RHEL6Linux磁盘分区管理

ModuleCodeandTitle:Linux操作系统Time:Apr19,2015Location:StudentID:StudentName：Class12计科1SubmissionInClass实验4:磁盘管理试验目标：1,掌握使用fdisk进行硬盘分区管理的方法；2,理解Linux分区系统体系架构；3,掌握主分区、拓展分区和逻辑分区的关系。实验环境准备：.LinuxRHELx64主机（1台虚拟机）.实验主机名修改：学号+姓名缩写,班级缩写，如：12计算机科学1班1号李小龙同学修改主机名为：01lxl.12cs1[root^localhostvi/etc/sysconfig/network|jE7W0RKlNG=yesH05TNAHE%仃】修改后，保存并重启|[root（a01lxl'1#重启回来，终端中主机名显示如此.虚拟机加载一块scsi硬盘，大小为1GB命令列表命令描述fdisk对硬盘及分区进行操作。fdisk-l列出所有的分区，包括没有挂上的分区和usb设备。mkfs格式化磁盘blkid对查询设备上所米用文件系统类型进行查询。df-hT查询文件系统使用及其挂载情况。

试验任务一：添加硬盘空间，分区并格式化实验步骤:.加载硬盘后重启电脑，使用fdisk-l找到未分区的新增硬盘，此处为/dev/sdb;[roQt@wphOl~]#fdisk-IDisk/dev/sdd：21.5GR,21474836480bytes255heads,63sector5./trackP2610c/lindersUnits=cylindersof16965*512=8225280bytesSector5-ize(logical/physicall:I/Osize((ninimLun/Dptimal)：Diskidentifier：0X0094ZfOfStartEndSector5-ize(logical/physicall:I/Osize((ninimLun/Dptimal)：Diskidentifier：0X0094ZfOfStartEndBlocksIdSystem164512000S3Linuxnotendoncylinderboundary*6426L1204584968eLinuxLVM512DeviceBoat/dev/sdal"Partition1does/dev/sda2512bytes/512bytesbytesf512bytesDi&k川”八曲：1,Di&k川”八曲：1,丁3丽，L@7374L8242S5head^f63s.ector&/trackr13Gcylinders512=822528QbytesUnits=cylinders-of16965512=822528QbytesSectorsize(logical/physical);512bytes/512bytesI/Osite(minimum/optimal):512bytesf512bytesDiskidentifier:@血血@。随。.对新增硬盘进行分区格式化，此时进入fdisk交互式操作;|[root@wptiBl'l#|fdisk/dev/sdbdevicecomeins'llUlUII!!UVJ11UUUSpartitiontable,nor5un,SCIorOSFdisklabelbuildinganewDOSdisklabelwithdiskidentifierBx629c51S4»"h日闻户，willrenalninnenoryonly,untilyourieririetowritethem.^fterthat।ofcoursefthepreviouscontentwon'tberecoverable.Mining:invalicflag日灿ofpartiiijntable4willbecorrectedb/w(nte)幅RNIMG:DOS-uonpatiblemodedeprecated.Itstronglyrecorrmendedtoswitchoffthemode(command'C)andchangedisplayunitstoseetors(commsno'u'j.8mnwnd《nfbhelp)；|.输入m查看fdisk交互式操作可用选项;pfnrnand(mforhelp):|m|koinmandactionI—'toggleabootableflageditbsddisklabeltogglethedoscompatibilityflagdeleteapartitionlistknownpetitiontypesprintthismenuaddaneurpartitioncreateanewemptyDOSpartitiontableprintthepartitiontablequitwithoutsavingchangescreateanevemptySundisklabelchangeapartition'5systemiidchangedisplay/entryunitsverifythepartitiontablewritetabletodisk,andexitextrafunctionality{expertsonly[.输入p查看当前分区情况;Command(mforhelp):pDisk/dev/sdb:1973MBr1973741824bytes255hedds,63sectars/track,130cylindersUnits=cylindersofL69&5*512=8225289bytesSectorsize(logical/physical):512bytesf512bytesI/Osize(minimum/1叩tinal)!512bytesf512bytesDiskidentifier；@x629c51S4DeviceBootStartEndBlocksIdSystemCorruidind(mfarhelp);|.输入n新建分区，Linux的硬盘最多支持4个主分区，即P+P+P+P奠式和P+P+P+E奠式，扩展分区‘E'只能有一个，扩展分区不能直接使用，还需要分成逻辑分区‘L',有利于以后新硬盘的加载，结合本实验情况，此处既可以将新硬盘划分为主分区，也可以划分为扩展分区；Di5k/dev/sdb：1073MB,1673741624bytes255he^ds,63sectors/track,136cylindersUnits=cylindersof16065*512:822528。bytesSectorsize(Icgical/ptiysical)：512bytes/512bytesI/Osi2e(miniiiuin/optiinal):512bytes/512bytesDiskidentifier:Gx€29c5184DeviceBootStartEndBlocksIdSystemCommard(hiforhelp)：nComm^pdactioneextendedpprimarypartition(1-4).新建第三个主分区，指定为500M大小;Command(mforhelp);|njCommandactioneextendedpprimarypartition(1-4)Firstcylinder(1-130^default1):Usingde'faultvalue1Lastcylinder,+cy-Lindersor+size{KfM,G}(1-139,default13S)：[+56&MCommand(mforhelp):|Command(mforhelp);[n]Command(mforhelp);[n]Commandaction电extendedpprimarypartition(1-4)ElPartitionnumber(1-4):4Firstcylinder(66-130,default66):Usingdefaultvalue66Lastcylinder,^cylindersor+size{K,MJG}(66-136,default136):Usingdefaultvalue130Commard(mforhelp);|.新建逻辑分区，将扩展分区的空间全部分配给它;

Command(mforhelp):fn1Commandaction'logical(5oroverlprimarypartition(1-4)cylinder(60-130,default66)：Usingdefaultvalue66Lastcylinder,+cylIndersor+si2e{KJMFC)(66-136,default130):.在fdisk交互模式下，使用p查看sdb的空间分配情况;Command(mforhelp);pDisk/deu/sdb:1G73MB.1673741824bytes255heads,63sector^/trackJ130cylindersUnits=cylindersoi16g5掌512=822528@bytesSectorsize(logical/physical):512bytes/512bytesI/Osize(minifium/optimal):512bytes/512bytesDiskidentifier：9xe29c5184DeviceBoot/dev/sdb3/dev/sdb4/dev/sdb5StartEndBlocksDeviceBoot/dev/sdb3/dev/sdb4/dev/sdb5StartEndBlocksIdSystem16552208183Linux6613G522112+5Extended6613052208183LinuxCommand(mforhelp];.输入w退出fdisk交互模式，使用fdisk-l查看系统所有磁盘分区情况;tommand(mforhelp)jw]ThepartitiontablehasSeenaltered!tailingioctl()tore^readpartitiontable.Eyncingdisks.f[root3wphOlT#fdi&k-IDisk/dev/sda;2L5GBF21474836480bytesp55heads,63sectors/track,261DcylindersUnits=cylindersof169&5牢512=B225286bytessectorsize(logical/p^y&ical)i512bytes/512bytesI/Osize(minimum/optimal):512b/tesf512bytesDiskidentifier：9xQfl942f6fDeviceBootStartEndBlocksIdSystem/dev/sdal”16451260日83LinuxPartition1d。”notendoncylinderboundary./dev/sda2642611204584968eLinuxLUMbisk/dev/sdb：1973mb,1073741824byte5255heads,63sectc>r&/trackF13。cylindersUnits-cylindersof16065*512=822528。bytesSectorsize(logical/piysical);512bytes/512bytesI/Osize((ninimum/ciptim^l):512bytesf512bytesbiskidentifier:0)c629c5184DeviceBootStartEndBlocksIdSystem/dev/5db316552208183Linux,dev/5db4$6130522112+5Extended/dev/sdbs86130522Q8183LinuxDisk/dev/inapper/ValGroup-lvroot:18.9GB.189B308825Bbytes255heads,63sectars/track,2301cylindersUnits=cylindersofL60&5*512=822528Gbyt&sSectorsize(LagLcal/p^iyiicaK:51Zbytes/512bytesI/Osize((ninirnum/optirnal);512bytesf512bytesbi5kidentifier:9x00000000.使用mkfs命令创建文件系统，ext4是linux系统的文件格式;[roGtgwpheiT#mkfs-text4/dev/sdb3[roatgwphBlT#mkfs-text4/dev/sdb5.创建2个目录用于挂载新建的2个分区;[r&ot@wph61-]#mkdir/diskl[root?wphOl〜j#mkdir/disk2.使用blkid命令查看UUID[rciot^wph61-1#Iroott^jphfil-l#[tLkid_^/<lev/loop0:l_ABEL=nRH^L6.4k8£64Disc1"T¥PE="i5a966&"pev/5dai;uuid='c0b93E}^c-290+-45f9-ai5b-idZ6b^4i2age'T¥PE=,ext4"/dev/5da2;UUlD="CRfLHF-T944t)hBt-UbkD-456z-o5RM-oU3AU5"T?fPE^"LVP2member''/dev/sdbj：uud='ddeo4ddo-5Sf9-47TT'Bceb'esi8ie3e6i7e'iYPE="exi+'/dev/sdb5:UUID="cfa69bba-ed4a-4fb4-9ie7^bd69^481aS"TYPE="ext4"呷per/VQiGrQ叩Tvroot:UUID='3acfa031-aed9-459&bOSe-Z^cafeMaZ4''T7PE二。t4”/tiev/mapper/VolGroiIp-1vswap:UUID="a3541985-56d5-4c74he1Q：?7164d8cl?rt)"TYPE="swap"][「gt而ihgl7#|.在/etc/fstab中添加文件系统挂载信息;,dev，m(ipe「/Yd1心「□up-1廿root/exI.4defaults11UinD=c^93B4c-29B4-45f9-al5b'ld2SbMUa9e/tiev/dtepper/voloroup--lswapsxapLttnpfs/d&v/sfwdevpt$/dev/pts|E/5f5/sysproc/proc|，&£丫/4已广加/HKdi白ntJIb-adee4ddB-56f9471f8&ebeSlflleaefine加】口・《f看69bgud4a4fb4升07ybeI69构物质白/bootext4叩defaultsttipfsdefaultsd