【上课用】高考英语专题：有趣的构词法讲义

高考英语1.Followyourheart就是英语构词法Word-formation2021-9-26路晓单词虐我千百遍，我唯待他如初恋--热情积极主动去背单词--Why?对阅读,完形,语填,作文的考查无都转化为词汇的考查,有方法,有技巧,有策略地学习单词,分析构词法学习词汇--猜--能力-厚积薄发构词法是用来思考的，不是用来死记硬背的，（背单词--发音+机械记性+分析词汇组成规律）培养英语思维，用英语的方式去理解我们看到的词汇和世界。§词汇被创造的逻辑--构词法汉语-象形文字-异曲同工之妙§语音--发音巨大的创造力和生产力§培养英语思维缩略词截断词lab→laboratorymath→mathematicsexam→examination发音-会读就会背fridge→refrigeratorsci-fi→sciencefictionHi-tech→hightechnologyflu→influenzaWiFi→wirelessfidelity无线保真thewiredworld2.首字母缩写TV→televisionVIP→veryimportantpersonTOEFL→TestingofEnglishasaForeignLanguageUFO→UnidentifiedFlyingObject--ID-identity身份GPS→GlobalPositioningSystemPC-personalcomputerCP-coupleAI-artificialintelligenceNBA-nationbasketballassociationIT-informationtechnologyWHO-WorldhealthorganizationUN-BBC-FBI-FederalBureauInvestigation-investigate调查CIA-UNESCO-联合国教科文组织APP-Application--applicant-applyforajob/toTitin-肌联蛋白高考-高中毕业考试？普通高等学校招生全国统一入学考试？GaoKao?collegeentranceexamination或者NationalCollegeEntranceExamination在你的身边还有哪些缩略词？举个栗子吧CEO-chiefexecutiveofficerICU-intensivecareunitBFF-bestfriendforever3.拼缀词smog-smokefog(haze)motel-motorhotelbrunch-breakfastlunchsatisficer-satisfysacrificeerCollegeuniversity985211Collegeuniversity985211本科Undergraduate--bachelordegree硕士研究生postgraduate--masterdegree博士研究生Doctordegree博士后postdoctor1．Thereare(variety)kindsofthemeparks...2．Itwillbringyouintoa(magic)worldandmakeyourdreamscometrue...3．Asyouwanderaroundthefantasy(amuse)park,youmayseeSnowWhiteorMickeyMouseinaparade.----wonder4．Withallthese(attract),nowonder(tour)isincreasingwhereverthereisaDisneyland.Tourismis-touristsare？HollywoodshowsandcelebratesAmerica’s(tradition)southeasternculture.难怪View-preview-review-interview-Interviewer,Inmyview,viewasView-preview-review-interview-Interviewer,Inmyview,viewastakemeasures/steptodoCover占地,覆盖,报道,前进,包含Disable-disabled--disability残疾Beunableto不能fold合上unfold打开able---ability capable---capability rely—reliable--reliabilityPossible-possibilityLikefather,likeson派生法---词根root+前缀prefix/后缀suffix--新词-派生词不算生词派生词是英语词汇的主体.在一个词的词根root前或后加上某个词缀affix产生新词，称为派生法derivation或词缀法affixation。前缀prefix，后缀suffix。前缀往往改变词义，不改变词性；而后缀往往改变词性，有些涉及意义变化。大部分前缀和后缀都有固定的意义，许多派生词的词义可以通过词根及词缀推知。加前缀re+dis+cover=rediscover,becoveredwith/by,discoveryandexploration加后缀act+or=actor,actress,takeactiontodo,active,actively,activity--interact,react,reaction加前后缀un+friend+ly=unfriendlybefriendlytoTelephone→mobilephone→smartphone常见前缀----前缀:一般只改变词义1.否定前缀un-unableadj,unlike(adj),unhappy,unfold,unwillingly,unfailingly2014无穷尽地永恒地,unemployment=outofjob=lostmyjob2016unacceptable,unbelievablefortunate-unfortunate不幸(beunwillingtodo)dis-disablev.,dislike,appear→disappear,approve-disapprove不同意dishonest,discouraged泄气的fromdisadvantage,displacedadj.2017（havethecouragetodo,encouragesbtodo,encouragement）(haveanadvantageoversth,takeadvantageof=makefulluseof=makethemostof)usanl+unasual不寻常的cover-discover发现obey--disobey不服orderdsorder紊乱honest-dishonest不诚实的anderstand*msnderstand误解mis---错误mistake,misunderstand,misread误解/读,lead→mislead误导，misfortune不幸mistrust不信任Im----possible→impossible,patient-impatient不耐烦的,imbalanced,imperfect,imperfection缺点drawback,shortcomingIn------correct→incorrect,inexpensive廉价的,invisible看不见的,inconvenient，active--inactive不活跃的Ir------irregular不规则的,irrelevant不相关的,irresponsible不负责任的beresponsibletosbforsth/takeon/undertake/shouldertheresponsibilityasenseofresponsibility/belonging/achievementil-------ill-cooked,illogical不合逻辑的illegal,(itislegaltodo)ne-,n-non-stopnone,neither,nevernon-nonsmoker.nonsense(makesense,sensible,besensitiveto)明智的敏感的2.表空间位置的前缀under-=belowunderground,underwater,underline--outline轮廓大纲概述sub-=undersubway,sub-water,suburban,urbaninter-=between相互internet,international,interchangeable，interaction2017interpersonal2014multi- multimediamulticultural,multichannel多渠道的3.表程度的前缀extra-“超越”extraordinaryover-“超过”overtime,overweight.super-“超过”supermodel,supermarketpre-准备preview,predict,preschool,prehistoryfore-预foresee,weatherforecast,forehead5.re-三方面意义：复习,评论,文章,，，再次联系上下文1)．"再/重复"review2019,recover,reconsider,reconstruction=rebuild,recycle,retire2016,recontextualization2017回归语境2)．"回/后"return,recall,reward,award3)．"反对"rebel,reverse,resist6.a--形容词,副词fallasleep,stayawake,goabroad,goaboard,broadenyourview，onboard在船上2020-1trans-移上,转上(transforminto2014),transplant,transport,transportation,translate,translationblackboard-goaboard-boardtheplane-boardingschoolblackboard-goaboard-boardtheplane-boardingschoolbroadcast-goabroad-broadenyourviewwide-widenyourview-widely1._____Helookstiredbecausehehasbeenworkingovertimeallweek..2._____Don’tmisunderstandme,I’monlytryingtohelp.3._____Inmanycases,thewords“fiction”and“novel”areinterchangeable.1.change→adj.不变的

3.possible→n.不可能

4.friend→adj.不友好的

6.understand→n.误会

7.read→v.误读

8.translate→n.翻译者

unchangeable,misunderstanding二、常见后缀---后缀:一般只改变词性表人或物的名词后缀：-er,-or,-ist,-ee,-eer,-ant等。scholar–er“某职业的人Employer,presenter2019,waiter,viewer,thinker（思想家）banker,porter,carrier携带者Londonerperform+performer表演者law-lawyer律师speak-speaker演讲者(地位一般)Present现在礼物赠送出席呈现主持presenter=host演示presentationPresent现在礼物赠送出席呈现主持presenter=host演示presentation(3)-ee"动作承受者"employee员工,examinee,interviewee被面试者/被采访者trainee受训人员(地位低)(4)-eer"从事于…人"engineer,volunteer(volunteertodo)(5)–istsocialist(socialism)typist,pianist,violinist,special-specialist专家novel--novelist小说家dentist牙医art-artist艺术家Chemistry-chemist化学家science-scientist科学家(6)-iantechnique-technician技师physics-physician内科医生Italian,American,Europe-European欧洲人music-musician音乐家Africa→African非洲人history-historian历史学家Asia-Asian亚洲人(7)er/or--表物品cooker,typewriter,washer,heater,shaver,locker2017tractor,metaldetector探测仪(侦探/警官detective)(8)-antconsultant,assistant,contestant竞争Serve-Servant仆人assist-assistant助手attend--attendant与会者表行为、性质、状态等抽象名词的后缀：-al,-ance,-ence,-(a)ton,-sion,-ics,-ing,-ity,-ment,-ness,-th,-ty,-ure,-ship等。9)--ment性质,状态,行为或结果”equip-equipment设备settle-settlement解决Astonish-astonishment惊奇punish-punishment惩罚arrange+arrangement安排judge-judg(e)ment判断develop-development发展state-statementv.陈述说n.州treat-treatment治疗对待招待款待settlement解决establishment建立argue-argument争论,agree-agreement同意,cometoanagreement,agreeto,disagreewith,disagreement歧义分歧Achieve-achievement成就Achievemygoal,itisagreatachievement.Asenseofachievement/responsibility10）-ness一名词，表”性质、状态、精神、程度”aware-awareness意识sad-sadness悲伤happy~happiness幸福weak-weakness弱点kind-kindness善良lazy-laziness懒惰Careless-carelessness粗心ill-illness疾病lonely-loneliness孤独greatness

伟大 hardness

硬度kindness善良Newness2017,raiseawarenessof2016c,gratefulness,Business,illness,wildness,blindnessWillingness,bewillingto,unwilling,wherethereisawill,thereisaway.11）--tion/-sion动作/过程,行为/状态”collect-collection收集imagine-imagination想象direct-direction指导Correct-correction纠正prepare+preparation准备permit-permission允许explain-explanation解释Pollute-pollution污染invite-invitation邀请admit→admission承认recognize-recognition认出Suggestion(should+V),education2017-3,intention,nation,production,organization,attraction2016Solve-solution解决办法describe-description描述discussion讨论repetition重复12）--ship抽象名词friendship,scholar,scholarship,leadership领导relationship关系-ity/ty responsible—responsibility责任similar—similarity相似beresponsibletosbforsth-th warmth温暖truth真理totellthetruth.lengthdepthwidthgrowthdead-deathstrong+strength强项;力量-agepack+package包裹marriagepost~postage邮资short→shortage短store-storage-ure fail—failure失败expose—exposure暴露beexposedto,pleasure.-al arrival refusal survival-ance/-ence acceptance接受assistance,distance,insurance保险appear-appearance,guide-guidance指导performance表演importance重要(性) dependence依靠occur-occurrence发生Prefer-preference偏爱Refer-reference参考differ--different-difference不同exist-existence存在absent-absence缺席convenient-convenience方便independent-independence独立silent-silence沉默confident-confidence信心patient-patience耐心intelligent-intelligence智力Evident-evidence证据-violent-violence暴力-ics physics

物理学 economics经济学 politics

（政治学）-ing building

建筑物）wedding

婚礼learning

学习，学问）painting绘画feeling感觉meaning意思warmingbelong--belongings财产surround+surroundings环境traintraining训练suffersuffering-ty reality

（现实） ability

（能力） difficulty（困难）-ure failure

（失败） pressure

（压力） mixture

（混合物）动词后缀-ize/ise,做成,变成-organize,summarize(summary),industrialize.v.(industry)apologize,realize,

socialize,

normalize,global-globalize使全球化modern-modernize使现代化popular-popularize普及special--specialize使专门化2)-en,使成为,引起quicken,shorten,widen，darken，soften，tighten，weaken，deepen，worsen恶化strengthen,loosen,brighten,fasten系紧,broadenyourview,widen20172018语填Strengthen-strength-strong,long-length-lengthen,sharp-Sharpen-sharpener(givingthemacloserrelationship=Strengthenthefamilyties2016B)前缀--Encourage,enlarge,enjoy,enabledoexercisesto68(strength)yourlegmuscles(courage-encouragesbtodo-encouragement--discouragesbfromdoing)-fy,…化/成beautify,purify净化simplify简化justify辩护合理化，terrify,horrify,identify识别,(UFO),(IDcard)identity,identificationclassify—classification分类4)-ish,使/令finish,establish=setup,abolish,distinguish3.形容词常用后缀有：-able,-ible,-al,-ful,-less,-ish,-ive,-ous,-an,-ic,-ly,-ant,-ent,-ary,-en等。1)-ful,充分的helpful,wonderful,grateful,delightful,doubtful2014,stressful,powerful,peaceful(mouthful,handful,量词)faithful忠诚的colorfulCareful2017Iwillbegrateful/thankfulif....=Iwouldappreciateitif...=Iwouldbeappreciateditif...2)-ed形容词常修饰人(delighted,excited,frightened,interested,moved,pleased,surprised,worried,ashamed,learned等)-ing形容词常修饰物(delighting,exciting,frightening,interesting,moving,pleasing,surprising,worrying等)表事物特征如Heismovedbythemovingfilm/movie.移动感动搬家如Hehadapleasedsmile.plpleasingpleasantpleasuren+ly=adjadj.+ly=advterror,horror-terrify,horrifyterrible,horrible3)-ous,n+ly=adjadj.+ly=advterror,horror-terrify,horrifyterrible,horribleHarmonious,previous,numerous，nervous,various(variedvary,avarietyof)continuous连续不断的delicious，poison-poisonous有毒ambition-ambitious雄心壮志的,mountain-mountainous多山的caution-cautious谨慎的adventureadventurous冒险的-ly,friendly,lively,lovely,lonely,deadly,silly,weekly,yearly,brother-brotherly兄弟般的cost-costly昂贵order-orderly有秩序的day~daily每天的mother-motherly母亲般的time-timely及时-able,suitable,reasonable,adjustable,knowledgeable有见识的,terrible,horrible,comfortable舒适的uncomfortable,valuable有价值的fashionable时尚的enjoyable令人愉快的access-accessible可到达rely~reliable可靠的acceptable可adapt-adaptable可适应的Product.v.ProductionnProduceProduct.v.ProductionnProducevProducernProductiveadjC200Productivityn.Dstill-tive(能力),active,productive(2015C),attractive,negative,reflective,imaginative,representativecollective集体的decisive决定性的native本国的instruct-instructive有教育意义的Talk-talkative健谈的effect-effective有效的defend-defensive防御性的名词：initiative,detective,positive,negative,native侦探正负极本国人8)-ish,foolish,selfish自私的childish幼稚的bookish书呆子气的9)–less否定homeless,helpless无助的(helpful),useless(useful),selfless(selfish),meaningless(meaningful)fearless无畏的,harmless,hopeless,careless(careful),speechless，powerless无力的-alnational,official,educational,local,natural,actual,general,moral道德上的personal,practical实用的cultural,globe-global全球的文化的race-racial种族的benefit-beneficial有益的influence-influential有影响的名词：officials,proposal建议,remove--removal移动survive-survival幸存Arrive-arrival,Approve-approval赞成11)-y funny滑稽的,lucky,thirsty口渴的noisy喧闹的healthy,Wind-windy有风的rain-rainy有雨的snow-snowy有雪的sun-sunny晴的dirt--dirty脏的fog--foggy有雾的icy有冰的wealth-wealthy富有的mud-muddy泥行taste-tasty美味的smell-smelly难闻的dust--dusty布满灰尘的12)-ant/-entsignificant,important,different,present,absent,excellent，pleasant令人愉快的dependent依赖的-able/-ible： suitable适合的 responsible负责的 acceptable可接受的-ic historic历史意义的scientific科学的electronic电子的energetic精力充沛的systematic系统的sympathy-sympathetic-ent/-ant-ary secondary次要的 imaginary想象中的 ordinary普通的-en golden金色的 wooden木制的 woolen毛纺的①(2019Ⅱ)Butthenwegotanofficialletterandwewereblownaway.Wearesoproudofher.It’s(wonder)．惊讶惊喜②2019OtherAmericanstudiesshowedno(connect)betweenuniformsandschoolperformance.③(2019·北京)Studentsshouldhaveaproperattitudetowardscollegebeforethinkingaboutwhichcollegetoattend，andit’snevertooearlytomakenecessarypreparationsforahealthyand(meaning)collegeexperience.④Buteconomistswhostudytherelationshipbetweenmoneyand(happy)havefoundthat,aboveacertainincome,thetwodonotreliablycorrelate.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)单句语法填空1．We’llneverknowthe(true)behindtheaccident.2．Their(behave)towardsmeshowsthattheydonotlikeme.3．Thecountryplacesgreatimportanceon(educate)．重视4．Wespentourhappy(child)inasmalltowninthemountains.5．Whenthefirst(settle)movedintothearea,theyfacedalotofdifficulties.6．Ourschoolwonthe(athlete)sportsbecausewehavesomanygoodrunners.7．A(translate)isapersonwhotranslateswrittenmessagesfromonelanguageintoanother.8．One(advantage)oflivinginthetownisthelackofsafeplacesforthechildrentoplay.9．Being(able)toaffordaproperhome,thecouplemovedintoamountaincave.10．It’sa(n)(formal)party,soyouneedn’tgohometogetchanged.11．Itwas(polite)ofyoutoaskhimthepersonalquestioninfrontofsomanypeople.12．Tomwas(courage)byhisfathertotakepartinthesingingcompetition.13．Ona(storm)night,hissonwasmissingonthewaybackhome.14．Theirproductis(friend)totheenvironmentandpopularwithcustomers.15．Mr.Leesaidthesmilesand(happy)ofthechildrengavehimgreatcourage.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)判断下列画线单词的词性和词义1．Maryisdrawingwaterfromthewellandlooksquitewell．2．Ihavebookedmyticketandboughtthreebooksformysister.3．Mybrotherisstudyingforthecomingexaminationinourfather’sstudy．4．Let’sgooutforawalkaftersupper,butdon’twalktoofast.5．Althoughmynewcellphonehasmanyfunctions，itdoesn’tfunctionwell.5第一个function是名词，功能；第二个function是动词，运行，运转4第一个walk是名词，散步；第二个walk是动词，走3第一个study是动词，学习；第二个study是名词，书房2第一个book是动词，预订；第二个book是名词，书1第一个well是名词，井；第二个well是形容词，气色好，身体好4.副词后缀1)-ly,regularly定期地2015,officially2016,firmly,slowly,quickly,carefully,hardly2018,rarely,actuallyadj.+ly=adv terribly可怕地 exactly确切地true-trulypossible-possiblycomfortable-comfortablysimple-simplygentle-gentlyvisible-visibly看得见的;明显的whole-whollydue-dulycomfortable-comfortablycapable-capablysensible-sensiblycuddle拥抱-cuddly温暖柔软的probable-probablyrude-rudely,happy~happily高兴地angry-angrily生气地heavy-heavily沉重地healthy-healthily健康地Noisy-noisily吵闹地Total-totally彻底地physical-physically身体上serious-seriously认真gradual~gradually逐渐地natural-naturally自然地formal-formally正式地instant-instantly立即obvious-obviously明显patient-patiently耐心地merry-merrily快乐地busy~busily忙碌地easy-easily简单地-ward,downward,backwards,afterwards,eastward向东方地 homeward向家去地forward(putforwardaplan)(改错Iamlookforwardtohearofyour)3)-wise,在…位置,以…方式 otherwise否则 likewise同样地clockwise顺时针方向地profitwise从利润来看,lengthwise,二．合成法(1)合成名词highway,breakout=outbreak,breakthrough,outcome2017input,output,newcomers,takeaway,footstepspain-killer止痛药editor-in-chief总编not-for-profit非盈利的sleepwalk梦游grown­up成年人get­together聚会lookers­on旁观者passers­by路人go­between中间人，媒人son­in­law女婿sister­in­law嫂子合成形容词well-known,world-famous,hardworking,heartbreaking2017,warm-hearted,strong-willed,absent-minded,heart­felt由衷的cold­blooded冷血的middle­aged中年的bare­footed赤脚的(3)合成动词mass-produce,double-check,upgrade，update，overthrow推翻(4)合成副词however,therefore,otherwise,moreover单独作状语,downstairs,downtown,beforehand事先(5)合成代词anybody,anything,nobody(没人,小人物)nothing,somebody(某人,大人物),somehow不知怎么地someway以某种方式三.转换法----一个词不经过任何变化转换成另种词类并产生新词义①Didyoubookaseatontheplane?②Pleasehandmethebook.(v.递handin\out\over\down)③Shenursedherhusbandbacktohealth.fooln.傻子→v.愚弄correctadj.→v.correctionn.改正floodn.洪水→v.淹没,涌出Attemptv.N.Makeattempttodowaterv.浇水watertheflower,流泪thewateryeye2016--tearsjudgen.法官V.判断Don’tjudgeapersonbyhisappearancefacev.面对inthefaceof,befacedwith,facingthefuturestoren.商店v.储存2017Astoragen.option.n选项.v.选择2017Adulladj.枯燥的v,使枯燥bedulledby2015Chomeadv.家V回家Ihomedin2015CHeadn头v朝headhome,headfor2016,2017朝向前往Viewn.观点看法v.考虑,看做viewaslocateV.位于,坐落于，=找到，定位2017Clocationanchorn.锚V固定2017C2017place地点放置displaced.无家可归的Backn.后背backpackadv向后date/gobackto追溯到v.后退backoff2016完型v支持backsbStepn.一步,步骤,措施Takesteps/action/measurestodo采取措施V.迈进stepforward2016完型stepoutspotn.点斑点地点onspot在现场v.看见bespottedby2016完型ship船v运输,快递2.形容词→动词Wewilltryourbesttobetterourlivingcondition.改善Slowemptydrydirtybrave---adj.v.3the+形容词→名词therich富人thepoor穷人,thedisabled,thestrong-willed,finaln.决赛记忆单词的几种方法:同义法insearchof=find,lookfor,searchfor,seekignore=neglect,overlook,paynoattentionto形近法abroad--aboard(goabroad,goaboard)wonder--wander(Iwonderwhether/if.....)(wanderabout)1.besatisfiedwithtoone’ssatisfaction/joy/surprise/disappointment2.itisasuccess/failure.besuccessfulsucceedindoingfailtodoattack1.besatisfiedwithtoone’ssatisfaction/joy/surprise/disappointment2.itisasuccess/failure.besuccessfulsucceedindoingfailtodo一．用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Wemustdoa_____(care)job.Wemustdotheexperiment(care).2.Thesingergavea(friend)smiletothosewhocametogreethim.3.Thesuccessofourexperimentisagreat(satisfy)tousall.4.Scientistshave(success)insendingthesatelliteintospace5.Thenewsfilledthemwith(proud).6.Wewerefilledwith______.(angry)2016-1.pandasareitstop_61_(attract).2.Thetitlewillbe__63___(official)giventome.3.Mydutieswillinclude67_(introduce)Britishvisitors20174.be(care)nottogotoextremes5.Even66(bad),20186.youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto68(strength)yourlegmuscles7.it'salways69(energy).改错20161.thekeytohissuccessishonest.2.Instead,hehopesthatourbusinesswillgrowsteady.20173.Afewminuteslate,Icametoasuddenlystop20184.Ifelthappilythattheirlifehadimproved.2019-1改错Toeveryone’ssurprising,5.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability=bookinadvance用括号中所给单词的否定形式填空：1.Itis____(legal)todriveafterdrinkingalcohol.2._____(lead)advertisementarenotallowedbylaw.3.The_______(expect)deathofhersonmadehersad.4.Hewasscoldedforhis_______(acceptable)behavior.5.Ifitisnot_______(convenient)toyou,Ishouldliketocallonyoutonight.6.Hewasunlucky.Nomatterwhathedoes,hewasalways______(succeed)7.Itwas_______(polite)ofyoutoleavewithoutsayinggoodbye.8.IamafraidIhaveto______(agree)withyouontheissue.9.ParalympicGames(残奥会)areheldforthe____(able).illegalMisleadingunexpectedunacceptableInconvenientunsuccessfulimpolitedisagreedisabled1.HarryPotterisaboywhoisfullof_____(imagine)2._______(congratulate)!Youhavedonesowellinthegame.3.Ireceivedaletterof_________(invite)butIdidn’tacceptit.4.Hislate______(arrive)madeamessofourplan.5.Tothe______(amaze)oftheparents,theirchildcanlookafterhimselfwithouttheirhelp.6.Hedidexerciseto____(strong)hismuscles.7.Iwentoutto________(breath)thefreshair.8.Don’ttakehiswords____(serious);hewasjustkidding.9.Theboyfelt_____(comfort)withhisnewclassmates,soheseldomspoke.10.The___(popular)offoreignwordsispartoftheJapaneseinterestinanythingnew.外来语接收新鲜事物流行普及11.Theboy’s_______(usual)behaviorpuzzledthedoctor.12.He_____(like)thosewhoarenotwell-behaved.举止不得体13.Hewas___(formal)dressedinabluesilkshirtopentotheneck.ImaginationCongratulationsinvitationarrivalamazementstrengthenbreatheSeriously认真对待Uncomfortablepopularityunusualdislikesinformally三、后缀-ment:表"行为,状态,过程,手段及其结果1)achievevt.达到,取得——achievementn.成就,成绩,功绩2)adjustvt.调整,使…适合;校准——adjustmentn.调整,适应5)announcevt.宣布,宣告——announcementn.通告,通知---informof2014A6)amusevt.（使人）快乐,逗乐——amusementn.娱乐8)appointv.任命,委任,安排,确定—appointmentn.约会10)arrangev.安排,布置——arrangementn.安排,布置201613)commitvt.犯罪，commitacrime/mistake做错事;becommittedto承担义务—commitmentn.承诺,允诺,承担14)developv.发展/发达vt.冲洗照片——withthedevelopmentofn.发展.发达,开发15)departvi.离开;出发,起程;——department(缩Dept.)n.部门;司,处;系-departure.n.出发21)judgen.裁判;审判员;法官;vt.判断,断定——judgementn.裁判24)refreshv.使恢复精力,提醒——refreshmentsn.点心,便餐;201725)requirevt.需求;要求——requirementn.需要;要求;必要的条件26)settlevi.安家,定居,解决确定——settlementn.新拓居地;（美）部落,村落settledown平静settlethedispute解决争端27)staten.状态;国家,州;vt.规定;声明;陈述—statementn.声明,陈诉,28)treatvt.招待款待对待,看待as——treatmentn.治疗,疗法四、后缀-tion加后缀词义ambitious--ambitionn.野心，雄心，抱负cooperative--cooperationn.合作，协作；协力imaginative--imaginationn.[心理]想象力；空想；幻想物innovationn.革新，创新，改革inspirationn.灵感；鼓舞；吸气；妙计beinspiredby2020语填intend--intentionn.意图；目的；意向；愈合native--nationn.国家；民族；国民prizen.,奖品v.珍视,珍惜seizev.抓住,逮住;夺取,占领;没收,查封prizen.,奖品v.珍视,珍惜seizev.抓住,逮住;夺取,占领;没收,查封raisev.举起,提升;增加;饲养;引起;竖起;提出Apologizev.(to,for)道歉，认错risev.升起;起立;上涨;起义n.上涨,增高;起源arisev.出现，发生；(from)由....引起/产生productive--productionn.成果；产品；生产；作品20142分promotionn.推销；促销活动五、考研英语所有“ize、ise”结尾词汇characterizev.(characterise)表示„的特性;描述„特性criticizev.(criticise)批评,评论emphasizev.(emphasise)强调organizev.(organise)组织,编组realizev.(realise)认识到,体会到;实现realizemydreamrecognizev.(recognise)认出,承认,公认,赏识,表扬berecognizedassummarizev.(summarise)概括,总结sympathizev.(sympathise)(with)同情;共鸣,同感;赞成revisev.修订,校订;复习,修改revision形近词辨析：CompletecompetecomplaincomplaintforgetforgiveOfficeofficerofficialadjvofficiallyPresent1.adj出席的到场的bepresentatthemeeting/beabsentfromthemeetingThepeoplepresentareamazing.到场的n.Inthepresence/absenceof2017-1CNowallthatwasneededweretheparents,buttheywereabsent.Igavethehomeownerarecordingofthehungerscreamsofowlchicks.Theseadvertisethepresenceofchickstoadults;theymightalsoencourageourchicktostartcallingaswell.2.adj现存的；当前的inthepresentsituationthepresentday目前atpresent3.礼物；礼品Apresent=gift4.V.给give~sbwithsth|~sth(tosb)把…交给；颁发；授予2014-1Apresenttheprizes颁发奖品5.N.主持人presenter2018-1-CAndtheGoodMorningBritainpresentersaysv.呈现；展示-----n.presentation...inhisfirstpresentationofV

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