2015年高考英语高频词汇记忆及训练8

高考高频词汇必背及训练系列8第6页共6页高考高频词汇必背及训练系列81.optimisticadj.乐观的Wearestilloptimistic,whatevertheresultmaybe.我们仍然乐观，不论结果如何。Thestockholdersareoptimisticaboutthecompany'sfuture.股东对公司的前景很乐观。反义词：pessimisticadj.悲观的Herpessimisticattitudeturnshimoff.她那悲观的态度令他很不高兴。________，sheisthesortofwomantospreadsunshinetopeoplethroughhersmile. A．Shyandcautious B．SensitiveandthoughtfulC．Honestandconfident D．Lightheartedandoptimistic2.climaten.(1)气候Sheisnotusedtolivinginacoldclimate.她不习惯寒带生活。(2)(某一社会、时代的)风气，趋势；气氛，环境气氛socialclimate社会风气politicalclimate政治气候thecurrentclimateofopinion目前的舆论环境Aftertherevolution，theclimateofthecountryremainedtense.革命以后，那个国家的气氛依然紧张。climate/weather辨析climate：气候，指一个地区气候的总情况，如气温、降雨量等，还可指(社会)风气。weather：天气，指特定的一天或某个时节的天气的具体情况，如冷暖阴晴等。Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow?明天天气怎样？IwouldratherliveinFrancebecauseoftheclimate.由于气候原因，我宁愿住在法国。单项填空(1)Forthesakeofherdaughter'shealth，shedecidedtomovetoawarm________.A．weather B．temperatureC．season D．climate(2)Althoughfarmerstheremainlygrowwheat，the________isalsowarmenoughtogrowrice.A．criminalB．climateC．airD．sky3.flood(1)n.洪水，水灾(可数)Thetownwasdestroyedbythefloodsafterthestorm.暴风雨过后，小镇被洪水淹没了。(2)n.大批，大量流入Therewasafloodofcomplaintsaboutthepoorserviceattherestaurant.许多人投诉这家餐馆服务质量差劲。考点提示：afloodofwords口若悬河afloodoftears泪如泉涌afloodofanger勃然大怒(3)vt.&vi.淹没；大量涌到Theriverfloodedthevillage.河水淹没了村庄。Workerscontinuetofloodintoneighbouringcitiestolookforjobs.工人们不断涌进邻近的城市找工作。完成句子(1)大批感谢信像潮水般涌来。Lettersofthanks________.(2)大批的人涌进大厅。________crowdedintothehall.(3)办公室堆满了应聘这个职位的求职信。Theofficewas________applicationsforthejob.（4）Whenwevisitedmyoldfamilyhome，memorycame________back. A．floodingB．tofloodC．floodD．flooded4.realityn．现实，实际；真实，实际存在Hishopehasbecomeareality.他的希望已变成现实。考点提示：bringsbbacktoreality使某人面对现实，不再抱有幻想inreality＝infact事实上，实际上，其实turnsthintoreality使……变为现实escapefromreality逃避现实faceuptoreality面对现实realadj.真实的reallyadv.真实/正地realisticadj.现实的，实际的realizev．实现realizeone'sdream实现梦想单项填空Iamsavingmymoney，somydreamoftravellingtoEuropewill________.A．cometrue B．realizeC．becometrue D．turnintoareality5.affect(1)vt.影响Smokingaffectshealth.吸烟影响健康。(2)使感动，被打动(一般用被动)Allthegirlsweredeeplyaffectedbythesadmovie.那部悲伤的电影深深地打动了所有的姑娘。Hisspeechaffectedtheaudiencedeeply.她的演讲深深地打动了听众。(3)(指疾病)侵袭，使感染Theleftlungisaffectedbycancer.左肺受到癌症侵蚀。考点提示：(1)affectedadj.做作的，不自然的affecting(moving，touching)adj.使人感动的affectionn．(C，U)感情；慈爱；挚爱Hearingtheaffectingstory，allthechildrenpresentwereaffectedtotears.听了这感人的故事，所有在场的孩子都感动得流下了热泪。Hefeltgreataffectionforhissister.他很疼他的妹妹。(2)effectn．影响；结果；作用sideeffect副作用havean/noeffecton...对……有(无)影响causeandeffect因果完成句子(1)Thewholecommunity________(受影响)bytheterribleaccident.(2)Smokingcan________(对……有坏影响)yourhealth.单项填空(3)Iftakeninthewrongway，themedicinewillhavesomeside________and________yourhealth.A．effect；affect B．affects；effectC．effects；affect D．effects；affectsWiththegovernment'said，those________bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.A．affect B．affectingC．affected D．wereaffected6.offer(1)vt.(主动)提供/给予，出(价)，提出eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(offersbsth,offersthtosb))向某人提供某物offersbmoneyforsth开/出价给某人买某物offersbsthformoney以……价格卖给某人……offertodosth主动提出要做什么offeroneselfas...毛遂自荐……Sheofferedtocarrytheboxforhermother.她提出要帮她母亲搬箱子。Iofferedhimaglassofwine.我敬了他一杯酒。Weofferedhimthehousefor5,000dollars.我们以5000美元的价卖给他那所房子。Iofferedhim5,000dollarsforthehouse.我出价5000美元买他那所房子。Heofferedhimselfasaguide.他毛遂自荐作一名向导。(2)n.出价，提议，意图accept/takeanoffer(ofsth/todosth)接受(做……的)提议makeanoffertodosth主动要做……Yououghttoaccepttheoffer.你应该接受别人主动提出的帮助。Thankyouforyourofferofhelp/youroffertohelp.感谢你提供的帮助。单项填空(1)Ihavebeen_________alargesumofmoneytogoaway，butIamdeterminedtostayhere.A．suffered B．forcedC．allowed D．offered(2)—Whydidyouleavethatposition?—I_________abetterpositionatIBM.A．offerB．offeredC．amoffered D．wasoffered(3)—CanIhelpyouwithit?—Iappreciateyour________，butIcanmanageitmyself. A．advice B．question C．offer D．idea7.harm(1)n.伤害，损害，危害eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(dosb/sthharm,doharmtosb/sth))对……有害donoharm无害meannoharm(to...)(对……)没有恶意，无意伤害别人domoreharmthangood弊多利少，坏处大于好处cometonoharm没有受到伤害Hemeantnoharm；hewasjustjoking.他并无恶意，仅仅是开玩笑。Theheavyraindidalotofharmtothecrops.大雨对庄稼造成很大的损害。(2)v.损害，伤害，危害Don'tharmyoureyesbyreadinginthedimlight.别在昏暗的光线下看书，这样会伤害你的眼睛。Gettingupearlywon'tharmyou!早起对你无害。harmfuladj.有害的，伤害的beharmfultosb/sth对……有害harmlessadj.无害的，无恶意的hurt/wound/injure/harm辨析hurt：伤害，可指肉体上的轻伤，也可指感情上的挫伤。还可指人身体部位疼痛、刺痛。wound：刺伤，常指在打斗中，由外来暴力造成的刀伤、枪伤、剑伤，程度较重。injure：伤害，受伤，多指意外事故对肉体、健康造成的伤害。harm：伤害，多指给人的肉体或精神带来的伤害、不安或不便，尤指对健康造成损害。完成句子(1)Thechildfelloverbut__________________(没有伤着).(2)Ihurtherfeelings，but_____________________________(我并无恶意)．单项填空(3)Givingchildrenwhatevertheywant________.A．dothemharmB．harmthemC．doesharmforthem D．isharmfultothem(4)Mrs.Green'scarranintoalargetreeandshe________intheaccident.A．gotbadlyhurt B．wasinjuredbadlyC．gotbadlywounded D．waswoundedbadly(5)Mychest________whenImakeadeepbreath，doctor.A．harmsB．woundsC．hurtsD．injures8.fashionn．流行，时尚，时髦bein/outoffashion正在/不再流行comeintofashion流行起来gooutoffashion渐渐过时followthefashion赶时髦afashionshow时装表演Theskirtisoutoffashion.这件裙子过时了。翻译句子(1)这些歌曲已经不流行了。______________________________________________________单项填空(2)G3mobilephoneshavecomeinto________.Manyyoungpeoplelovetouseit.A．power B．fashionC．effect D．view9.fancyvt.想像；想要做；幻想n.幻想，爱好，设想takethefancyof...引起……的喜爱fancydoing...想像做……，想要做……fancyone'sdoing想像某人做……fancysbtobe/as...想像某人是……Ican'tfancyhisdoingsuchathing.我真无法想像他会做这样一件事。Fancymeetingsomanyoldfriendshere!真想不到在这里遇到这么多老朋友。完成句子(2)我从未想到他会成为歌手。Ihavenever____________________________________asinger.(3)今晚我不想呆在家里。Idon't________________________________tonight.10.suggestionn．建议，提议rejectone'ssuggestion拒绝某人的建议makeasuggestion提出/做出建议opentosuggestions欢迎提建议at/onsb'ssuggestion按照某人的建议考点提示：suggestion(建议，提议)对应的主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中的谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)preparefortheexaminationtonight.我的提议是今晚为考试作准备。Thesuggestionthatwe(should)holdanEnglisheveningissogreat.我们将举行一个英语晚会的建议真是太好了。suggestv.(1)vt.建议，提议suggesteq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(sthtosb向某人建议或提议,one'sdoingsth建议做某事,that­clause从句中谓语动词用,“should＋do”，should,可以省略。))Shesuggestedavisittotheparkthisafternoon.她建议今天下午去参观那个公园。Mymothersuggestedour/usgoingtothecinema.我母亲建议我们去看电影。Wesuggestedthatwe(should)finishtheworkaheadoftime.我们建议提前完成工作。(2)vt.暗示，表明suggesteq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(n.,that­clause从句中谓语动词用陈述语气))Hersun­tannedfacesuggestsexcellenthealth.她那被太阳晒黑的脸表明她非常健康。Whattheboysaidsuggestedthathewashonest.这个男孩所说的话表明他很诚实。注意：suggest不能用于suggestsb(not)todosth。(1)Billsuggested________ameetingonwhattodofortheShanghaiExpoduringthevacation.A．havingheld B．toholdC．holding D．hold(2)Thefactthatsomanypeoplestillsmokeinpublicplace________thatwemayneedanationwidecampaigntoraiseawarenessoftheriksofsmoking.A．suggest B．suggestsC．suggestedD．suggesting答案：1.句意：豁达而乐观使她成为了能用自己的微笑把阳光传递给他人的那种女人。A项意思是“害羞而小心”，B项是“敏感而多虑”，C项是“诚实而自信”，D项是“豁达而乐观”。根据句意和语法应选D项。答案D2.(1)D(2)B3.(1)floodedin(2)Afloodof