托福听力场景词汇

新托福iBT听力场景词汇住宿：宿舍：accommodation住处,膳宿residencehall宿舍suite套间studio工作室，独立套间lounge公共大厅（可以用做娱乐）home-stay在国外住在房东家里的那种corridor走廊,过道roommate同屋者,室友租房lease租借,租约landlord房东landlady女房东rent租金tenant房客patio/balcony阳台slidingdoor推拉门singleroom单人房twinroom双人房two-bedroomapartment两间卧室的公寓housekey房锁匙床上用品:pillow枕头bedlinen床上用品sheet被单mattress床垫blanket毯子towel手巾,毛巾quilt棉被家具类furniture家具bookshelf书架bookcase书柜couch沙发chest柜子；橱；箱子dresser(bureau)梳妆台cabinet(电视机等)机箱；储藏柜；陈列柜cupboard(closet)碗橱storagewall壁橱rug小地毯carpet地毯curtain窗帘bathtub浴缸fixture（房屋）固定装置furnishings室内陈设电器类electricappliance(instrument;equipment)电器heater,furnace加热器，炉子heatingunit暖气片airconditioner空调设备stove炉子microwaveoven微波炉washer/dryer洗衣机/烘干机(laundry洗衣店）laundromat自动洗衣店utensil器皿；用具kitchenutensil炊具oven烤箱；烤炉range炉灶;(能利用余热的)多功能炉灶dishwasher洗碟机washingmachine洗衣机coffeepot咖啡壶refrigerator(freezer/icebox)冰箱vacuumcleaner吸尘器tapeplayer录音机CDplayerCD机maintenance维修，保养日常生活/问题:personalpossessions/property/belonging个人财产getinsuranceforsthgarbage/rubbish/waste垃圾dispose处理gasmeter煤气表burglar夜贼burglary入室行窃leaking/leakage泄漏lostkey丢钥匙breakin闯入文学背景词汇literature文学rewrite重写finaldraft完成稿genre分类poetry诗歌biography传记autobiography自传drama戏剧poetry诗歌novel小说novelist小说家sciencefiction科幻小说detectivenovels侦探小说non-fiction非小说类文学作品collectionofshortstories短篇小说集allegory寓言

comparativeliterature比较文学diary日记editorial社论，重要评论descriptiveprose描述散文aestheticism唯美narrativeprose叙述性散文fairytale童话legend传说schoolofliterature文学派别futurism未来派realism现实主义romanticism浪漫主义modernism现代主义surrealism超现实主义literarystudies文学研究literarycriticism文学评论literarystudies文学学习literacy读写能力podium讲台commonpeople,interaction交流leadingcharacter主要角色protagonistplot情节prologue前言proverb谚语考古类背景词汇archaeology考古学archaeologist考古学家anthropology人类学anthropoligist人类学家Paleoanthropology古人类学morphology形态学ancientcivilization古代文明primitive原始的prehistoric史前的origin起源originate起源于ancestor祖先hominid人（科）,原始人类homogeneous同一种族（种类）的tribe部落clan氏族excavation挖掘excavate(unearth)挖掘exhume挖掘scoop/spade铲子ruins遗迹，废墟remains遗迹，遗骸site故址artifact手工艺品pottery陶器(potter)porcelain瓷器fossil化石relic遗物，文物dinosaur恐龙rockpainting岩石画antique古物，古董antiquity古代，古老skull颅骨cranial颅骨的StoneAge石器时代BronzeAge（青）铜器时代IronAge铁器时代Paleolithic旧石器时代的Mesolithic中石器时代的Neolithic新石器时代的Geology地质学landsliden.山体滑坡mud泥土soil土壤earth土sink下沉groundwater地下水irrigation灌溉gravity重心aggravate加重lean倾斜slope斜坡steep陡峭的erodeverosionn腐蚀fossil化石sediment,deposit沉淀物marble大理石granite花岗岩ore矿石stalactite钟乳石stalagmite石笋refine提炼platinum铂金seismology地震学vibration,tremor,震动wave波动volcano,volcanic火山，火山的volcaniceruption火山喷发magnitude级数collision碰撞active活的dormant休眠的extinct熄灭的magma岩浆lava岩浆erupt喷发explode爆炸(explosion)boom爆炸blast爆炸avalanche雪崩微生物aminoacid氨基酸antibody抗体bacterium细菌bioticalagency生命因子calcium钙carbohydrate碳水化合物carbondioxide二氧化碳cell细胞chromosome染色体disinfection消毒enzymes酶fermentation发酵fungus菌类gene基因geneticengineering基因工程学glucose葡萄糖Immunology免疫学incubation孵蛋inflection传染malaria疟疾microbe微生物nucleus细胞核one-celled单细胞的oxidation氧化parasiticanimal寄生动物parasitedisease寄生虫病parasitology寄生虫学pathogen病菌，病原体protozoa原生动物sanitation卫生schistosomiaisis血吸虫病starch淀粉sterilization消毒toxin毒素Vaccine疫苗virus病毒yeast酵母动物rodent啮齿类动物primate灵长类动物ape猿chimpanzee黑猩猩gorilla大猩猩monkey猴子mammal哺乳类动物dinosaur恐龙bat(ecolotion)蝙蝠（声波定位）snowshoehare雪兔子raccoon浣熊polarbear北极熊snout(动物的)口鼻部;reptile爬行类动物snake,cobra眼镜蛇rattlesnake响尾蛇lizard蜥蜴snail蜗牛amphibian两栖动物crocodile鳄鱼frogn.青蛙tadpole蝌蚪toad蟾蜍pond池塘puddle水坑insectn.昆虫mosquito蚊子fly苍蝇cricket蟋蟀grasshopper蚱蜢honeybeemonarchbutterfly大花蝶egg卵larvae幼虫caterpillar毛虫pupa/chrysalis茧termite白蚁marine海洋的beaver狸whale鲸shark鲨鱼dolphin海豚penguin企鹅predator捕食者prey被捕食者aquatic水生的shrimp虾lobster龙虾clam蚌crab螃蟹hummingbird雀鸟artery动脉scale鳞片paw/paw爪子horn角hormone荷尔蒙intestine肠hive蜂巢pollen花粉pollinate授粉hibernate冬眠migrate迁徙\o"Camouflage"camouflage保护色evolve进化evolution进化endotherm温血动物,恒温动物poikilotherm冷血动物beak鸟嘴enzymes酵母secretion(n.)secrete(v.)分泌pancreas胰腺odor气味(aroma/fragrance/scent/smell)gland腺体植物Botany植物学botanist植物学家tundra苔原;冻土地带,冻原fungus(pl.fungi)菌类laurel月桂chestnuttree栗子树root根branch枝stem茎algae(pl.alga)海藻organism有机物birchtree(bark)桦树crops谷物corn玉米maize玉米chlorophyll叶绿素aminoacids氨基酸protein蛋白质nitrogen氮photosynthetic(adj.)photosynthesis(n.)光合作用lichen地衣,苔藓squash南瓜bean豆类植物nectar花蜜flower花floral花的petal花瓣bloom开花blossom花pollen花粉moss苔藓herbicide除草剂herb草本植物herbivorous食草的classification分类hierarchy级别hazardous有毒害的污染：pollute,pollution,pollutantcontaminant污染物contaminate污染ecosystem生态系统ecology生态学antiseptic防腐的atmosphericpollution大气污染垃圾:rubbish,garbage,trash,waste,litter处理:disposeof,burn,bury(landfill),dumprecycle,reduce,reuse,回收:glass,paper,water,milkcarton牛奶盒aluminiumcans铝罐plasticbags,rubbishbagsbiodegradablepackaging可降解包装throwaway可丢弃的disposable可丢弃的discourage不鼓励waterpollutionairpollution,soilpollutionnoisepollutionsoilerosion土壤侵蚀soilpollution土壤污染stain污染，污点，玷污stink发出臭味tar焦油toxicchemical有毒的化学物品fume烟，气味lightpollution日光污染refuse废物sewage污水pesticide杀虫剂chemicalwaste化学废料congest使充满燃料none-renewable不可再生的fossilfuels矿石燃料:naturalgas,coal,petroleumlimited/finitenaturalresources有限的自然环保environmentalprotection环境保护environmentally-friendly环保的preserve保护，保存资源alternativeenergy替代能源,replace=substitute取代windpower,hydropower水电,solar(lunar)power太阳能,nuclearpower核能radioactivity辐射性useup,deplete,exhaust用光，耗尽conserve节省，节约危害动物:poaching非法打猎，盗猎,damagenaturalhabitat破坏自然栖息地,rarebreed稀有物种,endangeredspecies濒危物种,extinct灭绝(dieout,disappear),animalrightsactivist动物权益保护者,naturalreserve(giantpanda大熊猫)自然保护区protectwildlife保护野生动物,preserve保护disastrous灾难性的devastation破坏,havedisastrouseffecton…对…有灾难性的影响危害植物:vegetation植被,deforestation森林消失tropicalrainforest热带雨林landslide山体滑坡mudslide泥石流危害环境:landscape自然风景carbondioxide二氧化碳,acidrain酸雨(erode腐蚀)greenhouseeffect温室效应(worsening,deteriorate,deterioration恶化)globalwarming全球变暖unleadedpetrol无铅汽油其他：GreenBelt绿化带geneticallymodified转基因的organic有机的batteryfarming圈养free-rangefarming放养Meteorology气象PAGEPAGE20meteorology气象meteorologist气象学家forecast(predict)预报climate气候atmosphere大气层troposphere对流层convection对流stratosphere同温层barometer气压计current（气）流vapor蒸汽evaporate蒸发damp(wet;moist;humid)潮湿的humidity湿度moisture潮湿；水分saturate饱和absorb吸收dew露frost霜fog(mist)雾smog烟雾droplet小水珠condense浓缩crystal水晶体downpour(torrentialrain)大雨tempest(storm)暴风雨drizzle细雨shower阵雨hail冰雹blizzard(snowstorm)暴风雪avalanche(snowslide)雪崩precipitation（雨、露、雪等）降水thunder雷lightening闪电breeze微风blast大风gale大风whirlwind旋风cyclone旋风，飓风typhoon台风hurricane飓风monsoon季风sandstorm沙尘暴duststorm沙尘暴tornado(twister,cyclone)龙卷风tropicaldepression热带低气压winddirection风向windvelocity风速windscale风力funnel漏斗，漏斗云cumulonimbus积雨云disaster(calamity,catastrophe)灾难devastation破坏submerge淹没overwhelm淹没drought干旱balmy温和的chilly寒冷的frigid僵硬的，严格的heat-wave热浪tepid微温的天文学astronomyconstellation星座zodiac（星象学的星座）planet行星sun恒星Jupiter木星Pluto冥王星Saturn土星Mercury水星Mars火星Venus金星Neptune海王星Uranus天王星Ceres谷物星（thelargestasteroidandthefirstdiscovered）Whitedwarf白矮星BigDipper北斗七星Asteroidbelt小行星带MilkyWay银河系galaxy星系orbit运行n.轨道rotate转axis轴track轨道outerspace外太空equator赤道tropical热带的brightness亮度dimension维度distance距离eclipse(日月食)wane,diminish逐渐变小centripetal向心centrifugal离心nebula星云(animmensecloudofgas(mainlyhydrogen)anddustininterstellarspace）nebulousadj.星云的Gas气体(rock,ice,hydrogen,oxygen)particle微粒polarlight极光astronomical天文的astrophysics天文物理学blackhole黑洞celestial天体的celestialmap天体图chondrite球粒状陨石chromosphere太阳的色球层clockwise顺时针cluster星团，一群星星comet彗星cosmos宇宙,cosmetic宇宙的cosmology宇宙学faint微弱的feeble微弱的gaseousbodies气态包gravitationalforce吸引力Greenwichmeantime格林尼治时间highresolution高清晰度ignite引燃illusiveobject幻影物体image影响，形象infinite无限的infraredray红外射线interferometer干扰仪intergalactic星系间的internationaldateline国际日期变更线interplanetary星球间的interstellar星际的leapyear闰年lightyear光年luminosity光亮度lunar阴历的，月亮的massive巨大的meteor流星meteorshower流星雨meteorite陨石meteoroid流星体molten融化的nakedeye裸眼observatory天文台photosphere光球层planetarium天文馆planetoid小行星polestar北极星pseudoscience伪科学quasar类星体radiation辐射revolution旋转rotation旋转satellite卫星skyatlas天体图solarcorona日冕spacedebris太空垃圾spaceshuttle太空飞船spacesuit太空服spin快速旋转starcluster星群，星团stellar星星的sunspot太阳黑子timedifference时差timezone时区科研过程hypothesisalternativehypothesis择一假说nullhypothesis无效假说,零假说collectdatasurvey,questionnaireexperimentinterfere,influenceobservationanalyzedatainterpretdataanalysisanalyticalsubjectsampletreatmentgroupnon-treatmentcontrolgroup图书馆：library图书馆librarian图书管理员publication出版物periodical期刊magazine杂志bookcatalogue图书目录classifiedcatalogue分类目录bibliography参考书目titleindex书目索引alphabeticindex按字母顺序排列的索引circulationdesk借书处reservedbooks馆藏书（只能在图书馆内借阅）librarycard借书证overduefine过期罚金periodicalreadingroom期刊阅览室onlinejournal在线期刊videotape录像带backissue过期杂志currentissue近期杂志archive档案non-fiction非小说类文学作品science-fiction科幻小说copier复印机checkout办理（借、还）手续renew续借overdue过期interlibraryservice馆际服务部分名称informationdesk服务台delivery/circulationdesk借书台shelf书架photocopyroom复印室returnarea还书处studentslocker学生存储间referencesection参考书部社交类

动词结构类

toinvite

邀请

toreceiveaninvitation

接受邀请

toattend

参加，出席

towear

穿

(formaldress,casualdress)

tovisit

拜访

tocelebrate

庆祝

tochangeyourplans

改变计划

tointroduce

介绍

名词结构类

dinner

晚餐，正餐

party

晚会

wedding

结婚

graduationceremony

毕业庆典

banquet

宴会

cocktails

鸡尾酒

barbecue

（吃烤肉的）野外宴会

picnic

（自带食物的）郊游，野餐

reception

接待

potlucksupper

家常便饭

invitation

邀请

entertainment

娱乐

host

男主人

hostess

女主人

socialevent

社会活动

形容词结构类

elegant

优雅的

formal

正式的

informal

不正式的

gracious

雅致的，有礼貌的

well-mannered

行为端庄的

black-tie西装革履的，衣冠整洁的

beautiful

美丽的

spiffy正式的；衣官楚楚的tics

战术；手段影视类

television

电视

cinema

电影院

film=movie

电影

subscriptiontelevision

收费电视

close-circuittelevision

闭路电视

direct-broadcastsatellite(DBS)system

卫星直播

telecast

（动词）电视广播；（名词）电视广播节目

live

现场直播

relay

转播

documentary

记录片

TVspecial专题片

comedy

喜剧片

tragedy

悲剧片

sitcom情景喜剧(如“成长的烦恼”,“朋友”等）

channeleight

八频道

remotecontrol

遥控器

cableTVsystem

有线电视系统

plot

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t-based以优秀为基础Studentunion学生会Clubs俱乐部Membership成员资格Careerservice生病类

动词结构类

tovisit(thedoctor)

看病

toexamine,tobeexamined

检查

toprescribe(medicine)

开（药）

totreat(anillness)

治疗

toperform(anoperation)

动（手术）

toheal,tocure

治疗

tosneeze

打喷嚏

tocough

咳嗽

torun,towater

流鼻涕

tovomit,tothrowup呕吐

torunafever,tohaveafever,temp

发烧

tofaint,topassout

晕倒，昏过去

tohurt,tobeinpain

疼

topoison,tobepoisoned

中毒

tobeallergic,tohaveanallergy

过敏

tobeinjured,tohaveaninjury

受伤

torecover,togetwell

恢复

totake(ormeasure)thetemperature

量体温

tomakeanappointment预约看病

towriteoutaprescription开处方

tofilltheprescription拿处方抓药

名词结构类

doctor,physician

医生

specialist

专家

ophthalmologist

眼科医生

dentist

牙科医生

surgeon

外科医生

dermatologist

皮肤科医生

physician

内科医生

pharmacist

药剂师

hospital

医院

nurse

护士

clinic

诊所

infirmary

医务室

dentist’soffice

牙科诊所

laboratory,lab

实验室

clinic,emergencyclinic

门诊，急诊

operation,surgery

手术，外科手术

appointment

预约

accident

事故headache

头疼

cough

咳嗽

allergy

过敏

disease,illness

疾病

cold,flu,influenza

感冒

X-ray

X-光

crutches

拐杖

temperature

体温

bloodpressure

血压

symptom

病症

medicalexamination,checkup医疗检查,体检

shots,immunizations

打针，免疫

prescription,prescriptiondrugs

处方

healthinsurance

解毒药

tablets(pills,powder)药片（药丸，药粉）

healthinsurance医疗保险

firstconsultation初查

subsequentconsultation复查

emergency急诊

laboratoryreport实验报告

bloodingtestresult验血结果

形容词结构类

healthy

健康的

unwell,ill,sick

有病的

weak,tired

虚弱的

nervous,jumpy

紧张的

sweaty,feverish

有汗的，发烧的

shivery,chilled

发抖

mild

温和的

fatal

致命的

contagious,catching,infectious

传染的

noncontagious,noninfectious

不感染的

emergency紧急的

allergic

过敏的入学：enrollment登记,注册openingceremony开业典礼,仪式commencementceremony毕业典礼convocatio正式会议（可指简单的毕业典礼）orientationmeeting开学说明会staffn.全体职员freshman（大学）一年级学生sophomore（大学）二年级学生junior（大学）三年级学生senior（大学）四年级学生tuition,fee费用placementtest开学测试excellent出色的average平均的，一般的belowaverage低于平均水平的，差的结构及称谓:university-president大学，校长chancellor名誉校长college学院school学院dean院长principal中学校长professor教授associateprofessor副教授assistantprofessor助理教授coordinator班主任，协调人counselor辅导员advisor指导老师instructor讲师tutor个人辅导supervisor管理人undergraduate本科graduate研究生建筑物buildings:canteen.餐厅cafeteria.自助餐厅administrationbuilding行政大楼mainbuilding主楼wing/annex配楼teachingbuilding教学楼dormitory宿舍auditorium会堂,礼堂=lecturehallassembly集合,集会hallcomputerlab计算实验室，机房dininghall食堂学科major主修minor副修science理科,arts文科,engineering工科Mathematics数学physics物理chemistry化学biology生物学geography地理学electronics电子学computerscience计算机科学astronomy天文学electronicsengineering电子工程学botany植物学psychology心理学zoology动物学architecture建筑学oceanography海洋学ecology生态学medicalscience医学archaeology考古学history历史学linguistics语言学pedagogies教育学，教学法anthropology人类学economics经济学statistics统计学accounting会计学philosophy哲学类型required、compulsorycourse必修课selective/optionalcourse选修课electivecourse选修课lecture讲座seminar高级研讨性课colloquium报告课tutorial个人辅导课程workshop专题课程级别Introductory入门级elementary,fundamental初级Intermediate,secondary中级Advanced高级Prerequisite先修课程选课上课：choose,selectregister/enrolnoopeningaskfortheprofessor’ssignature(signyouin)Drop(philosophy,poetry)attendclassmissclassskipclassattendancerateclassparticipationrequiredtextbookatten