初中英语主动语态变被动语态的句子练习题与答案

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被动语态一、语态概述英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。如：ManypeoplespeakEnglish.谓语：speak的动作是由主语manypeople来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。所谓“被动语态”，相当于中文中常说的“被……”、“由……”的句式，如：“他的自行车被偷了。”，再如：Englishisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。判断：看下面的两个例句，你来判断哪个是主动哪个是被动？Heopenedthedoor.他开了门。（____________）Thedoorwasopened.门被开了。（____________）二、被动语态的构成:be动词+Vp.p被动特点强调宾，用be加上过去分。行为对象作主语，逻辑主语by来引。1.Englishis___________（speak）inCanada.2.Theblouseis___________（make）ofsilk.3.Englishis___________（speak）bymanypeople.谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没必要。动作承受者需强调，用被动语态莫忘了。1.Somestampswere___________（steal）lastweek.2.ThePRCwas___________（found）onOctober1,1949.3.Footballis___________（play）inmostmiddleschools.被动语态须留意，P.P前面助动be.be+P.Pam（is,are）现在时，am（is,are）+P.Pwas和were表过去。was（were）+P.P完成have（has）been。have（has）been+P.P将来，情态，be原形。will（can,may,must）be+P.P进行时态两个be，前表时态后加ing。am（is,are）+being+P.P被动语态由“助动词be＋与物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。凡是汉语中带“被”的句子，都能转换成英语的被动语态。三．几种常用时态的被动语态——1.一般现在时：am/is/are+过去分词肯定句：Bikesare___________（sell）inthatshop.否定句：Bikesarenotsoldinthatshop.疑问句：Arebikessoldinthatshop?Yes,theyare./No,theyaren't.2.一般过去时：was/were+过去分词肯定句：Hewas___________（save）in1999.否定句：Hewasnotsavedin1999.疑问句：Washesavedin1999?Yes,hewas./No,hewasn't.3.一般将来时：shall/will/begoingto+be+过去分词肯定句：AnEnglishclasswillbe___________（give）byJacktomorrow.否定句：AnEnglishclasswillnotbegivenbyJacktomorrow.疑问句：WillanEnglishclassbegivenbyJacktomorrow?4.现在进行时：am/is/are+being+过去分词肯定句：Acarisbeing___________（drive）now.否定句：Acarisnotbeingdrivennow.疑问句：Isacarbeingdrivennow?Yes,itis./No,itisn't.5.现在完成时：have/has+been+过去分词肯定句：Aroadhasbeen___________（build）bythegovernment.否定句：Aroadhasn'tbeenbuiltbythegovernment.疑问句：Hasaroadbeenbuiltbythegovernment?Yes,ithas./No,ithasn't.6.情态动词：情态动词+be+P.P1）Thisclockcanbe___________（repair）here.2）Thetreesmaybe___________（plant）atothertimesoftheyear.3）Thecompositionmustbe___________（hand）inafterclass.4）Theyoungtreesshouldbe___________（plant）inspring.四、被动语态的用法（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：Somenewcomputerswere___________（steal）lastnight.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道电脑是谁偷的）Thisbookwas___________（publish）in1981.这本书出版于1981年。（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：Thewindowwas___________（break）byMike.窗户是迈克打破的。Thisbookwas___________（write）byhim.这本书是他写的。Eighthoursperdayforsleepmustbeguaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。五、主动语态变被动语态的方法（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词）（根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以与原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：1.Allthepeople___________（laugh）athim.→Hewas___________（laugh）atbyallpeople.2.They___________（make）thebikesinthefactory.→Thebikesare___________（make）bytheminthefactory.六、补充一些宾补动词如make,see,hear等在主动语态中可以接动词原形（实为省略to的动词不定式）作为宾语补足语的动词在变被动语态是一定要注意恢复to。如：Hemademestandoutside.→Iwasmadetostandoutside（byhim）.Isawhimplayfootball.→Hewasseentoplayfootball（byhim）.专项练习一、选择题(

)1._____anewlibrary_____inourschoollastyear?A.Is;built

B.Was;built

C.Does;build

D.Did;build(

)2.Anaccident____onthisroadlastweek.A.hasbeenhappened

B.washappened

C.ishappened

D.happened(

)3.Cotton（棉花）____inthesoutheastofChina.A.isgrown

B.aregrown

C.grows

D.grow(

)4.AtalkonChinesehistory_____intheschoolhallnextweek.

A.isgiven

B.hasbeengiven

C.willbegiven

D.gives

(

)5.Howmanytrees____thisyear?

A.areplanted

B.willplant

C.havebeenplanted

D.planted

(

)6.Alotofthings____bypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.

A.aredoing

B.arebeingdone

C.hasbeendone

D.willbedone

(

)7.TheGreatWall____allovertheworld.

A.knows

B.knew

C.isknown

D.wasknown()8.Thechildren____bythenurse.

A.werelooked

B.lookedafterC.werelookedafterD.looked()9.He___somepiecesofadvice,buthe____tothem.

A.gave,didn'tlisten

B.wasgiven,wasn'tlistened

C.give,wasn'tlistenedD.wasgiven,didn'tlisten()10.Thequestion____byussoon.

A.isgoingtodiscuss

B.willdiscuss

C.isgoingtobediscussedD.hasbeendiscussed()11.Thelab____aboutfiveyearsago.

A.wasbuiltB.wasbuiltC.buildsD.hasbeenbuilt()12.Alotoftallbuildings_____inhishometowninthelastthreeyears.

A.havesetupB.havebeensetupC.weresetupD.setup()13.They____printing500copiesbytheendoflastmonth.

A.hadfinishedB.havefinishedC.hadbeenfinishedD.havebeenfinished()14.Rice___also_____intheirhometown.

A.is…grownB.is…grewC.was…grewD.was…grown()15.He____bytheteachers.

A.isalwayspraisedB.praises

C.havebeenpraisedD.alwaysispraised()16.Thepicture______

inOctober,1996.

A.wastakingB.hadbeentakenC.wastakenD.hadtaken()17.Wecan'tusethebridgenow,becauseit______.

A.hasbeenrepairedB.isrepairingC.isrepairedD.isbeingrepaired()18.I______thewaytotherailwaystationbyapoliceman.

A.wasshownB.showedC.haveshownD.wasshowing()19.Thewar______in1941.

A.brokeout

B.hadbeenbrokenout

C.wasbrokenoutD.hadbrokenout()20.Whenwater______,itwillbechangedintovapour.

A.isheatedB.heatingC.hasheatedD.heats()21.Wecan'tentertheroombecauseitsdoor______.

A.lockedB.locksC.islockedD.islocking()22.They______dayandnight.

A.aremadework

B.aremadetoworkmadetobeworkedD.aremakingtowork()23.Man-madesatellites______intospacebymanycountries.A.wassentup

B.issentup

C.havebeensentupD.hasbeensentup()24.ThisEnglishsong_____often_____bythechildren.A.is,singingB.is,sungC.will,singD.was,sung

()25.Thewindowsofourhouse_____onceaweek.A.mustcleanB.havecleanedC.iscleanedD.arecleaned

()26.When______thePeople'sRepublicofChina_____?

A.was,foundB.was,foundedC.did,foundD.does,found

()27.Mary'sradio______bymybrotherjustnow.

A.willbemendedB.hasmendedC.wasmendedD.mended

()28.Sometreesmay______atothertimesoftheyear.

A.beplantedB.plantC.areplantedD.willbeplanted

()29.AnewEnglishplay_____therenextweek.

A.willputonB.willbeputonC.isgoingtoputonD.willbeputtedon

()30.Astrangething_____inourschoolyesterday.

A.washappenedB.hasbeenhappenedC.happenedD.wasgoingtohappen

()31.Theglass______.It_____bylittleTomthismorning.

A.broke,isbroken

B.isbroken,wasbroken

C.wasbroken,brokeD.hasbeenbroken,broken

二、用括号所给动词的正确形式填空。(请注意时态和语态两个方面噢)1.It'ssaid(据说)thatthelongbridge______________（build）intwomonths．2.Wheretohavethemeeting______________（discuss）now．3.Whichlanguage_______themostwidely_______（speak）intheworld？4.Thelostboy_____________（notfind）sofar．5.Lastyearalargenumberoftrees______________（cut）down．6.Vegetables,eggsandfruits_________(sell)inthisshop.

7What_______knives

______(make)of?

8.They_______________(make)ofmetal(金属)andwood.

9.Canthemagazine________(take)outofthelibrary?

10.Theroom_____________(clean)bymeeveryday.

11.Thestarscan’t_____________(see)inthedaytime.

12.Howlong_____youruncle______(be)inthecity?

13.Thefood_____________(smell)delicious.14.Look!Someone__________(dance).三、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。1.TeagrowsinSouthChina.（改为被动语态）___________________________________________.ThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong.(改为被动语态)

AnEnglishsong______

______

_______bythechildren.

3.Youneedn'tdoitnow.(改为被动语态)

It______

________

________byyounow.

4.Peopleusemetalformakingmachines.(改为被动语态)

Metal________

_________

_______makingmachines.

5.Hemademedothatforhim.(改为被动语态)

I______

________

________

______thatforhim.

6.Theyhavesoldoutthelightgreendresses.(改为被动语态)

Thelightgreendresses________

_________

___________out.

7.Wecallthegame“Lianliankan”.(改为被动语态)Thegame_______

________“Lianliankan”byus.四．把下列句子改为被动语态1.Parentstakecareoftheirkids._____________________________________________________________________2.