初二英语动词不定式讲解包含口诀

初二英语动词不定式讲解包含口诀初二英语动词不定式讲解包含口诀初二英语动词不定式讲解包含口诀资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月初二英语动词不定式讲解包含口诀版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：初二英语动词不定式讲解动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形“,有时可以不带to.动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语。在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。一、作主语，可以用it代替，it叫形式主语，动词不定式放在后面叫真正主语1．Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.Itisnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage.2.It’sdangeroustodriveveryfast.二、如果宾语太长，可用it作形式宾语，构成“主语+谓语+it+宾语不足语(名词或形容词)+todosth”结构，谓语动词常为find、think、feel等。Ifounditdifficulttostophim.我发现拦截他很困难。常可接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：agree(同意),hope(希望),decide(决定),need(需要),mean(打算),wish(希望),fail(失败),want(想要),begin(开始),wouldlike(想要等。Ask(请求）,beg（乞求),leave,like,love,hate(讨厌）,prefer（宁愿）,order（命令）,teach,（教）tell,（告诉）believe（相信）,find,（找出）know,（知道）want,（想要）think,（认为）understand,（明白）后面跟动词不定式的动词口诀有：三个希望两答应（wishhopewantpromisagree)两个要求莫拒绝（askbegrefuse)想要明白跟知道（wouldlikeunderstandknow)教会告诉要相信（teachtellbelieve)找出爱恨区别点（findlovehate)Hehasdecidedtogotothecountryside.他已决心去乡下。四、（1）“疑问词+动词不定式”结构可以作动词know、think、findout等的宾语。Idon’tknowwhotoask.我真不知道该问谁。（2）“疑问词+动词不定式”可以作动词show、teach、ask等后面的直接宾语。Shetoldmewheretofindtheearphone.她告诉我什么地方可以找到耳机。五、动词不定式可以作介词的宾语。Autumnharvestisabouttostart.秋收即将开始。I’mworryingaboutwhattodonext.

我正愁下一步该怎么办。作定语的动词不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。此时，如果动词不定式的动词为不及物动词，后面的介词绝对不能省略。动词分“及物”和“不及物”，“及”你就理解成“”，“物”你就理解成“事物或人”及物的动词”就是“涉及事物的动词”即“有受对象的动词”或“带宾语的动词”（像买花费spend），“不及物的动词”就是“不带宾语的动词”“没有动作承受对象的动词”（像跑，跳jump,）。所以介词不能够省略。Ihavealotofbookstoread.我有许多书要读。Wehadonlyacoldroomtolivein.我们只有寒室一间。七、不定式复合结构作主语时，需注意：（1）It’s+形容词+for/of+sb+todosth.当上面的形容词指的是todosth的性质时，用介词for。It’sdangerousforchildrentoswimintheriver.孩子在这条河里游泳很危险。（游泳这件事情危险）（2）当上面的形容词指的是sb的性质时，用介词of。这些形容词往往修饰人：good,bad,polite,unkind,kind,nice,clever,right,wrong,careful,carelessItwascarelessofyoutodothat.你这么做真粗心。（你这个人粗心）八、感官动词hear,see,feel,watch,notice,lookat,listento后面直接跟动词原形,即常见的形式为:hearsbdosth等感官动词后既可跟动词原形作宾补，也可跟v-ing作宾补，前者表示动作的全部过程已结束；后者表示动作正在进行。Manypeopleliketowatchothersplaygames.许多人喜欢看别人玩游戏.Isawhimcomedownstairs.我看见他下了楼。（说明他下楼了这件事）Isawhimcomingdownstairs.我看见他在下楼。（说明他下楼时的情景）九、使役动词let,make,have后面直接跟动词原形;help后面的动词不定式作宾语补足语,to可有可无Sheletusmeetheratthestation,butshedidn’tcome.她让我们去车站迎接她,卡她没有来.十、区别下列词组的不同含义:remembertodo记住要做某事rememberdoing记得曾经做过某事forgettodo忘记要做某事forgetdoing忘记曾经做过某事stoptodo停下来去做某事stopdoing停止做某事goontodo继续做另一件事goondoing继续做原来在做的事十一、Ittakessbsometimetodosth.花费某人一段时间干某事.Ittookmehalfanhourtodomyhomeworkyesterday.昨天我花了半小时做回家作业.IttookJimanhourandahalftoreadthebook.吉姆花了一个半小时看这本书.Ittookmotheroneandahalfhourstodothehousework.母亲花了一个半小时干家务.用汉字表述上面的句型为:It+take+人+一段时间+todosth.一段时间形式往往为像这样的例子:fifteenminutes15分钟,anhour一个小时,twodays两天,halfamonth半个月,ayearandahalf一年半...等等十二、不定式的特殊句型Whynot"Whynot+动词原形"表达向某人提出建议，翻译为："为什么不……""干吗不……"

例如：Whynottakeaholiday干吗不去度假

练习

根据括号内的动词,用适当的形式填空,空内可能不只填一个词,使句子完整意思正确1.Theyusually__________kitesonSundays.(fly)2.Look!Thedogs__________afterthecat.(run)3.MissGao__________Englishinourschoolsinceshecamehere.(teach)4.Theclassmeeting_________lastWednesdayafternoon.(hold)5.Youshouldlethim__________theworkbyhimself.(finish)6.Meimei__________towashtheoldwoman’sclothestwiceeveryweek.(go)7.MrJiang__________usChineselastterm.(teach)8.Myfather__________backfromJapantomorrow.(come)9.It’sseveno’clocknow.TheGreens__________breakfasttogether.(have)10.Jim__________manyChinesesongssincehecametoChina.(learn)11.Pleaseremember__________thewindowwhenyouleavetheroom.(close)12.Afterschoolsomestudentsbegantodosome__________intheclassroom.(clean)13.English__________widelyinthewholeworldtoday.(speak)(

)1.

IoftenseeTom

ontheplayground.WhenIpassedtheplaygroundyesterday,Isawhim

.

A.play;playing

B.toplay;play

C.playing;toplay

C.playing;play

(

)2.

—Whatdoesthesign

onthebottlemean?

—Itmeans“

”.

A.Thissideup

B.Dangerous

C.Recyclable

D.NoParking

(

)3.

Whentheplayerfinishedrunning,hewasoutof

.

A.breather

B.breathing

C.breath

D.thebreath

(

)4.

—Howaboutgoinghikingthisweekend?

—Sorry,Iprefer

ratherthan

.

A.tostayathome;goout

B.togoout;stayathome

C.stayingathome;goout

D.goingout;stayathome

(

)5.

—Wereallyshouldn’tuseplasticbagsanymorewhenshopping.

—

It’simportanttoprotectourenvironment.

A.Sodoesit.

B.Withpleasure.

C.That’sOK.

D.Soitis.

(

)6.

—

—TothesupermarketwithWangFan.

A.Wherehaveyougone?

B.Wheredidyougotothesupermarket?

C.Wherehaveyoubeen?D.Where’sWangFang?

(

)7.

I

afraidofthedark,butnowIdon’t.

A.useto

B.usedto

C.usetobe

D.usedtobe

(

)8.

Theearthis

yearsold.

A.fourthousandssixhundreds

B.fourthousandsixhundred

C.fourthousandandsixhundredmillion

D.fourthousandsixhundredmillions

(

)9.

Theyhavemadesogreatprogress

.

A.threeyearsago

B.forthreeyears

C.inthepastthreeyears

D.beforethreeyears

(

)10.

—HasLiHonggonetothelibrary?

—Pardon?

—Iasked

thelibrary.

A.ifLiHonghadgoneto

B.ifhadLiHonggoneto

C.LiHonghadgoneto

D.hasLiHonggoneto

(

)11.

—Oh,MissWei.Yourskirtlooksnice.Isitnew?

—No,I

itsincethreeyearsago.

A.had