新人教版八年级下册英语全册知识点大全

最新人教版八年级下册英语全册知识点大全最新人教版八年级下册英语全册知识点大全最新人教版八年级下册英语全册知识点大全资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月最新人教版八年级下册英语全册知识点大全版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：最新人教版八年级下册英语全册知识点大全Unit1重点短语:haveastomachachehaveacoldliedowntakeone’stemperaturehaveafevergotoadoctortoone’ssurpriseagreeto(dosth.)getintotroublebeusedtotakerisksrunout(of)cutoffgetoutofbeincontrolofkeepon(doingsth.）giveup语言知识归纳：1.What’sthematter(withyou)此句用来询问别人的病情。类似的句子还有：What’swrongwithyou/What’sthetroublematter作动词用，意为“要紧”“有关系”，主要用于疑问句和否定句。WhatdoesitmatterItdoesn’tmatter.【例题】Doesit________ifwecan’tfinishittodayA.mindB.mindsC.matterD.matters2.Ihaveasorethroat.have“患病”，常用“havea/an+名词”.haveacoldhaveafeverhaveasorebackhaveastomachachehaveacough【例题】()---Doesheoftenhave______cold---Yes.Healso_____acoughandasorethroat.A.a;hasB./;hasC.a;haveD./;havedownandrest!躺下休息liedown躺下单词词义过去式过去分词现在分词lie说谎liedliedlyinglie躺，平放laylainlying’sprobablywhy.那可能就是原因。probably意为“很可能，大概”，表示的可能性很大，是一种近乎肯定的意思。hurtv.使受伤；伤害；疼痛Hehurthislegwhenhefell.他摔伤的时候伤了腿。Myfeelingswerehurtwhenhedidn’taskmetotheparty.他没有请我参加聚会使我很伤心。Thebusdriver,24-year-oldWangPing...公交车司机，24岁的王平……24-year-old是用连字符连接数字和名词所构成的一个形容词结构，意思是“24岁的”。（名词必须用单数，常用在名词前做定语）【例题】A____girlnamedDongXinyilookedafterherdisabledfather.A.three-year-oldB.three-years-oldC.Threeyearsoldexpectvt.期待；预期；期盼expect的常见用法:expect+名词/代词The

old

man

is

expecting

his

daughter’s

visit.expecttodosth.

I

expect

to

get

a

birthday

present

from

my

dad.

expectsb.todosth.Do

you

expect

him

to

teach

you

Englishexpect+从句I

expect

that

you

will

get

there

soon.

【辨析】expect与lookforwardto两者都有期待的意思lookforwardtodoingsth.I’mlookingforwardtoseeingTom.Buttohissurprise...但是令他吃惊的是……toone’ssurprise表示“令人惊奇的是……”，相当于“主语+be+surprised”Tohissurprise,hefoundthegirlwasbind.=Hewassurprisedtofindthegirlwasblind.令他惊奇的是，他发现这个女孩是个盲人。【拓展】insurprise表示“惊奇的”，相当于副词性短语，用来修饰动词。Thetwogirlslookedateachotherinsurprise.那两个女孩惊奇地互相看着。besurprisedat表示“对……感到惊讶”。Weareverysurprisedatthenews.听到这个消息，我们很诧异。surprising表示“使人惊奇的”，作表语时，主语是事物。Theydon’twantanytrouble.他们不想惹麻烦。=1\*GB3①trouble用作名词，意为“烦恼，困难，麻烦，疾病等”。Hislifeisfulloftrouble.他的生活充满了烦恼。What’sthetrouble怎么了=2\*GB3②trouble用作动词，意为“麻烦，打扰”。I’msorrytotroubleyou.抱歉打扰你。【拓展】与trouble相关的短语introuble处于困境中getintotrouble陷入困境Havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事有困难【例题】-HowisyourEnglishstudy-Notbad.ButI_____learningEnglishgrammar.A.aminterestedB.amgoodatC.havealittletroubleD.havenotrouble辨析usedtodosth.与beusedtosth./doingsth.↓↓过去常常……习惯于某事/做某事Weusedtodrawpicturesbadly.Youwillgetusedtotheweatherhere.Intheend,Igotusedtodoinghardwork.辨析runout与runoutof人+runoutofTheyhaverunoutofthewater.物+runout(不可用于被动语态）Themoneyisrunningout.【例题】选出能代替句中画线部分的一项()YesterdayIusedupallthesalttocookdumplings.Ineedtobuysomenow.A.ateupB.runoutofC.ranofD.ranoutofmakedecisions=makeadecision作出决定decision为decide的名词形式makeadecisiontodosth.=decidetodosth.beincontrolof管理；控制Ateachershouldbeincontrolofhisclass.重点语法：情态动词should的用法（1）should后接动词原形，变否定句在should后加not,变一般疑问句时将should提前。（2）should常用于以下两种情况：=1\*GB3①提出建议Youlookedtired.Youshouldliedownandrest.=2\*GB3②表推测，意为“该，按理应当”。Waitaminute.Ithinkheshouldcomeinaminute.Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.重点短语:cleanupbyoneselfcheerupputoffgiveoutputonusedtogiveawaytakeaftersetupmakeadifferencecareforcomeupwith语言知识归纳：1.giveout分发，发放【拓展】give构成的短语还有：giveaway赠给，赠送givein屈服，投降giveup放弃giveoff发出（气味、光、热等）upwith提出，想出(1)表示“想出或提出”，相当于thinkofIthinkshecancomeupwithagoodidea(2)comeupwith还可表示“赶上”,相当于catchupwith.Weshouldstudyhardtocomeupwiththem【例题】()Wemust_____aplantoimproveyourmath.A.pickupB.catchupwithC.comeupwithD.makeup3.I’vrunoutofit.我已经把它用完了。runoutof表示“用完，用光”，其主语一般是人。【拓展】runoutof还可表示“从……跑出来”。Billranoutoftheroom.Bill从房间里跑出来。run构成的短语还有runaway逃走runafter追赶runintodifficulties遇到困难【例题】()Whenyourmoney____,pleasecometomeforsome.A.runsoutofB.runsoutC.isrunningoutofD.isrunoutItakeaftermymother.我长得像我妈妈。【辨析】takeafter与lookliketakeafter意为“长得像，行为、性格等像”,尤其是像自己的长辈。Theboytakesafterhisfather.这个男孩长得像他爸爸。looklike可以用于所有场合，既可指人也可指物，仅指外表看上去像。Themanlookslikeourteacher.这个男的看起来像我们的老师。Therainbowlookslikeabridge.彩虹看上去像一座桥。【拓展】take构成的短语takeuptakeofftakeplacetakeone’stimetakecare【例题】()-You’vereallybeautifulblondhair.-Thankyou.I____mymother.A.lookafterB.takeafterC.takefromD.lookfor语气。翻译短语位atmost,意为“至多，最多”。Hekeptmewaitingatleastanhour.Therewerefiftypeoplethereatmost.allthetime一直；总是Thingsarechangingallthetime.事情一直在变化。【拓展】time相关的短语ontime准时atthesametime同时intime及时Fromtimetotime偶尔thefirsttime第一次【例题】选出能代替句中划线部分的一项。()IalwaysgoshoppingonFriday.A.allthetimeB.allthesamealongD.allthewayI’mjustastiredasyouare!我和你一样累。as...as意为“和……一样”,表示同级比较。as...as中间要用形容词或副词原级。Thisstoryisasinterestingasthatone.这个故事和那个一样有趣。否定式为notas/so...as,意为“不如……”。Thegardenisnotsobeautifulasyouthought.【例题】()HespeaksFrenchwell,butofcoursenot____apersonborninFrance.clearasB.clearerthanC.asclearlyasD.themoreclearlyForoneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.一个星期，她不做家务，我也不做家务。wedrive,____pollutionourcitywillhave.A.thefewer;thefewerB.thefewer;thelessC.Themore;thefewerD.themore;theless11.inorderto的用法(1)inorderto意为“为了……”，强调目的，后接动词原形。Inordertoletthestudentshearhim,hespokeloudly.Wehavetostudyhardinordertopasstheexam.Inordernottobelateforschool,shetookataxi.含inorderto的句子可以转变为由sothat或inorderthat引导的状语从句。Sheranquicklyinordertocatchthebus.Sheranquicklyinorderthatshecouldcatchthebus.Sheranquicklysothatshecouldcatchthebus.asaresult的用法asaresult用于引出结果，常用于两个句子之间，其中一个是另一个的结果，且前后用标点符号将两个句子隔开，意为“结果是”。Hedidn’tlistencarefully.Asaresult,hecouldn’tworkoutthemathsproblem.【注】asaresultof的意思是“由于，因为”，相当于becauseof。Peterwaslateasaresultoftheheavyrain.=Peterwaslatebecauseoftheheavyrain.【例题】()Theboystudiedhard.______,hepassedtheexam.A.IafactB.OntimeC.AfterallD.AsaresultUnit4Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents重点短语:lookthroughworkoutgetonwithcutoutcompare...withinone’sopinionabigdealsothatgetintoafightcommunicatewithnot...until...callsb.upinsteadof语言知识归纳：1.Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparentsWhydon’tyoudosth.=Whynotdosth.“为什么不……”【拓展】提出建议的句型①What/Howaboutdoingsth.做某事怎么样②Shallwedosth.我们做某事好吗③You’dbetter(not)dosth.你最好（不）做某事。④Whydon’tyoudosth.为什么不做某事呢⑤Wouldyouminddoingsth.你介意做某事吗2.allowv.允许，许可①allowsb.todosth.“允许某人做某事“Myparentsallowmetoplaycomputergameonweekends.②allowdoingsth.“允许做某事”Shedoesn’tallowsmokinginherhouse.③allow+名词Wecan’tallowsuchathing.【例题】()Doyouoftenallow____until11:00.A.tostayupB.stayupC.stayingupD.andstayup3.workout产生……效果，进展……Thingsworkedoutquitewellforus.对我们来说，事情进展很好。Heworkedoutthemathsproblem.他算出了这道数学题。Canyouworkouttheproblemalone你一个人能把问题搞清楚吗4.communicatev.交流信息；沟通Ican’tcommunicatewiththematthemoment.此刻我无法同他们进行交流。communicationn.交流Peoplecan’tgetonwellwitheachotherwithoutcommunication.没有交流，人们就无法相处得好。【例题】选出能代替句中划线部分的一项。()Peoplechoosetokeepintouchwiththeirfriendsbye-mail.A.writeB.readD.communicate5.arguevi.争论；争吵arguewithsb.与某人争论Don’targuewithyourparents.不要和你的父母争论。argue的名词形式是“argument”,haveanargumentwithsb.与某人辩论。Alicehandanargumentwithherbestfriend.【例题】()Ineverargue____myparents.6.insteadadv.代替，顶替Ifyouarebusy,youmaycomeanotherdayinstead.【辨析】instead与insteadofinstead副词舍前取后，可单独使用，位于句首或句末。insteadof介词短语舍后取前，后面常跟名词，代词及动词ing。Hedidn’tanswer.Heaskedhisfatherinstead.Weeatriceinsteadofnoodles.【例题】()Whataniceday!Weshouldgosightseeing____watchingTVinthehotel.ofB.insteadofwith7.offerv.提供；提出；建议①offer做“提供”讲时，可接双宾语。offersth.tosb.=offersb.sth.向某人提供某物Thewaitressofferedacupofteatotheman.=Thewaitressofferedthemanacupoftea.②offer还有“提出，建议”的意思，其后接不定式，表示主动提出做某事。Theoldmanofferedtolendtheboysomemoney.【例题】()Thelittleboy___hisseattoanoldladyonthecrowdedbus.A.lentB.offeredC.tookD.brought8.Apare作动词，意为“比较，和……相比”。①compare...with...把……同……相比较Parentsshouldn’talwayscomparetheirchildrenwithothers.父母们不该总是把自己的孩子同别人相比较。②compare...to...把……比作……Peopleoftencomparethelifetoastage.人们常把生活比作一个舞台。【例题】()Myhandwritingcannotbecompared___myfather’s.A.toB.withC.onMycousinborrowsmythingswithoutreturningthem.①return意为“归还”，其后可接双宾语returnsb.sth.=returnsth.tosb.Don’tforgettoreturnmethekeys.②return还有“返回”的意思，相当于goback,后接地点时需要介词to。He作连词引导时间状语从句，在while引导的从句中，其谓语动词只能是延续性动词，强调主从句中的动作或状态同时发生。WhileIwaswatchingTV,someoneknockedatthedoor.when意为“当……时”，动作有一前一后的意思。WhenIpassedthatroomIheardsomeonesinging.while作连词时也可理解为“然而”，表示转折关系。Ilikeappleswhilemysisterdoesn’t.【例题】()Tomlikesreadinganewspaper____heishavingbreakfast.()Marywastalkingonthephone____someoneknockedatthedoor.2.makesure查明；确信①makesureofsth.②makesuretodosth.③makesurethat+从句【例题】()ReadyourEnglishpaperagainand____thereisnomistakeinitbeforeyouhanditin.sureupoutforIgottothebusstopbutIstillmissedthebus.get意为“到达”时，是不及物动词，后面跟地点名词时，要加介词to。HowcanIgettothenearestsupermarket表示“到达”的三种形式：①arrive意为到达at+小地点arrivein+大地点②getto后接地点名词。Hegottoschoolat7:00thismorning.③reach意为“到达”，是及物动词，后面直接跟地点名词。WhendidyoureachAmerica【例题】()Pleasewritetomeassoonasyou_____yourschool.toto()-Whendidyouraunt______inShandong-Yesterdayafternoon.Peopleoftenrememberwhattheyweredoingwhentheyheardthenewsofimportanteventsinhistory.hear动词,意为“听说”。常用结构为：①hearsb.dosth.听见某人做某事②hearsb.doingsth.听见某人正在做某事③hearof/aboutsb./sth.听说某人或某事④hearfromsb.收到某人的来信⑤hear+that从句听说……【例题】()Tomlikesto_____othersbutheneverwritestothem.ofaboutfrom()-Whendidyou_____thenews-Justnow.aboutfrom5.Iplayedthesongwithoutanymistakes.without介词,意为“无；没有”，其反义词为with,后接名词、代词或动词ing。Fishcan’tlivewithoutwater.Hewenttoworkwithouthavingbreakfast.【例题】她没敲门就进了房间。Sheenteredtheroom_______________atthedoor.你不戴眼镜能看得清东西吗Canyouseeclearly__________your_______Unit6Anoldmantriedtomovethemountains.重点短语:alittlebitinsteadofoonceuponatimefallinlovegetmarriedassoonasinsteadofgivebirthtobeborno语言知识归纳：try的用法①trytodosth.尽力做某事HeistryingtolearnEnglish.②trydoingsth.试着做某事Youshouldtrytakingmoreexercise.③tryone’sbest尽力I’lltrymybesttohelphim.④tryon试穿Wouldyouliketotrythisdresson2.remindvt.使想起，提醒①remindsb.of/aboutsth.使某人想起某事Thesongremindmeofmychildhood.②remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事Peterremindedhertoattendthemeetingontime.Whatdoyouthinkof...你认为……怎么样Whatdoyouthinkof...=Howdoyoulike...注：think后接动名词，like后接带to的不定式如：Whatdoyouthinkofgoingclimbingtomorrow=Howdoyouliketogoclimbingtomorrow你认为明天去爬山怎么样【例题】()-______doyouthinkofthefootballmatch-It’sperfect.It’smoreexcitingthan____matchthatIhaveeverwatched.A.How;anyotherB.How;anyothersC.What;anyotherD.What;anyothersNeitherofyouiswrong.你们两个都没错。neither两者都不；也不.Neitheroftheideasisgood.Ilikeneithersubject.neither作连词，表示“既不……也不……”，连接两个主语时，谓语动词要遵循就近原则。.Neitheryounorheisinthisteam.NeitherhenorIamateacher.【例题】()-Whichdoyouprefer,aCDplayerorawalkman-_______.Ipreferacomputer.A.BothB.EitherC.NoneD.Neitherunless的用法unl;to;as;thatassoonas一……就……assoonas为连词，引导时间状语从句当主句是一般将来时或祈使句时，从句通常用一般现在时，简称“主将从现”。.I’lltellheraboutthematterassoonasshereturnshome.I’llringyouupassoonasIgottoSanya.【例题】()-WillyoupleasegivethedictionarytoJane-Sure.I’llgiveittoher____shearriveshere.soonasthewholefamily全家whole的用法①作形容词，意为“全部的；完整的”。thewholenight整夜inthewholeworld全世界②作名词，意为“全部，全体，整个”。asawhole作为整体thewholeofChina整个中国【辨析】whole与allwhole一般位于冠词、所有格或别的限定词之后，而all则位于这些词之前allthetime/thewholetime整个时间allmylife/mywholelife我的一生alltheclass/thewholeclass整个班级【例题】()Alisonhasbeenskatingfor_____twohours.allthewholeofbemadeof与bemadefrom由……制成①bemadeof表示制成成品后，仍可以看出原材料Thedesksaremadeofwood.②bemadefrom看不出原材料，属于化学变化Paperismadeofwood.【例题】()Thispairofshoes_____byhand,andit____verycomfortable.madefrom;isfeltmadeof;feelsmadeby;feelsUnit7What’sthehighestmountainintheworld重点短语:feelfreeasfarasIknowinthefaceofeventhoughatbirthwalkintofalloverorsotakeinmanytimesendangeredanimalsachieveone’sdream语言知识归纳：比较级和最高级的特殊句型①“get/become+形容词比较级+and+形容词比较级”表示“变得越来越……”，当形容词为多音节词（少数双音节词）时，用“moreandmore+原级”。Itgetswarmerandwarmerwhenspringcomes.②“the+形容词比较级……，the+形容词比较级……”意为“越……就越……”。Theharderyouworkatyourstudy,thebettergradesyouwillhave.③“oneofthe+最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最……之一”。ChengduisoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesinChina.④Thisis/was+the+最高级+名词+that引导的定语从句。ThisisthemostinterestingstoryIhaveeverread.三级句型之间的转换①形容词比较级+thananyother+单数名词Thisbookismoredifficultthananyotherbookhere.=Thisbookisthemostdifficultofall.形容词比较级+thantheother+复数名词Billistallerthantheotherstudentsinhisclass.②同级比较用as...as...,否定式为notas/so...as...Heisastallashisfather.Heisnotastallashisfather.③“more+形容词”与“less+形容词”及“notso/as...as”的互换。Thisquestionismoredifficultthanthatone.=Thatquestionislessdifficultthanthisone.=Thatquestionisn’tsodifficultasthisone.数量的表达英语中通常将数字放在单位词的前面，而将表示长、宽、高等的词放在单位词的后面。固定句式为：主语+be+数词+形容词（长、宽、高、深……）。Theboyismeterstall.Thisbuildingis90metershigh.Chinahasthebiggestpopulationintheworld.①population是集体名词，没有复数形式，作主语时，其后谓语动词用单数形式。Thepopulationoftheschoolis500.②指人口多少时，一般用large或small来表示。ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthatofAmerica.③提问“有多少人口”，用what或howlarge,而不用howmany。What’sthepopulationofChinasucceedv.成功，做到succeed常与in连用，succeedindoingsth.(成功做某事）Didyousucceedinbookingtheticketsuccessn.成功Workinghardcanleadtosuccess.successful用作形容词，意思是“成功的”。Lindaisasuccessfuldancerandshedanceswell.【例题】()-Dearfriends,pleasereadeverysentencecarefully.Detailsdecide_____ornot.Thiselephantweighsmanytimesmorethanthispanda.（1）表示两倍用twice,三倍（及以上）用“基数词+times”。（2）倍数的表达：A+be+倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as+BThisclassroomisthreetimesasbigasthatone.【例题】()Thecartravels_____thetrain.A.twotimeasfastastimesasfastastimeasfasterasWtect保护、保卫protect...from...“保护……免受……的侵害”Everyoneshouldprotecttheenvironmentfrompollution.Unit8HaveyoureadTreasureIslandyet重点短语:fullofhurryupsciencefictioncountrymusiceversinceoneanotherbelongtofinishdoingsth.fightovermillionsof语言知识归纳：already,just,ever,yet,fortwoyears,since1995,sofar,inthelastfewyears【例题】()-Didyouborrowthecomicbookfromthelibrary-Yes.I_____itforthreedays.I’llreturnitthisafternoon.borrowedkept()-Hello,mayIspeaktoMiss.Wang-Sorry,sheisn’tin.She____theoffice.beentogonetobeenaway()-I’vegotthefinalHarryPotterbook.-Youwillloveit.I____ittwicealready.readingreadreadingreadI’vealreadyfinishedreadingit!finishdoingsth.完成做某事Theyfinisheddoingtheworklastweek.Whoelseisonmyislandelse意为“其他的”主要用在疑问词who,whose,what,where,when及不定代词somebody,anybody,nobody,someone,anyone,something,anything,nothing后面。-Whatelsedoyouwant-Nothingelse.other也作“其他的”讲，但用法不同other是形容词，修饰名词，并放在名词前Whenaretheotherboysarrive另外other还可修饰代词one或one’s。Thisstoryismoreinterestingthantheotherone.【例题】用else或other填空。(1)What_______canyouseeinthepicture(2)Wherearethe_______boys(3)Givemethe________pencil,notthisone.(4)Whom________wouldyoudoitwith...butnotaboutbelongingtoagroup.……但不是关于属于一个集体。belongto意为“属于”，后接宾语，不用于进行时态和被动语态。Thisbookbelongstome,butthatonebelongstoMary.Thenewpenbelongstome.ThehonorbelongstoTom.Sarahhasn’tbeentoNashvilleyet.havebeento...去过……【辨析】havebeento与havegonetohavebeento+地名，表示“某人曾经到过某地”，现在已经不在那个地方了（回来了）。havegoneto表示“已经去了某地”，还没有回来，可能在那里或在途中。不能与段时间连用。Johnisn’there.WherehashegoneHehasbeentomanyplacessincehecametoChina.【例题】()Anumberoftourists_____Yangzhoumanytimesbecauseitissuchabeautifulcity.beentobeentogonetogonetoHowdoesitmakethemfeelmake为使役动词，后跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语即makesb.dosth.Mymotheroftenmakesmecleantheroom.make后跟复合宾语的类型①make+宾语+名词Mostpopsingersmakemusictheircareer.②make+宾语+形容词Whathedidmakeshismotherhappy.③make+宾语+过去分词CanyoumakeyourselfunderstoodHaveyouintroducedthissingertoothersintroducesb.tosb.把某人介绍给某人introduceoneself做自我介绍Unit9Haveyoueverbeentoamuseum重点短语:thousandsofputuptakethesubwayontheonehand...ontheotherhand...encouragesb.todosth.haveproblemdoingsth.practicedoingsth.closetoduringthedaytimeallyearround语言知识归纳：1.Meneither.我也没（去过）。Meneither=NeitherhaveI.-Ican’tswim.-Meneither./NeithercanI.【例题】()-Ihaven’tbeentoSanya,howaboutyou-_________.A.Metoo.B.Meneither.C.Mealso.D.Mehaven’t.()-DidyouseePeterandMike-No,Isaw____ofthem.NeitherhenorI________(am/is)astudent.Italsoencouragesgovernmentsandsocialgroupstothinkaboutwaystoimprovetoiletsinthefuture.encourage鼓励encouragesb.(todosth.)【例题】()-Theteachersalwaysencouragehim________hard.studyMaybeyoufearthatyouwon’tbeabletofindanythinggoodtoeatwhenyoutravel.fear害怕；惧怕fear的不同用法①feartodosth.Thegirlsfeartogooutatnight.②fearforsb./sth.Policefearforthelostchildren.③fearthat+从句Hehassomeproblemswithhisears.Theyhadproblemsingettinghere.Itmightseemstrangetogotoazoowhenit’sdark.seem作动词，意为“似乎，好像”，常用于下列句型：(1)seem+(tobe)+名词/形容词/介词Heseems(tobe)happy.Theyseemedteachers.(2)Itseems+that从句Itseemsthatthey’rewinningthematch.(3)Itseemsasif...Itseemsasifhewereinadream.