Unit 3 知识点学案-高中英语人教版选择性必修第三册

选择性必修三Unit3eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点1)starvevi.&vt.(使)挨饿；饿死[教材原句P26]Anexpertwhohasstudiedpolarbearsformanyyearssaidthatfromthepositionofitsdeadbody，thebearappearedtohavestarvedanddied.[例1]Thenewjobdoesn'tpayasmuchbutwewon'tstarve![例2]Thestarvationisstillaveryseriousproblemtoday.It’ssaidthatoneinsevenpeopleintheworldisstarving.Fortunately,theUNhastakenalotofmeasurestoprotectthemfrombeingstarvedtodeath.[知识拓展](1)starvetodeath 饿死starvefor 渴望；急需bethirsty/hungry/desperate/eagerfor(2)starvedadj. 感到很饿的bestarvedtodeath 被饿死bestarvedof/for 极需；缺乏(3)starvationn. 挨饿；饿死[即学即练][小片段助记]Mr.Whiteearnsonlyalittlewage，sohe_____(渴望)ajobwithbetterpay.Yousee，noonelikesto_____(饿死).知识要点2sustainvt.维持=maintain,遭受,承受住=support[例1]Theyfounditdifficulttosustainaninterestintheirtalk.[例2]Thecompanysustainedlossesofmillionsofdollars.[例3]Theicewillnotsustainyourweight.[即学即练]_____isabrandnewideaofsocietydevelopment.可持续发展是一种全新的社会发展观。知识要点3fueln.燃料,刺激性言行[例1]Weaddcarbondioxidetotheairwhenweburnthings,especiallyfossilfuels.[例2]Thecompanyaddedfueltothefirebysendingmethedressinthewrongsize.[例3]Thatmatchfueledmyinterestinsports.【熟词生义】HowChinahasfueledthefashionableimaginationforcenturies?知识要点4restrictvt.限制；限定；束缚[教材原句P27]Weasindividualscanalsoreduceour“carbonfootprint”byrestrictingtheamountofcarbondioxideourlifestylesproduce.[例1]Havingsmallchildrentendstorestrictyourfreedom.[例2]Herestrictshimselftoonecupofcoffeeaday.[知识拓展](1)restrict...to... 把……限制在……berestrictedto 限于restrictsb./oneselftodoingsth. 约束……干……(2)restrictionn. 限制规定；限制法规；控制strict/tough/tightrestriction 严格限制[即学即练]单句语法填空Theparkisopentothepublicwithout_____(restrict)．知识要点5seizevt.抓住；夺取；控制[教材原句P27]Itisourresponsibilitytoseizeeveryopportunitytoeducateeveryoneaboutglobalwarming...[例1]Shetriedtoseizethegunfromhim.[例2]Thearmyhasseizedcontrolofthecountry.【熟词生义】Althoughhehadreadthepassageoverandoveragain,hedidn’tseizeitsgeneralidea.[知识拓展]seizethechance/opportunity 抓住机会seize...by/withterror/desire 被恐惧/欲望占据seizesb.bythearm 抓住某人胳膊seizeon/upon 采用；抓住；利用[即学即练]单句语法填空①Weseize_____hisremarkandregarditasapromise.②Thelittleboyseizedmeby_____armtobegforsomemoney.知识要点6submitvt.&vi.提交；呈递；屈服；顺从；认为[教材原句P28]Accordingtothereportsubmittedbyresearchers，between20and25percentofallannualcarbondioxideemissionsarecausedbythedestructionoftropicalforests.[例1]Completedprojectsmustbesubmittedby10March.[例2]Sheisastrong-willedpersonwhoneversubmitstofailure.[知识拓展](1)submitsth.tosb. 提交；呈递某物给某人submit(oneself)tosb./sth. （尤指无可选择时）同意，服从=giveinsubmitthat 提议；认为(2)submissiveadj. 服从的；顺从的；恭顺的submissionn. 屈服；呈送；提交[即学即练][小片段助记]Thegeneralhadto_____theagreementtotheenemies.Thatistosay，he_____them.知识要点7onbehalfof代表(代替)某人[教材原句P29]I'mdoingaprojectonbehalfofmyschoolaboutglobalwarming.[例1]Don’tgotoanytroubleonmybehalf.[例2]OnbehalfofthedepartmentIwouldliketothankyouall.[知识拓展]onbehalfof＝onsb.'sbehalfinbehalfof＝insb.'sbehalf(美国英语)都可表示“做某人的代表或代言人；为某人之利益”。知识要点8sensitiveadj.敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的[教材原句P29]Whyisnuclearpowerasensitivetopic?[例1]Sheisverysensitivetootherpeople'sfeelings.[例2]Wetlandsareenvironmentallysensitivearea.[知识拓展](1)besensitiveabout/to... 对……敏感的(2)sensibleadj. 明智的[即学即练]单句语法填空①Peoplemustbesensitive_____thispossibilitywhentheymakevolunteeractivitiesamust.②Ithinkthesuggestionis_____(sense)．知识要点9inspectionn.检查；查看；视察[教材原句P33]Atthesametime，theystartedtocarryoutinspectionsregularlyandfinetouristorganisationsforabuses.[例1]Theheadmasterwentonatourofinspectionofalltheclassrooms.[例2]Engineerscarriedoutathoroughinspectionofthetrack.[知识拓展](1)daily/routineinspection 日常检查(2)inspectvt. 检查；视察[即学即练]单句语法填空Thevisitingpresident_____thetroops.来访的总统检阅了部队。知识要点10toleratevt.忍受；包容；容许[教材原句P34]Thevillagerscouldnolongertoleratethesituation.[例1]Thissortofbehaviourwillnotbetolerated.[例2]Idon'tknowhowyoutoleratethatnoisetolerate(doing)sth. 容忍(做)某事(2)tolerancen. 容忍；宽容havenotoleranceof/forsth. 不能容忍某事/物(3)tolerantadj.---intolerant(反) 宽容的；容忍的betolerantof/towardssb./sth. 忍受、宽容某人/某事[即学即练]单句语法填空①Icouldnottoleratetheir_____(make)upanyexcusesforwhattheydid.②Someplantsare_____(tolerate)ofextremeheat.SentencePatternseq\a\vs4\al(重点句式1)Thereislittledoubtthat...[教材原句P26]ThereislittledoubtthatEarthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.[例1]Thereisnodoubtthatitwasastrangeandinterestingsituation.[例2]Thereisnodenyingthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingabouthowcomputerswork.[造句]Thereissomedoubtwhetherhewillcometohelpus.[知识拓展](1)Ihavenodoubtthat... 我确信……Ihavesomedoubtwhether... 我怀疑……(2)Idoubtwhether/if­clause 我怀疑……Doyoudoubtthat­clause? 你怀疑……吗？[即学即练]单句语法填空Idoubt_____wewillmakeaprofitoutofit.eq\a\vs4\al(重点句式2)notonly...butalso...[教材原句P27]Thereisstrongandcomprehensiveevidencethattheriseintemperaturehasledtoanincreaseinextremeweatherandnaturaldisastersworldwide，notonlycausingseriousdamage，butalsocostinghumanlives.[例1]Airnotonlyoccupiesspace，butitalsohasweight.[例2]Shakespearewasnotonlyawriterbutalsoanactor.[造句]老工人对青年工人不仅言传而且身教。Theoldworkersinstructtheyoungworkersnotonlyinwordsbutindeeds.[知识拓展](1)notonly与butalso后面所连接的词的词性必须对等。(2)notonly只能连用，而butalso既可连用，也可分开用。notonly与butalso后面所连接的词作主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近一致原则”，谓语动词的数应与butalso后的名词的数保持一致。(3)notonly放在句首，后接句子要用部分倒装。[即学即练]单句语法填空①Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacher_____(be)invited.②Notonly_____youfunny，butalsoyouarewitty(机智的)．重点句式3.Waterpollutionlevelsincreased,withmorehouseholdandcommercialwasteendingupintheriver.随着越来越多的家庭和商业废物流入江中,水污染程度不断上升。

【句式解构】“with+名词+v.-ing分词”是with的复合结构,它在句中作状语。其中名词后的v.-ing分词还可以是v.-ed分词、形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、不定式等。*Withtheteacherstandingbeside,shefeltabituneasy.*Withanativebeingourguide,weneedn’tbeafraidofgettinglost.*Withhertogowithus,we’resuretohaveapleasantjourney.*Withhishaircut,helooksmuchyounger.教材对接高考教材高考1.Thereisstrongandco