初高中衔接复合句宾语从句状语从句

宾语从句考点集汇，讲解和训练一.宾语从句的种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。.由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.Shedoesn'tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed..由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfoe?Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?Idon'tknowwhythetrainislate..由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否"。例如：Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.二.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：Ihear(that)physicsisn'teasy.Ithink(that)youwilllikethisschoolsoon.CanyoutellmehowIcangettozoo?Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhavethemeeting.三.宾语从句的时态.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。例如：Idon'tthink(that)youareright.Pleasetelluswhereheis.CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时)。例如：Heaskedwhattimeitwas.Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon..如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.【演练】Doyouknowduringthecomingsummerholiday?A.whatwillTomdoB.whatdidTomdoC.whatTomwilldoD.whatTomdidIwanttoknow.A.whatishisnameB.what'shisnameC.thathisnameisD.whathisnameisDoyouknowIcouldpasstheexam?A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.whichJimdoesn'tunderstand.A.whichisthewaytothemuseumB.whyhiswifealwaysgoesshoppingC.whatisthewaytothemuseumD.whydoesshealwaysgoshopping---Couldyoutellmesheislookingfor?A.thatB.whoseC.whoD.whichMr.Kingdidn'tknowyesterdayevening.A.whendoeshissoncomehomeB.whenhissoncomeshomeC.whendidhissoncomehomeD.whenhissoncamehomeCouldyoutellmethebikethismorning?A.howdoeshemendB.howhemendsC.howhemendedD.howdidhemend---1'mwaitingforthemail.Doyouknowitwillarrive?---Usuallyitcomesby4:00.A.howB.whereC.whenD.what---Excuseme,wouldyoupleasetellme?---Certainly.Gostraightalonghere.It'snexttoahospital.A.howwecangettothepostofficeB.howcanwegettothepostofficeC.howgettothepostofficeD.howcouldwegettothepostoffice---CanIhelpyou?---Yes.I'dlikeatickettoMountEmei.Canyoutellmetaketogetthere?A.howsoonwillitB.howsoonitwillC.howlongitwillD.howlongwillit11.Hewantedtoknow.A.whetherhespeaksatthemeetingB.whenthemeetingwouldstartC.whathesgoingtodoatthemeetingD.wherewouldthemeetingbeheld---CouldyoutellmetheBambooGarden?---Thedayaftertomorrow,Ithink.A.whenwillyouvisitB.whenyouwillvisitC.whenwouldyouvisitD.whenyouwouldvisitWouldyoupleasetellmenext,MrWang?A.whatshouldwedoB.weshoulddowhatC.whatweshoulddoD.shouldwedowhat14.Youcan'timaginewhentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited15.Iwanttoknowyouwillcomebackat8:00tomorrow.A.thatB.whenC.whereD.whether---Couldyoutellme?---Sorry,Idon'tknow.Iwasnotatthemeeting.A.whatdoeshesayatthemeetingB.whatdidhesayatthemeetingC.whathesaysatthemeetingD.whathesaidatthemeeting---Couldyoutellmelastnight?---Er,IwaswatchingEuro2004athome.A.whatyouweredoingB.whatwereyoudoingC.whatyouaredoingD.whatareyoudoing18.Theteacheraskedthestudents.A.iftheywereinterestedindinosaursB.whenwasAlbertEinsteinbornC.whattheywilldowiththecomputersD.howmanytreestheyhaveplantedEverymorningthepatientsareaskediftheirtemperaturetaken.A.theyhadhadB.havetheyhadC.theyhavehadD.hadtheyhadIt'suptoyoutodecideyou'llgothere,byairorbyroad.A.howB.whyC.thatD.when状语从句的考点集汇，讲解和训练【名师点睛】用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。.时间状语从句(1)时间状语从句常用when,as,while,before,after,since,till,until,assoonas等连词来引导。例如：Itwasraininghardwhengottoschoolyesterday.Whilehewasdoinghishomework,thetelephonerang.Ashewalkedalongthelake,hesanghappily.HehadlearnedalittleChinesebeforehecametoChina.Afterhefinishedmiddleschool,hewenttoworkinafactory.(2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：I'llringyouupassoonasIgettoNewYork.Iwilltellhimeverythingwhenhecomesback.Hewon'tbelieveituntilheseesitwithhisowneyes.(3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”,“在……以前不……”,谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如：Theyoungmanreadtillthelightwentout.Let'swaituntiltherainstops.Wewon’tstartuntilBobcomes.Don'tgetoffuntilthebusstops..条件状语从句(1)条件状语从句通常由if,unless引导。例如：Whatshallwedoifitsnowstomorrow?Don'tleavethebuildingunlessItellyouto.(2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：I'llhelpyouwithyourEnglishifamfreetomorrow.Hewon’tbelateunlessheisill.3)“祈使句+and(or)+陈述句”在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如：Hurryup,oryou’llbelate.=Ifyoudon’thurryup,you’llbelate.Studyhardandyouwillpasstheexam.=Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam..原因状语从句(1)原因状语从句通常由because,since,as引导。例如：Hedidn'tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.Asitisraining,weshallnotgothezoo.Sinceyoucan’tanswerthequestion,I’llasksomeoneelse.(2)because表示直接原因，语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用becauseAs和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如：Whyaren'tgoingthere?BecauseIdon’twantto.Ashehasnocar,hecantgetthereeasily.Sincewehavenomoney,wecan’tbuyit.(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。.结果状语从句(1)结果状语从句由so--that,such…that,sothat引导。例如：Heissopoorthathecan'tbuyabikeforhisson.Sheissuchagoodteacherthateverybodylikesher.Mypencilfellunderthedesk,sothatIcouldn’tseeit.(2)so・・・that语such...that可以互换。例如：在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是："...so+形容词(副词)+that+从句”。例如：Hewassogladthathecouldn'tsayaword.Thehallissobigthatitcanhold2,000people.Motherlivessofarawaythatwehardlyeverseeher.在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如：Itwassuchahotdaythatnobodywantedtodoanything.Hehadsuchlongarmsthathecouldalmosttouchtheceiling.Hemadesuchrapidprogressthathedidverywellinthemid-term.有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如：Itwassuchawonderfulfilmthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.=Thefilmwassowonderfulthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.Itissuchanimportantmatchthatnobodywantstomissit.=Thematchissoimportantthatnobodywantstomissit.(3)如果名词前由many,much,little,few等词修饰时，只能用so,不用such。例如：Soonthereweresomanydeerthattheyateupallthewildroses.Hehassolittletimethathecan'tgotothecinemawithyou..比较状语从句比较状语从句通常由as・・・as,比较级+than…等连词引导。例如：TomrunsfasterthanJohndoes.Thisclassroomisasbigasthatone..目的状语从句(1)目的状语从句通常由sothat,inorderthat引导。例如：Westartedearlysothatwecouldcatchthefirsttrain.Hestudieshardsothathecouldworkbetterinthefuture.Weusedthecomputerinorderthatwemightsavetime.(2)sothat既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个：1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can,could,may,might等。2)从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如：Speakclearlysothattheymayunderstandyou.(目的状语从句)Jackisbadlyillsothathehastorest.(结果状语从句).让步状语从句⑴让步状语从句通常由although,though等连词引导。例如：Thoughheisyoung,heknowsalot.AlthoughIamtired,Imustgoonworking.(2)although(though)不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不育总说：Thoughitwasraininghard,buthestillwentout.应该说：Thoughitwasraininghard,hestillwentout.或Itwasraininghard,buthestillwentout..地点状语从句地点状语从句常常由where来引导。例如：Gowhereyoulike.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.【演练】一.单项填空he'sold,hecanstillcarrythisheavybag.A.ThoughB.SinceC.ForD.So---Doyouknowifhetoplaybasketballwithus?---1thinkhewillcomeifhefreetomorrow.A.comes;isB.comes;willbeC.willcome;isD.willcome;willbeInthezooifachildintothewaterandcan'tswim,thedolphinsmaycomeuphim.A.willfall;tohelpB.falls;tohelpC.willfall;helpD.falls;helpingIdon'trememberheworkedinthatcitywhenhewasyoung.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.whoWewillstayathomeifmyaunttovisitustomorrow.A.comesB.comeC.willcomeD.iscomingThepoliceaskedthechildrencrossthestreetthetrafficlightsturnedgreen.A.not;beforeB.don’t;whenC.notto;untilD.not;afterIwaslateforclassyesterdaytherewassomethingwrongwithmybike.A.whenB.thatC.untilD.becauseI'llgoswimmingwithyouifIfreetomorrow.A.willbeB.shallbeC.amD.wasIntheexam,theyouare,themistakesyouwillmake.A.c