河南专升本（英语）模拟试卷7

河南专升本（英语）模拟试卷7（总分：202.00,做题时间：90分钟）一、VocabularyandStructure（总题数：40,分数：80.00）Universitiesgenerallytheirstudentsfromamongthehighschoolgraduates.（分数：2.00）providechooseselectJreceive解析：解析：provide：提供；choose：选择（指一般的选择）；select：挑选（指精选，即有所淘汰）：receive：接受。根据句意可知，选C。DoyoutoknowMr.Cooper,stelephonenumberandmai1address?（分数：2.00）offerhappenVseemfeel解析：解析：happentodosth.是固定搭配，意为“碰巧做某事”，用于本句中表示言语的委婉。故选BoWewantthecommitteetothedetailsoftheplan.（分数：2.00）lookforgiveupC.breakdownD.workoutJ解析：Withoutyourinstruction,Isuchgreatprogress.（分数：2.00）wouldnothavemadeJcannotmakewillnotmakeD.hadnotmade解析：Wecouldseethestarswellfromthetopofthemountain.（分数：2.00）clearlygenerallyfairlyVclosely解析：Whenwehavedinnerverylatewedon'twashupthenextmorning.（分数：2.00）beforeinattillV解析：解析：not…till（until）是固定搭配，意为“直到 才"。故选D。Thenationasawholecannotbecomerichthepeasantsarerelativelywelloff.（分数：2.00）ifbeforethoughunlessV解析：解析sif：如果，即使；before：在 之前：though：虽然：unless：除非，如果不，相当于if…not。根据句意可知，选D。Mr.SmithtoBeijing,forIsawhiminthelibraryjustnow.（分数：2.00）A.couldn*thavegoneVmustn*thavegoneC.shouldn*thavegoneD.needn*thavegone解析：解析：根据句意可知，本句表示的是对过去情况的否定推测，所以应用couldn'thavegone,意为“不可能去了 ”。没有mustn'thavegone这种用法；shouldn,thavegone意为“本不应该去“：needn,thavegone意为"没必要去"。故选A。Threeofuswillgothere,andtheresttostayhere.（分数：2.00）isareJwaswere解析：解析：根据句意可知，therest在此处表示的是“其余的人”，其后应用复数形式，所以排除A、C项。另外，由前面分句中的willgo可知，此处应用aretodo形式，表示一般将来。故选B。10.hecametohavesuchavaluablepaintingisamystery.（分数：2.00）HowVThatWhatWhich解析：解析：本题考查主语从句的引导词。分析句子结构，并结合句意可知，此处应用how引导，表示方式，意为“怎样，如何"，在从句中作状语，符合题意。故选A。amsorrythatIamnotinatohelpyourightnow.（分数：2.00）responsibilitypositionJpowerskill解析：解析：beinapositiontodosth.是固定搭配，意为“有能力做某事”。故选B。Ournewhouseisvery,forIcangettomyofficeinfiveminutes.（分数：2.00）comfortablepleasantC.convenientJD.available解析：解析：comfortable：舒服的；pleasant：高兴的；convenient：方便的：available：可得到的。根据句意可知，选C。Theaudiencestoodandattheendoftheperformance.（分数：2.00）A.welcomedB.clappedJwavedcelebrated解析：14.isknowntoall,theearthmovesaroundthesunonceayear.（分数：2.00）ThatAsVWhatIt解析：Hehadtwodaughters,AliceandSarah,theofwhommarriedanarchaeologist.（分数：2.00）youngformerVelderlyD.old解析：解析：young：年轻的；former：前者的；elderly：上了年纪的，稍老的；old：老的。根据句意可知，选B。Tommightnothavemadesuchaseriousmistakeifheyouradvice.（分数：2.00）A.followedB.followsC.hadfollowedJD.hasfollowed解析：解析：本题是与过去事实相反的虚拟假设，主句谓语动词用might（not）havedone,if引导的条件句的谓语应用haddone的形式。故选C。WhenIgotmyfirstjob,Iearly.ButnowadaysIusuallystayinbeduntillatemorning.（分数：2.00）A.couldgetupB.usedtogettingupC.wasusedtogetupD.usedtogetupV解析：解析：usedto有两个意思，当表示“习惯于”时，其前应有be动词，其后接动名词形式；当表示“过去常常”时，其后应接动词原形。根据句意可知，此处属于第二种情况，故选D。Mymotheraskedmewherethekey.（分数：2.00）A.didIleaveIhaveleftIhadleftVhadIleft解析：解析：双宾语结构asksb.sth.表示“向某人询问某事”。分析句意及句子结构可知，后面是一个由where引导的宾语从句，所以从句中应用陈述语序：又因为主句谓语asked用的是过去式，而从句动作发生在ask之前，因此从句应用过去完成时，表示事情发生在“过去的过去"。故选C。feltsoembarrassedthatIcouldn*tdoanythingbuttherewhenIfirstmetmypresentboss.（分数：2.00）tositsittingsatsitV解析：解析：couldn*tdoanythingbut其后应接不带to的动词不定式。故选D。Thescientistswantedtokeeppeopleaboutthebreakthroughintheirexperiment.（分数：2.00）informinforminginformedVtoinform解析：解析：固定搭配keepsb.doingsth.意为“使某人一直做某事"，keepsb.done意为“使某人被……”。inform意为“通知，告诉"，与people之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，因此要用过去分词形式informed,表示被动。1amveryfamiliarthiscityasIhavebeenlivinghereformorethan10years.（分数：2.00）towithJinfor解析：Manypeoplebelievethatonehas,oneis,butactuallyitisnottrue.（分数：2.00）themoremoney:thehappierVthemoremoney:themorehappythelessmoney:thehappierthelessmoney:themorehappy解析：Myfatherisverybusy,andSundayistheonlydayhecanrelax.（分数：2.00）wherethatwhichwhenJ解析：解析：分析句子结构可知，本题考查定语从句。先行词是表示时间的名词day,并且定语从句是一个完整的句子，因此应该用关系副词when引导定语从句，在从句中作状语。1wouldliketostayinthesmal1townduetoitsweather.（分数：2.00）generalsoftmiIdVgentle解析：解析：general：一般的，大体的：soft：柔软的，温柔的：mild：温暖的，（天气）温和的：gentle：亲切的，优雅的。根据句意，选C。Itisreportedthataplanehasinthemountainousareaneartheborderlineofthatcountry.（分数：2.00）crashedVcrushedC.flashedD.clashed解析：解析：crash：坠毁，撞碎；crush：压碎，弄皱：flash：使闪光，反射；clash：冲突，撞击。根据句意可知，选A。1thinkweshouldstoparguingandworktogether,ifwewanttogetnearasolutiontotheproblem.（分数：2.00）A.anywhereB.everywhereC.nowhereD.somewhereV解析：解析：getsomewhere：有些进展，为固定搭配。故选D。Thegardenertheboynottosteponthegrass.（分数：2.00）suggestedchargedwarnedVinsisted解析：解析：suggest：建议，常用于suggeststh./doingsth.结构：charge：控告，收（费），常用于"charsesb.+金钱"或"chargesb.withsth.“结构；warn：告诫，提醒，警告，常用于"warnsb.（not）todosth.”结构；insist：坚持，强调，后面常接宾语从句。根据句意可知，选C。-I*mafraidwemustgonowifwedon'twanttogetcaughtinthetrafficjam.—OK.（分数：2.00）Itdoesn*tmatterYou'rewelcomeTakecareVD.Nevermind解析：解析：itdoesn*tmatter：没关系；you'rewelcome：不客气，不用谢：takecare：小心，当心；nevermind：没关系，别提了。根据语境可知，选C。Youmightnot1ikethewaySambehaves,butpleasebekindtohim.,heisyourgrandfather.（分数：2.00）A.Afteral1JAboveallInallAtall解析：Tomsroomisinaterriblemess,everythingseemsinit.（分数：2.00）outofcontroloutofdateoutoforderVD.outofservice解析：Atthe60thanniversary,theguestssittinginthefrontarethosegraduatesfromtheuniversity.（分数：2.00）faithfulB.distinguishedJimpressiveinteresting解析：解析：faithful：忠实的，忠诚的；distinguished：著名的，卓越的，受人尊敬的，显得重要的，常用来修饰人；impressive：给人印象深刻的，引人注目的；interesting：有趣的，有意思的，常用来形容物。根据句意，此处应该指“那些优秀毕业生”，所以选B。Wewerecaughtinatrafficjam.Bythetimewearrivedattheairporttheplane.（分数：2.00）A.willtakeoffB.wouldtakeoffC.hastakenoffD.hadtakenoffJ解析：解析：“bythetime+过去某个时间”作时间状语时，主句用过去完成时，表示从句所表示的动作在过去某个时间之前已经完成，即发生在“过去的过去”。本句表示“在我们到达之前飞机就已经起飞了”，所以选D。33.isnotknownyet.（分数：2.00）A.AlthoughheisseriousaboutitNomatterhowwewilldothetaskWhetherwewillgooutingornotVUnlesstheycometoseeus解析：解析：本题考查的是主语从句的用法。分析句子结构可以看出本句缺少主语，只能选择可以作主语的句子或成分。四个逸项中只有C项可以充当主语从句。although和nomatterhow常引导让步状语从句unless常引导条件状语从句。Youcan'trelyonJaneassheischanginghermindandyouwillneverknowwhatsheisgoingtodonext.（分数：2.00）occasionallyrarelyscarcelyconstantlyJ解析：解析：occasionally：偶尔，间或；rarely；罕见地，很少；scarcely:几乎不，绝不；constantly：时刻，不断，时常。根据句意“简不可靠”是因为“她时常改变主意”可知，应选D。Kidswillsoongettiredoflearningmorethantheycan.（分数：2.00）iftheyexpecttolearniftheyareexpectedtolearnViftheylearntoexpectiftheyarelearnedtoexpect解析：解析：本句为if引导的条件状语从句，主句是将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来，且they与expect之间是动宾关系，所以要用被动语态theyareexpectedto。故选B。Manypeoplepreferthebowlsmadeofsteeltothemadeofplastic.（分数：2.00）itoneonesVthem解析：解析：本题考查代词的用法。根据句意及句子结构可知，空处指代的是前面的thebowlso用于指代前面提到的可数名词复数时，为了避免重复，可用theones来替代。fromfaraway,the600-metertowerisstretchingintothesky.（分数：2.00）SeeSeeingToseeSeenJ解析：38.Thetribehadbeenlivinginthatpartoftheareaforgenerationsuntilthecivi1war.（分数:2.00）A.brokedownB.brokeoffC.brokeoutJD.brokeup解析：解析：根据句意可知，C项最合适.39.,Martincanreachthebranchofthattai1treeatthegate.（分数：2.00）A.AsashortmanB.BeingshortC.AsheisshortD.ShortasheisJ解析：解析：as意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句时，应用倒装语序，即将表语、状语或动词原形提至as前面，用来表示强调。本题应将作表语的short提至句首，所以选D。40.Thetemperatureislikelytogodownnextweek.,wewillhavetocanceltheoutdooractivities.（分数：2.00）A.InthatcaseJIncaseInnocaseInanycase解析：解析：inthatcase：如果那样的话，既然是那样。incase作“免得，以防”讲时，引导目的状语从句；作“假使”讲时，引导条件状语从句。innocase：绝不，在任何情形下都不，若置于句首，句子要用倒装语序。inanycase：在任何情况下，不管怎样，相当于anyhow。根据句意可知，选A。二、ReadingComprehension（总题数：4,分数：40.00）Whenthinkingaboutquittingsmoking,youshouldlistallthereasonswhyyouwanttoquit.Everynightbeforegoingtobed,repeatoneofthereasons10times.Decidepositivelythatyouwanttoquit.Trytoavoidnegativethoughtsabouthowdifficultitmightbe.Developstrongpersonalreasonsaswellasyourhealthandresponsibi1itytoothers.Forexample,thinkofallthetimeyouwastetakingcigarettebreaks,rushingouttobuyapack,huntingforalight,etc.Setadateforquitting-perhapsaspecialdaylikeyourbirthdayoraholiday.Ifyousmokeheavilyatwork,quitduringyourvacation.Makethedatesacredseriously,anddon,tletanythingchangeit.Begintoconditionyourselfphysically:startamodestexercise:drinkmorewater:getplentyofrest.Thefirstfewdaysafteryouquit,spendasmuchfreetimeaspossibleinplaceswheresmokingisprohibitedlikelibraries,museums,theatres,departmentstores,etc.Drinklargequantitiesofwaterandfruitjuice.Trytoavoidwine,coffee,andotherdrinkswhichremindyouofcigarettesmoking.Strikeupaconversationwithsomeoneinsteadofamatchforacigarette.Ifyoumissthesensationofhavingacigaretteinyourhand,playwithsomethingelse-apencil,apenoraruler.Ifyoumisshavingsomethinginyourmouth,tryatoothpickorafakecigarette.（分数：10.00）（1）.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisbestsupportedbytheauthor?（分数：2.00）Wheneveryoufeellikeacigarette,trytoforgetitbystartingaconversationwithsomeone.VTrytobeanice-breakerbeforeaskingforalight.Ifyoumissthesensationofhavingacigaretteinyourmouth,playwithapen.Everynightbeforegoingtobed,repeatthereasons10times.解析：解析：事实细节题。根据倒数第三段"Strikeupaconversationwithsomeoneinsteadofamatchforacigarette."可知，想抽烟时，可以和别人聊聊天，所以选项A正确。根据文章第一段第二句可知，选项D应为"repeatoneofthereasons0。根据文章倒数第二段可知，选项C中的moulh应改为hand。选项B内容文章未提及。（2）.Fromthepassage,weknowsmokers.（分数：2.00）wastealotoftimesmokingVhavetoquitsmokingfromtimetotimecanonlyquitsmokingduringtheirholidaystartamodestandeasyexercise解析：解析：事实细节题。根据第二段第四句“…thinkofal1thetimeyouwastetakingcigarettebreaks,rushingouttobuyapack»huntingforalight…”可知，抽烟很浪费时间，所以选A。（3）.Theauthorsuggested.（分数：2.00）allkindsofdrinksbeavoidedimmediatelyafterquittingdrinkingwaterandfruitjuiceinsteadofwine,coffeeandotherdrinksVtryinglow-tarcigarettesinunediatelyafterquittingD.spendingasmuchtimeaspossibleinpublicplaces解析：解析：事实细节题。根据第四段“Drinklargequantitiesofwaterandfruitjuice.Trytoavoidwine,coffee,andotherdrinkswhichremindyouofcigarettesmoking.“可知，戒烟时应喝大量的水和果汁，所以选项B符合题意，选项A说法不正确：文章并未提到选项C,所以不正确：根据第三段“Thefirstfewdaysafteryouquit*spendasmuchfreetimeaspossibleinplaceswheresmokingisprohibitedIike1ibraries,museums***n可知,作者建议戒烟者尽可能多地待在禁止抽烟的地方，而不是publicplaces（公共场合），因为并非所有公共场合都禁烟，所以选项D不正确。（4）.Thebesttitleforthispassageis.（分数：2.00）A.SmokingIsHarmfulB.DoNotSmokeSmokingIsDifficulttoQuitHowtoQuitSmokingV解析：解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一些戒烟的好方法，所以最佳的题目是“HowtoQuitSmoking（如何戒烟）”。其他三个选项均不能全面正确地概括文章大意。（5）.Ifthearticleisinanewspaper,whichsectionisitin?（分数：2.00）Sports.News.Health.JCulture.解析：解析：推理判断题。本文主要讲了戒烟的方法，根据常识可知，戒烟是为了健康，所以这篇文章最可能出现在报纸中“健康”这一部分。故选C。Byadoptingafewsimpletechniques,parentswhoreadtotheirchildrencangreatlyincreasetheirchildren，s1anguagedevelopment.Itissurprisingbuttrue.Howparentstalktotheirchildrenmakesabigdifferenceinthechildren*slanguagedevelopment.Ifaparentencouragesthechildtoactivelyrespondtowhattheparentisreading,thechildfslanguageskillsincrease.Astudywasdonewith30three-year-oldchildrenandtheirparents.HalfofthechiIdrenparticipatedintheexperimentalstudy:theotherhalfactedasthecontrolgroup.Intheexperimentalgroup,theparentsweregivenatwo-hourtrainingsessioninwhichtheyweretaughttoaskopen-endedquestionsratherthanyes-or-noquestions.Forexample,theparentshouldask,“Whatisthedoggiedoing?*ratherthan*Isthedoggierunningaway?*TheparentsintheexperimentalgroupwerealsoinstructedinhowtohelpchiIdrenfindanswers,howtosuggestalternativepossibilitiesandhowtopraisecorrectanswers.Atthebeginningofthestudy,thechiIdrendidnotdifferinmeasuresoflanguagedevelopment,butattheendofonemonth,thechildrenintheexperimentalgroupshowed5.5monthsaheadofthecontrolgrouponatestofverbalexpressionandvocabulary.Ninemonthslater,thechildrenintheexperimentalgroupstillshowedanadvanceof6monthsoverthechildreninthecontrolgroup.（分数：10.00）.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?（分数：2.00）ChiIdrenwhotalkalotaremoreintel1igent.ParentswholistentotheirchiIdrencanteachthemmore.Activechildrenshouldreadmoreandbegivenmoreattention.Verbalabilitycaneasilybedevelopedwithpropermethods.V解析：解析：推理判断题。.Whatdoes"It"inLine2canmostprobablybereplacedby?（分数:2.00）ParentstincreasingchiIdren*slanguagedevelopment.VB.Readingtechniquesbeingsimple.Parents*readingtochildren.Children'sintelligencedevelopment.解析：解析：词语理解题。.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingquestionsisthebesttypetoaskchildrenabout?（分数：2.00）A.Doyouseetheelephant?B.Istheelephantinthecage?C.Whatanimalsdoyoulike?VD.Shal1wegotothezoo?解析：解析：推理判断题。.Thedifferencebetweenthecontrolgroupandtheexperimentalgroupwas.（分数：2.00）A.thetrainingthatparentsreceivedVB.theageofthechildrenC.thebooksthatwerereadD.thenumberofthechildren解析：解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第三句可知，两组的区别在于实验组里的家长接受了培训。.Thebestconclusionwecandrawfromthepassageisthat.（分数：2.00）parentsshouldbetrainedtoreadtotheirchildrenthemorechildrenread,themoreintelligenttheywillbecomechiIdren*slanguageski11sincreasewhentheyarerequiredtorespondactivelyJD.childrenwhoreadactivelyseemsixmonthsold解析：解析：主旨大意题。全文都在讲父母可以采取一些方法来提高孩子的语言能力，即通过鼓励孩子积极回答，从而提高孩子的语言能力。故选C。Tounderstandthemarketingconcept,itisonlynecessarytounderstandthedifferencebetweenmarketingandselling.Nottoomanyyearsago,mostindustriesconcentratedprimarilyontheefficientproductionofgoods,andthenreliedon*persuasivesalesmanship*tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible.Suchproductionandsellingfocusesontheneedsofthesellertoproducegoodsandthenconvertthemintomoney.Marketing,ontheotherhand,focusesonthewantsofconsumers.Itbeginswithfirstanalyzingthepreferencesanddemandsofconsumersandthenproducinggoodsthatwillsatisfythem.Thiseye-on-the-consumerapproachisknownasthemarketingconcept,whichsimplymeansthatinsteadoftryingtosellwhateveriseasiesttoproduceorbuyforresale,themakersanddealersfirstendeavor（努力）tofindoutwhattheconsumerwantstobuyandthengoaboutmakingitavailableforpurchase.Thisconceptdoesnotimplythatbusinessisbenevolent（慈善的）orthatconsumersatisfactionisgivenpriorityoverprofitinacompany.Therearealwaystwosidestoeverybusinesstransaction-thefirmandthecustomer-andeachmustbesatisfiedbeforetradeoccurs.Successfulmerchantsandproducers,however,recognizethatthesurestroutetoprofitisthroughunderstandingandcateringtocustomers,Astrikingexampleoftheimportanceofcateringtotheconsumerpresenteditselfinmid-1985,whenCocaColachangedtheflavorofitsdrink.Thenon-acceptanceofthenewflavorbyasignificantportionofthepublicbroughtaboutapromptrestoration（恢复）oftheClassicCoke,whichwasthenmarketedalongsidethenew.KingCustomerruled!（分数：10.00）.Themarketingconceptdiscussedinthepassageis,inessence,.（分数：2.00）A.thepracticeofturninggoodsintomoneyB.makinggoodsavailableforpurchaseC.thecustomer-centeredapproachJD.aformofpersuasivesalesmanship解析：解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段第一句"Marketing,ontheotherhand,focusesonthewantsofconsumers."和第三句"Thiseye-on-the-consumerapproachisknownasthemarketingconcept…”可推知，本文讨论的市场营销观念本质上是以顾客为中心的方式。故选C。.Whatwasthemainconcernofindustrialistsbeforethemarketingconceptwaswidelyaccepted?（分数：2.00）A.Theneedsofthemarket.B.Theefficiencyofproduction.VC.Thesatisfactionoftheuser.D.Thepreferencesofthedealer.解析：解析：事实细节题。根据文章第•段第二句"Nottoomanyyearsago,mostindustriesconcentratedprimarilyontheefficientproductionofgoods,andthenreliedon'persuasivesalesmanship*tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible.”可知，在市场营销观念被广泛接受之前，实业家们最关心的是生产效率。故选B。.Accordingtothepassage,*tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible*（Para.1）means—.（分数：2.00）tosei1thelargestpossibleamountofgoodsJtotransportgoodsasefficientlyaspossibleC.todisposeofthesegoodsinlargequantitiesD.toredesignthesegoodsforlarge-scaleproduction解析：解析：词语理解题。本题关键在于对move一词的理解。根据文章第一段第二句“…mostindustriesconcentratedprimarilyontheefficientproductionofgoods,andthenreliedonipersuasivesalesmanship,tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible.“可知，厂家强调生产效率，并依赖“有说服力的销售技巧”来尽可能地move更多产品。由此可推知，move在此作“销售”讲，所以选项A为正确答案。.WhatdoestherestorationoftheClassicCokebestillustrate?（分数：2.00）Traditionalgoodshaveastrongerappealtothemajorityofpeople.Ittakestimeforanewproducttobeacceptedbythepublic.Consumerswithconservativetastesareoftendifficulttoplease.Productsmustbedesignedtosuitthetasteoftheconsumer.V解析：解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段第三句“…thesurestroutetoprofitisthroughunderstandingandcateringtocustomers.”可知，后面列举可口可乐的例子是为了证明生产者以消费者为中心的重要性。其中，caterto意为“迎合（ 的需要）"，与D项的suitthetasteof同义.故D项为正确答案。.Indiscussingthemarketingconcept,theauthorfocuseson.（分数：2.00）itsmaincharacteristicVitssocialimpactitspossibleconsequenceitstheoreticalbasis解析：解析：推理判断题。文章第一段介绍了“市场营销”概念普及之前的情况，即生产厂商只关心生产效率和产品销售：第二段介绍了市场营销的概念及其特点；第三段进一步分析了营销概念的特征并举例说明。由此可推知，文章主要是围绕“市场营销的特征”来展开的。Peoplehavewonderedforalongtimehowtheirpersonalitiesandbehaviorsareformed.Itisnoteasytoexplainwhyonepersonisintel1igentandanotherisnot,orwhyoneiscooperativeandanotheriscompetitive.Socialscientistsare,ofcourse,extremelyinterestedinthesetypesofquestions.Theywanttoexplainwhywepossesscertaincharacteristicsandexhibitcertainbehaviors.Therearenoclearanswersyet,buttwodistinctschoolsofthoughtonthematterhavedeveloped.Asonemightexpect,thetwoapproachesareverydifferentfromoneanother,andthereisagreatdealofdebatebetweenproponentsofeachtheory.Thecontroversyisoftenreferredtoas*nature/nurture*.Thosewhosupportthe"nature"sideoftheconflictbelievethatourpersonalitiesandbehaviorpatternsarelargelydeterminedbybiologicalandgeneticfactors.Thatourenvironmenthaslittle,ifanything,todowithourabilities,characteristics,andbehavioriscentraltothistheory.Takentoanextreme,thistheorymaintainsthatourbehaviorispredeterminedtosuchadegreethatwearealmostcompletelygovernedbyourinstincts.Proponentsofthe“nurture"theory,orastheyareoftencalled,behaviorists,claimedthatourenvironmentismoreimportantthanourbiologicallybasedinstinctsindetermininghowwewillact.Abehaviorist,B.F.Skinner,seeshumansasbeingswhosebehaviorisalmostcompletelyshapedbytheirsurroundings.Thebehaviorists,viewofthehumanbeingisquitemechanistic.Theymaintainthat,1ikemachines,humansrespondtoenvironmentalstimuliasthebasisoftheirbehavior.Neitherofthesetheoriescanyetfullyexplainhumanbehavior.Infact,itisquitelikelythatthekeytoourbehaviorliessomewherebetweenthesetwoextremes.Thatthecontroversywillcontinueforalongtimeiscertain.（分数：10.00）.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldbesupportersofthe*nature*theoryagreewith?（分数：2.00）Aperson*sinstinctshave1ittleeffectonhisactions.Environmentisimportantindeterminingaperson*sbehaviorandpersonality.Biologicalreasonshaveastronginfluenceonhowweact.JThebehaviorists,viewcorrectlyexplainshowweact.解析：解析：事实细节题。.Whichofthefollowingstatementswou1dbeproponentsofthe"nurture“theoryagreewith?（分数：2.00）Environmenthaslittletodowithbehavior.Behavioristtheoryisnotcorrect.Biologicallybasedinstinctsareimportantinhowweact.Aperson*scharacterisgreatlyinfluencedbyhisenvironment.解析：解析：事实细节题..B.F.Skinner.（分数：2.00）A.supportsthenaturetheorythinkstheenvironmentplaysanimportantroleindeterminingcharacterJC.believesinstinctsgovernbehaviorD.believesintheimportanceofgenesindeterminingpersonality解析：解析：推理判断题。由文章第四段第二句"Abehaviorist,B.F.Skinner,seeshumansasbeingswhosebehaviorisalmostcompletelyshapedbytheirsurroundings.“可知，B.F.Skinner认为人们的行为几乎是由环境塑造的，所以B项正确。.Concerningthenature/nurturecontroversy,thewriterofthisarticle.（分数：2.00）A.supportsthenaturetheoryB.supportsthenurturetheoryC.believesbotharecompletelywrongD.thinksthatthecorrectexplanationofhumanbehaviorwilltakeideasfromboththeoriesV解析：解析：事实细节题。由文章最后一段第二句"Infact,itisquitelikelythatthekeytoourbehaviorliessomewherebetweenthesetwoextremes.”可知，作者认为，人类行为的秘密可能会源于这两个理论，而不是两者中的某一个，所以D项表述正确。.IntheU.S.,blackpeopleoftenscorebelowwhitepeopleonintelligencetests.Withthisinmind,whichoneofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?（分数：2.00）Natureproponentswou1dsaythatwhitesaregeneticallysuperiortoblack.Nurtureproponentswoulddisagreethatblacksarebiologicallyinferiortowhites.Supportersofthenaturetheorywouldsaythatwhitesscorewellbecausetheyhaveasuperiorenvironment.JBehavioristswouldsaythatblacksoftenlacktheeducationalandenvironmentaladvantagesthatwhitesenjoy.解析：解析：推理判断题。由文章对先天理论和后天理论的描述可知，先天理论认为人们的个性和行为方式主要受生物和基因因素影响，而后天理论则认为影响行为方式的主要因素是环境。由此可知选项A、B、D均正确。C项中“先天理论的支持者会说白人得分高是因为他们有一个优越的环境”的说法显然是错误的。三、Cloze（总题数：1,分数：40.00）Manyoftheworld'spollutionproblemshavebeencausedbythecrowdingoflargegroupsofpeopleintothecities.Tosupplyfortheneedsofthepeople[Cl]furtherpollutionbyindustry.[C2]therapidincreaseinhumanpollutioncontinues[C3]thepresentrate,theremaybe[C4]greaterharm.Somescientistsspeakoftheincreaseinthenumberofpeople[C5]*populationpollution*,About2,000years（C6],theworldpopulationwasprobablyabout250mi11ion.It[C7]aboutonebillionin1850.By1930thepopulationwasabouttwobillion.Itis[C8]oversevenbillion.Anditis[C9]tobeover9billionbytheyear2050.Ifthepopulationcontinuestogrowat[CIO]samerate,therewouldbetwenty-fivebillionpeopleintheworldahundredyears[Cll]now!Manhasbeen[C12]theearth'sresourcesmoreandmorerapidlyovertheyears.Someofthemarealmostgone.Nowmanypeop1ebelievethatmantsgreatestproblemis[C13]tocontrolthe[C14] ofhisownpopulation.Thematerialsintheworldwillnotsupportthehuman[C15] ,intimestocome,ifthepresentrateofincrease[C16] .Alreadythereisovercrowdinginthecitiesand[C17]insomecountries.Canman,sincreaserate[C18] ?Manypeoplebelieve[C19]humansurvivalinthefuture（C20]ontheanswertothisquestion.（分数：40.00）（1）.[Cl]（分数：2.00）A.runsacrossleadstoJresultsfrombringsout解析：解析：词义辨析题。runacross：偶然遇到，撞见；leadto：导致；resultfrom：由于；bringout：使显现，生产，出版。根据上文可知，大量人口涌入城市使得产生了很多污染问题，所以空处应填leadstoo.[C2]（分数：2.00）WhetherIfVUnlessAnd解析：解析：语法结构题。根据语境可知，此处为条件状语从句，所以应选if（如果）。whether：是否；unless：除非，如果不；and：并且，均不符合语境。.[C3]（分数：2.00）atVoninby解析：解析：词语搭配题。at…rate为固定搭配，意为“以……速度”。.[C4]（分数:2.00）manymuchVmoremost解析：解析：语法结构题。.[C5]（分数：2.00）liketoasVfor解析：解析：词语搭配题。.[C6]（分数：2.00）A.earlierpastbeforeagoJ解析：解析：词义辨析题。.[C7]（分数：2.00）reachedVgotC.arrivedD.went解析：解析：词义辨析题。从上文的数字可知，世界人口一直在增长，所以此处表达的是“人口在1850年达到10亿"。reach：达到，是及物动词，其后可直接跟宾语；get和go作“达到”讲时，是不及物动词，不能直接跟宾语：arrive：到达，不及物动词。故选A。.[C8]（分数：2.00）inthefutureinthepastnowJthen解析：解析：逻辑推理题。根据上下文语境可知，本段主要讲述过去、现在以及将来的人口状况。由句中的is可知，此处讲述的是现在的人口状况，所以选C。.[C9](分数：2.00)A.saidB.expectedVC.plannedD.arranged解析：解析：逻辑推理题。由上题的分析和句中的bytheyear2050可知，此处是对将来人口状况的估计。Itisexpected意为"预计"，符合语境。.[C10](分数：2.00)aantheVD./解析：解析：词语搭配题。根据上下文可知，此处表达的是“如果人口继续以相同的速度增长”，特指上文所描述的速度，所以应用定冠词the。.[C11](分数：2.00)A.untilfromVoutonto解析：解析：词语搭配题。根据上文可知，此处是对将来人口的估计，所以应选from,ahundredyearsfromnow意为“一百年以后”。.[C12](分数：2.00)A.usingJB.destroyingC.discoveringD.digging解析：解析：词义辨析题。根据语境可知，此处表达的是“人们一直在使用地球上的资源”。use：使用，符合语境；destroy：破坏，毁坏；discover：发现；dig：挖掘。.[C131(分数：2・00)whywhathowJthat解析：解析：语法结构题。分析句子成分可知，空处之后为表语从句，应用连接副词how来引导，意为“如何”。.[C14](分数：2.00)existencestartgrowthVbirth解析：解析：词义辨析题。根据句意可知，此处表达的是“人类最大的问题是如何控制人口增长”。existence：存在；start：开始：growth：增长，符合语境；birth：出生。.[C15](分数：2.00)A.populationinterestssurvivalneedsJ解析：解析：逻辑推理题。根据第一段第二句"Tosupplyfortheneedsofthepeople-w可知，此处为原词复现，空处应填needs,意为“需求”。.[C16]（分数：2.00）A.continuesJwillcontinueC.continuedD.continuing解析：解析：语法结构题。分析句子结构可知，本句为if引导的条件句，根据“主将从现”的原则可知，从句应用-一般现在时。故选A。.[C17]（分数：2.00）A.coldnesshungerJC.thirstyD.drought解析：解析：逻辑推理题。根据上下文可知，世界资源匮乏，不能供给更多人去利用，所以人们会遭遇饥饿问题。故选B。.[C181（分数：2.00）raisecontinueJoverup解析：解析：逻辑推理题。根据上下文可知，此处表达的是“人口的增长速度会继续下去吗？”因此应选continue,意为“继续”。.[C19]（分数：2.00）whathowwhichthatV解析：解析：语法结构题。分析句子结构可知，本句为宾语从句，从句句子成分完整，所以应用连接代词that来引导。.[C20]（分数：2.00）dependsJagreessavespasses解析：解析：词义辨析题。dependon为固定搭配，意为“依靠，取决于”,符合语境。agreeon：达成一致；save不能与on搭配使用；passon:传递，继续。四、{{B}}SectionBDirections:TranslatethefollowingChineseintoEnglish.{{/B}}（总题数：10,分数:20,00）Hissuggestionthatweshouldrememberallthosewhohavegonebeforeusisfairlyreasonable.（分数：2.00）正确答案：（正确答案：他建议我们应该记住所有那些先驱者，这的确很有道理。）解析：Thankstosomenewinventions,doctorscantreatthisdiseasesuccessfully.（分数：2.00）正确答案：（正确答案：多亏了一些新发明，医生才能成功地治疗这种疾病。）解析：Unlesstheproblemoftalentsandfundsissolved,talkingaboutthetaskisuseless.（分数：2.00）正确答案：（正确答案：不解决人才和资金问题，谈论这项任务是无济于事的。）解析：Theexaminationleftnodoubtthatthepatienthaddiedofcancer.（分数：2.00）正确答案：（正确答案：调查结果清清楚楚地说明了病人死于癌症。）解析：Hefavoredtheeffortstoimproverelationswithallpeace-lovingcountries.（分数：2.00）正确答案：（正确答案：他赞成为了同所有爱好和平的国家改善关系而进行努力。）解析：我刚上火车，车就开了。（分数:2.00）正确答案：（正确答案：Hard1yhadIgotaboardwhenthetrainstarted.）解析：由于天气很好，我们决定去爬山。（分数：2.00）正确答案：（正确答案：Astheweatherisfine,wedecidetoclimbthemountain.）解析：让我们更加努力工作，以便能提前完成计划。（分数：2.00）正确答案：（正确答案：Let,sworkhardersothatwemayfulfillourplanaheadofschedule.）解析：如果有机会，约翰也许就成为一位杰出的画家了。（分数：2.00）正确答案：（正确答案：Givenachance,Johnmaybecomeanoutstandingpainter.）解析：就气候而言，这个城市是理想的居住之地。（分数：2.00）正确答案：（正确答案：Asfarastheclimateisconcerned,thecityisanidealplacetolivein.）解析：五、Writing（总题数:1,分数：2.00）Forthispart,youarerequi