青海师范大学附属实验中学2022-2023学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题含答案

青海师范大学附属实验中学2022-2023学年度第一学期教学质量检测高三英语第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）ForArtLoversWeAreWaterProtectorsCaroleLindstrom,illustrated(加插图)byMichaelaGoadeWaterislife!TheWaterProtectorsatStandingRockandbeyondhavebeenbattlingtodefendMotherEarth’ssacredwatertohonorourancestors,toprovideforourpeoplesandforfuturegenerations.Thispicturebook—seriously,it’sbreathtaking—waswrittenbyCaroleLindstromoftheTurtleMountainBandofOjibweandillustratedbyMichaelaGoade.(Forages3to6)AllBecauseYouMatterTamiCharles,illustratedbyBryanCollierFromthematteroftheuniversetoBlackLivesMatter,thisillustratedbookpullstogethertherealuniversetomakeitclearthatitsyoungreadersarespecialbeyondbelief.Drawinginspirationfromhisowngrandmother’sclothes-making,BryanCollierpairswithTamiCharlestodeliveranimportantmessage.(Forages4to8)Honeybee:TheBusyLifeofApisMellifera(意大利蜂)CandaceFleming,illustratedbyEricRohmannAbeautifullyillustratedApismelliferapresentedintastyoilpaintscycles.Youngreadersgetafrontrowseattothenaturalworldwhilevividwordsintroducetheanxietyleadingtothebee’sfirstflight.Thinkeachbeehasjustonejob?Thinkagain.Beesholdavarietyofoccupationsduringtheirshort,lovelylives—andyouthoughtyouwerebusy!(Forages6to9)ThePlainJanesCecilCastellucciandJimRuggCecilCastellucciandJimRugg’schildrencomicaboutfourgirlartistsattractedreaderswhenitwasreleasedin2007.Now,inareissue(再版)thatincludestheoriginaltalesalongwithanewstory,Castellucciagesuphermessage.WhiletheJanes’liveshavegrownmorecomplicated,Castellucci’sthemeremainssincereand—inthesetryingtimes—somethingmanyofusstruggletokeepinmind.(Forages8to15)1．WhichbookdoesMichaelaGoadedrawfor?A．ThePlainJanes. B．AllBecauseYouMatter.C．WeAreWaterProtectors. D．Honeybee:TheBusyLifeofApisMellifera.2．WhogaveBryanColliertheinspirationtoillustrateforAllBecauseYouMatter?A．Hisfamilymember. B．Hisreaders.C．Himself. D．TamiCharles.3．Whatdothefourbookshaveincommon?A．Theyareaboutendangeredanimals.B．Theyaretargetedatartloversundersixteen.C．Theyhavebeenreleasedmorethanonce.D．Theycontributetoenvironmentalprotection.JoeBagley,a20-year-old“jungleboy”,hasturnedhisone-bedroomapartmentinLoughborough,UK,intoanindoorjunglewithover1,400pottedplants.YoucanfindallsortsofplantsgrowinginJoeBagley’shome.Theyareeverywhere,onthediningtable,onbookshelves,eveninthebathroom,prettymuchwhereverthereisanysparespacethathasn’tbeenoccupiedbysomethingelse.Thereisn’tthatmuchspaceavailable—1,400pottedplantsintoithavemadeitlooklikeasortofindoorurbanjungle.“Everyroomispacked,”thehouseplantenthusiastsaid.“I’malwaysthinkingofnewplacestoputmore.IhavesomeplantsinhereandIdon’tknowwheretheycamefrom.Ican’trememberbuyingthem.It’slikeIhaveanaddiction.”Joe’sloveforhouseplantsstartedwhenhewas13,afterhisgrandmother,wholivesrightacrossthestreet,giftedhimacuttingofherspiderplant.AstheSouthAfricanplantgrewandblossomed(开花),sodidhisloveforhouseplants.Thesedaysheworksinagardencenter,spendshisfreetimeeithercaringforhisplantsorreadingarticlesandstudiesaboutthem,andclaims(声称)tohavedevelopedakindof“sixthsense”whenitcomestotakingcareofthem.“Ihaveasixthsenseforknowingwhensomethingneedswatering.IcanjustbewalkingpastaplantandIknow,”hesaid.Throughthelastsevenyears,JoeBagleyhasaccumulatedawealthofplantknowledge,andherecentlycreatedhisownwebsite,wherehepublishesallsortsofhelpfulinformationforfellowplantenthusiastsandhealsoanswerstheirquestionsaboutplantcare.Hisdreamistoonedayopenhisownplant-filled“junglecafé”,whichhedescribesashisidealbusiness.4．WhatcanweknowaboutJoeBagley’sapartment?A．Itismessyanddirty. B．Itislyinginajungle.C．Itisfilledwithplants. D．Itisatouristattraction.5．Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A．WhyJoeBagley’sgrandmotherlovedplants.B．HowJoeBagleyfellinlovewithhouseplants.C．WhenJoeBagley’sgiftforgardeningshowed.D．WhatJoeBagleylovedbestabouthouseplants.6．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesJoeBagleyregardingplantcare?A．Creativeanddetermined. B．Hardworkingbutcareless.C．Optimisticbutinactive. D．Enthusiasticandprofessional.7．WhydidJoeBagleycreatehisownwebsite?A．Toadvertisehis“junglecafe”. B．Toraisemoneyfromothers.C．Tosharehisplantknowledge. D．Todobusinesswithgardeners.Maybeyoutakevitaminsregularlysupportingbrainpower,orstockuponthesefoodsthatboostbrainhealth.ButnewguidelinesfromtheAmericanAcademyofNeurology(AAN)suggestthere’ssomethingbetteryoucandotokeepyourmindsharp.Aquarterofadultsaged80to84experiencemildcognitive(认知的)impairment,accordingtoAAN.Toaddressthewidespreadproblem,agroupofneurologistsandAlzheimer’s(阿尔茨海默症)specialistswentthroughexistingstudiestodefinethebestwaystopreventandtreatcognitivedecline—andyoumightbesurprisedbywhattheyincludedandwhattheydidn’t.Surprisingly,theAANguidelinesdon’tincludeanymedication(药物)ordietaryrecommendations.Theauthorsstressthattherehaven’tbeenanyhighquality,longtermstudiesfindingfoodsormedicationcanhelpcognitivedecline.Theguidelinesalsosaydoctorscanconsidersuggestingcognitivetrainingtopatientswithmemorylossbutnotrelyonit.Atthepresenttime,thereport’sauthorssaytheevidenceistooinconclusivetosayforsureifbrainexercises,likememoryandattentiontrainingorproblemsolvingforeverydayissuesassociatedwithmemoryloss,arebeneficial.Still,thesemorningbrainexercisescan’tdoanyharm.Buttherewasonebigdiscoveryfromthenewguidelines:Exercisingjusttwiceaweekcouldimprovecognitivedecline.Onestudyshowedadultswithmildcognitiveimpairmentwhodidresistancetrainingtwiceaweekscoredbetteronexecutivefunctionandassociativememoryteststhanagroupthatworkedonbalancing,stretching,andrelaxing.What’smore,anotherstudyhadolderadultsattendeitherbiweeklyhealthclassesorsessionsofaerobics,strengthtraining,balanceexercises,andmultitaskingtraining.Sixmonthslater,theoneswho’dexercisedregularlyscoredbetteroncognitivehealthandmemorytests,andhadlessbrainshrinkage.AANnowrecommendsdoctorstellpatientswithmemorylosstoexercisetwiceaweektokeeptheirmindssharp.Thisisthebesttimetoexerciseifyouwanttoimproveyourmemory.Itlookslikeyou’vegotjustonemorereasontocleartimeinyourscheduleforaworkout—evenifit’sonlyontheweekends.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impairment”inParagraph2referto?A．Error. B．Decline.C．Development. D．Presence.9．ANNmaybeuncertainabout________.A．strengthtrainingB．resistancetrainingC．exercisingtwiceaweekD．morningbrainexercises10．Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthoragreewith?A．DailyexercisesarebeneficialtoAlzheimer’s.B．TheAANguidelinesattachimportancetoworkouts.C．MedicationisofsignificanceintheANNguidelines.D．Stockinguponvitaminssupportingbrainpowermeansnothing.11．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A．Exercise. B．Entertainment.C．Science. D．Health.Theworldofworkischanging.Arepeoplereadyforthenewjoboutlook?Asurveyof15-year-oldsacross41countriesbytheOECD(经合组织)hasfoundthatteenagersmayhaveunrealisticexpectationsaboutthekindofworkthatwillbeavailable.Fourofthefivemostpopularchoicesaretraditionalprofessionalroles:doctors,teachers,businessmanagersandlawyers.Teenagersclusteraroundthemostpopularjobs,withthetoptenbeingchosenby47%ofboysand53%ofgirls.Thisselectionispartlyduetowishfulthinkingonthepartofthosesurveyed.Furthermore,teenagerscanhardlybeexpectedtohaveanin-depthknowledgeoflabour-markettrends.Theyencounterdoctorsandteachersintheirdailylives.Otherpopularprofessions,suchaslawyersandpoliceofficers,arefamiliarfromfilmsandsocialmedia.SomepartsoftheOECDsurveyaredisturbing.Moreboysthangirlsexpecttoworkinscienceorengineering.Theproblemcontinuesinhighereducation;withtheexceptionofbiologicalandbiomedicalsciences,degreesinSTEMSubjects(science,technology,engineeringandmaths)aremale-dominated.InAmericawomenearnjust35.5%ofundergraduateSTEMdegreesand33.7%ofPhDs.Thingsareevenworseintechnology.InBritainonlyoneinfivecomputer-scienceuniversitystudentsisawoman.Womenareunderrepresentedinsomeimportantfieldsoftechnology;theyhaveonly12%ofjobsincloudcomputing,forexample.Womenplayamuchbiggerroleinthehealth-andsocial-caresectors.Theproblemisthatsomeofthesejobsarenotverywellpaid.Home-healthandpersonal-careaideshadmedianannualsalariesin2018ofjustover24,000.Somejobsinhealthcareareextremelyprofitable,ofcourse.Butanothergenderimbalanceemergeshere:womenmakeuponlyone-thirdofAmericanhealth-careexecutives.Incontrast,theytendtodominatethepoorlypaidsocialcareworkforce.Thebiggestprobleminthelabourmarket,then,maynotbethatteenagersarefocusingonafewwell-knownjobs.Itcouldbeamismatch:notenoughtalentedwomenmoveintotechnologyandnotenoughmentakejobsinsocialcare.Anyeconomistwillrecognisethisasaninefficientuseofresources.Wherevertherootoftheproblemlies---beittheeducationsystem,governmentpolicyorcorporaterecruitingpractices---itneedstobeidentifiedandfixed.12．Manyteenagerswouldliketochoosesometraditionaljobsbecause_______.A．theyarereadyforthesejobsB．thesejobsarebetterknowntothemC．thesejobsliveuptotheirexpectationsD．theythinkthesejobsareavailabletothem13．Wheredomostwomenwork?A．InengineeringB．Intechnology.C．Inhealthcare.D．Inbusiness.14．Whatwould-theauthormostprobablyagreewith?A．Themismatchofresourcesrequiresimproving.B．Notenoughmenandwomentakejobsinsociety.C．Teenagershaveunrealisticexpectationsaboutjobs.D．It'stheeducationsystemthatcausestheprobleminthelabourmarket.15．Inwhichsectionofamagazinemaythistextappear?A．Entertainment. B．Education.C．Science. D．Career.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）China,knownforitsvarietyofcuisines,canillustratethehistoryof5,000yearsfromfoodalone.___16___Weshouldbemoreawareofthesignificanceoffoodeducation,becauseknowinghowtoeatisthegreatestguaranteeforhealth.FoodeducationinChinashouldcovertheseessentialareas.Establishcorrectvalues.FoodeducationinChinashouldbedesignedtoguideanddrivechildrentoestablishcorrectvalues.___17___Foodeducationshouldarousetheirappreciationofthelaborofothers.___18___Second,foodeducationinChinashouldalsoshowtheinheritanceofculture.Manytraditionalfestivalsarecharacterizedbytheirowndishes,suchaszongzi,apyramidalglutinousricedumplingfortheDragonBoatFestival;mooncakesontheMid-AutumnFestival;anddumplingsduringChineseNewYear.ThecombinationoffoodeducationandtraditionalChinesecultureenablesstudentstotasteintheirmouthandrememberintheirheart“,thuspassingonthetraditiontothefuturegenerations.Bulledharmonyrela1onships.FoodhelpsLomaintainandenhancerelationships:FoodistheparamountnecessityofthepeopleandChineseculturehasalwaysvalued“reuniondinners”.___19___Carryoutfoodeducationcorrectly.___20___Thoughitbeginswithchildrenitshouldbeproperlydesignedbyageandgeography.A．Combineitwiththetraditionalculture.B．ImprovefamilyandinterpersonalrelationshipsC．Foodeducationshouldfollowastep-by-stepprocess.D．Ialsoguidedthestudentstogrow,identifyandcookfood.E．FoodeducationinChinaisstillintheinitialstageofexploration.F．Foodisboththebountyofnatureandthecrystallizationoflabor.G．Eitherafamilydinnerorcasuallunchatschoolisagoodwaytobettercommunicationandcohesion.第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Travellingalonecanbealittlefrightening.However,thistimeis___21___.LastweekIhadaholidayfromwork,butallmyfriendswereoccupiedandnoneofthemhadthesame___22___asmine.Suchasitwas,IstillbookedatrainridetoTorontoand___23___abedinahotelforoneweek.Oneweekbymyself!WouldIbelonely?WouldIbe___24___?Quitetheopposite!Infact,therearemany___25___thatcomefromtravellingalone.Firstly,IwasabletodowhateverIwanted.Ienjoyedspendinghoursinmuseumsthatmighthaveseemed___26___tosomeofmyfriends.Iwalkedallaroundthe___27___,whichsomepeoplemayhavefoundtooexhausting.Insteadof___28___someoneelsetoremember___29___ortosuggestactivitiestodo,Idiscoveredmyindependenceand____30____map-readingskillsthatIdidn’tknowIhad.Icould

____31____andgotosleepwhenIwanted.Beinginthesafeenvironmentofahotelwithlike-minded_____32_____alsogivesagreatopportunitytomeetnewpeoplefromallovertheworld,whichcanhelpconquer____33____Ifoundthattherewerealsosomedisadvantagesoftravellingalone____34____thebenefits.Imissedhavingsomeonetotalktoandto____35____ideaswith.Experiencesareoftenmoreenjoyableiftheyare____36____,andpartofthefunoftravellingisthe____37____thatyouhavewithyourfriendsorfamiliesafterwards.____38____,eatinginarestaurantorcookinginthehotelaloneislessfun.Iamvery____39____ofmyselffortravellingaloneandIhadafantastictimeinToronto.Iwouldratherbebymyselfthanwithsomeonewhoislazyand____40____todealwithinthefuture!21．A．different B．proper C．strange D．disappointing22．A．work B．arrangement C．interest D．freedom23．A．bought B．made C．changed D．reserved24．A．tired B．delighted C．bored D．amazed25．A．benefits B．results C．effects D．accidents26．A．private B．unique C．dissatisfying D．dull27．A．hotel B．community C．city D．country28．A．appealingto B．relyingon C．waitingfor D．findingout29．A．constructions B．instructions C．destinations D．directions30．A．recovered B．developed C．received D．refreshed31．A．comeout B．bringback C．getup D．turnover32．A．foreigners B．newcomers C．customers D．travellers33．A．loneliness B．illness C．anger D．fear34．A．ratherthan B．despite C．insteadof D．except35．A．declare B．remember C．exchange D．learn36．A．shared B．explored C．shown D．experienced37．A．guidelines B．plans C．opinions D．memories38．A．However B．Gradually C．Additionally D．Altogether39．A．aware B．proud C．fond D．ashamed40．A．difficult B．rude C．stubborn D．silly第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ashumansretreatintotheirhomesasmoreandmorecountriesgoundercoronavirus(疫情)lockdown,wildanimalsareclippingcover___41___(explore)theemptystreetsofsomeofourbiggestcities.Groupsofwild____42____(goose)havebeenwanderingfreelyonthestreetsofOakland,California,whileapuma(美洲狮)turned___43___inthecenteroftheChileancapital,Santiago,___44___isundercontrol.“Thisisthehabitattheyoncehadandthatwe’vetakenawayfromthem,”___45___(say)MarceloGiagnoni,theheadofChile’sagriculturalservice.Withthehuntingseason___46___(withdraw)inseveralEuropeancountries,thispromisestobeaspringand___47___(possible)asummeroflovefortheanimalkingdom.However,therearealsodownsidestothelockdownfornature.“Worktolimitaggressivespecieshasbeenslopped,”cautionedLoicObledoftheFrenchbiodiversity(生物多样性)office,“aswellas___48___tohelpendangeredspecies.”Birdsthathavenestedintheyardofan___49___(abandon)schoolorfactorywillfindthemselvesdisturbed,hewarned.Hisfurther____50____(explain)canbefoundinNature.第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（满分10分）假如英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Lastweek,ourclassplayedainterestinggamecalledthejigsawpuzzle.Bothofusexpectedittobeaveryeasilytask.After10minutesoftrying,therefore,wecouldn’tmakeanyofthepatternsatall.Soonourteamleadersawanothergroup’sjigsawpuzzlepiecesandfounditwastheexactpiecethattheirgroupneeded.Itturnedoutthatthetaskneedustoborrowothergroups’differentshapes,insteadbeingdonebyasinglegroup.Havingbeenrealizedthis,everythingwassolvedquickly.Ihavelearnedfromthisactivitywhatonlycooperationcanmakethingssucceed.第二节书面表达(满分25分）自新冠疫情(COVID-19)暴发以来，很多学校都采取了线上教学方式。假定你校英语报正在征集关于在线教育的稿件，请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1.在线教育的利与弊；2.你的看法。注意：1.词数100左右；2.题目已为你写好Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofonlineeducation________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案：1．C

2．A

3．B本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了4本针对16岁以下的艺术爱好者的书。1．细节理解题。根据WeAreWaterProtectors中的“CaroleLindstrom,illustrated(加插图)byMichaelaGoade(卡罗尔·林德斯特伦，由米凯拉·戈德绘图)”可知，米凯拉·戈德为《我们都是水的守护者》这本书加插图。故选C。2．细节理解题。根据AllBecauseYouMatter中的“Drawinginspirationfromhisowngrandmother’sclothes-making,BryanCollierpairswithTamiCharlestodeliveranimportantmessage.(布莱恩·科利尔从自己祖母的服装制作中汲取灵感，和塔米·查尔斯一起传达了一个重要的信息。)”可知，他的家人给了布莱恩·科利尔创作《因为你最重要》的灵感。故选A。3．细节理解题。根据文章标题ForArtLovers(献给艺术爱好者)和WeAreWaterProtectors中的“Forages3to6(适合3至6岁)”、AllBecauseYouMatter中的“Forages4to8(适合4至8岁)”、Honeybee:TheBusyLifeofApisMellifera(意大利蜂)中的“Forages6to9(适合6至9岁)”和ThePlainJanes中的“Forages8to15(适合8至15岁)”可知，这四本书共同之处是针对16岁以下的艺术爱好者的。故选B。4．C

5．B

6．D

7．C本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了一个“丛林男孩”在自己的公寓摆满了盆栽植物的故事。4．细节理解题。根据第二段YoucanfindallsortsofplantsgrowinginJoeBagley’shome.Theyareeverywhere,onthediningtable,onbookshelves,eveninthebathroom,prettymuchwhereverthereisanysparespacethathasn’tbeenoccupiedbysomethingelse.可知，你可以在JoeBagley的家里找到各种各样的植物。它们无处不在，在餐桌上，书架上，甚至在浴室里，几乎是任何没有被其他东西占据的空余空间。由此可知，JoeBagley的公寓里都是植物。故选C。5．主旨大意题。通读第四段Joe’sloveforhouseplantsstartedwhenhewas13,afterhisgrandmother,wholivesrightacrossthestreet,giftedhimacuttingofherspiderplant.AstheSouthAfricanplantgrewandblossomed(开花),sodidhisloveforhouseplants.可知，Joe对室内植物的喜爱始于他13岁时，当时住在街对面的祖母把她剪下来的一株蜘蛛花送给了他。随着这种南非植物的生长和开花，他对室内盆栽植物的喜爱也与日俱增你可以在JoeBagley的家里找到各种各样的植物。由此可知，该段主要是讲JoeBagley是如何爱上盆栽植物的。故选B。6．推理判断题。根据第五段Thesedaysheworksinagardencenter,spendshisfreetimeeithercaringforhisplantsorreadingarticlesandstudiesaboutthem,andclaims(声称)tohavedevelopedakindof“sixthsense”whenitcomestotakingcareofthem.“Ihaveasixthsenseforknowingwhensomethingneedswatering.IcanjustbewalkingpastaplantandIknow,”hesaid.可知，如今，他在一家园艺中心工作，闲暇时间要么照料他的植物，要么阅读有关植物的文章和研究。他声称，在照料这些植物方面，他已经形成了一种“第六感”。“我有第六感，知道什么东西需要浇水。我只要走过一棵植物，我就知道，”他说。由此推知，JoeBagley在打理植物方面是“满怀热情的”且“专业的”。故选D。7．细节理解题．根据最后一段Throughthelastsevenyears,JoeBagleyhasaccumulatedawealthofplantknowledge,andherecentlycreatedhisownwebsite,wherehepublishesallsortsofhelpfulinformationforfellowplantenthusiastsandhealsoanswerstheirquestionsaboutplantcare.可知，在过去的七年里，JoeBagley利积累了丰富的植物知识，最近他创建了自己的网站，在那里他为其他植物爱好者发布各种有用的信息，并回答他们关于植物护理的问题。由此可知，JoeBagley创建自己的网站是分享他的植物知识。故选C。8．B

9．D

10．B

11．D本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，每周进行两次锻炼会让大脑保持敏锐，能够改善老年人的认知障碍。8．词义猜测题。根据第二段划线词后句“Toaddressthewidespreadproblem,agroupofneurologistsandAlzheimer’s(阿尔茨海默症)specialistswentthroughexistingstudiestodefinethebestwaystopreventandtreatcognitivedecline(为了解决这个普遍性的问题，一群神经病学家和阿尔茨海默症专家仔细琢磨现有的研究来明确预防和治疗认知衰退的最佳方法)”可知，在80至84岁的成年人中，有四分之一的人有轻度认知衰退，画线词应与decline词义相近。故选B。9．细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句“Atthepresenttime,thereport’sauthorssaytheevidenceistooinconclusivetosayforsureifbrainexercises,likememoryandattentiontrainingorproblemsolvingforeverydayissuesassociatedwithmemoryloss,arebeneficial.(该报告的作者说，目前的证据还不确定，不能肯定大脑锻炼，如记忆和注意力训练或解决与记忆丧失有关的日常问题，是否有益。)”可知，报告的作者说目前还没有确凿的证据来确定大脑锻炼是否有益。故选D。10．细节理解题。根据第四段“Buttherewasonebigdiscoveryfromthenewguidelines:Exercisingjusttwiceaweekcouldimprovecognitivedecline.(但新指南有一个重大发现：每周锻炼两次可以改善认知能力下降。)”以及第六段“AANnowrecommendsdoctorstellpatientswithmemorylosstoexercisetwiceaweektokeeptheirmindssharp.(AAN认为每周锻炼两次可以改善认知衰退并建议医生让丧失记忆的病人每周锻炼两次以保持大脑的敏锐。)”可知，AAN重视锻炼。故选B。11．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章第一段第二句“ButnewguidelinesfromtheAmericanAcademyofNeurology(AAN)suggestthere’ssomethingbetteryoucandotokeepyourmindsharp.(但美国神经病学学会(AAN)的新指导方针表明，你可以做一些更好的事情来保持思维敏捷。)”为全文的主旨句，并结合文章其他内容可知，本文主要介绍了一项新发现——每周进行两次锻炼会让大脑保持敏锐，能够改善老年人的认知障碍。据此可推断，本文的主题为健康。故选D。12．B

13．C

14．A

15．D这是一篇新闻报道。这篇文章讲述的是关于青少年对工作的选择。工作的世界正在发生变化。经合组织(OECD)对41个国家15岁青少年进行的调查发现，青少年可能对未来可获得的工作抱有不切实际的期望。5个最受欢迎的职位中，有4个是传统的职业角色:医生、教师、企业经理和律师。并介绍了性别在工作中的不合理分配，建议改善资源的不合理分配。12．推理判断题。根据第三段中Thisselectionispartlyduetowishfulthinkingonthepartofthosesurveyed.Furthermore,teenagerscanhardlybeexpectedtohaveanin-depthknowledgeoflabour-markettrends.Theyencounterdoctorsandteachersintheirdailylives.Otherpopularprofessions,suchaslawyersandpoliceofficers,arefamiliarfromfilmsandsocialmedia.“这种选择部分是出于被调查者的一厢情愿。此外，很难期望青少年对劳动力市场趋势有深入的了解。他们在日常生活中遇到医生和老师。其他受欢迎的职业，如律师和警察，在电影和社交媒体中很常见。”由此可知，许多青少年喜欢选择一些传统的工作，因为这些工作对他们来说比较熟悉。故选B。13．细节理解题。根据第五段第一句Womenplayamuchbiggerroleinthehealth-andsocial-caresectors.“妇女在保健和社会保健部门发挥更大的作用。”由此可知，大多数女性在卫生保健工作。故选C。14．推理判断题。根据最后一段中Itcouldbeamismatch:notenoughtalentedwomenmoveintotechnologyandnotenoughmentakejobsinsocialcare.Anyeconomistwillrecognisethisasaninefficientuseofresources.Wherevertherootoftheproblemlies---beittheeducationsystem,governmentpolicyorcorporaterecruitingpractices---itneedstobeidentifiedandfixed.“这可能是一种错配:没有足够多的有才华的女性进入科技行业，也没有足够多的男性从事社会福利工作。任何经济学家都会承认，这是对资源的低效利用。无论问题的根源在哪里——无论是教育体系、政府政策还是企业招聘实践——都需要找到并解决。”由此判断出，作者最可能同意的是“需要改善资源的不合理分配。”故选A。15．推理判断题。根据第一段Theworldofworkischanging.Arepeoplereadyforthenewjoboutlook?Asurveyof15-year-oldsacross41countriesbytheOECD(经合组织)hasfoundthatteenagersmayhaveunrealisticexpectationsaboutthekindofworkthatwillbeavailable.“工作的世界正在发生变化。人们对新的工作前景做好准备了吗?经合组织(OECD)对41个国家15岁青少年进行的调查发现，青少年可能对未来可获得的工作抱有不切实际的期望。”和最后一段中Wherevertherootoftheproblemlies---beittheeducationsystem,governmentpolicyorcorporaterecruitingpractices---itneedstobeidentifiedandfixed.“无论问题的根源在哪里——无论是教育体系、政府政策还是企业招聘实践——都需要找到并解决。”由此判断出，短文出自报纸里的职业版块。故选D。16．E

17．F

18．A

19．G

20．C这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了中国的食品教育应该涵盖的一些基本领域。16．根据上文“China,knownforitsvarietyofcuisines,canillustratethehistoryof5,000yearsfromfoodalone.(中国以其丰富多样的菜肴而闻名，仅从食物就可以说明中国五千年的历史)”以及后文“Weshouldbemoreawareofthesignificanceoffoodeducation,becauseknowinghowtoeatisthegreatestguaranteeforhealth.FoodeducationinChinashouldcovertheseessentialareas.(我们更应该意识到食物教育的重要性，因为知道如何吃是健康的最大保证。中国的食品教育应该涵盖这些基本领域)”可知，本句是在说明中国食物教育的情况，E选项中Foodeducation对应后文中foodeducation。故E选项“中国的食品教育还处于探索的初级阶段”符合语境，故选E。17．根据后文“Foodeducationshouldarousetheirappreciationofthelaborofothers.(食物教育应该唤起他们对他人劳动的感激)”可知，后文提到食物教育应该唤起对他人劳动的感激，本句说明原因：食物既是大自然的馈赠，也是劳动的结晶。F选项中labor对应后文中labor。故F选项“食物既是大自然的馈赠，也是劳动的结晶”符合语境，故选F。18．根据本段内容“Second,foodeducationinChinashouldalsoshowtheinheritanceofculture.Manytraditionalfestivalsarecharacterizedbytheirowndishes,suchaszongzi,apyramidalglutinousricedumplingfortheDragonBoatFestival;mooncakesontheMid-AutumnFestival;anddumplingsduringChineseNewYear.ThecombinationoffoodeducationandtraditionalChinesecultureenablesstudentstotasteintheirmouthandrememberintheirheart“,thuspassingonthetraditiontothefuturegenerations.(其次，中国的饮食教育也应该体现文化的传承。许多传统节日都有自己的特色菜肴，如粽子，一种粽子为端午节；中秋节吃月饼；在中国新年吃饺子将饮食教育与中国传统文化相结合，让学生口中有滋味，心中有记忆”，从而将传统传承给下一代)”可知，本段的主旨是食物教育与传统文化的关系，A选项中traditionalculture对应后文中traditionalChineseculture。故A选项“与传统文化相结合”符合语境，故选A。19．根据上文“FoodhelpsLomaintainandenhancerelationships:FoodistheparamountnecessityofthepeopleandChineseculturehasalwaysvalued“reuniondinners”.(食物有助于维系和增进关系：食物是人们最重要的必需品，中国文化一直重视“团圆饭”)”可知，本段的主旨是食物有助于维系和增进关系，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续说明食物对维系和增进关系的作用，故G选项“无论是家庭聚餐还是在学校吃便饭都是增进沟通和凝聚力的好方法”符合语境，故选G。20．根据后文“Thoughitbeginswithchildrenitshouldbeproperlydesignedbyageandgeography.(虽然它从儿童开始，但应该根据年龄和地理位置适当设计)”可知，本句是关于如何实施食品教育的说明，后文提到了年龄阶段、地理位置，可见要循序渐进，故C选项“食品教育应遵循循序渐进的过程”符合语境，故选C。21．A

22．B

23．D

24．C

25．A

26．D

27．C

28．B

29．D

30．B

31．C

32．D

33．A

34．B

35．C

36．A

37．D

38．C

39．B

40．A本文是夹叙夹议文。独自旅行有时可能会有点可怕，但作者去多伦多的一次独自旅行有了不同的感受。文章讲述了独自旅行的好处和缺点。21．考查形容词辨析。句意：独自旅行可能会有点可怕。然而，这次不同。A.different不同的；B.proper适当的，适合的；C.strange奇怪的；D.disappointing令人失望的。根据表转折的However和下文内容可知这次感觉不同，故选A。22．考查名词辨析。句意：上周我休假，但我所有的朋友都很忙，没有一个人的安排和我的一样。A.work工作；B.arrangement安排，布置；C.interest兴趣，爱好；D.freedom自由。此处指朋友们的安排和我不一样，故选B。23．考查动词辨析。句意：尽管如此，我还是预订了去多伦多的火车，并在酒店预订了一个星期的床位。A.bought买；B.made制造，做成；C.changed改变；D.reserved预定，留出。和booked同义，指在酒店预定床位，故选D。24．考查形容词辨析。句意：一个人过一周!我会孤独吗?我会感到无聊吗?A.tired疲倦的；B.delighted高兴的；C.bored无聊的；D.amazed惊讶的。与lonely并列，指独自旅行一个人会无聊，故选C。25．考查名词辨析。句意：事实上，独自旅行有很多好处。A.benefits利益，好处；B.results结果；C.effects影响，效果；D.accidents事故。根据Quitetheopposite!可知与上文相反，并不孤独无聊。下文介绍了独自旅行的好处，despitethebenefits也给了提示，故选A。26．考查形容词辨析。句意：我喜欢在博物馆里呆上几个小时，这在我的一些朋友看来可能很无聊。A.private私下的，私有的；B.unique独特的；C.dissatisfying不满意的；D.dull迟钝的，无趣的。此处是作者把自己和朋友们对比，自己喜欢而朋友们会感到无聊，故选D。27．考查名词辨析。句意：我在城里到处走，有些人可能觉得太累了。A.hotel旅馆；B.community社区；C.city城市；D.country国家，乡下。结合上文bookedatrainridetoToronto可知作者是在多伦多市，故选C。28．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我发现了自己的独立性，并发展了自己以前都不知道自己有看地图的能力，而不是依靠别人来记住方向或建议去做什么。A.appealingto呼吁，要求，上诉；B.relyingon依赖，信赖；C.waitingfor等待；D.findingout发现，查出。作者这次独自旅行发现了以前自己不知道的能力，故选B。29．考查名词辨析。句意：我发现了自己的独立性，并发展了自己以前都不知道自己有看地图的能力，而不是依靠别人来记住方向或建议去做什么。A.constructions建设；B.instructions说明，指令；C.destinations目的地；D.directions方向，指示。此处指旅游时记住方向，