课件-12讲交互设计-第十二

InteractionDesign（主讲 第6设计需求（Part 本讲内容概①重新认识目标导向的设计流设计需求定义流 设计需求定义流 重新认识目标导向的设计流WhataWhataproductisandwhatitshoulddo.Howaproductbehavesandhowitisstructuredtomeetusergoals. 重新认识目标导向的设计流WhataWhataproductisandwhatitshoulddo.Howaproductbehavesandhowitisstructuredtomeetusergoals. 重新认识目标导向的设计流WhataproductWhataproductisandwhatitshoulddo.Howaproductbehavesandhowitisstructuredtomeetusergoals. 重新认识目标导向的设计流WhataproductWhataproductisandwhatitshoulddo.Howaproductbehavesandhowitisstructuredtomeetusergoals. 重新认识目标导向的设计流WhataproductWhataproductisandwhatitshoulddo.Howaproductbehavesandhowitisstructuredtomeetusergoals.10 设计需求定义流设计需求定义流程包含以下五个步11 设计需求定义流12 步骤1：书写问题和愿景综Beforebeginningtheprocessofideation,it’simportantfordesignerstohaveaclearmandate(指令)formovingforward.诉他们应该朝着哪个方向走。13 步骤1：书写问题和愿景综mandateandareextremelyhelpfulinbuildingconsensus(共识amongstakeholdersbeforethedesignprocessmovesforward.并且对于与投资人达成共识非常有帮助。14 步骤1：书写问题和愿景综Atahighlevel,theproblemstatementdefinesthepurposeofthedesigninitiative.Adesignproblemstatementshouldconcisely(简明地)reflectasituationthatneedschanging,forboththeasandthebusinessprovidingtheproductto 15 步骤1：书写问题和愿景综ForCompanyX’scustomersatisfactionratingsareMarketsharehasdiminishedby10percentoverthepastyearbecauseusershaveinadequatetoolstoperformtasksX,Y,andZthatwouldhelpthemmeettheirgoalof16 步骤1：书写问题和愿景综Thevisionstatementisaninversion( )oftheproblemstatementthatservesasahigh-leveldesignobjectiveormandate. 17 步骤1：书写问题和愿景综Inthevisionstatementyouleadwiththeuser’sneeds,andyoutransition(跃迁)fromthosetohowthedesignvisionmeetsbusinessgoals.18 步骤1：书写问题和愿景综Here’sasampletemplatefortheprecedingThenewdesignofProductXwillhelpusersachieveGbyallowingthemtodoX,Y,andZwithgreater[accuracy,efficiency,andsoon],andwithoutproblemsA,B,andCthattheycurrentlyexperience.19 步骤1：书写问题和愿景综Here’sasampletemplatefortheprecedingThiswilldramaticallyimproveCompanyX’ssatisfactionratingsandleadtoincreasedmarket20 步骤1：书写问题和愿景综Thecontentofboththeproblemandvisionstatementsshouldcomedirectlyfromresearchandusermodels.Usergoalsandneedsshouldbederivedfromtheprimaryandsecondary as,andbusinessgoalsshouldbeextractedfromstakeholderinterviews.21 步骤2：探索与头脑风Theprimarypurposehereistoeliminateasmuchpreconceptionaspossible.22 步骤2：探索与头脑风 ngsoallowsdesignerstobeopen-mindedandflexibleastheyusetheirimaginationtoconstructscenariosandtousetheir yticalskillstoderiverequirementsfromthesescenarios. 23 步骤2：探索与头脑风Airallthewackyideasyou’vebeenconsidering(plussomeyouhaven’t),andbepreparedtorecordthemandfilethemforsafekee untilmuchlaterintheDon’tspendtoomuchtimeonthebrainstorming24 步骤3：确定人物角色的期 ’smentalmodelisherowninternalrepresentationofreality—howshethinksaboutorexplainssomethingtoherself.每个人的眼中都有一个他所认识的世界——心理模型25 步骤3：确定人物角色的期Itisthereforeimportantthattherepresentedmodelofourinterfaces—howthedesignbehavesandpresentsitself—shouldmatchwhatweunderstandaboutusers’mentalmodelsasmuchaspossible.26 步骤3：确定人物角色的期 plishthis,weformallyrecordtheseAttitudes,experiences,aspirations,andothersocial,cultural,environmental,andcognitivefactorsthatinfluencethe a’sexpectations27 步骤3：确定人物角色的期 plishthis,weformallyrecordtheseGeneralexpectationsanddesiresthe amayhaveabouttheexperienceofusingtheproductBehaviorsthe awillexpectorwantfromthe28 步骤3：确定人物角色的期 plishthis,weformallyrecordtheseHowthat athinksaboutbasicelementsorunitsofdata(Forexample,inane-mailapplication,thebasicelementsofdatamightbemessagesandpeople.)29 步骤4：构建情境场景剧Allscenariosarestoriesaboutpeopleandtheiractivities,butcontextscenariosarethemoststorylikeofthethreetypesweemploy.30 步骤4：构建情境场景剧Acontextscenario lsthestoryofaparticularusera,withvariousmotivations,needs,andgoals,usingthefutureversionofyourproductinthewaythatismosttypicalforthat 31 步骤4：构建情境场景剧Contextscenariosshouldbebroadandrelativelyshallow(浅显)inscope.Theyshouldnotdescribeproductorinteractiondetailbutrathershouldfocusonhigh-levelactionsfromthe 32 步骤4：构建情境场景剧ContextscenariosaddressquestionssuchastheInwhatsetting(s)willtheproductbeWillitbeusedforextendedamountsofIs afrequently33 步骤4：构建情境场景剧ContextscenariosaddressquestionssuchastheDoseveralpeopleuseasingleworkstationorWithwhatotherproductswillitbeWhatprimaryactivitiesdoesthe aneedtoperformtomeethergoals?34 步骤4：构建情境场景剧ContextscenariosaddressquestionssuchastheWhatistheexpectedendresultofusingtheHowmuchcomplexityispermissible(允许的basedaskillandfrequencyof35 步骤4：构建情境场景剧Apowerfultoolintheearlystagesofdeveloscenariosistopretendtheinterfaceismagic. 设产品的界面是无所不能的 原36 情境场景剧本举 aisVivienStrong,areal-estateagentinnapolis,whosegoalsaretobalanceworkandhomelife,closethedeal,andmakeeachclientfeellikeheorsheisheronlyclient.37 情境场景剧本举Whilegettingreadyinthemorning,Vivienusesherphonetocheckhere-mail.Becauseithasarelativelylargescreenandquickconnectiontime,it’smoreconvenientthanbootingupacomputerassherushestomakeherdaughter,Alice,asandwichforschool.138 情境场景剧本举Vivienseesane-mailfromhernewestclient,Frank,whowantstolookatahousethisafternoon.Thedevicehashiscontactinfo,soshecancallhimwithasimpleactionrightfromthee-mail.239 情境场景剧本举WhileonthephonewithFrank,Vivienswitchestospeakerphonesoshecanviewthescreenwhiletalking.Shelooksatherappointmentstoseewhenshe’sfree.Whenshecreatesanewappointment,340 情境场景剧本举thephoneautomaticallymakesitanappointmentwithFrank,becauseitknowswithwhomsheistalking.Shequicklyenterstheaddressofthepropertyintotheappointmentasshefinishesher341 情境场景剧本举AftersendingAlicetoschool,Vivienheadsintothereal-estateofficetogathersomepapersforanotherappointment.HerphonehasalreadyupdatedherOutlookappointments,sotherestoftheofficeknowswhereshe’llbeintheafternoon.442 情境场景剧本举Thedaygoesbyquickly,andeventuallyVivienisrunningabitlate.Assheheadstowardthepropertyshe’llbeshowingFrank,thephonealertsherthatherappointmentisin15minutes.Whensheflipsopenthephone,sheseesnotonlytheappointment,butalsoalistofall srelatedtoFrank543 情境场景剧本举includinge-mails,memos,phonemessages,andcalllogstoFrank’snumber.Vivieninitiatesacall,andthephoneautomaticallyconnectstoFrankbecauseitknowsherappointmentwithhimissoon.Sheletshimknowshe’llbetherein20minutes.544 情境场景剧本举Vivienknowstheaddressofthepropertybutisunsureexactlywhereitis.Shepullsoverandtapstheaddresssheputintotheappointment.Thephonedownloadsdirectionsalongwithathumbnailmapshowingherlocationrelativetothedestination.645 情境场景剧本举ViviengetstothepropertyontimeandstartsshowingittoFrank.Shehearsthephoneringfromherpurse.Normallywhilesheisinanappointment,thephoneautomaticallygoestovoic ,butAlicehasacodeshecanpresstogetthrough.Thephoneknowsit’sAlicecalling,soitusesadisti