九年级英语定语从句课件

TheAttributiveClauseTheAttributiveClause1定语从句的概念在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面，引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。定语从句的概念2二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词（在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语）和关系副词（在定语从句中作状语），常见的关系代词包括that，which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。二、定语从句的关系词3词形先行词在句中作用关that人或物主,宾语系which物主,宾语who人主,宾语代whom人宾语词Whose(=ofwhom/ofwhich)人或物定语关When(=介词+which)时间状语系Where(=介词+which)地点状语副how方式状语词Why(=forwhich)原因状语词形先行词在句中作用关that人或物主,宾语系whi4三、定语从句的分类

根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。三、定语从句的分类

根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句5四、关系代词的用法

1.that既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：Marylikesmusicthatisquietandgentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that作主语）Thecoat（that）Iputonthedeskisblue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。（that作宾语）

四、关系代词的用法

1.that既可以用于指人，也可62.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：Thebuildingwhichstandsnearthetrainstationisasupermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。（作主语）Thefilm（which）wesawlastnightwaswonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。（作宾语）2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，73.who，whom用于指人，who用作主语或宾语（与that指人时可替换），whom只用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom，也可省略。例如：ThegirlwhooftenhelpsmewithmyEnglishisfromEngland.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。（作主语，不可省略）Sheknowthenurse(who/whom/that)wemetyesterday.他认识我们昨天见到的那位护士。（作宾语，可省略）3.who，whom用于指人，who用作主语或宾语（与t8注意：（1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who，that，which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如：Thisisthehouseinwhichwelivedlastyear.这是我们去年居住的房子。PleasetellmefromwhomyouborrowedtheEnglishnovel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。

注意：（1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who，9（2）含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：Thisisthepersonwhomyouarelookingfor.这就是你要找的那个人。（2）含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的103）that作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：Thecitythatshelivesinisveryfaraway.她居住的城市非常远。3）that作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从11（4）关系词只能用that的情况：a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：Hewasthefirstpersonthatpassedtheexam.他是第一个通过考试的人。

（4）关系词只能用that的情况：12b.被修饰的先行词为all，any，much，many，everything，anything，none，theone等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuyintheshop？你在商店里有什么东西要买吗？b.被修饰的先行词为all，any，much，many13c.先行词被theonly，thevery，thesame，thelast，little，few等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：ThisisthesamebikethatIlost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。c.先行词被theonly，thevery，th14d.先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：IcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepicturesthatIsawintheroom.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。d.先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用wh15e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：Whoisthegirlthatiscrying？正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用16f.主句是therebe结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.例如：ThereisabookonthedeskthatbelongstoTom.桌子上那本书是汤姆的。f.主句是therebe结构，修饰主语的定语从句用tha175）关系词只能用which，而不用that的情况

a.先行词为that，those时，用which，而不用that.例如：

What’sthatwhichisunderthedesk？在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？

5）关系词只能用which，而不用that的情况a.先18b.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.例如：

Thisistheroominwhichhelives.这是他居住的房间。

b.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.例19c.引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that.例如：

Tomcameback，whichmadeushappy.汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴c.引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that.20五、关系副词的用法

（1）when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。例如：Thiswasthetimewhenhearrived.这是他到达的时间。

五、关系副词的用法

（1）when指时间，其先行词表示时21（2）where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。例如：Thisisplacewhereheworks.这是他工作的地点。

（2）where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。22（（3）why指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。例如：Nobodyknowsthereasonwhyheisoftenlateforschool.没人知道他为什么上学总迟到（（3）why指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。23appletheredthegreenthesmallthebigTheapplewhichisredismine.Theapplewhichisgreenisyours.TheapplewhichisredissmallTheapplewhichisgreenisbig.appletheredTheapplewhich24thehandsomethetallthestrongthecleverthenaughtyboyTheboyisTom.Theboy

whoishandsomeisTom.Theboy

whoistallisTom.Theboy

whoisstrongisTomTheboy

whoiscleverisTomTheboy

whoisnaughtyisTom.thehandsomeboyTheboyisTom.25TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.TheboywhoissmilingisTom.

(主语)Theboy

whohasaroundfaceisTom.TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.ThemanwhositsinfrontofmeisTom.TheboyisTom.Theboyis26Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.Theman(who)everyonelikesiskind.

(宾语)

Thewomangotthejob.

Wesawheronthestreet.Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreet

gotthejob.Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.

Wemettheteacheryesterday.Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.Themaniskind.Everyonel27Theboyisinthelab.

Youwanttotalktohim.Theboy(whom)youwanttotalkto

isinthelab.Theboytowhomyouwanttotalk

isinthelab.Thisistheboy.Isitbehindhim.Thisistheboy(whom)Isitbehind.ThisistheboybehindwhomIsit.Theboyisinthelab.Theb28Theladysteppedonhisfoot.

Hewasdancingwiththelady.Thelady(whom)hewasdancingwithsteppedonhisfoot.Doyouknowtheman?

Youwillvisithimtoday.Doyouknowthemanwhomyouwillvisittoday?Theladysteppedonhisfoot29关系代词:

1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）ThemanwhoItalkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)InoddedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomInoddedisProfessorLi.3.当先行词是those,she,he,they等代詞時,关系代词用who.

Those

whowerelateforclassraiseyourhands.关系代词:1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）T30

Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoat.

Thegoatiseatingherflowers.Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoatwhich

iseatingherflowers.Canyoulendmethebook?

Youtalkedaboutitlastnight.Canyoulendmethebook(which)youtalkedaboutlastnight.Canyoulendmethebookaboutwhich

youtalkedlastnight?Mrs.Clarkisangrywithth31Doyoufindthepen?Iwrotewithitjustnow.DoyoufindthepenwithwhichIwrotejustnow?Doyoufindthepen(which)Iwrotewithjustnow?Doyoufindthepen?Doyou323.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Thisrecorder（which）heisusingismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?3.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,Th33

that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）A34

that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,

一般用that而不用which。Iamsureshehassomething(that)

youcanborrow.I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,35that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,

一般用that而不用which。

(5)先行词是who或who引导的主句。

Whoisthegirl

thatdrovethecar?Whothatbrokethewindowwillbepunished.(6)主句以Therebe引导时

Thereare200peoplethatdidn’tknowthething.(7)当先行词在定语从句中作be表语時，关系代词用that.Sheisn’tthegirl

thatshewas10yearsago.(8)当先行词是which时，关系代词用that.Whichisthebookthatyouboughtlastweek?that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但36Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.注意：介词提前时只能用which而不能用that。4.

that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?fromthatHeistheman(that)Itoldyo37(1)Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld.

Wemetheryesterday.ThescientistØwemetyesterdayisveryfamous

whointheworld.whomthat(2)Thedressisnew.Sheiswearingit.Thedressthatsheiswearingisnew.

whichØ

(1)Thescientistisveryfamo38(3)Heisthekindperson.

Ihaveeverworkedwithhim.

(4)Thisisthebestfilm.Ihaveeverseenthisfilm.HeisthekindpersonthatIhaveeverworkedwith.

whowhomØThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.

Ø(3)Heisthekindperson.(439that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,

一般用which而不用that。

(1)关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语（介词提前）Thosearemanytreesunderwhichtheycanhavearest.(2)在非限制性定语从句中Football

,

whichisaverypopulargame,isplayedallovertheworld.that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但40限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：Mysister,whoistwenty,worksinabank.Themanwhocamehereyesterdayhascomeagain.限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句，写时往往逗号分开。限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：Mysister,wh41whose

在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词与whose

后的名词为所属关系。

whose多指人，也可指物，指物时可与ofwhich互换使用。Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.Thisisthebookofwhichthecoverisblue.whose在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词Thisist42Doyouknowthegirlwhosehairisveryshortinourclass?Doyouknowthegirl?Herhairisveryshortinourclass.Heisthestudent.Ibrokehispencilyesterday.HeisthestudentwhosepencilI

brokeyesterday.Doyouknowthegirlwhosehai43MrKing,whoselegswerebadlyhurt,wasquicklytakentohospital.MrKingwasquicklytakentohospital.Herlegswerebadlyhurt.HerWeshallmakeadecisionaboutMsKing,whosestoryIhavetoldyou.WeshallmakeadecisionaboutMsKing.Ihavetoldyouherstory.herMrKing,whoselegswerebadly44Thisteacher,withwhosesonIwork,

islikedbyallthestudents.Thisteacherislikedbyallthestudents.Iworkwithherson.Thechairisbeingrepairednow.Thelegsofthechairarebroken.Thechairwhoselegsarebrokenisbeingrepairednow.Thechair,thelegsofwhicharebroken,isbeingrepairednow.Thisteacher,withwhosesonI45Thebossofthecompany,whosenamewasMrLittle,toldthestoryaboutMsKing.Thebossofthecompanytoldthestoryabout….HisnamewasMrLittle.HisThebossinwhosedepartmentMrKingworkedhadheardabouttheaccident.Thebosshadheardabouttheaccident.MrKingworkedinhisdepartment.hisThebossofthecompany,whose46复习定语从句中的关系副词：when,where,why复习定语从句中的关系副词：when,where,wh47when在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”。I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheleague.onwhichwhere在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”。ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.inwhichwhen在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词+I’lln48why在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于“介词for+关系代词（which）”。Doyouknowthereasonwhyshewaslate.Itrainedheavily,forwhichhewaslatefortheclass.why在定语从句中作原因状语，相当Doyouknowt49*As和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别：Which引导的从句与主句关系较密切，常放在主句之后；而as引导从句，可放在句首、句中或句尾。Which既可代指先行词，又可代指整个主句的内容。相当于“andthis”or“andthat”.译为“这一点”。而as则只能代指整个主句的内容。译为“正如…..那样”，且已形成固定结构。如：asisknown,asissaid,asisreported,asisoftenthecase,asisexpected.Etc.eg.Einstein,asisknown,isafamousscientist.

Asisreported,Chinahasbecomeanimportantcountryintheworld.Hedidn’tcometoattendthemeeting,asisexpected.Bambooishollow,whichmakesitverylight.Mysonnowgoestotheschool,whichIusedgotowhenIwasachild.*As和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别：Whic50Heistheman___housethepicturesaretaken.

A.whoseB.whichC.fromwhoseD.that2.Helivesintheflat,___hecansee___ishappen-inginthestreet.A.there/whatB.where/somethingC.fromwhosewindow/allthat3.Thatwasthemostinterestingfilm___Ihaveseen.A.whoseB.thatC.whichD.what4.AheadofmeIsawawoman___Ithoughtwasmyaunt.

A.whoB.whomC.fromwhomD.ofwhom5.Watchthegirlandherdog___arecrossingthestreet.

A.whoB.whichC.thatD.theyHeistheman___housethepic516.Heistheveryoneofthestudents____goodatEnglish.A.whodoesB.thatisC.whomdoD.whichare7.Thesecondbook___IwanttoreadisTraveisinChinabyRewiAlley.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.as8.Heisthesameteacher___spokeatthemeetingontheopeningceremony.

A.asB.whomC.thatD.who9.Thedays___Ispentinthecountrysideinmychildhoodwasthehappiesttime___Ihadeverhadinmylife.

D.that/thatA.when/whenB.when/thatC.that/which6.Heistheveryoneofthes52

TheEndThankyou!T53TheAttributiveClauseTheAttributiveClause54定语从句的概念在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面，引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。定语从句的概念55二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词（在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语）和关系副词（在定语从句中作状语），常见的关系代词包括that，which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。二、定语从句的关系词56词形先行词在句中作用关that人或物主,宾语系which物主,宾语who人主,宾语代whom人宾语词Whose(=ofwhom/ofwhich)人或物定语关When(=介词+which)时间状语系Where(=介词+which)地点状语副how方式状语词Why(=forwhich)原因状语词形先行词在句中作用关that人或物主,宾语系whi57三、定语从句的分类

根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。三、定语从句的分类

根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句58四、关系代词的用法

1.that既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：Marylikesmusicthatisquietandgentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that作主语）Thecoat（that）Iputonthedeskisblue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。（that作宾语）

四、关系代词的用法

1.that既可以用于指人，也可592.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：Thebuildingwhichstandsnearthetrainstationisasupermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。（作主语）Thefilm（which）wesawlastnightwaswonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。（作宾语）2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，603.who，whom用于指人，who用作主语或宾语（与that指人时可替换），whom只用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom，也可省略。例如：ThegirlwhooftenhelpsmewithmyEnglishisfromEngland.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。（作主语，不可省略）Sheknowthenurse(who/whom/that)wemetyesterday.他认识我们昨天见到的那位护士。（作宾语，可省略）3.who，whom用于指人，who用作主语或宾语（与t61注意：（1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who，that，which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如：Thisisthehouseinwhichwelivedlastyear.这是我们去年居住的房子。PleasetellmefromwhomyouborrowedtheEnglishnovel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。

注意：（1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who，62（2）含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：Thisisthepersonwhomyouarelookingfor.这就是你要找的那个人。（2）含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的633）that作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：Thecitythatshelivesinisveryfaraway.她居住的城市非常远。3）that作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从64（4）关系词只能用that的情况：a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：Hewasthefirstpersonthatpassedtheexam.他是第一个通过考试的人。

（4）关系词只能用that的情况：65b.被修饰的先行词为all，any，much，many，everything，anything，none，theone等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuyintheshop？你在商店里有什么东西要买吗？b.被修饰的先行词为all，any，much，many66c.先行词被theonly，thevery，thesame，thelast，little，few等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：ThisisthesamebikethatIlost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。c.先行词被theonly，thevery，th67d.先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：IcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepicturesthatIsawintheroom.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。d.先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用wh68e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：Whoisthegirlthatiscrying？正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用69f.主句是therebe结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.例如：ThereisabookonthedeskthatbelongstoTom.桌子上那本书是汤姆的。f.主句是therebe结构，修饰主语的定语从句用tha705）关系词只能用which，而不用that的情况

a.先行词为that，those时，用which，而不用that.例如：

What’sthatwhichisunderthedesk？在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？

5）关系词只能用which，而不用that的情况a.先71b.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.例如：

Thisistheroominwhichhelives.这是他居住的房间。

b.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.例72c.引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that.例如：

Tomcameback，whichmadeushappy.汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴c.引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that.73五、关系副词的用法

（1）when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。例如：Thiswasthetimewhenhearrived.这是他到达的时间。

五、关系副词的用法

（1）when指时间，其先行词表示时74（2）where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。例如：Thisisplacewhereheworks.这是他工作的地点。

（2）where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。75（（3）why指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。例如：Nobodyknowsthereasonwhyheisoftenlateforschool.没人知道他为什么上学总迟到（（3）why指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。76appletheredthegreenthesmallthebigTheapplewhichisredismine.Theapplewhichisgreenisyours.TheapplewhichisredissmallTheapplewhichisgreenisbig.appletheredTheapplewhich77thehandsomethetallthestrongthecleverthenaughtyboyTheboyisTom.Theboy

whoishandsomeisTom.Theboy

whoistallisTom.Theboy

whoisstrongisTomTheboy

whoiscleverisTomTheboy

whoisnaughtyisTom.thehandsomeboyTheboyisTom.78TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.TheboywhoissmilingisTom.

(主语)Theboy

whohasaroundfaceisTom.TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.ThemanwhositsinfrontofmeisTom.TheboyisTom.Theboyis79Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.Theman(who)everyonelikesiskind.

(宾语)

Thewomangotthejob.

Wesawheronthestreet.Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreet

gotthejob.Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.

Wemettheteacheryesterday.Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.Themaniskind.Everyonel80Theboyisinthelab.

Youwanttotalktohim.Theboy(whom)youwanttotalkto

isinthelab.Theboytowhomyouwanttotalk

isinthelab.Thisistheboy.Isitbehindhim.Thisistheboy(whom)Isitbehind.ThisistheboybehindwhomIsit.Theboyisinthelab.Theb81Theladysteppedonhisfoot.

Hewasdancingwiththelady.Thelady(whom)hewasdancingwithsteppedonhisfoot.Doyouknowtheman?

Youwillvisithimtoday.Doyouknowthemanwhomyouwillvisittoday?Theladysteppedonhisfoot82关系代词:

1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）ThemanwhoItalkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)InoddedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomInoddedisProfessorLi.3.当先行词是those,she,he,they等代詞時,关系代词用who.

Those

whowerelateforclassraiseyourhands.关系代词:1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）T83

Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoat.

Thegoatiseatingherflowers.Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoatwhich

iseatingherflowers.Canyoulendmethebook?

Youtalkedaboutitlastnight.Canyoulendmethebook(which)youtalkedaboutlastnight.Canyoulendmethebookaboutwhich

youtalkedlastnight?Mrs.Clarkisangrywithth84Doyoufindthepen?Iwrotewithitjustnow.DoyoufindthepenwithwhichIwrotejustnow?Doyoufindthepen(which)Iwrotewithjustnow?Doyoufindthepen?Doyou853.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Thisrecorder（which）heisusingismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?3.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,Th86

that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）A87

that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,

一般用that而不用which。Iamsureshehassomething(that)

youcanborrow.I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,88that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,

一般用that而不用which。

(5)先行词是who或who引导的主句。

Whoisthegirl

thatdrovethecar?Whothatbrokethewindowwillbepunished.(6)主句以Therebe引导时

Thereare200peoplethatdidn’tknowthething.(7)当先行词在定语从句中作be表语時，关系代词用that.Sheisn’tthegirl

thatshewas10yearsago.(8)当先行词是which时，关系代词用that.Whichisthebookthatyouboughtlastweek?that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但89Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.注意：介词提前时只能用which而不能用that。4.

that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?fromthatHeistheman(that)Itoldyo90(1)Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld.

Wemetheryesterday.ThescientistØwemetyesterdayisveryfamous

whointheworld.whomthat(2)Thedressisnew.Sheiswearingit.Thedressthatsheiswearingisnew.

whichØ

(1)Thescientistisveryfamo91(3)Heisthekindperson.

Ihaveeverworkedwithhim.

(4)Thisisthebestfilm.Ihaveeverseenthisfilm.HeisthekindpersonthatIhaveeverworkedwith.

whowhomØThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.

Ø(3)Heisthekindperson.(492that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,

一般用which而不用that。

(1)关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语（介词提前）Thosearemanytreesunderwhichtheycanhavearest.(2)在非限制性定语从句中Football

,

whichisaverypopulargame,isplayedallovertheworld.that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但93限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：Mysister,whoistwenty,worksinabank.Themanwhocamehereyesterdayhascomeagain.限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句，写时往往逗号分开。限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：Mysister,wh94whose

在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词与whose

后的名词为所属关系。

whose多指人，也可指物，指物时可与ofwhich互换使用。Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.Thisisthebookofwhichthecoverisblue.whose在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词Thisist95Doyouknowthegirlwhosehairisveryshortinourclass?Doyouknowthegirl?Herhairisveryshortinourclass.Heisthestudent.Ibrokehispencilyesterday.HeisthestudentwhosepencilI

brokeyesterday.Doyouknowthegirlwhosehai96MrKing,whoselegswerebadlyhurt,wasquicklytakentohospital.MrKingwasquicklytakentohospital.Herlegswerebadlyhurt.HerWeshallmakeadecisionaboutMsKing,whosestoryIhavetoldyou.WeshallmakeadecisionaboutMsKing.Ihavetoldyouherstory.herMrKing,whoselegswerebadly97Thisteacher,withwhosesonIwork,

islikedbyallthestudents.Thisteacherislikedbyallthestudents.Iworkwithherson.Thechairisbeingrepairednow.Thelegsofthechairarebroken.Thechairwhoselegsarebrokenisbeingrepairednow.Thechair,thelegsofwhicharebroken,isbeingrepairednow.