhomework,"saysMsRekstenSkaugen,whowasvotedNorway'schairmanoftheyearfor2007,"andwecanaffordtoaskthehardquestions,becausewomenarenotalwaysexpectedtoknowtheanswers."41.TheauthormentionsIbsen'splayinthefirstparagraphinorderto

.

A.depictwomen'sdilemmaatwork

B.explainthenewlypassedlaw

C.supportNorwegiangovernment

D.introducethetopicunderdiscussion42.Apubliccompanythatfailstoobeythenewlawcouldbeforcedto

.A.payaheavyfineB.closedownitsbusinessC.changetoaprivatebusinessD.signadocumentpromisingtoact43.TowhichofthefollowingisSverreMunckmostlikelytoagree?

A.Asetratioofwomeninaboardisunreasonable.

B.Areasonablequotaforwomenatworkneedstobeset.

C.Acommonprincipleshouldbefollowedbyallcompanies.D.Aninexperiencedbusinessmanisnotsubjecttothenewlaw.44.Theauthorattributesthephenomenonof"goldenskirts"to

.

A.thesmallnumberofqualifiedfemalesinmanagementB.theover-recruitmentoffemalemanagersinpubliccompaniesC.theadvantagewomenenjoywhencompetingforseniorpositionsD.thediscriminationtowardwomeninNorwegianbusinesscircles45.Themainideaofthepassagemightbe

.

A.femalepowerandliberationinNorway

B.thesignificanceofHenricIbsen'splay

C.women'sstatusinNorwegianfirms

D.theconstitutionofboardmembersinNorwayQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Whilethere'sneveragoodagetogetcancer,peopleintheir20sand30scanfeelparticularlyisolated.Theaverageageofacancerpatientatdiagnosisis67.Childrenwithcanceroftenaretreatedatpediatric(小儿科的)cancercenters,butyoungadultshaveatoughtimefindingpeers,oftensittingside-by-sideduringtreatmentswithpeoplewhocouldbetheirgrandparents.InhernewbookCrazySexyCancerTips,writerKrisCarrlooksatcancerfromtheperspectiveofayoungadultwhoconfrontsdeathjustasshe'sdiscoveringlife.Ms.Carrwas31whenshewasdiagnosedwithararefromofcancerthathadgeneratedtumorsonherliverandlungs.Ms.Carrreactedwiththenormalfeelingsofshockandsadness.Shecalledherparentsandstockeduponorganicfood,determinedtobecomea"full-timehealingaddict."Thenshepickedupthephoneandcalledeveryoneinheraddressbook,askingiftheyknewotheryoungwomenwithcancer.Theresultwasherownpersonal"cancerposse":arockconcerttourmanager,amodel,afashionmagazineeditor,acartoonistandaMTVcelebrity,tonameafew.Thisclubof

"cancerbabes"offeredsupport,adviceandfashiontips,amongotherthings.Ms.CarrputhercancerexperienceinarecentLearningChanneldocumentary,andshehaswrittenapracticalguideabouthowshecoped.Cancerisn'tfunny,butMs.Carroftenis.Sheswears,shemakesupnamesforthepeoplewhotreather(Dr.FabulousandDr.Guru),andsheevenmakessecondsoundfun("cancerroadtrips,"shecallsthem).Sheleavesthemedicaladvicetodoctors,insteadofferinginsightfulandpracticaltipsthatreflecttheworldviewofayoungadult."Irefusedtoletcancerruinmyparty,"shewrites."Therearejusttoomanycoolthingstodoandplanandlivefor."Ms.Carrstillhascancer,butithasstoppedprogressing.Hercancertipsincludeusingtime-savingmasse-mailstokeepfriendsinformed,sewingorbuyingfashionablehospitalgownssoyou'renotstuckwithregulationblueorgrayandplayingGloriaGaynor's"IWillSurvive"soloudyouneighborscallthepolice.Ms.Carralsoadvisesaneyebrowwaxandanewoutfitbeforeyoutelltheimportantpeopleinyourillness."peopleyoutellaregoingtocautiousandnotsocautiouslytrytoseethecancer,sodazzletheminsteadwithyourmiracle,"shewrites.Whileheradvicemaysoundsuperficial,itgetstotheheartofwhateverycancerpatientwants:thechancetolivelifejustasshealwaysdid,andmaybebetter.46.Whichofthefollowinggroupsismorevulnerabletocancer?A.Children.B.Peopleintheir20sand30s.C.Youngadults.D.Elderlypeople.47.AllofthefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPT_______.A.KrisCarrisafemalewriterB.KrisCarrismorethan31-year-old.C.KrisCarrworksinacancercenter.D.KrisCarrisveryoptimistic.48.Thephrase"cancerposse"(Line4,para.3)probablyrefersto________A.acancerresearchorganizationB.agroupofpeoplewhosufferfromcancerC.peoplewhohaverecoveredfromcancerD.peoplewhocopewithcancer49.KrisCarrmakeupnamesforthepeoplewhotreatherbecause________A.sheisdepressedandlikesswearingB.sheisfunnyandlikesplayingjokesondoctorC.shewantstoleavethemedicaladvicetodoctorD.shetriestoleaveagoodimpressionondoctor50.FromKrisCarr'scancertipswemayinferthat________A.shelearnedtousee-mailsaftershegotcancerB.shewearsfashionabledressevenaftersufferingfromcancerC.hospitalgownsforcancerpatientsareusuallynotinbrightcolorsD.theneighborsareveryfriendlywithcancerpatientsQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Shouldaleaderstrivetobelovedorfeared?Thisquestion,famouslyposedbyMachiavelli,liesattheheartofJosephNye'snewbook..Mr.Nye,aformerdeanoftheKennedySchoolofGovernmentatHarvardandone-timechairmanofAmerica'sNationalIntelligenceCouncil,isbestknownforpromotingtheideaof"softpower",basedonpersuasionandinfluence,asacounterpointto"hardpower",basedoncoercion(强迫)andforce.Havinganalyzedtheuseofsoftandhardpowerinpoliticsanddiplomacyinhispreviousbooks,Mr.Nyehasnowturnedhisattentiontotherelationshipbetweenpowerandleadership,inboththepoliticalandbusinessspheres.Machiavelli,henotes,concludedthat"oneoughttobebothfearedandloved,butasitisdifficultforthetwotogotogether,itismuchsafertobefearedthanloved."Inshort,hardpowerispreferabletosoftpower.Butmodemleadershiptheoristshavecometotheoppositeconclusion.Thecontextofleadershipischanging,theobserve,andthehistoricalemphasisonhardpowerisbecomingoutdated.Inmodemcompaniesanddemocracies,powerisincreasinglydiffusedandtraditionalhierarchies(等级制)arebeingundermined,makingsoftpowerevermoreimportant.Butthatdoesnotmeancoercionshouldnowtakeabackseattopersuasion.Mr.Nyeargues.Instead,headvocatesasynthesisofthesetwoviews.TheconclusionofThePowerstoLead,hissurveyofthetheoryofleadership,isthatacombinationofhardandsoftpower,whichhecalls”smartpower,isthebestapproach.Thedominanttheoreticalmodelofleadershipatthemomentis,apparently,the“transformationalleadershippattern.Anoneallergic(反感)tomanagementtermwillalreadyberunningfortheexit,butMr.Nyehasperformedavaluableserviceinroundingupandsummarizingthevariousacademicstudiesandtheoriesofleadershipintoasingle,slimvolume.Heexaminesdifferentapproachestoleadership,themoralityofleadershipandhowthewidercontextcandeterminetheeffectivenessofaparticularleader.Thereareplentyofanecdotesandexamples,bothhistoricalandcontemporary,politicalandcorporate.Also,leadershipisaslipperysubject,andashedepictsvarioustheories,evenMr.Nyeneverquitenailsthejellytothewall.Heisathismostinterestingwhendiscussingthemoralaspectsofleadershipinparticular,thequestionofwhetheritissometimesnecessaryforgoodleaders

tolie-andheprovidesahelpful12-pointsummaryofhisconclusions.Aresumingthemeisthatascircumstanceschange,differentsortsofleadersarerequired;aleaderwhothrivesinoneenvironmentmaystruggleinanother,andviceversa.Ultimatelythatisjustafancywayofsayingthatleadershipoffersnoeasyanswers.51.FromthefirsttwoparagraphswemaylearnthanMr.Machiavelli'sideaofhardpoweris______.A.wellacceptedbyJosephNyeB.veryinfluentialtillnowadaysC.basedonsoundtheoriesD.contrarytothatofmodemleadershiptheorists52.WhichofthefollowingmakessoftpowermoreimportanttodayaccordingtoMr.Nye?A.Coercioniswidespread.B.Moralityisdevalued.C.Powerisnolongerconcentrated.D.Traditionalhierarchiesarestrengthened53.InhisbookthePowerstolead,Mr.NyehaserminedallthefollowingaspectsofleadershipEXCEPT_____.A.authorityB.contextC.approachesD.morality54.Mr.Nye'sbookisparticularlyvaluableinthatit_____.A.makeslittleuseofmanagementtermsB.summarizesvariousstudiesconciselyC.servesasanexitforleadershipresearchersD.setsamodelforcontemporarycorporateleaders55.Accordingtotheauthor,themostinterestingpartofMr.Nye'sbookliesinhis____.A.viewofchangeableleadershipB.definitionofgoodleadershipC.summaryofleadershiphistoryD.discussionofmoralleadershipQuestions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Americansdon'tliketolosewars.Ofcourse,alotdependsonhowyoudefinejustwhatawaris.Thereareshootingwars-thekindthattestpatriotismandcourage-andthosearethekindatwhichtheU.Sexcels.Butotherstrugglestestthosequalitiestoo.WhatelsewastheGreatDepressionorthespaceraceortheconstructionoftherailroads?IfAmericanindulgesinabitofflag—whenthejobisdone,theyearnedit.Nowthereisasimilarchallenge:globalwarming.Thesteadydeterioration(恶化)oftheveryclimateofthisveryplanetisbecomingawarofthefirstorder,andbyanymeasure,theU.S.producesnearlyaquarteroftheworld'sgreenhousegaseseachyearandhasstubbornlymadeitclearthatitdoesn'tintendtodoawholelotaboutit.Although174nationsapprovedtheadmittedlyflawedKyotoaccordstoreducecarbonlevels,theU.S.walkedawayfromthem.Therearevaguepromisesofmanufacturingfuelfromherbsorpoweringcarswithhydrogen.Butforacountrythattightlycitespatriotismasoneofitscorevalues,theU.S.istakingapassonwhatmightbethemostpatrioticstruggleofall.It'shardtoimagineabiggerfightthanoneforthesurvivalofacountry'scoastsandfarms,thehealthofitspeopleandstabilityofitseconomy.Therubis,ifthevastmajorityofpeopleincreasinglyagreethatclimatechangeisaglobalemergency,there'sfarlessagreementonhowtofixit.Industryoffersitspans,whichtoooftenwouldfixlittle.Environmentalistsoffertheirs,whichtoooftenamounttonativewishliststhatcouldweakenAmerican'sgrowth.Butlet'sassumethatthoseinterestedpartiesandotherswillalwaysbentthetableandwillalwaysdemandthattheirvoicesbeheardandthattheirneedsbeaddressed.Whatwouldanaggressive,ambitious,effectiveplanlooklike-onethatwouldleavetheU.S.bothenvironmentallysafeandeconomicallysound?Haltingclimatechangewillbefarharder.Oneofthemoreconservativeplansforaddressingtheproblemcallsforareductionof25billiontonsofcarbonemissionsoverthenext52year.Andyetbydevisingaconsistentstrategythatmixesandblendspragmatism(实用主义)withambition,theU.S.can,withoutmajordamagetotheeconomy,helphalttheworsteffectsofclimatechangeandensurethesurvivalofitswayoflifeforfuturegenerations.Moneywilldosomeofthework,butwhat'sneededmostiswill."I'mnotsayingthechallengeisn'talmostoverwhelming,"saysFredKrupp."ButthisisAmerica,andAmericahasrisentothesechallengesbefore."56.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

A.Humanwars.

B.Economiccrisis.

C.America'senvironmentalpolicies.

D.Globalenvironmentingeneral.57.Fromthelastsentenceofparagraph2wemaylearnthatthesurvivalofacountry'scoastsandfarms,thehealthofitspeopleandthestabilityofitseconomyis__________.

A.ofutmostimportance

B.afightnoonecanwin

C.beyondpeople'simagination

D.alesssignificantissue58.Judgingfromthecontext,theword"rub"(Line1,Para.3)probablymeans_______.

A.friction

B.contradiction

C.conflict

D.problem59.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardAmerica'spoliciesonglobalwarming?

A.Critical

B.Indifferent

C.Supportive

D.Compromising60.Theparagraphsimmediatelyfollowingthispassagewouldmostprobablydealwith___________.

A.thenewbookwrittenbyFredKrupp

B.howAmericacanfightagainstglobalwarming

C.theharmfuleffectsofglobalwarming

D.howAmericacantideovereconomiccrisisSectionⅣTranslation(20points)Directions：InthissectionthereisapassageinEnglish.TranslateitintoChineseandwriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.Withthenation’sfinancialsystemteetering(蹒跚)onacliff.Thecompensationarrangementsforexecutivesofthebigbanksandotherfinancialfirmsarecomingundercloseexaminationagain.Bankers’excessiverisk-takingisasignificantcauseofthisfinancialcrisisandhascontinued,toothersinthepast,inthiscase,itwasfueledbylowinterestratesandkeptgoingbyafalsesenseofsecuritycreatedbyadebt-fueledbubbleintheeconomy.Mortgagelendersgladlylentenormoussumstothosewhocouldnotaffordtopaythembackdividingthelawsandsellingthemofftothenextfinancialinstitutionalongthechain,advantageofthesamehigh-techsecuritization(证券化)toloadonmoreriskymortgage-basedassets.Financialregulationwillhavetocatchupwiththemostirresponsiblepracticesthatledbanksdowninthisroad,inhopesavertingthenextcrisis,whichislikelytoinvolvedifferentfinancialtechniquesanddifferentsortsofassets.Butitisworthexaminingtherootproblemofcompensationschemesthataretiedtoshort-termprofitsandrevenue’s,andthusencouragebankerstotakeirresponsiblerisks.SectionVWriting(20%)

Directions:Itisknownthattextmessage（手机短信）hasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.Somepeoplethinkitisablessing,whileothersregarditasahell.Inthissection,youareaskedtowriteanessayontextmessaging.Youcantakeeitherstandandprovidespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouridea.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsonANSWERSHEET.2009年工商管理硕士专业学位研究生入学全国联考英语试题参考答案SectionⅠVocabularyB2.A3.C4.D5.D6.C7.B8.A9.D10.C11.A12.B13.C14.B15.D16.D17.A18.A19.C20.BSectionⅡCloze21-25CDDBC26-30BDCBA31-35BCDDA36-40BACACSectionⅢReadingComprehension41-45DBAAC46-50DCBBC51-55DCABD56-60CADABSectionⅣTranslation由于国家金融体制动荡不已，情况堪虞，一些大银行和金融机构中的高层的补偿金计划再次成为审视对象。这次金融危机发生的最重要原因是银行家门过度冒险，这也成为历史上危机的始作俑者。在这种情况下，银行家的冒险加上低息可谓火上浇油，而债务充斥的泡沫经济给人造成了安全错觉。抵押贷款人很乐意地把巨额资金借给了无力偿还的人，他们还把贷款拆分，并沿金融链条出售给下一个金融机构，这些做法都利用了高科技证劵化来承担更大的抵押资产风险。金融条例必须能应付那些会把银行拖垮的最不负责任的做法，以扭转下一次危机，而这下一次危机很可能包括有各种类型的金融技术和资产。但非常值得去审视补偿金计划的根本问题：它们都与短期利润与收入挂钩，这样就可以让银行家门不去冒不负责任的风险。SectionⅤWriting(略)2008年全国攻读工商管理硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题SectionIVocabulary(10points)Directions:Thereare20incompletesentencesinthissection.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Choosethebestonetocompletethesentence,ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEETwithapencil.1.Oilisanimportant___materialwhichcanbeprocessedintomanydifferentproducts,includingplastics.A.rawB.bleakC.flexibleD.fertile2.ThehighlivingstandardsoftheUScauseitspresentpopulationto____25percentoftheworld’soil.A.assumeB.consumeC.resumeD.presume3.Youshouldn’tbeso____Ididn'tmeananythingbadinwhatIsaid.A.sentimentalB.sensibleC.sensitiveD.sophisticated4.Picassowasanartistwhofundamentallychangedthe____ofartforlatergenerations.A.philosophyB.conceptC.viewpointD.theme5.Memberstateshadtheoptionto____fromthisagreementwithoneyear’snotice.A.denyB.objectC.suspectD.withdraw6.Thetwocountriesachievedsomeprogressinthesphereoftraderelations,traditionallyasourceof____irritation.A.mutualB.optionalC.neutralD.parallel7.Williamshadnotbeenthereduringthe____momentswhenthekidnappinghadtakenplace.A.superiorB.rigorousC.vitalD.unique8.TravelaroundJapantoday,andoneseesforeignresidentsholdingawide___ofjobs.A.rangeB.fieldC.scaleD.area9.Modernmanufacturinghad___aglobalriverofmaterialsintoastunningarrayofne